Multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation. The control method comprises the steps of obtaining a current operation state of a power grid; judging whether the current operation state is a grid-connected mode or an off-grid mode according to the current operation state; if the current state is a grid-connected mode, generating an active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode; performing active power distribution on the micro-grid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode; if the current state is an off-grid mode, generating an active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode; and performing active power distribution on the micro-grid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode. According to the method, the running state of the power grid is acquired in real time, and the corresponding active power distribution instruction is generated according to the current grid-connected or off-grid mode, so that effective active power distribution of the micro-grid system in different running modes can be ensured, and the safety, stability and reliability of real-time running can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of microgrid control technology, and particularly relates to a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, distributed power generation sources generally have the characteristics of low overload capacity, small or no inertia, and sudden changes in load within the microgrid. These factors can easily cause microgrid system oscillation or even collapse, seriously restricting the development and application of microgrids.

[0003] Current microgrid architectures often use energy storage devices to maintain transient system stability and provide voltage and frequency support when necessary. However, there is currently no mature control method that uses energy storage devices alone and can meet the requirements for stable operation of microgrids in various operating modes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation.

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation, comprising: obtaining the current operating state of the power grid; judging whether it is a grid-connected mode or an off-grid mode according to the current operating state; if the current state is the grid-connected mode, generating an active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode; performing active power distribution on the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode; if the current state is the off-grid mode, generating an active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode; and performing active power distribution on the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, if the current state is the grid-connected mode, an active power distribution instruction under the grid-connected mode is generated, specifically including: if the current state is the grid-connected mode, a real-time power supply hot standby verification is performed under the grid-connected operation mode to obtain a grid-connected verification result; based on the grid-connected verification result, an active power distribution instruction under the grid-connected mode is generated.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, if the current state is the grid-connected mode, a real-time power supply hot standby check is performed in the grid-connected operation mode to obtain a grid-connected check result, specifically including: calculating the total load, the calculation formula is as follows: OLT = ∑ (u gen P gen +u ess P ess +u wt P wt +u pv P pv +u pg P pg); where OLT represents the total load, u gen Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the generator, P gen represents the power output of the generator, u ess Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the energy storage system, P ess represents the power output of the energy storage system, u wt Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the wind power system, Pw t Indicates the output power of the wind power system, u pv Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation system, P pv Represents the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system, u pg Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the power grid system, P pg Represents the output power of the power grid system; the total maximum output is calculated based on the total load, and the calculation formula is as follows: APT=∑(u gen P Ngen +u ess v ess P Ness +u ess (1-v ess )P ess +u wt P wt +u pv P pv +u pg P Npg );where P Ngen Indicates the maximum output of the generator, P Ness Indicates the maximum output of energy storage, P Npg Indicates the maximum output of the power grid system, v ess Indicates the energy storage efficiency. When energy storage participates in power response, v ess =1, when energy storage does not participate in power response, the maximum output of energy storage is P ess ; Based on the total load and the total maximum output, the hot standby check without considering load shedding is calculated as follows: RPI = APT-OLT-CAP; where CAP represents the correction variable; the first hot standby shortage is calculated as follows: A_RPI = RPI-RPI_TATIO×OLT; where RPI_TATIO represents the hot standby ratio without load shedding, with a value of 5% to 10%; based on the total load and the total maximum output, the hot standby check with considering load shedding is calculated as follows: RPI = APT-max{u gen P Ngen ,u ess v ess P Ness ,u ess (1-v ess )P ess ,uwt P wt ,u pv P pv}-OLT-CAP; calculate the online removable load, the calculation formula is as follows: ALT=∑P load Where, P load represents load power; calculating the second hot standby deficit using the following formula: B_RPI=RPI+ALT; verifying whether the first hot standby deficit or the second hot standby deficit exists to obtain the grid connection verification result: if only one of the first hot standby deficit and the second hot standby deficit is less than 0, enabling the cold standby in accordance with the case where the deficit is less than zero; if both the first hot standby deficit and the second hot standby deficit are less than 0, enabling the cold standby in accordance with the case where the absolute value is larger.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, according to the grid connection verification result, generating the active power distribution instruction in the grid connection mode, specifically comprising: calculating the grid connection power difference in the grid connection mode, the calculation formula is as follows: ΔPre=sum(u pv ×P pvmax +u wt ×P wtmax )+sum(u gen ×P gen_min )-P pl Where, P pvmax Indicates the maximum output power of each photovoltaic unit, P wtmax Indicates the maximum output power of each wind power generation unit, P gen_min Indicates the minimum output power of each generator unit, P pl Represents the reference power; if ΔPre>0, a first power allocation instruction is generated; if ΔPre<0, a second power allocation instruction is generated; the active power allocation instruction in the grid-connected mode includes the first power allocation instruction and the second power allocation instruction.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, active power distribution is performed on the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode, specifically including: if ΔPre>0, calculating the first current energy storage capacity; if the first current energy storage capacity does not reach the energy storage capacity upper limit, calculating the pre-charging power, and the calculation formula is as follows: Pre=min(sum(u ess ×(SOC max -SOC)×E N )×60 / 5,ΔPre); where SOC max Indicates the maximum state of charge of the energy storage system, SOC indicates the current state of charge, E N Represents the rated energy of the energy storage system; the energy storage reference power is calculated based on the pre-charge power, and the calculation formula is as follows: Pess_ref =max(P ess_max ,-Pre×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness )); where Pess_max represents the maximum input power of the energy storage system, P ness Represents the rated power of the energy storage system; charging is performed at the energy storage reference power; a new power difference is calculated based on the energy storage reference power, and the calculation formula is as follows: ΔPre 新 =ΔPre-abs(sum(u ess ×P ess_ref ); if the new power difference indicates that there is excess electricity, and the excess electricity can be fully connected to the grid or consumed, the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system operate at full load; if the new power difference indicates that it cannot be fully connected to the grid or consumed, the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system reduce the power generation in proportion; if ΔPre≤0, calculate the second current energy storage capacity; if the second current energy storage capacity does not reach the lower limit of the energy storage capacity, discharge at the energy storage reference power, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0010] P ess_ref =min(sum(u ess ×(SOC-SOC min ))×E N )×60 / 5,ΔPre)×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness );P ess_ref =min(P ess_max , P ess_ref ).

[0011] In an optional embodiment, if the current state is an off-grid mode, an active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode is generated, specifically including: if the current state is an off-grid mode, a real-time power supply hot standby verification is performed in the off-grid operation mode to obtain an off-grid verification result; based on the off-grid verification result, an active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode is generated; wherein, the calculation process of the off-grid verification result is the same as the calculation process of the grid-connected verification result.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, active power is distributed to the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode, specifically including: performing voltage regulation in the off-grid operation mode based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode; and performing active power distribution in the off-grid operation mode based on the voltage regulation.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, voltage regulation in the off-grid operation mode is performed based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode, specifically including: finding a reactive power source by detecting the bus connection point; adjusting the reactive power source to a constant voltage mode; obtaining the current node voltage in the constant voltage mode; if the current node voltage is higher than the set value upper limit, setting the energy storage voltage regulation droop coefficient K vess =0.001; if the current node voltage is lower than the set value lower limit, the energy storage voltage regulation droop coefficient K vess =-0.001; based on the energy storage voltage droop coefficient, the current energy storage reactive power reference value is calculated using the following formula: Q ess_ref =Q ess_ref / P ness +K vess ; If Q ess_ref >0, then take Q ess_ref =min(Q ess_ref ,Q nessmax )×P ness ; If Q ess_ref ≤0, then take Q ess_ref =max(Q ess_ref ,-Q nessmax )×P ness .

[0014] In an optional embodiment, active power distribution in an off-grid operation mode is performed based on the voltage regulation, specifically including: calculating the off-grid power difference in the off-grid mode, and the calculation formula is as follows: ΔPre=sum(u pv ×P pvmax +u wt ×P wtmax )+sum(u gen ×P gen_min )-P pl Where, P pvmax Indicates the maximum output power of each photovoltaic unit, P wtmax Indicates the maximum output power of each wind power generation unit, P gen_min Indicates the minimum output power of each generator unit, P pl Represents the reference power; if ΔPre>0, obtain the current power of the turbine generator; if the current power of the turbine generator is greater than 50% of the rated power, determine whether the fan is at maximum output, if not, set the fan output to P wt , the calculation formula is as follows, and the active power distribution is ended; ΔP gen =min(P gen -P gen_min ,sum(P wtmax -P wt_ref ));P wt_ref =u wt×P wt +ΔP gen ×u wt ×P wtmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax Δu pv ×P pvmax );where ΔP gen Indicates the power difference that the generator needs to adjust, P gen Indicates the current output power of the generator, P wt_ref Indicates the reference power of the wind turbine; if the wind turbine is at its maximum output, then determine whether the photovoltaic power plant is at its maximum output. If not, let the photovoltaic power plant output be P pv , the calculation formula is as follows, and the active power distribution is ended; ΔP gen =min(P gen -P gen_min ,sum(P pvmax -P pv_ref ));P pv_ref =u pv ×P pv +ΔP gen ×u wt ×P pvmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax +u pv ×P pvmax ); If the photovoltaic is at its maximum output, determine whether the current energy storage is in a discharge state. If so, set the energy storage discharge power to Pess_ref, calculated as follows, and end the active power distribution; Pre = max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max );ΔP ess_j =P gen -P gen_min ;P ess_ref =max(P ess_in +ΔP ess_j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness ),P re ); If ΔPre<0, it is determined that the current energy storage is in a charging state; when the current energy storage is in a charging state, it is determined whether the current energy storage has not reached the upper limit of the power, and if so, abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_refThe power is charged, and the calculation formula is as follows, otherwise the wind and solar power output is directly determined; Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max ); ΔPre _j =min(P wtmax -P wt_ re f,P gen_max -P gen )

[0015] P ess_ref =P ess_in -ΔPre _j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness );P ess_ref =max(Pre, P ess_ref ); calculate ΔPre=ΔPre+sum(P ess_ref ), if ΔPre>0, then the wind and solar power are fully generated; otherwise Determine whether the wind power is fully generated. If not, continue to determine whether the turbine generator power is less than the optimal power. If so, let P wt_ref =P wt_ref +min(P wtmax -P wt_ref , P gen -P gen_min ); If not, determine whether the current energy storage capacity has reached the upper limit, if not, determine abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The power is used for charging, and the calculation formula is as follows, otherwise it ends directly; Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max ); ΔPre _j =min(P wtmax -P wt_ref , P gen_max -P gen );P ess_ref =P ess_in -ΔPre _j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness );P ess_ref =max(Pre, Pess_ref ); Determine whether the photovoltaic power is fully generated. If not, continue to determine whether the turbine generator power is less than the optimal power. If so, let P pv_ref =(P pv_ref +min(P pvmax -P pv_ref , P gen -P gen_min )); If not, determine whether the current energy storage capacity has reached the upper limit, if not, determine whether abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The power is used for charging, and the calculation formula is as follows, otherwise it ends directly; Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max ); ΔPre _j =min(P pvmax -P pv_ref , P gen_max -P gen );P ess_ref =P ess_in -ΔPre _j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness );P ess_ref =max(Pre, P ess_ref ); Determine whether abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The power is used for charging, and the calculation formula is as follows, otherwise it ends directly; Pre=max(u ess ×(SOC-SOC min ) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essout_max ); Pre2 = max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max );P ess_ref =P ess_in +(P gen -P gen_min )×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness ); if P ess_ref >0, then P ess_ref=min(Pre,P ess_ref ); otherwise P ess_ref =max(Pre2, P ess_ref ); let ΔPre=ΔPre-sum(P ess_ref ), if the current energy storage capacity is less than the lower limit and is currently being discharged, the energy storage power is set to 0 and no longer discharged. The calculation formula is as follows: ΔPre=ΔPre-abs(P ess_in -P ess_ref ); Determine whether ΔPre≤P ngen -P gen_min If yes, then end; if not, then end with P pl_ref Load shedding, the calculation formula is as follows: P pl_ref =P pl -(ΔPre-(P ngen -P gen_min ))×u pl ×P pl / sum(u pl ×P pl ).

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by acquiring the operating status of the power grid in real time and generating corresponding active power allocation instructions based on the current grid-connected or off-grid mode, the present invention can ensure that the microgrid system can effectively distribute active power in different operating modes, thereby improving the safety of real-time operation. Specifically, in the grid-connected mode, active power allocation instructions are generated based on the demand and supply conditions of the power grid. Once the active power allocation instructions for the grid-connected mode are generated, these instructions are executed to distribute active power to the various components in the microgrid system. In the off-grid mode, active power allocation instructions are generated and executed to distribute power to the various components in the microgrid system, thereby ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the microgrid system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A flowchart of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A flow chart of power supply hot standby verification for a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A flowchart of active power allocation in a grid-connected operation mode of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Voltage regulation in off-grid operation mode of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 A flowchart of active power distribution in an off-grid operation mode of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 A topological diagram of a wind-solar-storage-diesel microgrid according to a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary coordination provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8a This is one of the data input diagrams of an example of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8b A second data input diagram of an example of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8c Figure 3 of the data input for an example of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9a This is one of the data input diagrams of an example of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9b A second data input diagram of an example of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9c Figure 3 of the data input for an example of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10a This is one of the data input diagrams of an example of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10b A second data input diagram of an example of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10c This is a third data input diagram of an example of a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is combined with Figure 1 to Figure 1 0 and Examples further describe the present application in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should also be noted that for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the drawings.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation, including the following steps:

[0037] Step S101: Acquire the current operating status of the power grid.

[0038] Step S102: Determine whether the current operation state is a grid-connected mode or an off-grid mode.

[0039] Step S103: If the current state is the grid-connected mode, an active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode is generated.

[0040] Step S104: performing active power distribution on the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode.

[0041] Step S105: If the current state is the off-grid mode, an active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode is generated.

[0042] Step S106: performing active power distribution to the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode.

[0043] In this embodiment, various data from the power grid, including voltage, current, frequency, and load demand, is collected and analyzed. Based on this collected data, it is determined whether the grid is connected to the main grid (i.e., in grid-connected mode) or operating independently (i.e., in off-grid mode). Grid-connected mode generally means that the grid can exchange power with the main grid, while off-grid mode means that the grid must independently meet all load demands. By acquiring the grid's operating status in real time and generating corresponding active power allocation instructions based on the current grid-connected or off-grid mode, the microgrid system can ensure effective active power allocation in different operating modes, thereby improving real-time operational security. In grid-connected mode, active power allocation instructions are generated based on the grid's demand and supply conditions. Once generated, these active power allocation instructions for grid-connected mode are executed to distribute active power among the various components in the microgrid system. For example, power distribution between wind turbines, photovoltaic systems, energy storage systems, and loads is adjusted to ensure stable grid operation. In off-grid mode, active power allocation instructions will be generated and executed to allocate power to various components in the microgrid system. For example, renewable energy will be given priority, energy storage systems will be properly dispatched, and backup generators will be started when necessary to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the microgrid system.

[0044] In addition, by distributing active power to the microgrid system under different operating modes, the load fluctuation of the power grid can be reduced and the stability can be improved. Flexible power distribution strategies can help optimize energy utilization and reduce energy waste.

[0045] The present invention can not only ensure that the turbine generator power operates under optimal conditions, but also effectively maintain the power of the energy storage battery to cope with various working conditions. It can also improve the utilization rate of wind turbine power generation and photovoltaic power generation, prevent the problems of wind and light abandonment, and at the same time take into account the stability of the large power grid; especially when the large power grid is out of power, it can ensure the reliability, stability and economy of the microgrid power supply.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention proposes a multi-microgrid power balance control method that takes into account multi-energy complementary coordination. It adopts a two-layer optimization scheduling method. The upper layer performs operation analysis and issues instructions based on predicted data and real-time data, and the lower layer performs real-time control based on the optimization results of the upper layer. For microgrids composed of photovoltaics, wind turbines, batteries, and generators, the present invention mainly considers the cost of purchasing electricity, equipment operation and maintenance costs, fuel costs, battery depreciation costs, and new energy consumption, while also considering the stability of the system. By controlling the charge state of the battery, a certain margin is left to cope with emergencies; when the AC / DC hybrid microgrid is in grid-connected and island modes, the load power demand is judged based on the power supply margin and the current real-time load, and the output of multiple power sources is effectively controlled to achieve the goal of power balance, thereby ensuring that the DC bus voltage is stable.

[0047] Based on step S103, if the current state is the grid-connected mode, an active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode is generated, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step S1031: If the current state is the grid-connected mode, then perform a real-time power hot standby verification in the grid-connected operation mode to obtain a grid-connected verification result;

[0049] Step S1032: Generate active power distribution instructions in the grid-connected mode according to the grid-connected verification result.

[0050] In this embodiment, real-time hot standby verification of power supplies in grid-connected operation ensures that the power supplies can quickly respond and provide the required power support when grid demand changes. Real-time hot standby verification of power supplies in grid-connected operation ensures sufficient hot standby capacity, ensuring a 5%-10% hot standby capacity to meet the power requirements of power sources (including turbine generators, wind power, photovoltaics, and energy storage) in the event of an N-1 fault disconnection, ensuring that the turbine does not experience underloading or overloading.

[0051] The grid-connected verification results guide the microgrid system on how to distribute active power in grid-connected mode, including adjusting generator output, managing the charging and discharging of energy storage systems, and optimizing power flow in the grid. This can ensure stable operation of the grid and meet grid dispatch requirements.

[0052] For ease of description, the following variables are defined:

[0053] OLT: total load;

[0054] APT: total maximum output;

[0055] ugen, uess, uwt, upv: binary variables indicating the online status of turbine, energy storage, wind power, and photovoltaic; vess: binary variable indicating whether energy storage participates in energy response, vess = 1 indicates participation in energy response, vess = 0 indicates non-participation in energy response; P gen : Current power of turbine generator; P ess : Energy storage charging and discharging power; P wt : current wind power; P pv : photovoltaic current power; P pg : large power grid power; P pl : real-time power of load; CAP: correction variable; P ness : Rated active power of energy storage; K vess : Energy storage voltage regulation droop coefficient; SOC: Current energy storage battery capacity (percentage%); SOC max : Energy storage capacity upper limit; SOC min : Lower limit of energy storage capacity.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, based on step S1031, if the current state is the grid-connected mode, a real-time power supply hot standby verification in the grid-connected operation mode is performed to obtain a grid-connected verification result, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] Step S10311: Calculate the total load using the following formula:

[0058] OLT=∑(u gen P gen +u ess P ess +u wt P wt +u pv P pv +u pg P pg );

[0059] Where, OLT represents the total load, u gen Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the generator, P gen represents the power output of the generator, u ess Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the energy storage system, P ess represents the power output of the energy storage system, u wt Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the wind power system, P wt Indicates the output power of the wind power system, u pv Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation system, P pv Represents the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system, u pg Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the power grid system, P pg Indicates the output power of the power grid system.

[0060] The total load is the sum of the power of all loads. The total load calculation here is based on the actual laboratory as an example, and is calculated from the total power output and the electricity meter. When applied to other scenarios, it needs to be calculated according to the actual meter, that is, total load = total real-time output ∑(turbine P gen +Energy Storage P ess + Wind Power P wt + Photovoltaic P pv +Grid P pg ). When the energy storage power is ≤0, the energy storage is charged and no energy storage is added at this time.

[0061] Step S10312: Calculate the total maximum output based on the total load. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0062] APT=∑(u gen P Ngen +u ess vess P Ness +u ess (1-v ess )P ess +u wt P wt +u pv P pv +u pg P Npg )

[0063] Where, P Ngen Indicates the maximum output of the generator, P Ness Indicates the maximum output of energy storage, P Npg Indicates the maximum output of the power grid system, v ess Indicates the energy storage efficiency. When energy storage participates in power response, v ess =1, when energy storage does not participate in power response, the maximum output of energy storage is P ess .

[0064] APT is the sum of the maximum output power of all power devices. Considering the energy storage efficiency and the maximum output power of the grid system, the total maximum output = the sum of the maximum output of online turbine generators + the maximum output of energy storage + the output of wind power + the output of photovoltaic power + the output of the grid. When energy storage can participate in power response, the maximum output of energy storage should be P Ness When energy storage does not participate in power response, the maximum output of energy storage is P ess .

[0065] Step S10313: Based on the total load and the total maximum output, calculate the hot standby check without considering load shedding. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0066] RPI=APT-OLT-CAP.

[0067] Where CAP represents the correction variable. Hot standby PRI = total maximum output - total load - correction variable.

[0068] Step S10314: Calculate the first hot standby shortage. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0069] A_RPI=RPI-RPI_TATIO×OLT;

[0070] Where RPI_TATIO represents the hot standby ratio when the load is not cut, and the value ranges from 5% to 10%;

[0071] Step S10315: Based on the total load and the total maximum output, calculate the hot standby check when considering load shedding. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0072] RPI=APT-max{u gen P Ngen ,uess v ess P Ness ,u ess (1-v ess )P ess ,u wt P wt ,u pv P pv}-OLT-CAP.

[0073] Calculate the online removable load using the following formula:

[0074] ALT=∑P load ;

[0075] Where, P load Indicates load power;

[0076] Step S10316: Calculate the second hot standby shortage. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0077] B_RPI=RPI+ALT;

[0078] Step S10317: Check whether there is a shortage of the first hot standby or the second hot standby, and obtain the grid connection verification result:

[0079] If only one of the first hot standby deficit and the second hot standby deficit is less than 0, the cold standby is started according to the case where the deficit is less than zero;

[0080] If both the first hot standby deficit and the second hot standby deficit are less than 0, the cold standby is enabled based on the larger absolute value.

[0081] In this embodiment, precise hot standby verification and active power distribution can reduce grid load fluctuations and improve grid operation quality. It can quickly respond to grid demand changes in grid-connected mode, improving system stability and reliability. In grid-connected mode, it can effectively interact with the main grid to achieve two-way power flow, helping to balance grid loads and improve the overall grid operation efficiency.

[0082] Since the reactive power output capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power is closely related to the active power output, and is affected by the randomness of wind and solar power, the reactive power of the system is mainly compensated by generators, SVG and energy storage, while wind power and photovoltaic power mainly ensure active power output.

[0083] First, determine whether the busbar connection point has a reactive power source (reactive power regulation devices such as turbines and SVGs). If not, continue along the path to the point with the smallest reactive power source to see if there is a reactive power source. Prioritize regulating the SVG. If it is not in constant voltage mode, adjust it to constant voltage mode. Determine whether the generator is online; if it is not, disable regulation of the generator's output. Determine whether the energy storage is in constant power mode. If not, do not participate in voltage regulation.

[0084] like Figure 4 As shown, based on step S1032, according to the grid connection verification result, an active power distribution instruction in the grid connection mode is generated, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0085] Step S10321: Calculate the grid-connected power difference in the grid-connected mode. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0086] ΔPre=sum(u pv ×P pvmax +u wt ×P wtmax )+sum(u gen ×P gen_min )-P pl ;

[0087] Where, P pvmax Indicates the maximum output power of each photovoltaic unit, P wtmax Indicates the maximum output power of each wind power generation unit, P gen_min Indicates the minimum output power of each generator unit, P pl Indicates the reference power.

[0088] Step S10322: If ΔPre>0, generate a first power allocation instruction.

[0089] Step S10323: If ΔPre<0, generate a second power allocation instruction.

[0090] The active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode includes a first power distribution instruction and a second power distribution instruction.

[0091] Step S104, performing active power distribution on the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode, specifically includes the following steps:

[0092] Step S1041: If ΔPre>0, calculate the first current energy storage capacity. If there is too much renewable energy generation, it is stored in the energy storage first; otherwise, skip to step S1048.

[0093] Step S1042: If the first current energy storage capacity does not reach the upper limit of energy storage capacity, the pre-charging power is calculated using the following formula:

[0094] Pre=min(sum(u ess ×(SOC max -SOC)×E N )×60 / 5,ΔPre).

[0095] Where, SOC maxIndicates the maximum state of charge of the energy storage system, SOC indicates the current state of charge, E N Indicates the rated energy of the energy storage system.

[0096] Step S1043: Calculate the energy storage reference power based on the pre-charge power. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0097] P ess_ref =max(P ess_max ,-Pre×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness )).

[0098] Where Pess_max represents the maximum input power of the energy storage system, P ness Indicates the rated power of the energy storage system.

[0099] Step S1044: Charging is performed using the energy storage reference power.

[0100] Step S1045: Calculate the new power difference based on the energy storage reference power. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0101] ΔPre 新 =ΔPre-abs(sum(u ess ×P ess_ref )).

[0102] Step S1046: If the new power difference indicates that there is excess power, and the excess power can be fully connected to the grid or consumed, the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system operate at full load.

[0103] Step S1047: If the new power difference indicates that the power cannot be fully connected to the grid or consumed, the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system reduce their power generation in proportion.

[0104] Step S1048: If ΔPre≤0, calculate the second current energy storage capacity. The current renewable energy generation is insufficient, so the wind and solar power are fully generated and the energy in the energy storage is released first.

[0105] Step S1049: If the second current energy storage capacity does not reach the lower limit of energy storage capacity, discharge at the energy storage reference power, calculated as follows:

[0106] P ess_ref =min(sum(u ess ×(SOC-SOC min ))×E N )×60 / 5,ΔPre)×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×Pness )

[0107] P ess_ref =min(P ess_max , P ess_ref ).

[0108] Further, based on step S105, if the current state is the off-grid mode, an active power allocation instruction in the off-grid mode is generated, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0109] Step S1051: If the current state is the off-grid mode, a real-time power hot standby verification in the off-grid operation mode is performed to obtain an off-grid verification result.

[0110] Step S1052: Generate an active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode according to the off-grid verification result.

[0111] The calculation process of the off-grid verification result is the same as the calculation process of the grid-connected verification result.

[0112] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, step S106: performing active power distribution to the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode, specifically includes the following steps:

[0113] Step S1061: performing voltage regulation in the off-grid operation mode based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode.

[0114] Step S1062: performing active power distribution in an off-grid operation mode based on voltage regulation.

[0115] Furthermore, step S1061, performing voltage regulation in the off-grid operation mode based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode, specifically includes the following steps:

[0116] Step S10611: Finding reactive power by detecting busbar connection points;

[0117] Step S10612: adjusting the reactive power supply to a constant voltage mode;

[0118] Step S10613: obtaining the current node voltage in constant voltage mode;

[0119] Step S10614: If the current node voltage is higher than the upper limit of the set value, the energy storage voltage regulation droop coefficient K is set. vess =0.001;

[0120] Step S10615: If the current node voltage is lower than the set value lower limit, the energy storage voltage regulation droop coefficient K is set. vess =-0.001;

[0121] Step S10616: Calculate the current energy storage reactive power reference value based on the energy storage voltage regulation droop coefficient. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0122] Q ess_ref =Q ess_ref / P ness +K vess ;

[0123] If Q ess_ref >0, then take Q ess_ref =min(Q ess_ref ,Q nessmax )×P ness ;

[0124] If Q ess_ref ≤0, then take Q ess_ref =max(Q ess_ref ,-Q nessmax )×P ness .

[0125] When off-grid, the diesel generator is prioritized as the primary power source, maintaining optimal power. The diesel generator's startup conditions require an average net load greater than zero, and battery charging and discharging SOC limits are set. If sufficient renewable energy power is available to offset the load, the generator operates at optimal power, with excess power used to charge the battery. If the generator reaches rated power but still cannot meet the net load, the battery bank is used to compensate for the net load. Furthermore, the battery is only charged by the generator when the net load falls below the minimum power level set by the generator. Batteries cannot be used independently of renewable energy to power the load.

[0126] When generators (diesel and gas generators) operate at low load levels, their power generation efficiency is low and their fuel consumption is close to full load. Therefore, to ensure that the power generation units operate at high efficiency, it is necessary to set a minimum power generation constraint for the units.

[0127]

[0128] Where, and Especially the upper and lower limits of generator output.

[0129] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, since the park-level multi-microgrid power generation system contains both DC bus and AC bus, a converter is required for rectification and inversion.

[0130] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, step S1062, performing active power distribution in the off-grid operation mode based on voltage regulation, specifically includes the following steps:

[0131] Step S10621: Calculate the off-grid power difference in off-grid mode. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0132] ΔPre=sum(u pv ×P pvmax +u wt ×P wtmax )+sum(u gen ×P gen_min )-P pl ;

[0133] Where, P pvmax Indicates the maximum output power of each photovoltaic unit, P wtmax Indicates the maximum output power of each wind power generation unit, P gen_min Indicates the minimum output power of each generator unit, P pl Indicates reference power;

[0134] Step S10622: If ΔPre>0, obtain the current power of the turbine generator;

[0135] Step S10623: If the current power of the turbine generator is greater than 50% of the rated power, determine whether the fan is at maximum output. If not, set the fan output to P. wt , the calculation formula is as follows, and the active power distribution is ended;

[0136] ΔP gen =min(P gen -P gen_min ,sum(P wtmax -P wt_ref ));

[0137] P wt_ref =u wt ×P wt +ΔP gen ×u wt ×P wtmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax +u pv ×P pvmax );

[0138] Where ΔP gen Indicates the power difference that the generator needs to adjust, P gen Indicates the current output power of the generator, P wt_ref Indicates the reference power of the wind turbine;

[0139] Step S10624: If the wind turbine is at its maximum output, determine whether the photovoltaic system is at its maximum output. If not, set the photovoltaic output to P. pv , the calculation formula is as follows, and the active power distribution is ended;

[0140] ΔP gen =min(P gen -P gen_min ,sum(P pvmax -P pv_ref ));

[0141] P pv_ref =u pv ×P pv +ΔP gen ×u wt ×P pvmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax +u pv ×P pvmax );

[0142] Step S10625: If the photovoltaic system is at its maximum output, determine whether the energy storage system is currently in a discharging state. If so, set the energy storage discharge power to Pess_ref, calculated using the following formula, and terminate active power distribution.

[0143] Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max );

[0144] ΔP ess_j =P gen -P gen_min ;

[0145] P ess_ref =max(P ess_in +ΔP ess_j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness ),P re );

[0146] Step S10626: If ΔPre<0, it is determined that the current energy storage is in a charging state;

[0147] Step S10627: When the current energy storage is in the charging state, determine whether the current energy storage has not reached the upper limit of the power. If so, continue to determine abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The power is charged, and the calculation formula is as follows, otherwise the wind and solar power output is directly determined;

[0148] Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOCmax -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max );

[0149] ΔPre _j =min(P wtmax -P wt_re f,P gen_max -P gen );

[0150] P ess_ref =P ess_in -ΔPre _j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness );

[0151] P ess_ref =max(Pre, P ess_ref );

[0152] Step S10628: Calculate ΔPre=ΔPre+sum(P ess_ref ), if ΔPre>0, then the wind and solar power are fully generated; otherwise

[0153] P wt_ref =u wt ×P wtmax -ΔPre×u wt ×P wtmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax +u pv ×P pvmax );

[0154] P pv_ref =u pv ×P pvmax -ΔPre×u wt ×P pvmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax +u pv ×P pvmax );

[0155] Step S10629: Determine whether the wind power is fully generated. If not, continue to determine whether the turbine generator power is less than the optimal power. If so, set P wt_ref =P wt_ref +min(P wtmax -P wt_ref , P gen -P gen_min ); If not, determine whether the current energy storage capacity has reached the upper limit. If not, then

[0156] Step S10630: Determine abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The charging power is calculated as follows, otherwise it ends directly;

[0157] Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max );

[0158] ΔPre _j =min(P wtmax -P wt_ref , P gen_max -P gen );

[0159] P ess_ref =P ess_in -ΔPre _j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness );

[0160] P ess_ref =max(Pre, P ess_ref )

[0161] Step S10631: Determine whether the photovoltaic power is fully generated. If not, continue to determine whether the turbine generator power is less than the optimal power. If so, set P pv_ref =(P pv_ref +min(P pvmax -P pv_ref , P gen -P gen_min )); If not, determine whether the current energy storage capacity has reached the upper limit, if not, then

[0162] Step S10632: Determine whether abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The charging power is calculated as follows, otherwise it ends directly;

[0163] Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max );

[0164] ΔPre _j =min(Ppvmax -P pv_ref , P gen_max -P gen );

[0165] P ess_ref =P ess_in -ΔPre _j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness );

[0166] P ess_ref =max(Pre, P ess_ref );

[0167] Step S10633: Determine whether abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The charging power is calculated as follows, otherwise it ends directly;

[0168] Pre=max(u ess ×(SOC-SOC min ) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essout_max );

[0169] Pre2=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×60 / 5,P essin_max );

[0170] P ess_ref =P ess_in +(P gen -P gen_min )×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness );

[0171] If P ess_ref >0, then P ess_re f=min(Pre,P ess_ref ); otherwise P ess_ref =max(Pre2, P ess_ref );

[0172] Step S10634: Let ΔPre = ΔPre - sum (P ess_ref ), if the current energy storage capacity is less than the lower limit and is currently being discharged, the energy storage power is set to 0 and no further discharge is performed. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0173] ΔPre=ΔPre-abs(P ess_in -P ess_ref );

[0174] Step S10635: Determine whether ΔPre≤P ngen -P gen_min If yes, then end; if not, then end with P pl_ref Load shedding, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0175] P pl_ref =P pl -(ΔPre-(P ngen -P gen_min ))×u pl ×P pl / sum(u pl ×P pl ).

[0176] The invention also provides an electronic device comprising: at least one processor; a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so as to enable the at least one processor to execute any one of the mathematical modeling methods for charging facility metering errors.

[0177] The present invention also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any one of the mathematical modeling methods for charging facility metering errors.

[0178] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct RAMbus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and RAMbus dynamic RAM (RDRAM). The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the embodiments of the apparatus, device, and non-volatile computer storage medium, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referenced to the partial description of the method embodiments.

[0179] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention herein is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features having similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation, characterized in that: include: Get the current operating status of the power grid; Determining whether the current operating state is a grid-connected mode or an off-grid mode; If the current state is the grid-connected mode, then generate the active power distribution instruction under the grid-connected mode; Distributing active power to the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode; If the current state is off-grid mode, then generate active power distribution instructions in off-grid mode; Active power is distributed to the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode.

2. The multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: If the current state is grid-connected mode, then the active power distribution instruction under the grid-connected mode is generated, including: If the current state is the grid-connected mode, then perform a real-time power hot standby check in the grid-connected operation mode to obtain a grid-connected check result; According to the grid connection verification result, an active power distribution instruction in the grid connection mode is generated.

3. The multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: If the current state is grid-connected mode, perform real-time power hot standby verification in grid-connected operation mode to obtain grid-connected verification results, including: Calculate the total load using the following formula: OLT=∑(u gen P gen +u ess P ess +u wt P wt +u pv P pv +u pg P pg ); Where, OLT represents the total load, u gen Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the generator, P gen represents the power output of the generator, u ess Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the energy storage system, P ess represents the power output of the energy storage system, u wt Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the wind power system, P wt Indicates the output power of the wind power system, u pv Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation system, P pv Represents the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system, u pg Indicates the number of units or utilization rate of the power grid system, P pg Indicates the output power of the power grid system; The total maximum output is calculated based on the total load, and the calculation formula is as follows: APT=∑(u gen P Ngen +u ess v ess P Ness +u ess (1-v ess )P ess +u wt P wt +u pv P pv +u pg P Npg ) Where, P Ngen Indicates the maximum output of the generator, P Ness Indicates the maximum output of energy storage, P Npg Indicates the maximum output of the power grid system, v ess Indicates the energy storage efficiency. When energy storage participates in power response, v ess =1, when energy storage does not participate in power response, the maximum output of energy storage is P ess ; Based on the total load and total maximum output, the hot standby check without considering load shedding is calculated as follows: RPI = APT-OLT-CAP; Where CAP represents the correction variable; Calculate the first hot standby shortage using the following formula: A_RPI=RPI-RPI_TATIO×OLT; Where RPI_TATIO represents the hot standby ratio when the load is not cut, and the value ranges from 5% to 10%; Based on the total load and total maximum output, the hot standby check is calculated taking into account load shedding. The calculation formula is as follows: RPI=APT-max{u gen P Ngen ,u ess v ess P Ness ,u ess (1-v ess )P ess ,u wt P wt ,u pv P pv }-OLT-CAP; Calculate the online removable load using the following formula: EVERYTHING=∑P load ; Where, P load Indicates load power; Calculate the second hot standby shortage using the following formula: B_RPI=RPI+ALT; Check whether there is a shortage of the first hot standby or the second hot standby, and obtain the grid connection verification result: If only one of the first hot standby deficit and the second hot standby deficit is less than 0, then the cold standby is started according to the case where the first hot standby deficit is less than zero; If both the first hot standby shortfall and the second hot standby shortfall are less than 0, the cold standby is enabled according to the one with the larger absolute value.

4. The multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Generating an active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode according to the grid-connected verification result, specifically comprising: In grid-connected mode, the grid-connected power difference is calculated using the following formula: ΔPre=sum(u pv ×P pvmax +u wt ×P wtmax )+sum(u gen ×P gen_min )-P pl ; Where, P pvmax Indicates the maximum output power of each photovoltaic unit, P wtmax Indicates the maximum output power of each wind power generation unit, P gen_min Indicates the minimum output power of each generator unit, P pl Indicates reference power; If ×Pre>0, a first power allocation instruction is generated; If ΔPre<0, a second power allocation instruction is generated; The active power allocation instruction in the grid-connected mode includes the first power allocation instruction and the second power allocation instruction.

5. The multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Active power distribution is performed on the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the grid-connected mode, specifically including: If ΔPre>0, calculate the first current energy storage capacity; If the first current energy storage capacity does not reach the upper limit of energy storage capacity, the pre-charging power is calculated according to the following formula: Pre=min(sum(u ess ×(SOC max -SOC)×E N )×60 / 5,ΔPre); Where, SOC max Indicates the maximum state of charge of the energy storage system, SOC indicates the current state of charge, E N Indicates the rated energy of the energy storage system; The energy storage reference power is calculated based on the pre-charge power, and the calculation formula is as follows: P ess_ref =max(P ess_max ,-Pre×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness )); Where Pess_max represents the maximum input power of the energy storage system, P ness Indicates the rated power of the energy storage system; Charging with the energy storage reference power; The new power difference is calculated based on the energy storage reference power, and the calculation formula is as follows: ΔPre 新 =ΔPre-abs(sum(u ess ×P ess_ref )); If the new power difference indicates that there is excess electricity, and the excess electricity can be fully connected to the grid or consumed, the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system operate at full load; If the new power difference indicates that it cannot be fully connected to the grid or consumed, the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system will reduce their power generation proportionally; If ΔPre≤0, calculate the second current energy storage capacity; If the second current energy storage capacity does not reach the lower limit of energy storage capacity, the energy storage reference power is discharged, and the calculation formula is as follows: P ess_ref =min(sum(u ess ×(SOC-SOC min ))×E N )×60 / 5,ΔPre)×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness )P ess_ref =min(P ess_max ,P ess_ref )。 6. The multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: If the current state is off-grid mode, then generate the active power distribution instruction in off-grid mode, including: If the current state is off-grid mode, perform real-time power hot standby verification in off-grid operation mode to obtain an off-grid verification result; generating an active power allocation instruction in the off-grid mode according to the off-grid verification result; The calculation process of the off-grid verification result is the same as the calculation process of the grid-connected verification result.

7. The multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Active power distribution is performed on the microgrid system based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode, specifically including: Performing voltage regulation in an off-grid operation mode based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode; Active power distribution in an off-grid operation mode is performed based on the voltage regulation.

8. The multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The voltage regulation in the off-grid operation mode is performed based on the active power distribution instruction in the off-grid mode, specifically including: Find reactive power by detecting busbar connection points; Adjusting the reactive power supply to a constant voltage mode; Obtaining the current node voltage in the constant voltage mode; If the current node voltage is higher than the set upper limit, the energy storage voltage regulation droop coefficient K is set to vess =0.001; If the current node voltage is lower than the set value lower limit, the energy storage voltage regulation droop coefficient K is set to vess =-0.001; The current energy storage reactive power reference value is calculated based on the energy storage voltage regulation droop coefficient. The calculation formula is as follows: Q ess_ref =Q ess_ref / P ness +K vess ; If Q ess_ref >0, then take Q ess_ref =min(Q ess_ref ,Q nessmax )×P ness ; If Q ess_ref ≤0, then take Q ess_ref =max(Q ess_ref ,-Q nessmax )×P ness .

9. The multi-microgrid power balance control method considering multi-energy complementary cooperation according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Active power distribution in an off-grid operation mode based on the voltage regulation specifically includes: In off-grid mode, the off-grid power difference is calculated using the following formula: ΔPre=sum(u pv ×P pvmax +u wt ×P wtmax )+sum(u gen ×P gen_min )-P pl ; Where, P pvmax Indicates the maximum output power of each photovoltaic unit, P wtmax Indicates the maximum output power of each wind power generation unit, P gen_min Indicates the minimum output power of each generator unit, P pl Indicates reference power; If ΔPre>0, obtain the current power of the turbine generator; If the current power of the turbine generator is greater than 50% of the rated power, it is determined whether the fan is at maximum output. If not, the fan output is set to P wt , the calculation formula is as follows, and the active power distribution is ended; ΔP gen =min(P gen -P gen_min ,sum(P wtmax -P wt_ref )); P wt_ref =u wt ×P wt +ΔP gen ×u wt ×P wtmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax +u pv ×P pvmax ); Where ΔP gen Indicates the power difference that the generator needs to adjust, P gen Indicates the current output power of the generator, P wt_ref Indicates the reference power of the wind turbine; If the wind turbine is at its maximum output, then determine whether the photovoltaic power plant is at its maximum output. If not, set the photovoltaic power plant output to P. pv , the calculation formula is as follows, and the active power distribution is ended; ΔP gen =min(P gen -P gen_min ,sum(P pvmax -P pv_ref )); P pv_ref =u pv ×P pv +ΔP gen ×u wt ×P pvmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax +u pv ×P pvmax ); If the photovoltaic power generation is at its maximum output, determine whether the energy storage is currently in a discharging state. If so, set the energy storage discharge power to Pess_ref, calculated using the following formula, and terminate active power distribution. Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×605,P essin_max ); ΔP ess_j =P gen -P gen_min ; P ess_ref =max(P ess_in +ΔP ess_j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness ),P re ); If ΔPre<0, it is judged that the current energy storage is in the charging state; When the current energy storage is in a charging state, it is determined whether the current energy storage has not reached the upper limit of the power. If so, continue to judge abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The power is charged, and the calculation formula is as follows, otherwise the wind and solar power output is directly determined; Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×605,P essin_max ); ΔPre _j =min(P wtmax -P wt_re f,P gen_max -P gen ); P ess_ref =P ess_in -ΔPre _j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness ); P ess_ref =max(Pre,P ess_ref ); Calculate ΔPre=ΔPre+sum(P ess_ref ), if ΔPre>0, then the wind and solar power are fully generated; otherwise P wt_ref =u wt ×P wtmax -ΔPre×u wt ×P wtmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax +u pv ×P pvmax ); P pv_ref =u pv ×P pvmax -ΔPre×u wt ×P pvmax / sum(u wt ×P wtmax +u pv ×P pvmax ); Determine whether the wind power is fully generated. If not, continue to determine whether the turbine generator power is less than the optimal power. If so, let P wt_ref =P wt_ref +min(P wtmax -P wt_ref , P gen -P gen_min ); If not, determine whether the current energy storage capacity has reached the upper limit. If not, then Determine abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The charging power is calculated as follows, otherwise it ends directly; Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC)100×E N ×605,P essin_max ); ΔPre _j =min(P wtmax -P wt_ref ,P gen_max -P gen ); P ess_ref =P ess_in -ΔPre _j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness ); P ess_ref =max(Pre,P ess_ref ) Determine whether the photovoltaic power is fully generated. If not, continue to determine whether the turbine generator power is less than the optimal power. If so, let P pv_ref =(P pv_ref +min(P pvmax -P pv_ref , P gen -P gen_min )); If not, determine whether the current energy storage capacity has reached the upper limit, if not, then Determine whether abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The charging power is calculated as follows, otherwise it ends directly; Pre=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC)100×E N ×605,P essin_max ); ΔPre _j =min(P pvmax -P pv_ref ,P gen_max -P gen ); P ess_ref =P ess_in -ΔPre _j ×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness ); P ess_ref =max(Pre,P ess_ref ); Determine whether abs(ΔPre+sum(P ess_in ))>0.5, if so, let the energy storage be P ess_ref The charging power is calculated as follows, otherwise it ends directly; Pre=max(u ess ×(SOC-SOC min ) / 100×E N ×605,P essout_max ); Pre2=max(-u ess ×(SOC max -SOC) / 100×E N ×605,P essin_max ); P ess_ref =P ess_in +(P gen -P gen_min )×u ess ×P ness / sum(u ess ×P ness ); If P ess_ref >0, then P ess_re f=min(Pre,P ess_ref ); otherwise P ess_ref =max(Pre2, P ess_ref ); Let ΔPre=ΔPre-sum(P ess_ref ), if the current energy storage capacity is less than the lower limit and is currently being discharged, the energy storage power is set to 0 and no further discharge is performed. The calculation formula is as follows: ΔPre=ΔPre-abs(P ess_in -P ess_ref ); Determine whether ΔPre≤P ngen -P gen_min If yes, then end; if not, then end with P pl_ref Load shedding, the calculation formula is as follows: P pl_ref =P pl -(ΔPre-(P ngen -P gen_min ))×u pl ×P pl / sum(u pl ×P pl )。

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