X-ray tomography system for standing cultural relics

Abstract

The invention discloses an X-ray tomography system for cultural relic standing, which is characterized by comprising a rack, a scanning bed body, a guide rail motor, a guide rail and a ball screw, the rack is of an annular structure, and an X-ray source and a linear array detector are arranged on the rack; the rack is located on the guide rail, and the guide rail motor is connected with the rack through the ball screw. The guide rail motor is used for driving the ball screw to drive the rack to translate along the guide rail; the scanning bed body is located in the center of the annular structure, is parallel to the guide rail, and is used for placing a to-be-scanned cultural relic and scanning the cultural relic in the horizontal direction when the rack translates along the guide rail; and when the rack rotates along the cultural relics, the cultural relics are rotationally scanned. The invention relates to a high-energy X-ray tomography system capable of meeting the requirement of non-rotating low-gravity-center placement of cultural relics, and full-view X-ray tomography of the cultural relics in a standing state can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of non-destructive testing and relates to an X-ray tomography system for static cultural relics. Background Art

[0002] X-ray tomography (CT) is an important nondestructive testing method. Its greatest advantage is its ability to generate three-dimensional images of the internal structure of a sample without destroying it. Therefore, it has become a key research tool in the field of cultural relic detection and analysis. The imaging targets cover a wide range of cultural relics, including metal objects, ceramics, lacquered wooden objects, paintings, and human remains. Compared with two-dimensional X-ray photography, CT technology can provide more detailed internal three-dimensional structural information and achieve virtual cutting of specific layers, providing important scientific support for the identification of complex relics, analysis of cultural relic craftsmanship, and assessment of the preservation status of fragile cultural relics.

[0003] Since the advent of the world's first CT device in 1971, foreign archaeological and cultural relic research teams have quickly begun using CT technology as a tool for various cultural relic studies, accurately identifying objects with complex characteristics of varying shapes, materials, and types. However, most of the CT technologies used are general-purpose medical CT, micro-CT, and industrial CT, which have certain limitations in the field of cultural relics, as shown in the following table:

[0004]

[0005] In order to solve these problems, some foreign teams have begun to develop special CT equipment for cultural relics in response to the special needs of cultural relics research. On the one hand, special equipment can better ensure the safety of cultural relics and avoid collisions, overturning and other problems during scanning. On the other hand, it can customize personalized scanning solutions for different shapes, materials and areas of interest of cultural relics. Foreign researchers Fauzia Albertin et al. (2019) developed an in-situ CT system for museums and cultural relics restoration laboratories, which achieved imaging of samples such as wood carvings and wooden masks. Kees Joost Batenburg's team (2020) developed a Fle-X-ray system that can flexibly adjust the scanning method for different cultural relics. However, these works still have problems with low energy and low universality.

[0006] Existing CT technology, used in cultural relic research, primarily relies on the detection methods of medical CT and industrial CT. This technology is unable to meet the precise acquisition of three-dimensional structural information, including morphology, size, material type, and the overlapping relationships between deposits, from fragile cultural relics. Furthermore, given the comprehensive consideration of cultural relic safety during the inspection process, there are no safety protection measures specifically designed for cultural relic inspection. Currently, using general-purpose industrial CT to perform X-ray tomography of cultural relics requires the artifact to be fixed and rotated with the turntable, which poses certain safety risks and limits the imaging needs of artifacts with a high center of gravity, large axial dimensions, or that are fragile and easily damaged. While medical CT can avoid the need for artifact rotation, its low energy consumption makes it unsuitable for imaging high-density artifacts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an X-ray tomography system for static cultural relics, focusing on the safety of cultural relics and meeting the needs of fine imaging of fragile cultural relics; the present invention is a high-energy X-ray tomography system that can meet the needs of non-rotating low-center-of-gravity placement of cultural relics, and can realize full-field X-ray tomography of cultural relics in a static state.

[0008] The present invention is a non-rotating X-ray tomography system for cultural relics. Through a 450kV high-energy rack rotating CT structure, it realizes non-rotating CT scanning of cultural relics and meets the X-ray penetration requirements for scanning cultural relics made of various materials. It has high safety and strong versatility.

[0009] The present invention achieves full static tomographic scanning of fragile cultural relics through frame translation, further improving safety. It also uses high-energy multi-row small pixel detectors to achieve high-resolution and efficient imaging.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0011] An X-ray tomography system for static cultural relics, characterized by comprising a frame 1, a scanning bed 2, a guide motor 3, a guide rail 4, and a ball screw 5;

[0012] The frame 1 is an annular structure, on which an X-ray source 11 and a linear array detector 21 are provided; the frame 1 is located on the guide rail 4, and the guide rail motor 3 is connected to the frame 1 via the ball screw 5; the guide rail motor 3 is used to drive the frame 1 to translate along the guide rail 4 by driving the ball screw 5;

[0013] The scanning bed 2 can move in and out of the annular structure and is used to place the cultural relics to be scanned. When the frame 1 moves horizontally along the guide rail 4, the cultural relics are scanned horizontally; when the frame 1 rotates along the cultural relics, the cultural relics are rotationally scanned.

[0014] Furthermore, the frame 1 includes a turntable 14, a base frame 15, an annular bearing 16, a slip ring 17, and a transmission mechanism 18; the annular bearing 16 is fixed to the circular hole in the center of the base frame 15; the turntable 14 and the slip ring 17 are mounted and fixed to one end of the annular bearing 16; the transmission mechanism 18 is mounted and fixed to the other end of the annular bearing 16 to drive the annular bearing 16 to rotate; the turntable 14 is provided with the X-ray source 11, the positive high-voltage generator 13, the negative high-voltage generator 19, the industrial computer 20, and the linear array detector 21;

[0015] The positive high voltage generator 13 and the negative high voltage generator 19 are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the X-ray source 11 to provide high voltage and current to the X-ray source 11;

[0016] The linear array detector 21 is used to receive the rays emitted by the X-ray source 11;

[0017] The industrial computer 20 is used to control the operation of the positive high voltage generator 13, the negative high voltage generator 19 and the linear array detector 21;

[0018] The slip ring 17 provides power transmission for the X-ray source 11 , the positive high voltage generator 13 , the negative high voltage generator 19 , the industrial computer 20 , and the linear array detector 21 , provides signal transmission for the industrial computer 20 , and provides data transmission for the linear array detector 21 .

[0019] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism 18 is installed at the rear end of the annular bearing 16, and the transmission mechanism 18 includes a turntable motor 181, a synchronous belt tensioning mechanism 182, a first guide groove 183, a first reading head 184, a magnetic scale 185, a second synchronous pulley 186, a second reading head 187, a synchronous belt 188, a second guide groove 189, a first synchronous pulley 1810, and a reducer 1811; the reducer 1811 is connected to the turntable motor 181, and is used to convert the high speed and low torque output by the turntable motor 181 into a low speed and high torque; the main shaft of the reducer 1811 is connected to the first synchronous pulley 1810, and is used to drive the first synchronous pulley 1810 to rotate; the first synchronous pulley 1810 drives the second synchronous pulley 186 to rotate through the synchronous belt 188, and the second synchronous pulley 1 86 is installed and fixed on the annular bearing 16, driving the annular bearing 16 to rotate; the synchronous belt tensioning mechanism 182 is in contact with the synchronous belt 188, and is used to adjust the tension of the synchronous belt 188; the first guide groove 183 is located at the front end of the first synchronous pulley 1810, and is used to limit and guide the synchronous belt 188 entering the first synchronous pulley 1810; the second guide groove 189 is located at the front end of the second synchronous pulley 186, and is used to limit and guide the synchronous belt 188 entering the second synchronous pulley 186; the entire circle of the magnetic scale 185 is attached to the end face of the second synchronous pulley 186, and the position information of the second synchronous pulley 186 is read by the first reading head 184 and the second reading head 187 and converted into angle information and sent to the frame motion control module to control the speed of the second synchronous pulley 186.

[0020] Furthermore, the rack 1 is provided with multiple rows of linear array detectors 21 .

[0021] Furthermore, the linear array detector 21 is located directly below the X-ray source 11 and is used to receive the rays emitted by the X-ray source 11 .

[0022] Furthermore, the scanning bed 2 is parallel to the guide rail 4 .

[0023] Furthermore, a cooler 12 is provided on the turntable 14 for dissipating heat for the X-ray source 11 ; the industrial computer 20 controls the operation of the cooler 12 , and the slip ring 17 provides power for the cooler 12 .

[0024] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] Given the wide variety of cultural relics and their diverse materials, this system utilizes a small-focus X-ray source with a maximum accelerating voltage of 450kV, balancing X-ray penetration and spatial resolution to cover the vast majority of cultural relic inspection needs. The system utilizes independently developed multi-row linear array small-pixel detectors to address the effects of scattering on imaging contrast in medium- and high-energy X-ray imaging, balancing imaging time and quality. A rotating horizontal gantry design addresses the safety risks associated with the rotation of cultural relics during conventional CT imaging, reduces the time required to securely position them, and ensures their safety. This invention provides an effective means for securely and efficiently acquiring three-dimensional information from within cultural relics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 System structure diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a rack structure diagram.

[0028] Figure 3 This is the structural diagram of the transmission mechanism.

[0029] Figure 4 The following is a scanning flowchart.

[0030] Figure markings: 1-frame, 2-scanning bed, 3-guide motor, 4-guide rail, 5-ball screw, 11-X-ray source, 12-cooler, 13-positive high-voltage generator, 14-turntable, 15-base frame, 16-annular bearing, 17-slip ring, 18-transmission mechanism, 19-negative high-voltage generator, 20-industrial computer, 21-linear array detector, 181-turntable motor, 182-synchronous belt tensioning mechanism, 183-first guide groove, 184-first reading head, 185-magnetic scale, 186-second synchronous pulley, 187-second reading head, 188-synchronous belt, 189-second guide groove, 1810-first synchronous pulley, 1811-reducer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] Aiming at the special needs of imaging and analysis of cultural relics, the present invention proposes an X-ray tomography system for static cultural relics. For metal cultural relics, due to their high density, they have a strong attenuation of X-rays, so a higher-energy X-ray source is required, and a 450kV source is selected; considering that the Compton scattering effect of high-energy X-rays is obvious, the scattered rays will greatly reduce the imaging contrast, and since the linear array detector should have good anti-scattering performance, a linear array detector is used. Considering the imaging speed of the linear array detector, multiple rows of linear array detectors are selected to improve the imaging efficiency; to ensure the scanning safety of cultural relics, the system is designed to place the samples horizontally to avoid the cultural relics from rotating or translating during the scanning process. The system structure uses a frame 1 that carries the ray source and detector to rotate and translate around the cultural relics. The system design of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0033] A 450kV X-ray source 11 and a multi-row linear array detector 21 are mounted on a gantry 1, while a scanning bed 2 is used to place the artifacts to be scanned. High-speed slip rings ensure data and signal transmission during the rotation of gantry 1. A guide motor 3 is connected to the bottom of gantry 1 via a ball screw 5. Frame 1 rests on a guide rail 4, and the guide motor 3 drives the ball screw 5 to translate gantry 1 along high-precision parallel guide rails 4. This system design fully considers the safety of artifacts, ensuring their non-rotating, low-center-of-gravity placement. Core components such as the source and detector are integrated into the gantry 1 for rotation. This eliminates the need for artifacts to rotate during scanning, and the translation of gantry 1 allows for scanning and imaging of artifacts while they are completely stationary, greatly enhancing their safety. Furthermore, the system utilizes a high-energy X-ray source with high penetrating power, making it suitable for a variety of artifact materials. The imaging system utilizes high-energy, multi-row, small-pixel detectors, resulting in high spatial resolution and contrast, meeting the requirements for detailed imaging of artifacts.

[0034] Horizontal rotating rack Figure 2As shown, it includes an X-ray source 11, a cooler 12, a positive high-voltage generator 13, a turntable 14, a base frame 15, an annular bearing 16, a slip ring 17, a transmission mechanism 18, a negative high-voltage generator 19, an industrial computer 20, and a linear array detector 21. The positive high voltage generator 13 and the negative high voltage generator 19 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the X-ray source 11 respectively, providing high voltage and current for the X-ray source 11; the linear array detector 21 is located directly below the X-ray source 11 and receives the rays emitted by the X-ray source 11; the cooler 12 dissipates heat for the X-ray source 11; the industrial computer 20 controls the operation of the positive high voltage generator 13, the negative high voltage generator 19, the cooler 12 and the linear array detector 21; the X-ray source 11, the cooler 12, the positive high voltage generator 13, the negative high voltage generator 19, the industrial computer 20 and the linear array detector 21 are installed and fixed on the turntable 14; the slip ring 17 is the ring equipment X-ray source 11, the cooler 12, the positive high voltage generator 13, the negative high voltage generator 19, the industrial computer 20 and the linear array detector 21 The positive high voltage generator 13, the negative high voltage generator 19, the industrial computer 20, and the linear array detector 21 provide power transmission, provide signal transmission for the industrial computer 20, and provide data transmission for the linear array detector 21; the annular bearing 16 is fixed on the circular hole in the center of the base frame 15, the turntable 14 and the slip ring 17 are installed and fixed at one end of the annular bearing 16, and the transmission mechanism 18 is installed and fixed at the other end of the annular bearing 16. The transmission mechanism 18 drives the annular bearing 16 to rotate, and the annular bearing 16 rotates with the turntable 14 and the slip ring 17, and then the turntable 14 rotates with the X-ray source 11, the cooler 12, the positive high voltage generator 13, the negative high voltage generator 19, the industrial computer 20, and the linear array detector 21.

[0035] The transmission mechanism 18 is installed at the rear end of the annular bearing 16. The transmission mechanism 18 includes a turntable motor 181, a synchronous belt tensioning mechanism 182, a first guide groove 183, a first reading head 184, a magnetic scale 185, a second synchronous pulley 186, a second reading head 187, a synchronous belt 188, a second guide groove 189, a first synchronous pulley 1810, and a reducer 1811. The turntable motor 181 is connected to the reducer 1811 to convert the high speed and low torque output by the turntable motor 181 into a low speed and high torque; the main shaft of the reducer 1811 is connected to the first synchronous pulley 1810, driving the first synchronous pulley 1810 to rotate, and then driving the second synchronous pulley 186 to rotate through the synchronous belt 188. The second synchronous pulley 186 is fixed on the annular bearing 16 and drives the annular bearing 16 to rotate; the tension of the synchronous belt 188 can be adjusted by adjusting the front and rear position of the tensioning pulley of the synchronous belt tensioning mechanism 182; the first guide groove 183 is located at the first The front end of the synchronous pulley 1810 is used to limit and guide the synchronous belt 188 entering the first synchronous pulley 1810; similarly, the second guide groove 189 is located at the front end of the second synchronous pulley 186, which is used to limit and guide the synchronous belt 188 entering the second synchronous pulley 186; the magnetic scale 185 is attached to the end face of the second synchronous pulley 186 in a full circle, and the position information of the second synchronous pulley 186 is read by the first reading head 184 and the second reading head 187, and then converted into angle information and sent to the frame motion control module to control the speed of the second synchronous pulley 186 and thus control the rotation of the frame 1.

[0036] The above hardware system is controlled by software. The software functions meet the needs of scanning different types of cultural relics such as archaeological boxes, metals, ceramics, jade, etc., including ray source control module, detector control module, rack motion control module, fluoroscopy and CT acquisition process control module, tomographic image reconstruction and post-processing module, equipment monitoring and quality control module, data transmission and I / O module, etc. Among them, the scanning process and parameters are adaptive to the situation of cultural relics. The specific process is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0037] Main indicators of the imaging system: the maximum acceleration voltage of the radiation source is 450kV, the spatial resolution of the imaging system is ≥2lp / mm, and the scanning size meets

[0038] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, intended to facilitate understanding and implementation of the present invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, variations, and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the disclosure of the preferred embodiments, and the scope of protection claimed in the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An X-ray tomography system for static cultural relics, characterized in that: It includes a frame (1), a scanning bed (2), a guide rail motor (3), a guide rail (4), and a ball screw (5); The frame (1) is an annular structure, on which an X-ray source (11) and a linear array detector (21) are provided; the frame (1) is located on the guide rail (4), and the guide rail motor (3) is connected to the frame (1) via the ball screw (5); the guide rail motor (3) is used to drive the frame (1) to translate along the guide rail (4) by driving the ball screw (5); The scanning bed (2) can move in and out of the annular structure and is used to place cultural relics to be scanned. When the frame (1) moves horizontally along the guide rail (4), the cultural relics are scanned in a horizontal direction; when the frame (1) rotates along the cultural relics, the cultural relics are rotationally scanned.

2. The X-ray tomography system according to claim 1, wherein: The frame (1) comprises a turntable (14), a base frame (15), an annular bearing (16), a slip ring (17), and a transmission mechanism (18); the annular bearing (16) is fixed on a circular hole in the center of the base frame (15); the turntable (14) and the slip ring (17) are mounted and fixed on one end of the annular bearing (16); the transmission mechanism (18) is mounted and fixed on the other end of the annular bearing (16) to drive the annular bearing (16) to rotate; the turntable (14) is provided with the X-ray source (11), the positive high-voltage generator (13), the negative high-voltage generator (19), the industrial computer (20), and the linear array detector (21); The positive high voltage generator (13) and the negative high voltage generator (19) are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the X-ray source (11) to provide high voltage and current to the X-ray source (11); The linear array detector (21) is used to receive the rays emitted by the X-ray source (11); The industrial control computer (20) is used to control the operation of the positive high voltage generator (13), the negative high voltage generator (19) and the linear array detector (21); The slip ring (17) provides power transmission for the X-ray source (11), the positive high-voltage generator (13), the negative high-voltage generator (19), the industrial computer (20), and the linear array detector (21), provides signal transmission for the industrial computer (20), and provides data transmission for the linear array detector (21).

3. The X-ray tomography system according to claim 2, wherein: The transmission mechanism (18) is installed at the rear end of the annular bearing (16), and the transmission mechanism (18) includes a turntable motor (181), a synchronous belt tensioning mechanism (182), a first guide groove (183), a first reading head (184), a magnetic scale (185), a second synchronous pulley (186), a second reading head (187), a synchronous belt (188), a second guide groove (189), a first synchronous pulley (1810), and a speed reducer (1811); the speed reducer (1811) is connected to the turntable motor (181) and is used to convert the high speed and low torque output by the turntable motor (181) into a low speed and high torque; the main shaft of the speed reducer (1811) is connected to the first synchronous pulley (1810) and is used to drive the first synchronous pulley (1810) to rotate; the first synchronous pulley (1810) drives the second synchronous pulley (186) to rotate through the synchronous belt (188), and the second synchronous pulley (186) is mounted and fixed on the annular bearing (16) to drive the annular bearing (16) to rotate; the synchronous belt tensioning mechanism (182) contacts the synchronous belt (188) to adjust the tension of the synchronous belt (188); the first guide groove (183) is located at the front end of the first synchronous pulley (1810) to limit and guide the synchronous belt (188) entering the first synchronous pulley (1810); the second guide groove (189) is located at the front end of the second synchronous pulley (186) to limit and guide the synchronous belt (188) entering the second synchronous pulley (186); the entire circle of the magnetic scale (185) is attached to the end face of the second synchronous pulley (186), and the position information of the second synchronous pulley (186) is read by the first reading head (184) and the second reading head (187) and converted into angle information and sent to the frame motion control module to control the speed of the second synchronous pulley (186).

4. The X-ray tomography system according to claim 1, wherein: The frame (1) is provided with multiple rows of linear array detectors (21).

5. The X-ray tomography system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The linear array detector (21) is located directly below the X-ray source (11) and is used to receive the rays emitted by the X-ray source (11).

6. The X-ray tomography system according to claim 1, wherein: The scanning bed (2) is parallel to the guide rail (4).

7. The X-ray tomography system according to claim 1, wherein: A cooler (12) is provided on the turntable (14) for dissipating heat for the X-ray source (11); the industrial computer (20) controls the operation of the cooler (12), and the slip ring (17) provides power to the cooler (12).

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