Unmanned aerial vehicle communication system and method based on Beidou short message

Abstract

The invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle communication system and method based on Beidou short messages. And the airborne terminal compresses the flight state data to be less than or equal to 78 bytes / packet through a compression algorithm, and sends the flight state data through the Beidou short message airborne terminal by adopting a 60-second timing uploading mechanism. And the ground station decompresses the display state and generates and returns a compression control instruction. And the airborne end receives, decompresses and executes the instruction. The system breaks through the traditional radio distance limitation (greater than 2000km), solves the problem of communication in a network-free area, and has the capabilities of interference resistance, low cost and emergency communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a Beidou short message-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication system and method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, civil drones generally adopt the "ground station-radio" control architecture, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the technical principle is: the flight controller establishes a wireless link with the ground control terminal through radio (4G / ground radio station) to transmit remote control commands and telemetry data.

[0003] The UAV flight controller uses "ground station-radio" for control, which has the following problems:

[0004] 1) Limited communication distance: Radio signals are affected by the curvature of the earth and obstructions, and the effective control radius is usually less than 50 kilometers;

[0005] 2) Weak anti-interference capability: Complex electromagnetic environments can easily lead to signal interruption, causing the risk of loss of control;

[0006] 3) Network blind spots: Control commands and flight data cannot be transmitted in areas without ground network coverage, such as oceans, deserts, and mountainous areas.

[0007] 4) Insufficient emergency response capabilities: Traditional systems fail when natural disasters (such as earthquakes and floods) paralyze ground communications. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The inventors realized that the global short message service (BDS-SMS), which belongs to the BeiDou-3 satellite navigation system, has the capability of "two-way communication without ground network support" and can be used to solve the above problems and realize the control and status monitoring of drones in beyond-visual-range flight, operation in uninhabited areas or emergency communication interruption scenarios.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, an airborne terminal system for UAV communication based on Beidou short messages is provided, which is characterized by comprising:

[0010] The flight controller is mounted on the drone.

[0011] Beidou short message airborne terminal, which is installed on the UAV and has Beidou short message communication capability,

[0012] The flight controller has a communication serial port, which sends flight status data to the Beidou short message airborne terminal through the serial port, receives control instructions from the Beidou short message airborne terminal and executes the control instructions.

[0013] The communication interface of the BeiDou short message airborne terminal is connected to the communication serial port of the flight controller via a serial communication cable.

[0014] The flight controller includes:

[0015] The flight data compression algorithm is based on the extended MAVLink protocol and applies a compression algorithm to compress the flight status data and control command reception response to be sent by the flight controller to a single transmission packet of ≤78 bytes (624 bits) to meet the single transmission bandwidth limit of Beidou short messages.

[0016] The scheduled upload mechanism uses a 60-second fixed interval mechanism to send compressed flight status data uplink to avoid exceeding the throughput capacity limit of the Beidou short message system and prevent data loss caused by link congestion.

[0017] The BeiDou short message airborne terminal receives compressed flight status data, sends the compressed flight status data via BeiDou satellite uplink, receives control instructions from the ground station via BeiDou satellite downlink, and sends the control instructions to the flight controller via the serial port. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The prior art "ground station-radio" control architecture scheme is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 A configuration diagram of a civil Beidou short message data transmission solution according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for transmitting flight status data according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 A flow chart of a control instruction transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Provided is a UAV flight controller communication system and method based on Beidou short message, the configuration of the system is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a flight controller, a BeiDou short message airborne terminal, BeiDou satellites, a BeiDou short message ground terminal, and a ground station. This system overcomes ground communication limitations and enables stable two-way transmission of flight control commands and the transmission of aircraft status data (including but not limited to position, attitude, and speed) back to the ground station in environments without ground wireless network coverage, beyond visual range, or with electromagnetic interference.

[0023] The system includes:

[0024] 1) Aircraft terminal system, including:

[0025] The flight controller is installed on the UAV and is used for the core flight control, navigation and mission management of the UAV. The flight controller has a communication serial port.

[0026] The BeiDou short message airborne terminal is installed on the UAV and has BeiDou short message communication capability. The communication interface of the BeiDou short message airborne terminal is physically connected to the communication serial port of the flight controller via a serial communication cable.

[0027] in:

[0028] The flight controller includes a send-receive-execute part, which sends flight status data (including at least part of longitude, latitude, altitude, roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle, power supply voltage, flight mode, flight speed, and action instructions) to the Beidou short message airborne terminal through the serial port; at the same time, it receives control instructions (including at least one of switching routes and returning to land) from the Beidou short message airborne terminal and executes the control instructions.

[0029] The Beidou short message airborne terminal receives status data sent by the flight controller, sends the compressed status data via the Beidou satellite uplink, receives control instructions from the ground station via the Beidou satellite downlink, and sends the control instructions to the flight controller through the serial port.

[0030] Flight data compression algorithm: The flight controller includes a flight data compression algorithm based on the extended MAVLink protocol. It applies a compression algorithm to compress the status data and control command reception responses to be sent by the flight controller to a single transmission packet of ≤78 bytes (624 bits) to meet the Beidou short message single transmission bandwidth limit.

[0031] Timed upload mechanism: The flight controller includes a timed upload mechanism that uses a fixed 60-second interval to control the uplink transmission of status data to avoid exceeding the throughput capacity limit of the Beidou short message system and prevent data loss due to link congestion.

[0032] 2) Ground terminal system, including:

[0033] Beidou short message ground terminal, which is deployed on the ground and has Beidou short message communication capability;

[0034] The ground station is deployed on the ground operation side and connected to the BeiDou short message ground terminal through a serial interface;

[0035] in:

[0036] The BeiDou short message ground terminal receives downlink data from BeiDou satellites (including compressed flight controller status information) and forwards it to the ground station; receives control commands from the ground station and sends them uplink via BeiDou satellites.

[0037] The ground station receives and decompresses the flight controller status data from the Beidou short message ground terminal, visualizes the resolved flight status data on the interface for operator monitoring, generates control instructions based on the operator's input, compresses the control instructions based on the compression algorithm, and sends the compressed control instructions to the Beidou short message ground terminal.

[0038] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a Beidou short message-based UAV flight controller communication method, which is applied to the above-mentioned system. The method includes the following two steps:

[0039] A) Flight status data transmission steps, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0040] A1) The UAV flight controller collects flight status data (longitude, latitude, altitude, roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle, power supply voltage, flight mode, flight speed, etc.).

[0041] A2) The flight controller applies a compression algorithm to compress the flight status data to a single ≤78 bytes (624 bits) and sends the status data to the Beidou short message airborne terminal via the serial port.

[0042] A3) The compressed flight status data packet is sent uplink via the BeiDou short message service (BDS) via the BDS airborne terminal at a fixed interval of 60 seconds.

[0043] A4) BeiDou satellite receives the data packet and forwards it to the BeiDou short message ground terminal.

[0044] A5) The BeiDou short message ground terminal forwards the data packet to the ground station.

[0045] A6) The decompression module of the ground station software decompresses and decompresses the compressed data packets.

[0046] A7) The visualization module of the ground station software displays the solved status information on the software interface.

[0047] B) Control instruction transmission and execution steps, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes:

[0048] B1) The ground station generates control instructions (such as switching routes, returning to land, etc.) through software according to the operator's instructions.

[0049] B2) The ground station applies the compression algorithm to compress the control instructions to meet the Beidou short message transmission requirements.

[0050] B3) The ground station sends the compressed control instructions to the Beidou short message ground terminal.

[0051] B4) The BeiDou short message ground terminal sends the compressed command data packet via the BeiDou satellite short message service uplink.

[0052] B5) The BeiDou satellite receives the data packet and forwards it to the BeiDou short message airborne terminal of the target UAV.

[0053] B6) The BeiDou short message airborne terminal receives the compressed command data packet and sends it to the flight controller through the serial port.

[0054] B7) The flight controller receives and interprets the instructions and executes the corresponding flight action control.

[0055] Advantages and / or beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0056] 1) Increased drone communication distance

[0057] Through Beidou short messages, drone flight control and status monitoring can be achieved beyond visual range (>2000km) and in emergency communication interruption scenarios.

[0058] 2) Reduced UAV satellite communication costs

[0059] The Beidou short message terminal has a simple structure and its cost can be reduced to one tenth of that of traditional satellite communication terminals, saving communication costs.

[0060] 3) Improved data security

[0061] The drone flight controller data is transmitted via Beidou satellites. The entire communication link is built based on domestic satellites, which can effectively protect the security of drone data.

[0062] After natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, or mudslides, traditional communication infrastructure may be damaged, resulting in communication network interruptions and affecting the coordination and implementation of rescue efforts. In such situations, drones equipped with Beidou short message communication modules can provide reliable aerial survey data.

[0063] The operation method according to one embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0064] Equipment configuration: The UAV flight controller is connected to the Beidou short message airborne terminal, which can send the current status information of the real UAV when the traditional communication network is unavailable.

[0065] Application example: After arriving at a disaster area, a drone sends compressed data to a remote ground station via a Beidou short message airborne terminal. The ground station receives this data, monitors the drone's flight status, understands its trajectory, and controls it remotely, performing actions such as changing routes and returning to land. The drone is equipped with an image acquisition device, and after returning to land, it uses the collected data to obtain information about the disaster area.

Claims

1. An airborne terminal system for UAV communication based on Beidou short message, characterized in that include: The flight controller is mounted on the drone. Beidou short message airborne terminal, which is installed on the UAV and has Beidou short message communication capability, The flight controller has a communication serial port, which sends flight status data to the Beidou short message airborne terminal through the serial port, receives control instructions from the Beidou short message airborne terminal and executes the control instructions. The communication interface of the BeiDou short message airborne terminal is connected to the communication serial port of the flight controller via a serial communication cable. The flight controller includes: The flight data compression algorithm is based on the extended MAVLink protocol and applies a compression algorithm to compress the flight status data and control command reception response to be sent by the flight controller to a single transmission packet of ≤78 bytes (624 bits) to meet the single transmission bandwidth limit of Beidou short messages. The scheduled upload mechanism uses a 60-second fixed interval mechanism to send compressed flight status data uplink to avoid exceeding the throughput capacity limit of the Beidou short message system and prevent data loss caused by link congestion. The Beidou short message airborne terminal receives compressed flight status data, sends the compressed flight status data via Beidou satellite uplink, receives control instructions from the ground station via Beidou satellite downlink, and sends the control instructions to the flight controller through the serial port.

2. The airborne terminal system according to claim 1, wherein: The flight status data includes at least one of longitude, latitude, altitude, roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle, power supply voltage, flight mode, flight speed, and action instructions. The control instruction includes at least one of switching routes and returning to land.

3. A UAV communication system based on Beidou short message, characterized by include: The machine-mounted terminal system according to claim 1 or 2, The ground terminal system includes: a Beidou short message ground terminal, which is deployed on the ground and has Beidou short message communication capabilities; a ground station, which is deployed on the ground and connected to the Beidou short message ground terminal through a serial interface; in: The BeiDou short message ground terminal receives compressed flight status data from BeiDou satellites, forwards the compressed flight status to the ground station, receives control instructions from the ground station, and sends the control instructions via BeiDou satellite uplink. The ground station receives and decompresses the compressed flight status data from the Beidou short message ground terminal, visualizes the flight status data on the interface, generates control instructions based on the operator's input, compresses the control instructions based on the compression algorithm, and sends the compressed control instructions to the Beidou short message ground terminal.

4. A UAV communication method based on Beidou short message, characterized in that include: S1) Onboard upload data compression step: The flight controller's flight data compression algorithm, based on the extended MAVLink protocol, compresses the flight status data and control command reception response to be sent by the flight controller to a single transmission packet of ≤78 bytes (624 bits) to meet the Beidou short message single transmission bandwidth limit. S2) Scheduled upload step: compressed flight status data and control command reception responses are sent uplink using a 60-second fixed interval mechanism to avoid exceeding the throughput capacity limit of the Beidou short message system and prevent data loss caused by link congestion. S3) Airborne uplink transceiver step, in which the airborne BeiDou short message airborne terminal receives the compressed flight status data and sends the compressed flight status data to the BeiDou satellite. S4) Ground downlink transceiver step: receiving compressed flight status data from Beidou satellites through the Beidou short message ground terminal deployed on the ground, and forwarding the compressed flight status to the ground station. S5) Ground station processing step, receiving and decompressing the compressed flight status data from the Beidou short message ground terminal by the ground station deployed on the ground, visually displaying the flight status data on the interface, generating control instructions according to the operator's input, compressing the control instructions based on the compression algorithm, and sending the compressed control instructions to the Beidou short message ground terminal, S6) Ground uplink forwarding step: The BeiDou short message ground terminal receives the control command from the ground station and sends the control command uplink to the BeiDou satellite. S7) Airborne downlink transceiver step: the BeiDou short message airborne terminal receives the control command of the BeiDou satellite downlink and sends the control command to the flight controller through the serial port. S8) Onboard downlink receiving and decompression step, the flight controller receives the control instruction and decompresses the control instruction based on the compression algorithm.

5. The UAV communication method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flight status data includes at least one of longitude, latitude, altitude, roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle, power supply voltage, flight mode, flight speed, and action instructions. The control instruction includes at least one of switching routes and returning to land.

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