A magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercivity different attenuation rate

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercive force different attenuation rate, including stator, rotor and different rate magnetism unit, different rate magnetism unit includes high attenuation rate permanent magnet, low attenuation rate permanent magnet and iron core salient pole, the coercive force attenuation rate difference of high attenuation rate permanent magnet and low attenuation rate permanent magnet and magnetic field harmonic distribution exist mapping relationship.The beneficial effects of the present application are that under the mapping of different temperature rises and corresponding demagnetization curves, the corresponding coercivity of different permanent magnets can flexibly optimize the equivalent magnetomotive force, realize the magnetic field modulation under the condition of permanent magnet topology determination, under the design temperature rise condition, the permanent magnet maintains high coercivity state, the torque ripple is low and the efficiency is high, and under the condition of exceeding the design temperature rise, the magnetic field is adjusted by using the coercivity difference degree, the equivalent magnetomotive force is asymmetrically distributed, the magnetic field modulation effect is enhanced, the working harmonic content is rich, the output torque is significantly improved, and it is suitable for robot joint module and other application occasions requiring short-time overload operation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric machines, and more particularly, it relates to a magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercivity different decay rates. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of the electric machine industry, permanent magnet motors have a large number of applications in the industrial and transportation fields due to their advantages of high efficiency, high power density, and high reliability. Permanent magnet motors can be divided into rotor permanent magnet motors and stator permanent magnet motors according to the permanent magnet position, among which rotor permanent magnet motors are more mature and developed earlier. In recent decades, with the continuous development of permanent magnet materials and power electronic technology, magnetic field modulation motors have shown the characteristics of high reliability, high torque density, and large torque at low speed, thereby attracting widespread attention and research from researchers.

[0003] Rotor permanent magnet type magnetic field modulation motors use permanent magnet excitation, have no excitation armature winding copper loss, are relatively higher in efficiency, and have higher reliability without the problems of friction noise and electric spark caused by electric excitation armature winding. The stator armature winding of the rotor permanent magnet type magnetic field modulation motor is mostly a concentrated winding, which is convenient to process and manufacture, and the concentrated armature winding has good electromagnetic isolation and good fault tolerance performance. The armature winding coefficient is smaller, the inductance is smaller, and the electrical time constant is shorter.

[0004] However, the traditional rotor permanent magnet field modulation motor adopts a rotor permanent magnet-stator modulation pole structure, and usually adopts a concentrated winding to reduce end leakage and improve the armature magnetic field harmonic content, so that the air gap harmonic is complex, and the working harmonic is difficult to be oriented to be improved, thereby limiting the torque density and causing large torque ripple. The torque ripple can cause noise and vibration, and cause positioning errors. Therefore, air gap harmonic regulation has become a research hotspot in the field of rotor permanent magnet field modulation motors.

[0005] In recent years, scholars have done a lot of research on the air gap harmonic distortion suppression of rotor permanent magnet motors. Among them, Professor Niu Shuangxia of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology proposed a double magnetic field modulation cursor motor with double permanent magnets on the stator and rotor, which significantly enhances the air gap magnetic field by arranging permanent magnet excitation and modulation poles on the stator and rotor respectively, and realizes torque density improvement. Scholars Xu Ke of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics proposed embedding a Halbach permanent magnet array between the stator split teeth, and combining a direct current excitation winding to form a hybrid excitation modulation mechanism. The static magnetic field generated by the direct current excitation winding is modulated by the rotor salient pole, and interacts with the armature harmonic to realize flexible magnetic field regulation. Xie Ying team of Harbin University of Science and Technology proposed a double-stator main and auxiliary tooth structure with independent windings in the inner and outer stators. The main tooth continues the advantages of the split tooth, and the auxiliary tooth introduces additional harmonics to improve torque. The above methods can effectively adjust the air gap harmonic amplitude or composition, but they all use single permanent material excitation, and do not consider the one-way change of the temperature rise of the single material, which causes performance degradation of the motor when working. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercivity different decay rates.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercivity different decay rates, comprising a stator, a rotor and a different rate magnetic modulation unit, the stator comprising an armature coil, a stator tooth and a stator tooth permanent magnet, the rotor comprising a rotor core and a shaft, the different rate magnetic modulation unit being arranged on the rotor, the different rate magnetic modulation unit comprising a high decay rate permanent magnet, a low decay rate permanent magnet and a core salient pole,

[0009] The difference between the coercivity decay rate of the high decay rate permanent magnet and the coercivity decay rate of the low decay rate permanent magnet has a mapping relationship with the magnetic field harmonic distribution,

[0010] That is, the difference Δα between the coercivity decay rate of the high decay rate permanent magnet and the coercivity decay rate of the low decay rate permanent magnet has a mapping relationship with the modulation coefficient k, satisfying

[0011] k =ΔF / ΔHc(T), ΔHc(T) = (Hc H - Hc L ) - Δα·(T - T0),

[0012] Δα = |α H | - |α L | (|α H |>|α L |)

[0013] Wherein, k is the modulation coefficient, ΔF is the difference between the inter-pole magnetic motive force of the different rate magnetic modulation unit, Δα is the difference between the coercivity decay rates, T is the temperature, α H is the coercivity change rate of the high decay rate permanent magnet, α L is the coercivity change rate of the low decay rate permanent magnet, Hc H is the coercivity value of the high decay rate permanent magnet, Hc L is the coercivity value of the low decay rate permanent magnet, and T0 is the basic temperature when the motor is tested.

[0014] The difference between the coercivity of the high decay rate permanent magnet and the low decay rate permanent magnet under different temperature rises and corresponding demagnetization curve mapping is used to optimize the equivalent magnetic motive force, so as to facilitate the magnetic field modulation of the high decay rate permanent magnet and the low decay rate permanent magnet under the condition of determined topology,

[0015] In the design temperature rise working condition, the difference ΔHc(T) of the coercive force of the high decay rate permanent magnet and the low decay rate permanent magnet makes the magnetomotive force symmetrically distributed, and the high decay rate permanent magnet and the low decay rate permanent magnet maintain a high coercive force state,

[0016] In the working condition exceeding the design temperature rise, the difference ΔHc(T) of the coercive force decay rate of the high decay rate permanent magnet and the low decay rate permanent magnet makes the equivalent magnetomotive force present an asymmetric distribution.

[0017] Further, the high decay rate permanent magnet and the low decay rate permanent magnet are arranged in one of the following manners: simultaneously arranged on the stator to realize single-sided excitation; simultaneously arranged on the rotor to realize single-sided excitation; or simultaneously arranged on the stator and the rotor to realize double-sided excitation.

[0018] Further, the high decay rate permanent magnet adopts a negative temperature coefficient permanent magnet, the low decay rate permanent magnet adopts a positive temperature coefficient permanent magnet, or both the high decay rate permanent magnet and the low decay rate permanent magnet adopt negative temperature coefficient permanent magnets,

[0019] and satisfy ∣α H ∣>∣α L ∣.

[0020] Further, the different rate magnetic modulation unit is suitable for a motor using a permanent magnet excitation.

[0021] Further, in the working condition exceeding the design temperature rise, the different rate magnetic modulation unit improves the torque output capacity by adjusting the equivalent magnetomotive force and using the magnetic field modulation principle, wherein the magnetic field modulation principle satisfies the following relationship:

[0022] The number of the stator teeth Z s , the pole pair number of the different rate magnetic modulation unit P pm , and the pole pair number of the space armature magnetic field generated by the armature coil injecting a three-phase sinusoidal alternating current P a satisfy the following formula: P a = Z s - P pm .

[0023] Further, the design temperature rise working condition of the motor corresponds to a temperature rise range of no more than 40 degrees Celsius, so as to balance the rationality of motor design and the stability of operation.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the application has the following advantages:

[0025] (1) The invention installs the different speed rate magnetic regulating unit on the rotor, the difference of coercive force under different temperature rise and different demagnetization curve can flexibly optimize the equivalent magnetic motive force, under the design temperature rise working condition, the magnetic motive force is symmetrically distributed, the high attenuation rate permanent magnet and the low attenuation rate permanent magnet maintain high coercive force state, the torque ripple is low and the efficiency is high. Exceeding the design temperature rise working condition, the coercive force difference is used to adjust the magnetic field, the equivalent magnetic motive force is asymmetrically distributed, the magnetic field modulation effect is enhanced, the working harmonic content is rich, and the output torque is significantly improved.

[0026] (2) The invention adopts the double-sided permanent magnet excitation mode, improves the equivalent magnetic motive force amplitude through the double-sided permanent magnet superposition mode, and adjusts the magnetic motive force by the different speed rate magnetic regulating unit to enhance and optimize the air gap harmonic, relieve the local magnetic saturation of the iron core on the permanent magnet placement side of the single-sided permanent magnet structure, improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet, and use the air gap magnetic flux density amplitude as the harmonic strength evaluation index, which is determined by the product of the magnetic motive force and the magnetic conductance. The invention adds the stator slot permanent magnet on the basis of the rotor single-sided excitation, improves the magnetic motive force amplitude without changing the original magnetic conductance, and further improves the air gap magnetic flux density amplitude and enhances the air gap harmonic. Meanwhile, the number of stator teeth Z s , the number of stator side permanent magnets Z pm , the pole pair number P of the different speed rate magnetic regulating unit pm , the number of rotor side iron core salient poles Z r , and the pole pair number P of the space armature magnetic field generated by the three-phase sinusoidal alternating current injected by the armature coil a satisfy the following formula: Z s - P pm = Z pm - Z r = P a The permanent magnet magnetic field excited by the double-sided permanent magnets in the air gap is modulated, and the harmonic order is the same as the working harmonic and is superimposed on each other, further enhancing the amplitude of the working harmonic in the permanent magnet magnetic field, and the coupled output of the enhanced permanent magnet magnetic field and the armature magnetic field is greater torque, improving the torque density of the motor. The permanent magnets on the stator side are placed in the stator slot, and the permanent magnets on the rotor side are all surface-mounted on the rotor, which has a simple structure and high reliability.

[0027] (3) Compared with the traditional rotor permanent magnet type motor, the invention does not introduce complex structure to improve the manufacturing process, and by setting a gap between adjacent rotor magnetic poles, the magnetic resistance between adjacent permanent magnets is improved without increasing the length of the air gap, effectively reducing the magnetic leakage between permanent magnets, improving the utilization rate of permanent magnets, and having good development prospects in electric vehicles, mechanical arms and other occasions requiring low speed and high quality torque output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a profile view along the axis of a magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercivity different decay rate;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a radial section view of a magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercivity different decay rate;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of a rotor of a magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercivity different decay rate;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a comparison chart of the output torque value of the motor of the application and the output torque value of the traditional motor at 40 degrees Celsius;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a comparison chart of the output torque value of the motor of the application and the output torque value of the traditional motor at 60 degrees Celsius;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a comparison chart of the output torque value of the motor of the application and the output torque value of the traditional motor at 80 degrees Celsius;

[0034] In the figure: stator 1, rotor 2, magnetic field modulation unit 3 of different rates, armature coil 101, stator tooth 102, permanent magnet between stator teeth 103, rotor core 201, shaft 202, high decay rate permanent magnet 301, low decay rate permanent magnet 302, core salient pole 303. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 6 Further illustrate the embodiments of the application.

[0036] Based on the exploration of new stator permanent magnet synchronous motor and motor air gap harmonic suppression technology, the application discloses a mixed permanent magnet motor based on air gap harmonic different rate regulation, the armature winding of which is arranged on the stator, and the motor is of brushless structure and has high running stability. After the armature winding is connected with three-phase sinusoidal alternating current, a rotating armature magnetic field can be generated in the air gap, which is coupled with the permanent magnet magnetic field modulated through the stator teeth, so as to realize electromechanical energy conversion.

[0037] In order to realize the magnetic field modulation, the application sets the heterogeneous speed rate magnetic modulation unit 3 on the rotor 2 side, uses the difference of the coercive force of the heterogeneous permanent magnet material under different temperature rises and the corresponding demagnetization curve mapping, flexibly optimizes the equivalent magnetic motive force, under the design temperature rise working condition, the magnetic motive force is symmetrically distributed, the high attenuation rate permanent magnet 301 and the low attenuation rate permanent magnet 302 maintain the high coercive force state, the torque ripple is low and the efficiency is high. Exceeding the design temperature rise working condition, the coercive force difference of the high attenuation rate permanent magnet 301 and the low attenuation rate permanent magnet 302 is used to adjust the magnetic field, the equivalent magnetic motive force is asymmetrically distributed, the magnetic field modulation effect is enhanced, the working harmonic content is rich, and the output torque is significantly improved. The structure is simple and solid, and is suitable for high-speed occasions.

[0038] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 ,

[0039] A magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercive force heterogeneous attenuation rate, comprising a stator 1, a rotor 2 and a heterogeneous speed rate magnetic modulation unit 3, the stator 1 comprises an armature coil 101, a stator tooth 102 and a stator tooth permanent magnet 103, the rotor 2 comprises a rotor core 201 and a shaft 202, the heterogeneous speed rate magnetic modulation unit 3 is arranged on the rotor 2, the heterogeneous speed rate magnetic modulation unit 3 comprises a high attenuation rate permanent magnet 301, a low attenuation rate permanent magnet 302 and a core salient pole 303, the difference between the coercive force attenuation rate of the high attenuation rate permanent magnet 301 and the coercive force attenuation rate of the low attenuation rate permanent magnet 302 has a mapping relationship with the magnetic field harmonic distribution,

[0040] That is, the difference Δα between the coercive force attenuation rate of the high attenuation rate permanent magnet 301 and the coercive force attenuation rate of the low attenuation rate permanent magnet (302) has a mapping relationship with the modulation coefficient k, which satisfies k = ΔF / ΔHc(T), ΔHc(T) = (Hc H -Hc L ) - Δα·(T - T0),

[0041] Δα = |α H | - |α L | (|α H |>|α L |)

[0042] Wherein, k is the modulation coefficient, ΔF: is the difference of the heterogeneous speed rate magnetic modulation unit inter-pole magnetic motive force, Δα: is the difference of the coercive force attenuation rate, T: temperature, α H : the coercive force change rate of the high attenuation rate permanent magnet 301, α L : the coercive force change rate of the low attenuation rate permanent magnet 302, Hc H: Coercive force value of high demagnetization rate permanent magnet 301, Hc L : Coercive force value of low demagnetization rate permanent magnet 302, T0: Base temperature when testing the motor.

[0043] The difference in coercive force of high demagnetization rate permanent magnet 301 and low demagnetization rate permanent magnet 302 under different temperature rise and corresponding demagnetization curve mapping is used to optimize the equivalent magnetomotive force, so as to realize the magnetic field modulation of high demagnetization rate permanent magnet 301 and low demagnetization rate permanent magnet 302 under the condition of topology determination.

[0044] Under the design temperature rise working condition, the difference ΔHc(T) in coercive force decay rate of high demagnetization rate permanent magnet 301 and low demagnetization rate permanent magnet 302 makes the magnetomotive force symmetrically distributed, and high demagnetization rate permanent magnet 301 and low demagnetization rate permanent magnet 302 maintain high coercive force state, so as to make the torque ripple low and the efficiency high.

[0045] When exceeding the design temperature rise working condition, the difference ΔHc(T) in coercive force decay rate of high demagnetization rate permanent magnet 301 and low demagnetization rate permanent magnet 302 is used to adjust the magnetic field to make the equivalent magnetomotive force present asymmetric distribution, the magnetic field modulation effect is enhanced, the working harmonic content is rich, the output torque is significantly improved, the structure is simple and solid, and it is suitable for high speed occasions.

[0046] Under the operating condition of exceeding the design temperature rise, the isovelocity magnetic adjustment unit 3 adjusts the equivalent magnetomotive force to improve the torque output capacity by using the magnetic field modulation principle, wherein the magnetic field modulation principle satisfies the following relationship:

[0047] The number Z of stator teeth 102 s , the pole pair number P of the isovelocity magnetic adjustment unit 3 pm , and the pole pair number P of the space armature magnetic field generated by injecting three-phase sinusoidal alternating current into the armature coil 101 a , which satisfy the following formula: P a = Z s -P pm .

[0048] The arrangement of high demagnetization rate permanent magnet 301 and low demagnetization rate permanent magnet 302 is one of the following: arranged on stator 1 at the same time to realize single-sided excitation; arranged on rotor 2 at the same time to realize single-sided excitation; or arranged on stator 1 and rotor 2 at the same time to realize double-sided excitation.

[0049] The application adopts the double-sided permanent magnet excitation mode, improves the equivalent magnetic motive force amplitude through the double-sided permanent magnet superposition mode, adjusts the magnetic motive force by the different speed rate magnetic adjusting unit, enhances and optimizes the air gap harmonic, relieves the local magnetic saturation of the single-sided permanent magnet structure permanent magnet setting side iron core, improves the utilization rate of the permanent magnet, the air gap harmonic strength adopts the air gap magnetic density amplitude as the harmonic strength evaluation index, the value is determined by the product of the magnetic motive force and the magnetic conductance, the application adds the stator slot permanent magnet on the basis of the single-sided excitation rotor, improves the magnetic motive force amplitude without changing the original magnetic conductance, and further improves the air gap magnetic density amplitude and enhances the air gap harmonic; meanwhile, the number of the stator teeth Z s , the number of the stator side permanent magnets Z pm , the pole pair number P of the different speed rate magnetic adjusting unit pm , the number of the rotor side iron core salient poles Z r , and the pole pair number P of the space armature magnetic field generated by the three-phase sinusoidal alternating current injected by the armature coil a meet the following formula: Z s - P pm = Z pm - Z r = P a , the harmonic order of the modulated permanent magnetic field excited by the double-sided permanent magnets in the air gap is the same as the working harmonic and is superimposed on each other, further enhances the amplitude of the working harmonic in the permanent magnetic field, the enhanced permanent magnetic field is coupled with the armature magnetic field, improves the torque output capacity, improves the torque density of the motor, the permanent magnets on the stator side are replaced in the stator slot, the rotor side permanent magnets are all surface-mounted on the rotor, the structure is simple and the reliability is high.

[0050] The high decay rate permanent magnet 301 adopts the negative temperature coefficient permanent magnet, the low decay rate permanent magnet 302 adopts the positive temperature coefficient permanent magnet, or the high decay rate permanent magnet 301 and the low decay rate permanent magnet 302 both adopt the negative temperature coefficient permanent magnet, and meet the formula: |α H | > |α L |, so that the high decay rate permanent magnet 301 and the low decay rate permanent magnet 302 can flexibly adopt the combination of the negative temperature coefficient permanent magnet or the positive temperature coefficient permanent magnet according to the motor operating condition requirements.

[0051] The different speed rate magnetic adjusting unit 3 is suitable for the motor adopting the permanent magnet excitation, such as the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor, the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and the permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor.

[0052] The design temperature rise condition of the motor corresponds to the temperature rise range of not more than 40 degrees Celsius, so as to take into account the rationality of the motor design and the stability of the operation.

[0053] Compared with the conventional rotor permanent magnet type motor, the application does not introduce complex structure to cause the improvement of manufacturing process, and by setting the gap between the adjacent rotor magnetic poles, the magnetic resistance between the adjacent permanent magnets is improved without additional increase of air gap length, the magnetic leakage between the permanent magnets is effectively reduced, the utilization rate of the permanent magnet is improved, and the application has good development prospect in the occasions such as electric vehicles, mechanical arms and other occasions requiring low speed and high torque output.

[0054] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the application.

[0055] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] The control mode of the present application is automatically controlled by the controller, and the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming of those skilled in the art, the power supply also belongs to the common knowledge in the art, and the present application is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control mode and circuit connection of the present application will not be explained in detail.

[0057] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application, and those skilled in the art can make usual changes and replacements within the technical solution range of the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A magnetic field modulation motor based on mixed permanent magnet coercivity different decay rates, comprising a stator (1), a rotor (2) and a different rate magnetic modulation unit (3), the stator (1) comprising an armature coil (101), a stator tooth (102) and a stator tooth permanent magnet (103), the rotor (2) comprising a rotor core (201) and a shaft (202), the different rate magnetic modulation unit (3) being arranged on the rotor (2), the different rate magnetic modulation unit (3) comprising a high decay rate permanent magnet (301), a low decay rate permanent magnet (302) and a core salient pole (303), a difference between a coercivity decay rate of the high decay rate permanent magnet (301) and a coercivity decay rate of the low decay rate permanent magnet (302) and a magnetic field harmonic distribution have a mapping relationship, a difference between the coercivity of the high decay rate permanent magnet (301) and the low decay rate permanent magnet (302) under different temperature rises and corresponding demagnetization curve mapping is used to optimize the equivalent magnetomotive force, so as to facilitate the magnetic field modulation of the high decay rate permanent magnet (301) and the low decay rate permanent magnet (302) under the condition of topology determination, under the design temperature rise working condition, the coercivity difference ΔHc(T) of the high decay rate permanent magnet (301) and the low decay rate permanent magnet (302) makes the magnetomotive force symmetrically distributed, the high decay rate permanent magnet (301) and the low decay rate permanent magnet (302) maintain a high coercivity state, when the temperature rise exceeds the design temperature rise working condition, the coercivity decay rate difference ΔHc(T) of the high decay rate permanent magnet (301) and the low decay rate permanent magnet (302) makes the equivalent magnetomotive force present asymmetric distribution, the setting mode of the high decay rate permanent magnet (301) and the low decay rate permanent magnet (302) is one of the following: simultaneously arranged on the stator (1) to realize single-sided excitation; simultaneously arranged on the rotor (2) to realize single-sided excitation; or simultaneously arranged on the stator (1) and the rotor (2) to realize double-sided excitation, the different rate magnetic modulation unit (3) is suitable for a motor using permanent magnet excitation, under the operating condition of exceeding the design temperature rise, the different rate magnetic modulation unit (3) improves the torque output capacity by adjusting the equivalent magnetomotive force using the magnetic field modulation principle, wherein the magnetic field modulation principle satisfies the following relationship: the design temperature rise working condition of the motor corresponds to a temperature rise range of not more than 40 degrees Celsius, in order to take into account the rationality of motor design and the stability of operation. characterized in that ​ That is, the difference Δα between the coercivity decay rate of the high-decay-rate permanent magnet (301) and the coercivity decay rate of the low-decay-rate permanent magnet (302) and the modulation coefficient k are in a mapping relationship, satisfying k = ΔF / ΔHc(T), ΔHc(T) = (Hc H - Hc L )- Δα·(T- T0), Δα = |α H |- |α L | (|α H | > |α L |) wherein k is a modulation coefficient, ΔF: is a difference in magnetic motive force between the poles of the variable-rate magnetizing unit, Δα: is a difference in coercive force decay rate, T: is temperature, and α H : coercive force change rate of the high-decay-rate permanent magnet (301) L : coercive force change rate of the low-decay-rate permanent magnet (302) H : coercive force value of the high-decay-rate permanent magnet (301) L : coercive force value of the low-decay-rate permanent magnet (302) : base temperature at which the motor is tested ​ ​ ​ 2. The magnetic field modulation motor based on hybrid permanent magnet coercivity and dissipation rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 3. The magnetic field modulation motor based on hybrid permanent magnet coercivity dissymmetrical decay rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-decay-rate permanent magnet (301) adopts a negative temperature coefficient permanent magnet, the low-decay-rate permanent magnet (302) adopts a positive temperature coefficient permanent magnet, or the high-decay-rate permanent magnet (301) and the low-decay-rate permanent magnet (302) both adopt negative temperature coefficient permanent magnets, and satisfy ∣α H ∣>∣α L ∣.

4. The magnetic field modulation motor based on hybrid permanent magnet coercivity dissymmetrical decay rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 5. The magnetic field modulation motor based on hybrid permanent magnet coercivity dissymmetrical decay rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ The number of the stator teeth (102) Z s The pole pair number of the variable-speed magnetic-field adjusting unit (3) P pm And the pole pair number of the space armature magnetic field generated by the armature coil (101) when injecting three-phase sinusoidal alternating current P a And the following formula is satisfied among the three: P a = Z s - P pm .

6. The magnetic field modulation motor based on hybrid permanent magnet coercivity dissymmetrical decay rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​

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