Photovoltaic power generation equipment and photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The invention discloses photovoltaic power generation equipment and a photovoltaic power generation system. The photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic device and a biological carbon sequestration device, the photovoltaic device comprises a first shell, a photovoltaic module and a hydrogel layer, the first shell is provided with a first containing cavity, the photovoltaic module is arranged in the first containing cavity, and the hydrogel layer is of a porous structure and can adsorb CO2. The biological carbon sequestration device comprises a second shell, the second shell is provided with a second containing cavity, the second containing cavity is communicated with the first containing cavity, and the second containing cavity is used for containing photoautotrophic organisms. At night, the photoautotrophic organisms perform respiration to generate CO2, and the CO2 can flow into the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity and is captured through Van der Waals force; in the daytime, the temperature of the hydrogel layer rises, CO2 adsorbed by the hydrogel layer is released and flows into the second containing cavity, the concentration of CO2 in the second containing cavity is increased, photosynthesis of photoautotrophic organisms is enhanced, and then the carbon sequestration efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic power generation device and a photovoltaic power generation system. Background Art

[0002] As global climate change becomes increasingly severe, problems such as high temperatures, frequent extreme weather events, and ecosystem degradation are gradually emerging, posing a serious threat to the survival and sustainable development of human society. Against this backdrop, carbon neutrality has become a core strategy for addressing the climate crisis. Achieving carbon neutrality not only helps control greenhouse gas emissions and slow global warming, but also creates new development opportunities for promoting the transition of the economy towards a low-carbon, greener future.

[0003] Among numerous clean energy technologies, photovoltaic power generation is widely considered a key support for achieving carbon neutrality due to its zero-carbon emissions and renewable nature. PV systems generate electricity by absorbing solar energy, a process that does not release greenhouse gases like CO2, significantly reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels. Some technologies incorporate photosynthetic autotrophic organisms such as vegetation or algae beneath PV panels to achieve the carbon sequestration benefits of PV power plants. However, existing PV power plants are limited by the CO2 concentration in their environment, resulting in low carbon sequestration efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation device that can be used for photovoltaic power generation and has a higher carbon sequestration efficiency.

[0005] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic power generation system comprising the above photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic power generation device includes a photovoltaic device and a biological carbon fixation device;

[0007] The photovoltaic device includes a first housing, a photovoltaic assembly, and a hydrogel layer. The first housing has a first housing cavity and a first illumination port connected to the first housing cavity. The photovoltaic assembly has an illumination surface for receiving sunlight, so that the photovoltaic assembly converts light energy into electrical energy. The photovoltaic assembly is disposed in the first housing cavity, and the illumination surface is exposed from the first illumination port so that sunlight can illuminate the illumination surface from the first illumination port to convert light energy into electrical energy. The hydrogel layer has a porous structure, and the diameter of the pores in the hydrogel layer is not less than 0.3 nm. The hydrogel layer is used to adsorb CO2, and the hydrogel layer is located in the first housing cavity. The biological carbon fixation device includes a second housing, the second housing has a second housing cavity, and a second illumination port connected to the second housing cavity. The second housing cavity is connected to the first housing cavity. The second housing cavity is used to accommodate photosynthetic autotrophic organisms. Sunlight can illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the second housing cavity through the second illumination port, so that the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms undergo photosynthesis.

[0008] The photovoltaic power generation equipment according to the embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0009] In this embodiment, the hydrogel layer has a porous structure, and the diameter of the pores in the hydrogel layer is not less than 0.3 nm, so as to provide more CO2 attachment points, thereby improving the hydrogel layer's ability to adsorb CO2. Since the first and second accommodating chambers are connected, at night, external air enters the second accommodating chamber through the second opening to provide respiration for the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms. The CO2 produced by the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms during respiration can flow into the first accommodating chamber, and the hydrogel layer captures the CO2 through van der Waals forces. During the day, the temperature of the hydrogel layer rises, and the high temperature can weaken the strength of the van der Waals forces, causing the CO2 adsorbed by the hydrogel layer to be released and flow into the second accommodating chamber, thereby increasing the concentration of CO2 in the second accommodating chamber, enhancing photosynthesis by the photosynthetic autotrophs, and thereby improving the carbon sequestration efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation device of this embodiment.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation device further includes an air pump, the first shell further has a first opening communicating with the first accommodating cavity, and the air pump is connected to the first opening.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation device further includes an oxygen permeable membrane, and the oxygen permeable membrane is disposed at the second opening.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first shell further has a third opening communicating with the first accommodating cavity, the first accommodating cavity is communicated with the second accommodating cavity through the third opening, and the first opening is located on a side of the hydrogel layer away from the third opening.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the pores of the hydrogel layer is not less than 0.33 nm, the hydrogel layer is capable of absorbing water vapor, and the hydrogel layer is connected to the surface of the photovoltaic module opposite to the light-exposed surface.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic component and the hydrogel layer are both light-transmitting structures, the first shell and the second shell are connected to form an integrated outer shell, and the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity form an overall accommodating space, and sunlight can pass through the photovoltaic component and the hydrogel layer and illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the accommodating space.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the accommodation space has markings, and the markings are configured to indicate the boundaries of the growth area of ​​the photoautotrophic organisms;

[0016] A direction from the photovoltaic module to the hydrogel layer is defined as a first direction, wherein the hydrogel layer and the mark are spaced apart in the first direction;

[0017] In a first direction, the hydrogel layer has a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and an air channel running through the first surface and the second surface.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation equipment further includes a bracket and a pipe, the photovoltaic device and the biological carbon fixation device are both connected to the bracket, the photovoltaic device is located above the biological carbon fixation device, and a light gap is provided between the photovoltaic device and the biological carbon fixation device, so that sunlight can illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the second accommodation chamber through the light gap;

[0019] One end of the tube is connected to the third opening, and the other end is connected to the second accommodating cavity.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom surface of the bracket is a supporting surface, the supporting surface is used to connect to an external mounting structure, and the lighting surface is arranged to be inclined upward relative to the supporting surface.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the biological carbon fixation device further includes a shielding cover, which is a light-transmitting structure. The shielding cover is connected to the second shell and covers the second light port.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first accommodating cavity has a first wall disposed opposite to the first illumination port, and a direction from the photovoltaic assembly to the hydrogel layer is defined as a first direction. In the first direction, the hydrogel layer is spaced apart from the first wall, and the third opening is located between the hydrogel layer and the first wall.

[0023] In a first direction, the hydrogel layer has a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and an air channel running through the first surface and the second surface.

[0024] According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation system includes a photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module and the photovoltaic power generation equipment of the first embodiment. The photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module is located in the second accommodating cavity and is capable of photosynthesis and respiration.

[0025] The photovoltaic power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] In the photovoltaic power generation device of the first embodiment, the hydrogel layer in the photovoltaic power generation device has a porous structure, and the diameter of the pores in the hydrogel layer is not less than 0.3 nm, so as to provide more CO2 attachment points, thereby improving the hydrogel layer's ability to adsorb CO2. Because the first and second accommodating chambers are connected, at night, external air enters the second accommodating chamber through the second opening to facilitate respiration by the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms. The CO2 produced by the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms during respiration can flow into the first accommodating chamber, where it is captured by the hydrogel layer through van der Waals forces. During the day, the temperature of the hydrogel layer rises, and the high temperature can weaken the strength of the van der Waals forces, causing the CO2 adsorbed by the hydrogel layer to be released and flow into the second accommodating chamber, thereby increasing the CO2 concentration in the second accommodating chamber, enhancing photosynthesis by the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms, and thereby improving the carbon sequestration efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation device of this embodiment.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module includes a nutrient solution and spirulina, and the spirulina is located in the nutrient solution.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first photovoltaic power generation device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2This is a schematic structural diagram of a second photovoltaic power generation device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic power generation device;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of area A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a first photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a second photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] Photovoltaic device 100, first housing 110, first accommodating cavity 111, first illumination port 112, first opening 113, third opening 114, photovoltaic assembly 120, illumination surface 121, hydrogel layer 130;

[0038] Biological carbon fixation device 200, second housing 210, second accommodating cavity 211, second illumination port 212, second opening 213;

[0039] Bracket 300, support surface 310;

[0040] pipe 400, light-illuminating gap 500;

[0041] Housing 600, accommodating space 610, label 611;

[0042] Air pump 700, photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module 800. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, "several" means more than one, "plurality" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the exemplary expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0048] As global climate change becomes increasingly severe, problems such as high temperatures, frequent extreme weather events, and ecosystem degradation are gradually emerging, posing a serious threat to the survival and sustainable development of human society. Against this backdrop, carbon neutrality has become a core strategy for addressing the climate crisis. Achieving carbon neutrality not only helps control greenhouse gas emissions and slow global warming, but also creates new development opportunities for promoting the transition of the economy towards a low-carbon, greener future.

[0049] Among numerous clean energy technologies, photovoltaic power generation is widely considered a key support for achieving carbon neutrality due to its zero-carbon emissions and renewable nature. PV systems generate electricity by absorbing solar energy, a process that does not release greenhouse gases like CO2, significantly reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels. Some technologies incorporate photosynthetic autotrophic organisms such as vegetation or algae beneath PV panels to achieve the carbon sequestration benefits of PV power plants. However, existing PV power plants are limited by the CO2 concentration in the environment, resulting in low carbon sequestration efficiency.

[0050] In view of the above background, the present invention proposes a novel photovoltaic power station carbon sequestration system that can improve carbon sequestration efficiency. The photovoltaic power generation equipment of this embodiment includes a photovoltaic device and a biological carbon sequestration device 200.

[0051] Reference Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 1This is a structural diagram of a first photovoltaic power generation device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second photovoltaic power generation device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of photovoltaic power generation equipment, Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of area A in the middle. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first photovoltaic power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The photovoltaic power generation equipment of this embodiment includes a photovoltaic device and a biological carbon fixation device 200.

[0052] The photovoltaic device 100 includes a first housing 110, a photovoltaic assembly 120, and a hydrogel layer 130 (e.g., Figure 4 As shown, the first housing 110 has a first accommodating cavity 111, a first illumination port 112 in communication with the first accommodating cavity 111, and a first opening 113. The photovoltaic assembly 120 has an illumination surface 121 for receiving sunlight. The photovoltaic assembly 120 is disposed in the first accommodating cavity 111, and the illumination surface 121 is exposed from the first illumination port 112, so that sunlight can illuminate the illumination surface 121 through the first illumination port 112, thereby converting light energy into electrical energy. The first opening 113 is for gas flow. The hydrogel layer 130 has a porous structure, and the diameter of the pores of the hydrogel layer 130 is greater than or equal to 0.3 nm. For example, the pores of the hydrogel layer 130 are 0.3 nm, 0.4 nm, or 0.7 nm. The hydrogel layer 130 is located in the first accommodating cavity 111 and is used to adsorb CO2. For example, the hydrogel layer 130 is formed by processing a hydrogel modified with an amino functional group or a basic group through 3D printing, a solvent evaporation method, or a sedimentation gel method. Specifically, taking an amino functional group-modified hydrogel as an example, the hydrogel layer 130 is modified by introducing an amine functional group (such as a primary amine -NH2, a secondary amine -NHR, or a tertiary amine -NR2), which can significantly improve the affinity and adsorption performance of the hydrogel layer 130 for CO2. For example, the primary amine / secondary amine and CO2 generate carbamates through a zwitterionic intermediate, achieving a high-capacity adsorption of 0.5 mol CO2 by 1 mol of amine. At the same time, the lone pair electrons of the amine group form dipole-dipole interactions or weak hydrogen bonds with the carbon atom of CO2, enhancing the synergistic effect of physical adsorption.

[0053] The biological carbon fixation device 200 includes a second housing 210 (eg Figure 1 As shown), the second housing 210 has a second accommodating cavity 211, a second illumination port 212 and a second opening 213 communicating with the second accommodating cavity 211, and the second accommodating cavity 211 communicates with the first accommodating cavity 111. For example, the first housing 110 and the second housing 210 are an integral structure of the housing 600 (as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 4), the first accommodating and second accommodating cavities 211 together form an accommodating space 610 inside the housing 600. Alternatively, the first housing 110 and the second housing 210 are split structures, and the first accommodating cavity 111 and the second accommodating cavity 211 are connected through the pipe 400 (such as Figure 1 The second opening 213 is used for gas flow, so that the gas in the second accommodating chamber 211 is exchanged with the external air. The second accommodating chamber 211 is used to accommodate photosynthetic autotrophic organisms (such as Figure 5 The photosynthetic autotrophic organisms in the photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module 800 are, for example, algae or plants. The photosynthetic autotrophic organisms can produce CO2 through respiration and can absorb CO2 and release oxygen through photosynthesis. Sunlight can illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the second receiving chamber 211 through the second illumination port 212, causing the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms to photosynthesize.

[0054] Specifically, it is known that the molecular diameter of CO2 is approximately 0.3 nm. Based on this, in this embodiment, the hydrogel layer 130 has a porous structure, and the diameter of the pores of the hydrogel layer 130 is not less than 0.3 nm, so as to provide more CO2 attachment points, thereby improving the adsorption capacity of the hydrogel layer 130 for CO2. Since the first accommodating chamber 111 is connected to the second accommodating chamber 211, at night, external air enters the second accommodating chamber 211 through the second opening 213 for respiration of the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms. The CO2 produced by the respiration of the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms can flow into the first accommodating chamber 111, and the hydrogel layer 130 captures the CO2 through the van der Waals force. During the day, the temperature of the hydrogel layer 130 rises, and the high temperature can weaken the strength of the van der Waals force, so that the CO2 adsorbed by the hydrogel layer 130 is released and flows into the second accommodating chamber 211, thereby increasing the concentration of CO2 in the second accommodating chamber 211, enhancing the photosynthesis of the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms, and thereby improving the carbon fixation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation equipment of this embodiment.

[0055] Reference Figure 4In some embodiments, the photovoltaic power generation device further includes an air pump 700. The first housing 110 further includes a first opening 113 connected to the first accommodating chamber 111. The air pump 700 is disposed at the first opening 113. Specifically, at night, the air pump 700 is activated to extract gas from the first accommodating chamber 111 through the first opening 113. This creates a slightly negative pressure within the first accommodating chamber 111, causing gas within the second accommodating chamber 211 to flow into the first accommodating chamber 111 and be adsorbed by the hydrogel layer 130. This not only reduces the escape of CO2 generated by respiration within the second accommodating chamber 211, but also enhances the CO2 adsorption efficiency of the hydrogel layer 130 within the first accommodating chamber 111. Therefore, during daytime operation, the amount of CO2 released can be increased, thereby increasing the CO2 concentration within the second accommodating chamber 211, thereby improving the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms and, consequently, the carbon sequestration efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation device of this embodiment. In addition, during the day, the air pump 700 can also work in reverse to blow external air into the first containing chamber 111 through the first opening 113, which can not only increase the speed of CO2 entering the second containing chamber 211 to improve the photosynthetic efficiency of photosynthetic autotrophic organisms, but also enable CO2 outside the first containing chamber 111 to enter the second containing chamber 211 for photosynthesis, thereby further improving the bone char efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation equipment of this embodiment.

[0056] Based on the above embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation device further includes an oxygen-permeable membrane disposed at the second opening 213. Specifically, the oxygen-permeable membrane allows only oxygen to pass through, while blocking CO2. Therefore, at night, CO2 can be prevented from escaping from the second opening 213, allowing more CO2 to flow into the first accommodating chamber 111 for adsorption, thereby increasing the amount of CO2 adsorbed by the hydrogel layer 130. Furthermore, during the day, CO2 released from the hydrogel layer 130 can be prevented from escaping from the second opening 213, maintaining a constant CO2 concentration within the second accommodating chamber 211, further improving the carbon sequestration efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation device of this embodiment.

[0057] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first shell 110 further has a third opening 114 connected to the first accommodating chamber 111. The first accommodating chamber 111 is connected to the second accommodating chamber 211 through the third opening 114. The first opening 113 is located on the side of the hydrogel layer 130 away from the third opening 114. Thus, at night, the gas entering the first accommodating chamber 111 through the second accommodating chamber 211 can contact the hydrogel layer 130 as much as possible, thereby improving the adsorption effect of the hydrogel layer 130 on CO2, thereby increasing the adsorption amount of CO2, and then increasing the release amount of CO2 during daytime operation, so as to improve the carbon fixation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation equipment of this embodiment.

[0058] It should be noted that Figure 4The center line should not be interpreted as the actual outline of the housing 600 , but is only used to more clearly illustrate the positions of the second illumination port 212 and the third opening 114 when the first housing 110 and the second housing 210 are connected to form an integrated housing 600 .

[0059] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, the pore diameter of the hydrogel layer 130 is no less than 0.33 nm (the diameter of a water molecule is approximately 0.33 nm). The hydrogel layer 130 is capable of adsorbing water vapor. The hydrogel layer 130 is attached to the surface of the photovoltaic module 120 opposite the light-exposed surface 121. Therefore, during nighttime operation, the hydrogel layer 130 can adsorb water vapor from the air, increasing its water content. During daytime operation, heat from the photovoltaic module 120 is transferred to the hydrogel layer 130, which absorbs the heat and evaporates the absorbed water, thereby cooling the photovoltaic module 120. In other words, in this embodiment, the hydrogel layer 130 not only efficiently adsorbs and releases CO2, but also cools the photovoltaic module 120 through water evaporation, thereby improving both the carbon sequestration efficiency and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation device.

[0060] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic assembly 120 and the hydrogel layer 130 are both light-transmitting structures. The first shell 110 and the second shell 210 are connected to form an integrated housing 600, and the first accommodating cavity 111 and the second accommodating cavity 211 form an integrated accommodating space 610. Sunlight can pass through the photovoltaic assembly 120 and the hydrogel layer 130 and illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the accommodating space 610. Specifically, the first accommodating cavity 111 and the second accommodating cavity 211 form an integrated accommodating space 610, that is, during use, the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms and the hydrogel layer 130 are located in the same space, without the need for an additional connecting structure for connecting the second accommodating cavity 211 with the first accommodating cavity 111. This makes the structure of the photovoltaic power generation device of this embodiment simpler, thereby reducing the construction cost and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic power generation device of this embodiment. In addition, it can be understood that in this embodiment, the integrated shell 600 can not only achieve close integration of the photovoltaic component 120 and the hydrogel layer 130, but can also be used to accommodate photosynthetic autotrophic organisms. Therefore, during the installation process, the shell 600 can be directly installed on an installation surface such as the ground or floor. For example, in low-latitude areas, the shell 600 can be directly set on the ground, and the illuminated surface 121 of the photovoltaic component 120 can be set horizontally without setting up other structures for separately supporting the photovoltaic device 100 and the biological carbon fixation device 200, making the installation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment of this embodiment simpler.

[0061] It should be noted that the reason why the photovoltaic assembly 120 and the hydrogel layer 130 are light-transmitting structures is to ensure that external sunlight can enter the accommodation space 610 through the first illumination port 112, and pass through the photovoltaic assembly 120 and the hydrogel layer 130 to illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the accommodation space 610, to ensure that they fully carry out photosynthesis, thereby improving carbon fixation efficiency. Specifically, the photovoltaic assembly 120, for example, includes a transparent upper encapsulation layer, a transparent top electrode, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer, a transparent conductive bottom electrode and a bottom substrate glass arranged in sequence, and stable bonding is achieved through methods such as hot pressing packaging and spin coating deposition. Among them, the transparent upper encapsulation layer is used to protect the internal structure of the battery and ensure smooth transmission of light. Commonly used materials include highly light-transmitting glass or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The transparent top electrode has the dual functions of being conductive and light-transmitting, and transparent conductive materials such as fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and indium tin oxide (ITO) are often used. The hole transport layer is used to efficiently transport holes to the anode while blocking the backflow of electrons. Commonly used materials include nickel monoxide (NiOx). The perovskite light absorption layer is the core of the photoelectric conversion layer, which absorbs solar radiation and generates electron-hole pairs. It can also reasonably regulate the band gap of the perovskite light absorption layer so that the component can selectively absorb the near-infrared light band and efficiently transmit visible light, thereby ensuring that photosynthetic autotrophic organisms fully utilize visible light. The electron transport layer is supported by titanium dioxide (TiO2) or tin oxide (SnO2), for example, to transport electrons to the cathode while suppressing the backflow of holes. The transparent conductive bottom electrode has both mechanical support and current extraction functions. The material is similar to that of the top electrode, and FTO or ITO are often used. The bottom substrate glass provides stable support for the overall structure while ensuring sufficient light transmittance.

[0062] Furthermore, it is understood that since the photoautotrophic organisms and the hydrogel layer 130 are coexisting in the same space, the CO2 released by the hydrogel layer 130 can be rapidly absorbed and utilized by the photoautotrophic organisms, accelerating the photosynthesis process and further improving carbon sequestration efficiency. Furthermore, since both the photovoltaic module 120 and the hydrogel layer 130 are light-transmitting structures and do not affect the illumination of the photoautotrophic organisms, the distance between the hydrogel layer 130 and the photoautotrophic organisms can be shortened, thereby reducing the overall height of the photovoltaic system and improving the stability of the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0063] Reference Figure 4In some embodiments, the inner wall of the accommodating space 610 has a mark 610, which is configured to indicate the boundary of the growth area of ​​the photoautotrophic organism. The direction from the photovoltaic component 120 to the hydrogel layer 130 is defined as a first direction. In the first direction, the hydrogel layer 130 and the mark 610 are spaced apart, that is, during operation, there is a certain gap between the photoautotrophic organism and the hydrogel layer 130. At the same time, in the first direction, the hydrogel layer 130 has a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and an airway passing through the first surface and the second surface. Therefore, during the operation of the air pump 700, the obstruction of the hydrogel layer 130 to the gas flow can be reduced to increase the flow rate of the gas, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency of CO2 by the hydrogel layer 130.

[0064] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic power generation equipment further includes a bracket 300 and a pipe 400. The photovoltaic device 100 and the biological carbon fixation device 200 are both connected to the bracket 300. The photovoltaic device 100 is located above the biological carbon fixation device 200. A light-irradiating gap 500 is defined between the photovoltaic device 100 and the biological carbon fixation device 200, through which sunlight can illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the second accommodating chamber 211. The pipe 400 is, for example, a rigid tube or a flexible corrugated tube. One end of the pipe 400 is connected to the third opening 114, and the other end is connected to the second accommodating chamber 211. Specifically, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic device 100 and the biological carbon fixation device 200 are separately provided and have a light-irradiating gap 500 defined therebetween. Sunlight can illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the second accommodating chamber 211 through the light-irradiating gap 500. In other words, the photovoltaic assembly 120 does not affect the normal illumination of the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms. Therefore, the photovoltaic module 120 can adopt a common opaque structure to reduce the material selection requirements for the photovoltaic module 120, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module 120. For example, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic module 120 includes tempered glass, solar cells, and a backplane arranged in sequence, and the tempered glass solar cells and backplane are tightly bonded by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer material.

[0065] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the bracket 300 is the support surface 310, and the support surface 310 is used to connect to the external mounting structure, and the illumination surface 121 is tilted upward relative to the support surface. Specifically, for example, in high-latitude areas (such as >55°), the solar altitude angle is low. If the illumination surface 121 is set horizontally, the incident angle of light will be too large, resulting in a sharp decrease in the amount of radiation received. This embodiment can effectively improve this problem. In this embodiment, the illumination surface 121 is tilted upward relative to the support surface. Therefore, when the bracket 300 is installed on an external mounting structure such as the ground or floor, the illumination surface 121 can be tilted upward to improve the incident angle of light, so as to ensure that the photovoltaic module 120 can receive sunlight to the greatest extent and improve the power generation efficiency.

[0066] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, the photovoltaic device 100 is rotatably connected to the bracket 300, and the rotation axis of the photovoltaic device 100 extends horizontally, so that the photovoltaic device 100 can rotate vertically relative to the bracket 300. Therefore, during use, the angle of the illuminated surface 121 of the photovoltaic module 120 can be adjusted according to different latitudes, ensuring that the photovoltaic module 120 is in an optimal light-receiving state, thereby further improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0067] In some embodiments, the biological carbon fixation device 200 also includes a shielding cover, which is a light-transmitting structure. The material of the shielding cover can be selected from high-strength transparent plastic or glass to ensure light transmittance while having good weather resistance. The shielding cover is connected to the second shell 210 and covers the second light port 212, thereby reducing dust or other impurities in the external environment from entering the second accommodating cavity 211, keeping the interior clean, and ensuring the normal growth of photosynthetic autotrophic organisms. It does not affect sunlight exposure and effectively blocks impurities, further improving the overall operating efficiency and stability of the system.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first accommodating cavity 111 has a first wall disposed opposite the first illumination port 112. The direction from the photovoltaic assembly 120 to the hydrogel layer 130 is defined as a first direction. In this first direction, the hydrogel layer 130 is spaced apart from the first wall, and the third opening 114 and the biocarbon sequestration device 200200 are located between the hydrogel layer 130 and the first wall. In the first direction, the hydrogel layer 130 has a first surface and a second surface that face each other, as well as an airway that extends through the first and second surfaces. Therefore, during operation of the air pump 700, the obstruction to gas flow caused by the hydrogel layer 130 can be reduced, thereby increasing the gas flow rate and, in turn, improving the CO adsorption efficiency of the hydrogel layer 130.

[0069] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a second photovoltaic power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. According to the photovoltaic power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention, it includes a photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module 800 and a photovoltaic power generation device according to the first embodiment. The photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module 800 includes, for example, vegetation or algae, and the photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module 800 is located in the second accommodating cavity 211 (such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 and capable of photosynthesis and respiration.

[0070] Specifically, in the photovoltaic power generation device according to the first embodiment, the hydrogel layer 130 has a porous structure, and the diameter of the pores in the hydrogel layer 130 is not less than 0.3 nm, thereby providing more CO2 attachment points and improving the CO2 adsorption capacity of the hydrogel layer 130. Since the first accommodating chamber 111 is connected to the second accommodating chamber 211, at night, external air enters the second accommodating chamber 211 through the second opening 213 to facilitate respiration of the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms. At least a portion of the CO2 produced by the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms can flow into the first accommodating chamber 111, where the hydrogel layer 130 captures the CO2 through van der Waals forces. During the day, the temperature of the hydrogel layer 130 rises. The high temperature weakens the van der Waals forces, causing the CO2 adsorbed by the hydrogel 130 to be released and flow into the second accommodating chamber 211, thereby increasing the CO2 concentration in the second accommodating chamber 211, enhancing photosynthesis of the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms, and thereby improving the carbon sequestration efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation device according to this embodiment.

[0071] It should be noted that, since this embodiment adopts all the technical features of the photovoltaic power generation system of the first embodiment, this embodiment has all the beneficial effects brought by the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0072] In some embodiments, the photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module 800 includes a nutrient solution and spirulina, with the spirulina being located in the nutrient solution. The nutrient solution contains appropriate amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus sources, as well as various trace elements, providing essential nutrients for the growth of microalgae such as spirulina, thereby ensuring the basic conditions required for their normal growth and proliferation. Spirulina has strong viability, good adaptability to the acidity and alkalinity of the solution, and higher carbon fixation efficiency, thereby improving the carbon sequestration efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system of this embodiment.

[0073] While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications may be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by a person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with one another unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. Photovoltaic power generation equipment, characterized in that include: A photovoltaic device comprising a first housing, a photovoltaic assembly, and a hydrogel layer, wherein the first housing has a first accommodating cavity and a first illumination port communicating with the first accommodating cavity; the photovoltaic assembly has an illumination surface for receiving sunlight; the photovoltaic assembly is disposed in the first accommodating cavity, and the illumination surface is exposed from the first illumination port so that sunlight can illuminate the illumination surface from the first illumination port to convert light energy into electrical energy; the hydrogel layer has a porous structure, and the diameter of the pores in the hydrogel layer is not less than 0.3 nm; the hydrogel layer is configured to adsorb CO2; the hydrogel layer is located within the first accommodating cavity, and the first opening is configured to allow gas circulation; A biological carbon fixation device includes a second shell, the second shell having a second accommodating chamber, a second light port and a second opening connected to the second accommodating chamber, the second accommodating chamber being connected to the first accommodating chamber, the second accommodating chamber being used to accommodate photosynthetic autotrophic organisms, sunlight being able to illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the second accommodating chamber through the second light port to cause the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms to photosynthesize, and the second opening being used to provide gas flow.

2. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shell further has a first opening communicating with the first accommodating cavity, and the air pump is connected to the first opening.

3. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation device further includes an oxygen permeable membrane, which is arranged at the second opening.

4. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first shell further has a third opening communicating with the first accommodating cavity. The first accommodating cavity is communicated with the second accommodating cavity through the third opening. The first opening is located on a side of the hydrogel layer away from the third opening.

5. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the pores of the hydrogel layer is not less than 0.33 nm, the hydrogel layer is capable of absorbing water vapor, and the hydrogel layer is connected to the surface of the photovoltaic module opposite to the light-irradiated surface.

6. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly and the hydrogel layer are both light-transmitting structures. The first shell and the second shell are connected to form an integrated outer shell, and the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity form an overall accommodating space. Sunlight can pass through the photovoltaic assembly and the hydrogel layer and illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the accommodating space.

7. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the accommodation space has a marking, and the marking is configured to indicate the boundary of the growth area of ​​the photoautotrophic organism; A direction from the photovoltaic module to the hydrogel layer is defined as a first direction, wherein the hydrogel layer and the mark are spaced apart in the first direction; In a first direction, the hydrogel layer has a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and an air channel running through the first surface and the second surface.

8. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation equipment further includes a bracket and a pipe, the photovoltaic device and the biological carbon fixation device are both connected to the bracket, the photovoltaic device is located above the biological carbon fixation device, and a light gap is provided between the photovoltaic device and the biological carbon fixation device, so that sunlight can illuminate the photosynthetic autotrophic organisms located in the second accommodation chamber through the light gap; One end of the tube is connected to the third opening, and the other end is connected to the second accommodating cavity.

9. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the bracket is a supporting surface, and the supporting surface is used to be connected to an external mounting structure. The lighting surface is arranged to be inclined upward relative to the supporting surface.

10. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The biological carbon fixation device further includes a shielding cover, which is a light-transmitting structure. The shielding cover is connected to the second shell and covers the second light port.

11. The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first accommodating cavity has a first wall surface disposed opposite to the first illumination port, defining a direction from the photovoltaic assembly to the hydrogel layer as a first direction. In the first direction, the hydrogel layer is spaced apart from the first wall surface, and the third opening is located between the hydrogel layer and the first wall surface. In a first direction, the hydrogel layer has a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and an air channel running through the first surface and the second surface.

12. A photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: include; The photovoltaic power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 11; A photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module is located in the second containing cavity and is capable of performing photosynthesis and respiration.

13. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The photosynthetic autotrophic ecological module comprises a nutrient solution and spirulina, wherein the spirulina is located in the nutrient solution.

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