Wireless media device and image display device including the same

Abstract

The wireless media device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a signal processing device for processing an image signal or an audio signal; the communication device is used for wirelessly transmitting the signal from the signal processing device to an external display device; the communication device performs a first filtering responsive to a first speed and a second filtering responsive to a second speed slower than the first speed, respectively, based on a link quality between the wireless media device and the display device, and performs beam tracking based on a difference between a result of the first filtering and a result of the second filtering. As a result, beam tracking can be quickly performed based on occlusion detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an image display device, and more particularly, to an image display device capable of quickly performing beam tracking based on occlusion detection. Background Art

[0002] An image display device is a device that displays images through a display.

[0003] On the other hand, the image display device can output sound using the audio output unit in addition to images.

[0004] On the other hand, in order to output an image on a display of the image display device, the signal processing device performs image signal processing and the like.

[0005] Recently, for the sake of convenience, a scheme is being studied in which a display and a signal processing device in an image display device are separated and media transmission between the display and the signal processing device is performed wirelessly rather than by wired communication.

[0006] On the other hand, when blocking occurs between the display and the signal processing device, there is a disadvantage that media transmission is not smooth.

[0007] Furthermore, when beam tracking is performed according to a request when necessary, there is a disadvantage in that the response is slow when the radio conditions suddenly change. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a wireless media device capable of quickly performing beam tracking based on occlusion detection, and an image display device including the wireless media device.

[0010] Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wireless media device capable of stably performing media transmission even when obstruction occurs, and an image display device having the wireless media device.

[0011] Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wireless media device capable of quickly performing beam tracking using a beam candidate group, and an image display device having the wireless media device.

[0012] Technical solutions to the problem

[0013] A wireless media device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a signal processing device for processing an image signal or an audio signal; and a communication device for wirelessly transmitting the signal from the signal processing device to an external display device; the communication device performs a first filtering that responds at a first speed and a second filtering that responds at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device and the display device, and performs beam tracking based on the difference between the results of the first filtering and the results of the second filtering.

[0014] On the other hand, when the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is equal to or greater than a set value, the communication device may be controlled to perform beam tracking.

[0015] On the other hand, the communication device can select and manage a beam candidate group based on the link quality between the wireless media device and the display device. When the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is greater than a set value, the communication device can be controlled to perform beam tracking based on multiple candidate beams within the beam candidate group.

[0016] On the other hand, when the difference between the results of the first filtering and the second filtering is greater than a set value, the communication device can determine that blocking has occurred between the wireless media device and the display device and perform beam change through beam tracking.

[0017] On the other hand, when the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is smaller than the set value, the communication device does not perform beam tracking and may continue to use the current beam.

[0018] On the other hand, the communication device may separately perform a first filtering based on a first coefficient and a second filtering based on a second coefficient smaller than the first coefficient.

[0019] On the other hand, when the difference between the results of the first filtering and the second filtering is greater than a set value, the communication device can change the LOS (line of sight) beam to a beam above the LOS beam through beam tracking.

[0020] On the other hand, when the difference between the result of the first filter and the result of the second filter is greater than the set value, the communication device can determine that blocking has occurred, and after being determined as blocking, if the level of the result of the second filter rises in stages and the difference between the result of the first filter and the result of the second filter changes to be less than the set value, it can be determined that the blocking has been lifted.

[0021] On the other hand, the communication device can perform beam change through beam tracking between the obstruction judgment time point and the obstruction release judgment time point, and can reuse the beam before the beam change after the obstruction release judgment time point.

[0022] On the other hand, the communication device may transmit a first signal based on a beam of a first shape that changes sequentially in sectors during a first period, receive a second signal based on a beam of the first shape from the display device during a third period based on the selection of a wireless media device of the display device during a second period, recognize the association with the display device based on network address information within the second signal during a fourth period, transmit a third signal based on a beam of a second shape having an angle smaller than the first shape during a fifth period, and perform wireless media transmission to the display device based on the beam of the second shape during a sixth period.

[0023] An image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a display device and a wireless media device, wherein the wireless media device includes: a signal processing device for processing an image signal or an audio signal; and a communication device for wirelessly transmitting the signal from the signal processing device to an external display device; the communication device performs a first filtering that responds at a first speed and a second filtering that responds at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device and the display device, and performs beam tracking based on the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering.

[0024] Effects of the Invention

[0025] A wireless media device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a signal processing device that processes an image signal or an audio signal; and a communication device that wirelessly transmits the signal from the signal processing device to an external display device. The communication device performs a first filtering operation at a first speed and a second filtering operation at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device and the display device, and performs beam tracking based on the difference between the results of the first filtering and the second filtering. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on occlusion detection. In particular, by changing the beam when occlusion is detected, media data can be stably transmitted.

[0026] On the other hand, when the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is greater than a set value, the communication device can be controlled to perform beam tracking. This allows for rapid execution of beam tracking based on obstruction detection.

[0027] Alternatively, the communication device can select and manage a beam candidate group based on the link quality between the wireless media device and the display device. If the difference between the first filtering result and the second filtering result exceeds a set value, the communication device can control the system to perform beam tracking based on multiple candidate beams within the beam candidate group. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on occlusion detection. Furthermore, beam tracking can be rapidly performed using the beam candidate group.

[0028] On the other hand, if the difference between the first and second filtering results exceeds a set value, the communication device can determine that blockage has occurred between the wireless media device and the display device and perform beam tracking to change the beam. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on blockage detection.

[0029] On the other hand, if the difference between the first filtering result and the second filtering result is less than a set value, the communication device does not perform beam tracking but can continue to use the current beam, thereby enabling stable transmission of media data.

[0030] On the other hand, the communication device may separately perform a first filtering based on a first coefficient and a second filtering based on a second coefficient smaller than the first coefficient.

[0031] On the other hand, if the difference between the first and second filtering results exceeds a set value, the communication device can use beam tracking to change the LOS (line of sight) beam to a beam above the LOS beam. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on obstruction detection. In particular, changing the beam when obstruction is detected enables stable transmission of media data.

[0032] On the other hand, if the difference between the first and second filtering results exceeds a set value, the communication device can determine that blockage has occurred. After determining blockage, if the second filtering result level gradually increases and the difference between the first and second filtering results falls below a set value, the communication device can determine that blockage has been resolved. This enables stable media data transmission based on blockage detection resolution.

[0033] On the other hand, the communication device can perform beam changes through beam tracking between the obstruction detection time point and the obstruction release detection time point, and can reuse the beam before the beam change after the obstruction release detection time point. This enables stable media data transmission based on the release of obstruction detection.

[0034] On the other hand, the communication device can transmit a first signal using a beam of a first shape that sequentially changes sectors during a first period. Based on the wireless media device selection of the display device during a second period, the communication device can receive a second signal using the beam of the first shape from the display device during a third period. In a fourth period, the communication device can establish an association with the display device based on the network address information in the second signal. In a fifth period, the communication device can transmit a third signal using a beam of a second shape that has a smaller angle than the first shape. In a sixth period, the communication device can perform wireless media transmission to the display device using the beam of the second shape. This allows for stable transmission of media data.

[0035] An image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a display device and a wireless media device. The wireless media device includes: a signal processing device that processes an image signal or an audio signal; and a communication device that wirelessly transmits the signal from the signal processing device to an external display device. The communication device performs a first filter that responds at a first speed and a second filter that responds at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device and the display device, and performs beam tracking based on the difference between the results of the first filter and the results of the second filter. Thus, beam tracking can be quickly performed based on occlusion detection. In particular, by changing the beam when occlusion is detected, media data can be stably transmitted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a diagram showing an image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is an internal block diagram of an image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Internal block diagram of a signal processing device.

[0039] Figure 4a It shows Figure 2 FIG1 is a diagram of a control method of a remote control device.

[0040] Figure 4b It shows Figure 2 Internal block diagram of the remote control device.

[0041] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Internal block diagram of the display.

[0042] Figures 6a to 6b It is explaining Figure 5 Refer to the figure when using the organic light-emitting panel.

[0043] Figure 7 It is explaining Figure 2 The figure is referred to when the communication device and the second communication device are used.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a flowchart showing the operation of the image display device.

[0045] Figure 9 It is explaining Figure 8 Refer to the figure when using .

[0046] Figures 10a to 12c This is a diagram to be referred to when explaining the operation of the wireless media device according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 13 is a flow chart showing the operation of the wireless media device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figures 14a to 16c It is explaining Figure 13 Refer to the figure when using . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] The suffixes "module" and "unit" used in the following description of the components are only given to facilitate the preparation of this specification and do not themselves have any particularly important meaning or function. Therefore, the above "module" and "unit" can be used interchangeably.

[0051] Figure 1 It is a diagram showing an image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 The image display device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a display device 50 and a wireless media device 300 .

[0053] The wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 in the image display device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are separated from each other and transmit and receive media in a wireless manner.

[0054] On the other hand, the wireless media device 300 in the image display device 100 can wirelessly transmit the image signal or the audio signal to the display device 50 in an uncompressed manner.

[0055] For example, the wireless media device 300 in the image display device 100 may transmit an image signal or an audio signal to the display device 50 based on wireless communication of the 802.11ad / ay standard.

[0056] In the wireless media device 300 , when transmitting an image signal or an audio signal to the display device 50 in an uncompressed manner, in order to ensure a stable wireless bandwidth, the wireless media device 300 may transmit media data to the display device 50 using a 60 GHz frequency.

[0057] On the other hand, for wireless communication between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50, beam tracking is performed.

[0058] On the other hand, when there is an object between the wireless media device 300 or the display device 50 , media transmission may be disrupted due to blockage.

[0059] On the other hand, a disadvantage of performing beam tracking based on a request from the wireless media device 300 or the display device 50 is that the response is slow when the wireless conditions suddenly change, such as when an object exists between the wireless media device 300 or the display device 50 .

[0060] Therefore, the present invention proposes a solution that can quickly perform beam tracking based on occlusion detection.

[0061] To this end, the wireless media device 300 of the present embodiment performs a first filtering operation at a first speed and a second filtering operation at a second speed slower than the first speed, based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. Beam tracking is then performed based on the difference between the results of the first and second filtering operations. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on occlusion detection. In particular, by changing the beam when occlusion is detected, media data can be stably transmitted.

[0062] On the other hand, the display device 50 according to the embodiment of the present invention performs a first filtering operation at a first speed and a second filtering operation at a second speed slower than the first speed, based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. The display device 50 then performs beam tracking based on the difference between the results of the first and second filtering operations. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on occlusion detection. In particular, by changing the beam when occlusion is detected, media data can be transmitted stably.

[0063] Figure 2 This is an internal block diagram of an image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Reference Figure 2 The image display device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a wireless media device 300 and a display device 50 .

[0065] The wireless media device 300 may include an image receiving unit 105 , a memory 140 , a power supply unit 190 , a signal processing unit 170 , and a communication unit 160 a .

[0066] The display device 50 may include a second communication device 160 b , a user input interface portion 150 , a display 180 , an audio output portion 185 , and a power supply portion 195 .

[0067] The image receiving unit 105 may include a tuner 110 , a demodulator 120 , a network interface unit 135 , and an external device interface unit 130 .

[0068] The tuner 110 selects a channel selected by the user or pre-stored RF broadcast signals from among RF broadcast signals received through the antenna 50. In addition, the tuner 110 converts the selected RF broadcast signal into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband image or voice signal.

[0069] For example, if the selected RF broadcast signal is a digital broadcast signal, it is converted into a digital IF signal (DIF); if it is an analog broadcast signal, it is converted into an analog baseband video or audio signal (CVBS / SIF). In other words, the tuner 110 can process either a digital broadcast signal or an analog broadcast signal. The analog baseband video or audio signal (CVBS / SIF) output from the tuner 110 can be directly input into the signal processing device 170.

[0070] On the other hand, the tuner unit 110 may include a plurality of tuners to receive broadcast signals from a plurality of channels, or may be a single tuner that simultaneously receives broadcast signals from a plurality of channels.

[0071] The demodulator 120 receives the digital IF signal (DIF) converted by the tuner 110 and performs a demodulation operation.

[0072] The demodulation unit 120 may output a stream signal TS after performing demodulation and channel decoding. In this case, the stream signal may be a signal multiplexed with an image signal, a voice signal, or a data signal.

[0073] The stream signal output from the demodulation unit 120 may be input to the signal processing device 170. The signal processing device 170 outputs an image to the display 180 and outputs a voice to the audio output unit 185 after performing demultiplexing, image / voice signal processing, and the like.

[0074] The external device interface unit 130 can transmit and receive data with a connected external device (not shown). To this end, the external device interface unit 130 may include an A / V input and output unit (not shown) or a wireless communication unit (not shown).

[0075] The external device interface unit 130 can be connected to external devices such as DVDs (Digital Versatile Disks), Blu-rays, game devices, cameras, camcorders, computers (laptops), set-top boxes, USBs, etc. in a wired / wireless manner, and can also perform input / output operations with the external devices.

[0076] The A / V input and output unit can receive image and voice signals from external devices. On the other hand, the wireless communication unit can perform short-range wireless communication with other electronic devices.

[0077] The network interface unit 135 provides an interface for connecting the image display device 100 to a wired / wireless network including the Internet. For example, the network interface unit 135 may receive content or data provided by the Internet or a content provider or a network operator through a network.

[0078] The memory 140 may store programs for processing and controlling various signals in the signal processing device 170 , and may also store processed image, voice, or data signals.

[0079] The memory 140 may also temporarily store an image, voice, or data signal input through the external device interface 130. The memory 140 may also store information related to a predetermined broadcast channel through a channel memory function such as a channel map.

[0080] Figure 2 The embodiment in which the memory 140 is provided separately from the signal processing device 170 is shown, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The memory 140 may be included in the signal processing device 170.

[0081] The signal processing device 170 may demultiplex a stream input through the tuner 110 , the demodulator 120 , or the external device interface 130 , or generate and output a signal for image or voice output by processing the demultiplexed signal.

[0082] The image signal processed by the signal processing device 170 can be input to the display 180 and displayed as an image corresponding to the corresponding image signal. In addition, the image signal processed by the signal processing device 170 can be output to an external output device through the external device interface unit 130.

[0083] The voice signal processed in the signal processing device 170 may be output as sound to the audio output unit 185. In addition, the voice signal processed in the signal processing device 170 may be input to an external output device through the external device interface unit 130.

[0084] Although not in Figure 2As shown in FIG, the signal processing device 170 may include a demultiplexing unit, an image processing unit, etc. Figure 3 Provide explanation.

[0085] In addition, the signal processing device 170 can control the overall operation of the image display device 100. For example, the signal processing device 170 can control the tuner 110 to select (tuning) an RF broadcast corresponding to a user-selected channel or a pre-stored channel.

[0086] In addition, the signal processing device 170 may control the image display device 100 according to a user instruction input through the user input interface portion 150 or an internal program.

[0087] On the other hand, the signal processing device 170 may control the display 180 to display an image. In this case, the image displayed on the display 180 may be a still image or a video.

[0088] On the other hand, the signal processing device 170 can recognize the user's location based on the image captured by the camera unit (not shown). For example, the signal processing device 170 can determine the distance (z-axis coordinate) between the user and the image display device 100. In addition, the signal processing device 170 can determine the x-axis and y-axis coordinates corresponding to the user's location within the display 180.

[0089] On the other hand, although not shown, a channel browsing processing unit may be included to generate thumbnail images corresponding to channel signals or external input signals. The channel browsing processing unit may receive the stream signal TS output by the demodulation unit 120 or the stream signal output by the external device interface unit 130, and extract images from the input stream signal to generate thumbnail images.

[0090] The generated thumbnail images may be stream-decoded together with the decoded images and input to the signal processing device 170. The signal processing device 170 may display a thumbnail list having a plurality of thumbnail images on the display 180 using the input thumbnail images.

[0091] The thumbnail list at this time may be displayed in a simplified view mode, i.e., the thumbnail list is displayed in a partial area while a predetermined image is displayed on the display 180, or in a full view mode, i.e., the thumbnail list is displayed in a majority area of ​​the display 180. The thumbnail images in such a thumbnail list may be updated sequentially.

[0092] The power supply unit 190 supplies power to the entire wireless media device 300. In particular, the power supply unit 190 can supply power to the signal processing unit 170, the communication unit 160a for communication, the image receiving unit 105, and the memory 140, which can be implemented as a system on chip (SOC).

[0093] On the other hand, the power supply part 190 may include a converter that converts AC power into DC power and a DC / DC converter that converts the level of DC power.

[0094] The communication device 160 a may perform wireless communication with the second communication device 160 b within the display device 50 .

[0095] The second communication device 160 b may perform wireless communication with the communication device 160 a within the wireless media device 300 .

[0096] The image signal and the audio signal received by the second communication device 160 b may be transmitted to the display 180 and the audio output unit 185 , respectively.

[0097] The display 180 generates a driving signal by converting an image signal, a data signal, an OSD signal, a control signal, etc. processed in the signal processing device 170 or an image signal, a data signal, a control signal, etc. received from the external device interface part 130 .

[0098] The display 180 may be an LCD, an OLED, an inorganic LED, a flexible display, etc., or may be a three-dimensional display (3D display).

[0099] On the other hand, the display 180 is configured as a touch screen and can be used as an input device in addition to an output device.

[0100] The audio output unit 185 converts the audio signal received from the second communication device 160 b into sound and outputs the sound.

[0101] On the other hand, the audio output portion 185 may have at least one speaker.

[0102] On the other hand, the power supply unit 195 supplies corresponding power to the entire display device 50. In particular, power can be supplied to the second communication device 160b for communication, the display 180, the audio output unit 185, the user input interface unit 150, etc.

[0103] On the other hand, the power supply part 195 may include a converter that converts AC power into DC power and a DC / DC converter that converts the level of DC power.

[0104] The user input interface unit 150 may transmit the user input signal to the second communication device 160b. Furthermore, the second communication device 160b may wirelessly transmit the user input signal to the communication device 160a, and the signal processing device 170 may receive the user input signal through the communication device 160a.

[0105] For example, user input signals such as power on / off, channel selection, screen setting, etc. from the remote control device 200 or user input signals input by local keys (not shown) such as the power button, channel button, volume button, and setting button can be transmitted to the signal processing device 170 via the second communication device 160b and the communication device 160a.

[0106] On the other hand, the signal processing device 170 may transmit various information or signals to the remote control device 200 via the communication device 160 a , the second communication device 160 b , and the user input interface unit 150 .

[0107] The remote control device 200 can transmit user input to the user input interface unit 150. To this end, the remote control device 200 can use Bluetooth, RF (Radio Frequency) communication, infrared (IR) communication, UWB (UltraWideband), ZigBee, etc. Furthermore, the remote control device 200 receives images, audio, or data signals output from the user input interface unit 150 and displays or outputs them on the remote control device 200.

[0108] On the other hand, the image display device 100 may be a digital broadcast receiver capable of receiving fixed-type or mobile-type digital broadcasts.

[0109] on the other hand, Figure 2 The block diagram of the image display device 100 shown is a block diagram for one embodiment of the present invention. The various components of the block diagram may be integrated, added, or omitted according to the specifications of the image display device 100 to be actually implemented. In other words, two or more components may be combined into one component, or one component may be split into two or more components as needed. Furthermore, the functions performed in each block are intended to illustrate an embodiment of the present invention, and the specific actions or devices therein do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0110] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Internal block diagram of a signal processing device.

[0111] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the signal processing device 170 according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a demultiplexing unit 310, an image processing unit 320, a processor 330, an OSD processing unit 340, a mixer 345, a frame rate conversion unit 350, a formatter 360, and an audio processing unit 370. In addition to the audio processing unit 370, the signal processing device 170 may also include a data processing unit (not shown).

[0112] The demultiplexer 310 demultiplexes the input stream. For example, if an MPEG-2 TS is input, it can be demultiplexed and separated into video, audio, and data signals. The stream signal input to the demultiplexer 310 can be a stream signal output from the tuner 110, the demodulator 120, or the external device interface 130.

[0113] The image processing unit 320 may perform image processing on the demultiplexed image signal. To this end, the image processing unit 320 may include an image decoder 225 and a scaler 235 .

[0114] The image decoder 225 decodes the demultiplexed image signal, and the scaler 235 performs scaling to enable output of the decoded image signal at a resolution on the display 180 .

[0115] The image decoder 225 may include decoders of various specifications.

[0116] The processor 330 may control the overall operation of the signal processing device 170. For example, the processor 330 may control the tuner 110 to select (tuning) an RF broadcast corresponding to a channel selected by a user or a pre-stored channel.

[0117] In addition, the processor 330 may control the image display device 100 according to a user instruction input through the user input interface portion 150 or an internal program.

[0118] In addition, the processor 330 may perform data transmission control with the network interface unit 135 or the external device interface unit 130 .

[0119] In addition, the processor 330 can control the operations of the demultiplexing unit 310 , the image processing unit 320 , the OSD processing unit 340 , and the like within the signal processing device 170 .

[0120] The OSD processing unit 340 generates an OSD signal based on user input or spontaneously. For example, based on the user input signal, it can generate a signal for displaying various information in the form of graphics or text on the screen of the display 180. The generated OSD signal can include various data such as the user interface screen of the image display device 100, various menu screens, widgets, icons, etc. In addition, the generated OSD signal can include 2D objects or 3D objects.

[0121] Furthermore, the OSD processing unit 340 can generate a cursor that can be displayed on the display based on a cursor signal input from the remote control device 200. In particular, such a cursor can be generated in a cursor signal processing unit, and the OSD processing unit 240 can include such a cursor signal processing unit (not shown). Of course, the cursor signal processing unit (not shown) can also be provided separately, rather than being included in the OSD processing unit 240.

[0122] The mixer 345 may mix the OSD signal generated by the OSD processing unit 340 with the decoded image signal after image processing by the image processing unit 320. In this case, the OSD signal and the decoded image signal may each include at least one of a 2D signal and a 3D signal. The mixed image signal is provided to the frame rate conversion unit 350.

[0123] The frame rate converter (FRC) 350 may convert the frame rate of the input image. Alternatively, the frame rate converter 350 may directly output the image without separate frame rate conversion.

[0124] On the other hand, the formatter 360 may receive the OSD signal and the decoded image signal mixed in the mixer 345 to change the format of the image signal.

[0125] Meanwhile, although not shown, a 3D processor (not shown) for 3D effect signal processing may be provided after the formatter 360. To enhance the 3D effect, this 3D processor (not shown) can adjust the brightness, color, and hue of the image signal. For example, it can perform signal processing to make close objects clear and distant objects blurry. Alternatively, the functionality of this 3D processor can be incorporated into the formatter 360 or into the image processing unit 320.

[0126] On the other hand, the audio processing unit 370 in the signal processing device 170 can process the demultiplexed audio signal or the audio signal of predetermined content. To this end, the audio processing unit 370 can include various decoders.

[0127] In addition, the audio processing unit 370 in the signal processing device 170 can process baseband (Base), treble (Treble), volume adjustment, etc.

[0128] The data processing unit (not shown) within the signal processing device 170 can perform data processing on the demultiplexed data signal. For example, if the demultiplexed data signal is an encoded data signal, it can be decoded. The encoded data signal can be EPG (Electronic Program Guide) information containing broadcast information such as the start and end times of broadcast programs shown on each channel.

[0129] On the other hand, Figure 3 , it is shown that the signals from the OSD processing unit 340 and the image processing unit 320 are mixed in the mixer 345 and then processed in the formatter 360, but the present invention is not limited thereto and the mixer may be located after the formatter.

[0130] on the other hand, Figure 3 The block diagram of the signal processing device 170 shown is a block diagram for one embodiment of the present invention. The components of the block diagram may be integrated, added, or omitted according to the specifications of the signal processing device 170 to be actually implemented.

[0131] In particular, the frame rate converter 350 and the formatter 360 may not be provided in the signal processing device 170, but may be provided separately or as a module.

[0132] Figure 4a It shows Figure 2 FIG1 is a diagram of a control method of a remote control device.

[0133] like Figure 4a As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , a cursor 205 corresponding to the remote control device 200 is displayed on the display 180 .

[0134] The user can move the remote control device 200 up and down, left and right ( Figure 4a (b)), before and after ( Figure 4a (c) movement or rotation. The cursor 205 displayed on the display 180 of the image display device corresponds to the movement of the remote control device 200. As shown in the figure, since the corresponding cursor 205 of such a remote control device 200 moves and is displayed according to the movement in the 3D space, it can be called a spatial remote control or a 3D cursor device.

[0135] Figure 4a (b) illustrates that when the user moves the remote control device 200 to the left, the cursor 205 displayed on the display 180 of the image display device also moves to the left accordingly.

[0136] Information related to the movement of the remote control device 200 detected by the sensor of the remote control device 200 is transmitted to the image display device. The image display device can calculate the coordinates of the cursor 205 from the information related to the movement of the remote control device 200. The image display device can display the cursor 205 to correspond to the calculated coordinates.

[0137] Figure 4a (c) illustrates a case where, while a specific button on remote control device 200 is pressed, the user moves remote control device 200 away from display 180. Consequently, the selected area on display 180 corresponding to cursor 205 can be zoomed in and displayed in an enlarged manner. Conversely, if the user moves remote control device 200 closer to display 180, the selected area on display 180 corresponding to cursor 205 can be zoomed out and displayed in a reduced manner. Alternatively, the selected area can be zoomed out when remote control device 200 is farther away from display 180, and zoomed in when remote control device 200 is closer to display 180.

[0138] On the other hand, while a specific button on remote control device 200 is pressed, recognition of up, down, left, and right movements may be eliminated. That is, when remote control device 200 is moved toward or away from display 180, recognition of up, down, left, and right movements may be eliminated, and only forward and backward movements may be recognized. While a specific button on remote control device 200 is not pressed, only cursor 205 moves as remote control device 200 moves up, down, left, or right.

[0139] On the other hand, the movement speed or movement direction of the cursor 205 may correspond to the movement speed or movement direction of the remote control apparatus 200 .

[0140] Figure 4b yes Figure 2 Internal block diagram of the remote control device.

[0141] , the remote control device 200 may include a wireless communication part 425 , a user input part 435 , a sensor part 440 , an output part 450 , a power supply part 460 , a storage part 470 , and a control part 480 .

[0142] The wireless communication unit 425 transmits and receives signals to and from any of the aforementioned image display devices according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0143] In this embodiment, the remote control device 200 may include an RF module 421, which can transmit and receive signals with the image display device 100 according to the RF communication standard. In addition, the remote control device 200 may include an IR module 423, which can transmit and receive signals with the image display device 100 according to the IR communication standard.

[0144] In this embodiment, the remote control apparatus 200 transmits a signal including information related to movement of the remote control apparatus 200 , etc., to the image display apparatus 100 through the RF module 421 .

[0145] In addition, the remote control device 200 can receive signals transmitted by the image display device 100 through the RF module 421. In addition, the remote control device 200 can transmit instructions related to power on / off, channel change, volume change, etc. to the image display device 100 through the IR module 423 as needed.

[0146] The user input unit 435 may be composed of a keyboard, buttons, a touchpad, or a touch screen. The user may operate the user input unit 435 to input instructions related to the image display device 100 to the remote control device 200. In the case where the user input unit 435 has hard key buttons, the user may input instructions related to the image display device 100 to the remote control device 200 by pressing the hard key buttons. In the case where the user input unit 435 has a touch screen, the user may input instructions related to the image display device 100 to the remote control device 200 by touching the soft keys of the touch screen. In addition, the user input unit 435 may have various types of input means that can be operated by the user, such as scroll keys and micro keys. This embodiment does not limit the scope of rights of the present invention.

[0147] The sensor portion 440 may include a gyro sensor 441 or an acceleration sensor 443. The gyro sensor 441 may sense information related to movement of the remote control apparatus 200.

[0148] For example, the gyro sensor 441 can sense information related to the movement of the remote control device 200 based on the x, y, and z axes. The acceleration sensor 443 can sense information related to the movement speed of the remote control device 200. Alternatively, a distance measurement sensor can be provided to sense the distance to the display 180.

[0149] The output unit 450 may output an image or voice signal corresponding to an operation of the user input unit 435 or a signal transmitted from the image display device 100. Through the output unit 450, the user may recognize whether the user input unit 435 is operated or whether the image display device 100 is controlled.

[0150] As an example, the output unit 450 may include an LED module 451 that lights up when operating the user input unit 435 or sending and receiving signals with the image display device 100 through the wireless communication unit 425, a vibration module 453 that generates vibration, a sound output module 455 that outputs sound, or a display 457 that outputs an image.

[0151] The power supply unit 460 supplies power to the remote control device 200. If the remote control device 200 does not move for a predetermined period of time, the power supply unit 460 interrupts the power supply, thereby reducing power waste. If a predetermined key provided on the remote control device 200 is operated, the power supply unit 460 resumes the power supply.

[0152] The storage unit 470 can store various programs and application data required for controlling or operating the remote control device 200. When the remote control device 200 wirelessly transmits and receives signals with the image display device 100 via the RF module 421, the remote control device 200 and the image display device 100 transmit and receive signals within a predetermined frequency band. The control unit 480 of the remote control device 200 can store information related to the frequency bands, etc., of wireless signals transmitted and received by the image display device 100 that can be paired with the remote control device 200 in the storage unit 470 for reference.

[0153] The control unit 480 controls the overall matters related to the control of the remote control device 200. The control unit 480 can transmit a signal corresponding to a prescribed key operation of the user input unit 435 or a signal corresponding to the movement of the remote control device 200 sensed by the sensor unit 440 to the image display device 100 through the wireless communication unit 425.

[0154] The user input interface unit 150 of the image display device 100 may include a wireless communication unit 151 capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving signals with the remote control device 200 , and a coordinate value calculation unit 415 capable of calculating the coordinate values ​​of the cursor corresponding to the movement of the remote control device 200 .

[0155] The user input interface 150 can wirelessly transmit and receive signals with the remote control device 200 via the RF module 412. In addition, the user input interface 150 can receive signals transmitted by the remote control device 200 via the IR module 413 according to the IR communication standard.

[0156] The coordinate value calculation unit 415 can calculate the coordinate values ​​x and y of the cursor 202 to be displayed on the display 170 by correcting hand shaking or errors from the signal corresponding to the movement of the remote control device 200 received through the wireless communication unit 151 .

[0157] The transmission signal of the remote control device 200 input to the image display device 100 through the user input interface unit 150 is transmitted to the signal processing device 180 of the image display device 100. The signal processing device 180 determines information related to the movement and key operation of the remote control device 200 from the signal transmitted by the remote control device 200, and can control the image display device 100 according to the information.

[0158] As another example, the remote control device 200 may calculate the cursor coordinate values ​​corresponding to its motion and output them to the user input interface unit 150 of the image display device 100. In this case, the user input interface unit 150 of the image display device 100 may transmit information related to the received cursor coordinate values ​​to the signal processing device 180 without requiring an additional process for correcting hand shaking or errors.

[0159] Furthermore, as another example, unlike the drawings, the coordinate value calculation unit 415 may be provided inside the signal processing device 170 instead of the user input interface unit 150 .

[0160] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Internal block diagram of the display.

[0161] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the display 180 may include an organic light-emitting panel 210, a first interface unit 230, a second interface unit 231, a timing controller 232, a gate driving unit 234, a data driving unit 236, a memory 240, a processor 270, a power supply unit 290, a current detection unit 510, etc.

[0162] The display 180 may receive an image signal Vd, a first DC power source V1 , and a second DC power source V2 , and may display a prescribed image based on the image signal Vd.

[0163] On the other hand, the first interface unit 230 in the display 180 may receive the image signal Vd and the first DC power source V1 from the signal processing device 170 .

[0164] Here, the first DC power source V1 may be used for the operations of the power supply unit 290 and the timing controller 232 in the display 180 .

[0165] In addition, the second interface unit 231 may receive the second DC power V2 from the external power supply unit 190 . Meanwhile, the second DC power V2 may be input to the data driving unit 236 in the display 180 .

[0166] The timing controller 232 may output a data driving signal Sda and a gate driving signal Sga based on the image signal Vd.

[0167] For example, when the first interface unit 230 converts the image signal Vd input and outputs the converted image signal va1 , the timing controller 232 may output the data driving signal Sda and the gate driving signal Sga based on the converted image signal va1 .

[0168] In addition to receiving the video signal Vd from the signal processing device 170 , the timing controller 232 may also receive a control signal, a vertical synchronization signal Vsync, and the like.

[0169] Furthermore, the timing controller 232 may output a gate driving signal Sga for the gate driving unit 234 and a data driving signal Sda for the data driving unit 236 based on a control signal, a vertical synchronization signal Vsync, etc., in addition to the video signal Vd.

[0170] At this time, when the panel 210 has RGBW sub-pixels, the data driving signal Sda may be a data driving signal for driving the RGBW sub-pixels.

[0171] On the other hand, the timing controller 232 may also output a control signal Cs to the gate driving unit 234 .

[0172] The gate driving unit 234 and the data driving unit 236 can supply scanning signals and image signals to the organic light emitting panel 210 through the gate lines GL and the data lines DL according to the gate driving signal Sga and the data driving signal Sda from the timing controller 232. As a result, the organic light emitting panel 210 displays a predetermined image.

[0173] On the other hand, the organic light emitting panel 210 may include an organic light emitting layer. To display an image, a plurality of gate lines GL and data lines DL may be arranged in a matrix to cross each pixel corresponding to the organic light emitting layer.

[0174] On the other hand, the data driving unit 236 may output a data signal to the organic light emitting panel 210 based on the second DC power supply V2 from the second interface unit 231 .

[0175] The power supply unit 290 may supply various power sources to the gate driving unit 234 , the data driving unit 236 , the timing controller 232 , and the like.

[0176] The current detection unit 510 can detect the current flowing in the sub-pixels of the organic light emitting panel 210. The detected current can be input to the processor 270, etc., for calculating the accumulated current.

[0177] The processor 270 may perform various controls within the display 180. For example, the processor 270 may control the gate driving unit 234, the data driving unit 236, the timing controller 232, and the like.

[0178] On the other hand, the processor 270 may receive information on the current flowing in the sub-pixels of the organic light emitting panel 210 from the current detecting unit 510 .

[0179] Furthermore, the processor 270 may calculate the accumulated current of each sub-pixel of the organic light emitting panel 210 based on the current information flowing in the sub-pixels of the organic light emitting panel 210. The calculated accumulated current may be stored in the memory 240.

[0180] On the other hand, if the accumulated current of each sub-pixel of the organic light emitting panel 210 is greater than the allowable value, the processor 270 may determine that burn-in has occurred.

[0181] For example, if the accumulated current of each sub-pixel of the organic light emitting panel 210 is greater than 300,000 A, the processor 270 may determine that the sub-pixel is burned in.

[0182] On the other hand, if the accumulated current of a portion of the sub-pixels of each organic light emitting panel 210 is close to the allowed value, the processor 270 may determine that the corresponding sub-pixels are sub-pixels that are expected to be burned in.

[0183] On the other hand, the processor 270 may determine, based on the current detected by the current detection unit 510 , that the sub-pixel having the largest cumulative current is the sub-pixel predicted to be burn-in.

[0184] Figures 6a to 6b It is explaining Figure 5 Refer to the figure when using the organic light-emitting panel.

[0185] first, Figure 6a 2 is a diagram showing pixels in the organic light emitting panel 210 .

[0186] 1 , the organic light emitting panel 210 may include a plurality of scan lines Scan 1 to Scan n and a plurality of data lines R1 , G1 , B1 , W1 to Rm, Gm, Bm, and Wm crossing the scan lines.

[0187] On the other hand, a pixel (subpixel) is defined at the intersection of the scan line and the data line in the organic light emitting panel 210. In the figure, a pixel (Pixel) having RGBW subpixels SR1, SG1, SB1, and SW1 is shown.

[0188] Figure 6b Illustrated Figure 6aA circuit for any sub-pixel within a pixel of an organic light-emitting panel.

[0189] Referring to the drawings, the organic light emitting sub-pixel (sub pixel 1) circuit CRTm is an active type and may include a scan switching device SW1, a storage capacitor Cst, a drive switching device SW2, and an organic light emitting layer OLED.

[0190] The gate terminal of the scan switching device SW1 is connected to the scan line Scan line and is turned on according to the input scan signal Vdscan. When turned on, the input data signal Vdata is transmitted to the gate terminal of the drive switching device SW2 or one end of the storage capacitor Cst.

[0191] The storage capacitor Cst is formed between the gate and source terminals of the driving switching device SW2 and stores a prescribed difference between a data signal level delivered to one end of the storage capacitor Cst and a DC power source VDD level delivered to the other end of the storage capacitor Cst.

[0192] For example, when the data signals have different levels according to a PAM (Plus Amplitude Modulation) method, the power level stored in the storage capacitor Cst changes according to the difference in the level of the data signal Vdata.

[0193] As another example, when the data signal has different pulse widths according to a PWM (Plus Width Modulation) method, the power level stored in the storage capacitor Cst changes according to the difference in the pulse width of the data signal Vdata.

[0194] The driving switch device SW2 is turned on according to the power level stored in the storage capacitor Cst. When the driving switch device SW2 is turned on, a driving current IOLED proportional to the stored power level flows in the organic light emitting layer OLED. As a result, the organic light emitting layer OLED performs a light emitting operation.

[0195] The organic light emitting layer OLED includes RGBW light emitting layers EML corresponding to the sub-pixels, and may include at least one of a hole injection layer HIL, a hole transport layer HTL, an electron transport layer ETL, and an electron injection layer EIL. In addition, it may also include a hole blocking layer, etc.

[0196] On the other hand, sub-pixels (sub pixel 1) in the organic light-emitting layer OLED all output white light, but in the case of green, red, and blue sub-pixels, additional color filters are provided to achieve color. That is, in the case of green, red, and blue sub-pixels, green, red, and blue color filters are also provided, respectively. On the other hand, in the case of white sub-pixels, since they output white light, no additional color filters are required.

[0197] On the other hand, the figure illustrates the case where the scan switch device SW1 and the drive switch device SW2 are p-type MOSFETs, but n-type MOSFETs may also be used. In addition, switching devices such as JFETs, IGBTs, or SICs may also be used.

[0198] On the other hand, a pixel is a hold-type device that continuously emits light in the organic light-emitting layer OLED after a scan signal is applied within a unit display time, specifically, within a unit frame.

[0199] Figure 7 It is explaining Figure 2 The figure is referred to when the communication device and the second communication device are used.

[0200] 1 , the communication device 160 a may include 2*2 MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output) antennas ANTa1 to ANTa4 and a processor 165 a .

[0201] The communication device 160a can output beams in a plurality of sectors based on the 2*2 MIMO antennas ANTa1 to ANTa4.

[0202] The communication device 160a can perform wireless communication based on the 802.11ad / ay standard, thereby enabling stable wireless transmission of media data.

[0203] The processor 165a can control as follows: during the first period, a first signal based on a beam of a first shape that changes sequentially in sectors is transmitted; during the third period, a second signal based on a beam of the first shape is received from the display device 50 according to the selection of the wireless media device 300 of the display device 50; during the fourth period, the association with the display device 50 is recognized based on the network address information in the second signal; during the fifth period, a third signal based on a beam of a second shape with an angle smaller than the first shape is transmitted; and during the sixth period, wireless media transmission is performed to the display device 50 based on the beam of the second shape.

[0204] On the other hand, the second communication device 160b may include 2*2 based MIMO antennas ANTb1 ˜ ANTb4 and a second processor 165b .

[0205] The second communication device 160b can output beams in a plurality of sectors based on the 2*2 MIMO antennas ANTb1 to ANTb4.

[0206] The second communication device 160b may perform wireless communication based on the 802.11ad / ay standard.

[0207] The second processor 165b can perform the following control: during the first period, receive a first signal based on a beam of a first shape that changes sequentially among sectors; during the second period, select the wireless media device 300 based on the first signal; during the third period, transmit a second signal based on a beam of the first shape that includes network address information; during the fourth period, recognize the association with the wireless media device 300; during the fifth period, receive a third signal based on a beam of a second shape that has an angle smaller than the first shape; during the sixth period, display an image on the display based on the wireless media reception based on the beam of the second shape.

[0208] Figure 8 This is a flowchart showing the operation of the image display device.

[0209] Referring to the drawing, during a first period S910, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 in the image display device 100 transmits a first signal based on a first-shaped beam that sequentially changes sectors. Alternatively, the first period S910 may be referred to as a scanning period.

[0210] In the second period S920, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 in the image display device 100 selects any one beam from the received beams. On the other hand, the second period S920 can be named a Basic Service Set (BSS) joining period.

[0211] For example, during the second period S920 , the second communication device 160 b in the display device 50 may select the beam output by the wireless media device 300 instead of other wireless media devices.

[0212] On the other hand, during the second period S920, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 extracts the beacon signal in the first signal based on the beam of the first shape, and can roughly grasp the location information of the wireless media device 300 based on the beacon signal.

[0213] Furthermore, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 transmits a second signal based on the beam of the first shape. The second signal may include information related to the second communication device 160b. For example, the second signal may include sector information.

[0214] In a third period S930 following the second period S920, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 receives a second signal based on the first-shaped beam from the display device 50. On the other hand, the third period S930 may be referred to as a sector level sweep (SLS) period.

[0215] On the other hand, during the third period S930, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 may select any one of the plurality of sectors.

[0216] For example, during the third period S930, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 may select any one of the plurality of sectors based on the sector information in the second signal.

[0217] In a fourth period S940 following the third period S930, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 recognizes the association with the display device 50 based on the network address information (eg, MAC address information) in the second signal. The fourth period S940 can be referred to as an association period.

[0218] On the other hand, during the fourth period S940 , the communication device 160 a in the wireless media device 300 may recognize the association with the display device 50 based on the network address information and the communicable channel information in the second signal.

[0219] In a fifth period S950 following the fourth period S940, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 transmits a third signal using a second beam having a smaller angle than the first beam. The fifth period S950 may be referred to as a MIMO beamforming period.

[0220] During the fifth period S950, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 may select any one beam from a plurality of beams in the selected sector.

[0221] Furthermore, during the fifth period S950, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 may output a beam having a second shape having a narrower beam width than the first shape based on the selected sector.

[0222] In a sixth period S960 following the fifth period S950, wireless medium transmission is performed to the display device 50 based on the beam of the second shape. The sixth period S960 may be referred to as a data transfer period.

[0223] Meanwhile, communication device 160a within wireless media device 300 determines whether an error has occurred during wireless media transmission. If no error has occurred, communication device 160a controls the device to continue executing the sixth period S960. If an error has occurred, communication device 160a selectively controls the device to re-execute the fifth to sixth periods S950-S960, the third to sixth periods S930-S960, or the first to sixth periods S910-S960, depending on the scope of the error. This allows for efficient error recovery tailored to the error scope.

[0224] On the other hand, when wirelessly receiving media, the second communication device 160b can selectively control the device to re-execute the fifth to sixth periods S950-S960, the third to sixth periods S930-S960, or the first to sixth periods S910-S960, depending on the error range. This allows for efficient error recovery tailored to the error range.

[0225] Figure 9 It is explaining Figure 8 Refer to the figure when using .

[0226] With reference to the accompanying drawings, Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating a beamforming process.

[0227] first, Figure 9 (a) illustrates a case where a beam of a first shape with sectors sequentially changed is output from the communication device 160a as shown in step S910. At this time, the second communication device 160b can perform scanning.

[0228] Figure 9 (b) illustrates a case where the second communication device 160b receives a plurality of beams.

[0229] Figure 9 (c) illustrates a case where the communication device 160a outputs a beam corresponding to any one sector among a plurality of beams. Correspondingly, the second communication device 160b receives the beam of the corresponding sector.

[0230] Figure 9 (d) illustrates a case where the second communication device 160b performs beam tracking. The second communication device 160b can select any one beam from the received plurality of beams based on the strength of the beam, etc.

[0231] Figures 10a to 12c This is a diagram to be referred to when explaining the operation of the wireless media device according to the present invention.

[0232] Figure 10a This is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a training field used for beam training.

[0233] Referring to the accompanying drawings, a training field based on the 802.11ad standard may include an AGC (Automatic Gain Control) field and a plurality of training units (TRN Unit 0, TRN Unit 1, ...).

[0234] On the other hand, the AGC field may include a plurality of AGC information AGC1 - AGC8 .

[0235] On the other hand, the first training unit TRN Unit0 may include channel estimation information (ChannelEstimation) CE and a plurality of TRN information TRN1-4, and the second training unit TRN Unit1 may include channel estimation information CE and a plurality of TRN information TRN5-8.

[0236] Figure 10b Illustrated Figure 10a The internal structure of the AGC information.

[0237] Referring to the drawings, AGC information can be divided into AGC information for control mode and AGC information for SC (single carrier) mode.

[0238] On the other hand, the AGC information for the control mode and the AGC information for the SC mode may each have five Ga64 sequences.

[0239] Figure 10c Illustrated Figure 10a The internal structure of the channel estimation information CE.

[0240] Referring to the drawings, the channel estimation information CE may include five Golay sequences for performing channel estimation.

[0241] Figure 11a This is a diagram illustrating another example of the structure of a training range used for beam training.

[0242] Referring to the drawings, a training field based on the 802.11ay standard may include T training sub-fields TRN, a plurality of training units TRN Unit1 to TRN UnitL, and P training sub-fields TRN.

[0243] The T training sub-fields TRN are used as fields for transition time and do not perform any action.

[0244] On the other hand, the first training unit TRN Unit1 among the plurality of training units TRN Unit1 ˜TRN UnitL may include N training sub-fields TRN.

[0245] On the other hand, each of the N training sub-fields TRN may use a different transmit antenna weight vector index (Transmit AWV index).

[0246] On the other hand, the AGC may operate whenever the antenna weight vector index (AWV index) changes.

[0247] On the other hand, P training subfields TRN can play the same role as Figures 10a to 10c The channel estimation information CE has the same function.

[0248] Figure 11b Illustrated Figure 11a The internal structure of the training subfield TRN.

[0249] Referring to the drawings, the training sub-field TRN may include 6 Golay sequences.

[0250] Figure 11c This is a diagram illustrating another example of the structure of a training field used for beam training.

[0251] Referring to the drawings, a training field based on the 802.11ay standard may include T training sub-fields TRN, a plurality of training units TRN Unit1 to TRN UnitL, and P training sub-fields TRN.

[0252] The T training sub-fields TRN are used as fields for transition time and do not perform any action.

[0253] On the other hand, the first training unit TRN Unit1 among the plurality of training units TRN Unit1 ˜TRN UnitL may include P training subfields TRN and N training subfields TRN.

[0254] On the other hand, the same transmit antenna weight vector index (Transmit AWV index) is applied to C training units TRN Unit1 -TRN UnitC among the plurality of training units TRN Unit1 -TRN UnitL.

[0255] On the other hand, P training subfields TRN can play the same role as Figures 10a to 10c The channel estimation information CE has the same function.

[0256] On the other hand, within the C×M training subfields TRN, the receive antenna weight vector index (ReceiveAWV index) may be changed and received.

[0257] Figure 11d This is a diagram illustrating another example of the structure of a training field used for beam training.

[0258] Referring to the drawings, a training field based on the 802.11ay standard may include L training units TRN Unit1 to TRN UnitL and P training sub-fields TRN.

[0259] The first training unit TRN Unit1 among the plurality of training units TRN Unit1 ˜TRN UnitL may include 10 training sub-fields.

[0260] On the other hand, in the plurality of training units TRN Unit1 to TRN UnitL, the same transmit antenna weight vector index (Transmit AWV index) can be applied, and the P training sub-fields TRN can play the same role as Figures 10a to 10c The channel estimation information CE has the same function.

[0261] On the other hand, within the 10×L training subfields TRN, the receive antenna weight vector index (ReceiveAWV index) may be changed and reception may be performed.

[0262] Figure 11e The frame structure for single-mode PPDU (PHY protocol data unit) transmission is illustrated.

[0263] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the data frame DMG based on 802.11ad may include an L-STF (legacy-short training field) corresponding to training information, an L-CEF (legacy-channel estimation field) corresponding to channel estimation information, an L-header (legacy-header), data, AGC, and a training subfield TRN.

[0264] The 802.11ay-based EDMG data frame may include an L-STF corresponding to training information, an L-CEF corresponding to channel estimation information, an L-header, a Header-A, an E-STF (EDMG-short training field) corresponding to training information, an E-CEF (EDMG-channel estimation field) corresponding to channel estimation information, data, and a training subfield TRN.

[0265] On the other hand, in the data frame EDMG based on 802.11ay, L-STF, L-CEF, L-CEF, L-header, and Header-ASMS can be used for duplicate transmission, and E-CEF, data, and training subfield TRN can be used for wideband transmission.

[0266] Figures 12a to 12b This is a diagram explaining channel estimation using a Golay sequence.

[0267] Figure 12a The case of adding a first pattern Ga and a second pattern Gb in a Golay sequence is illustrated.

[0268] Figure 12b The example shows a case where the first pattern Ga and the second pattern Gb are respectively operated using the transfer function H and the Golay correlator, and the results are added using an adder.

[0269] Figure 12c is a diagram illustrating the beamforming steps.

[0270] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the SLS phase is related to the Sector Level Sweep, which performs beam training on an area divided into larger areas. Figure 9(a) can correspond to the SLS phase.

[0271] Beamforming in BTI performs beam training on an initiator (eg, wireless media device 300 ) such as a PCP.

[0272] Beamforming in A-BFT performs beam training on a responder (eg, the display device 50 ) such as an NPCP.

[0273] The BRP setup subphase exchanges beam refinement capability information and requests the BRP subphase to run.

[0274] The multi-sector ID acquisition subphase (MIDC subphase) may include a multi-sector ID subphase (MID subphase) and a beam confirmation subphase (BC subphase).

[0275] The multi-sector ID subphase (MID subphase) tests quasi-omni transmission patterns for multiple receive antenna weight vectors (receive AWVs), and the beam confirmation subphase (BC subphase) tests combinations of transmit antenna weight vectors (transmit AWVs) and receive antenna weight vectors (receive AWVs).

[0276] on the other hand, Figure 9 (b) may correspond to the multi-sector ID subphase (MID subphase), Figure 9 (c) may correspond to the beam confirmation subphase (BC subphase).

[0277] The beam refinement procedure phase (BRP phase) may include base station feedback (BS-FBCK) and channel measurement.

[0278] Beam refinement is a request / response based process, and the PCP / NPCP can request additional transmit beam / receive beam training.

[0279] Beam tracking can include base station feedback (BS-FBCK) and channel measurement.

[0280] Beam tracking can be performed during a Data Transfer Interval (DTI).

[0281] On the other hand, the initiator (eg, wireless media device 300 ) may request beam tracking for the initiator (eg, wireless media device 300 ) or the responder (eg, display device 50 ).

[0282] on the other hand, Figure 9 (d) may correspond to a beam refinement program phase (BRP phase) or beam tracking (Beamtracking).

[0283] Figure 13 is a flow chart showing the operation of the wireless media device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0284] 14. Referring to the drawings, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 according to the embodiment of the present invention performs first filtering at a first response speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 (S1410).

[0285] Next, the communication device 160a performs a second filtering response at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality (link quality) between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 (S1415).

[0286] Then, it is determined whether the difference between the result of the first filter and the result of the second filter is greater than the set value (S1420). If so, it is determined that there is blockage between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 (S1430), and the currently used beam can be controlled to be abandoned (S1435) and beam tracking can be performed (S1440).

[0287] On the other hand, the communication device 160a selects and manages a beam candidate group based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. When the difference between the result of the first filter and the result of the second filter is greater than a set value, the communication device 160a can be controlled to perform beam tracking based on a plurality of candidate beams within the beam candidate group.

[0288] On the other hand, when performing beam tracking, the communication device 160a can select a beam with the best or optimal link quality measured between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. This allows for rapid execution of beam tracking based on obstruction detection.

[0289] Then, the communication device 160a can transmit the media data using the selected beam (S1445), thereby enabling stable transmission of the media data.

[0290] On the other hand, in step S1420, if the difference between the first filtering result and the second filtering result is less than the set value, the communication device 160a does not perform beam tracking, but may continue to transmit media data using the current beam (S1425). This allows for stable transmission of media data.

[0291] Specifically, the communication device 160a within the wireless media device 300 of the embodiment of the present invention performs a first filtering operation at a first speed and a second filtering operation at a second speed slower than the first speed, based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. Beam tracking is then performed based on the difference between the results of the first filtering and the second filtering. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on occlusion detection. In particular, by changing the beam when occlusion is detected, media data can be stably transmitted.

[0292] On the other hand, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 of the embodiment of the present invention can select a beam candidate group based on the link quality measured between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. The beam candidate group selection can be performed together with the beam tracking described above.

[0293] To perform beam tracking, the communication device 160a may transmit a plurality of beams in different directions according to the transmission angle.

[0294] At this time, the communication device 160a may select a beam candidate group based on the measured link quality.

[0295] On the other hand, the communication device 160a may divide a plurality of regions for the beam candidate group, and select and manage candidate beams in a part of the plurality of regions.

[0296] On the other hand, the communication device 160a can select a first number of beams as candidates in a first area to which the first beam belongs among a plurality of areas, select a second number of beams as candidates in a second area adjacent to the first area along a first direction among a plurality of areas, and select a third number of beams as candidates in a third area adjacent to the first area along a second direction among a plurality of areas.

[0297] On the other hand, the first area may be an area where the beam with the highest link quality is located.

[0298] Alternatively, the first area may be an area corresponding to a LOS (Line of Sight) path.

[0299] On the other hand, the second region may be a region arranged in the vertical direction of the first region, and the third region may be a region arranged in the horizontal direction of the first region.

[0300] On the other hand, when selecting a plurality of candidate beams from a plurality of regions, the communication device 160a may select a different number of candidate beams in the first region to the third region, respectively.

[0301] For example, the communication device 160a may select candidate beams in such a manner that the second number is greater than the first number and the second number is greater than the third number.

[0302] As another example, the communication device 160a may select candidate beams in such a manner that the third number is greater than the first number.

[0303] On the other hand, since most of the first area corresponds to the front direction, the communication device 160a may select only one best beam (beast beam) in the first area as a candidate beam.

[0304] On the other hand, considering the possibility that the second region is selected due to side lobes, the communication device 160a may select approximately six beams as candidate beams.

[0305] On the other hand, since the third area is more likely to not exist than the second area, the communication device 160a may select approximately four beams as candidate beams.

[0306] On the other hand, the plurality of regions may further include a fourth region where no candidate beam is selected.

[0307] On the other hand, since the probability of a good beam existing in the fourth area is low, the communication device 160a may not select a candidate beam.

[0308] on the other hand, Figure 13 The operation of the wireless media device 300 described in can also be applied directly to the operation of the display device 50.

[0309] The second communication device 160 b in the display device 50 according to the embodiment of the present invention may perform first filtering in response to a first speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 .

[0310] Next, the second communication device 160 b in the display device 50 may perform a second filtering response at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 .

[0311] Then, when the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is greater than a set value, it is determined that there is blockage between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50, and control can be performed to abandon the currently used beam and perform beam tracking.

[0312] On the other hand, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 selects and manages a beam candidate group based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. When the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is greater than a set value, beam tracking can be performed based on a plurality of candidate beams in the beam candidate group.

[0313] On the other hand, when performing beam tracking, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 can select the beam with the best or optimal link quality measured between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on occlusion detection.

[0314] Then, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 can receive the media data using the selected beam, thereby enabling stable reception of the media data.

[0315] On the other hand, if the difference between the first and second filtering results is less than the set value, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 does not perform beam tracking but can continue to use the current beam to receive media data. This allows for stable reception of media data.

[0316] Specifically, the second communication device 160b within the display device 50 of the embodiment of the present invention performs a first filtering operation at a first speed and a second filtering operation at a second speed slower than the first speed, based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. Beam tracking is then performed based on the difference between the results of the first and second filtering operations. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on occlusion detection. In particular, by changing the beam when occlusion is detected, media data can be stably received.

[0317] On the other hand, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 of the embodiment of the present invention can select a beam candidate group based on the link quality measured between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50. The beam candidate group selection can be performed together with the beam tracking described above.

[0318] In order to perform beam tracking, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 may transmit a plurality of beams in different directions according to the transmission angle.

[0319] At this time, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 may select a beam candidate group based on the measured link quality.

[0320] On the other hand, the second communication device 160b in the display device 50 may divide a plurality of regions for the beam candidate group, and select and manage candidate beams in a part of the plurality of regions.

[0321] Figures 14a to 16c It is explaining Figure 13 Refer to the figure when using .

[0322] first, Figure 14a This diagram illustrates a situation where, when a plurality of beams are output from the wireless media device 300 to the display device 50 , an object OBJ exists between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 , thereby causing occlusion.

[0323] Referring to the drawings, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 can transmit a plurality of beams BM1, BM2, BM3, ... in different directions according to the transmission angle.

[0324] For example, the first beam BM1 among the plurality of beams BM1, BM2, BM3, ... may be a LOS beam corresponding to a LOS path, and the second beam BM2 or the third beam BM3 may be a beam corresponding to a side lobe.

[0325] As shown in the figure, at the first time point T1, when blockage occurs due to the object OBJ, if the LOS beam is still used, the media data transmission will become unsmooth.

[0326] Therefore, in the present invention, blockage detection is performed immediately based on periodic link quality measurement rather than a request from the wireless media device 300 or the display device 50. If blockage is detected, beam tracking is performed immediately.

[0327] Specifically, the communication device 160a within the wireless media device 300 of the embodiment of the present invention performs first filtering at a first speed and second filtering at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50, and performs beam tracking based on the difference between the results of the first filtering and the second filtering. This allows for rapid beam tracking based on occlusion detection.

[0328] For example, when communication device 160a within wireless media device 300 is transmitting media data using first beam BM1, which is a LOS beam, as shown in the figure, if blockage occurs due to object OBJ, it can switch to second beam BM2, which is an upper beam above the LOS beam. In this case, second beam BM2 can be output toward the ceiling, reflected by the ceiling, and then reach display device 50. By switching beams when blockage is detected, media data can be transmitted stably.

[0329] Next, Figure 14b 3 is a diagram illustrating a situation where the object OBJ between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 disappears.

[0330] As shown in the figure, at a second time point T1 after the first time point T1, if the object OBJ between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 disappears, the communication device 160a in the wireless media device 300 can reuse the first beam BM1, which was the beam before the beam change, instead of the second beam BM2. This enables stable media data transmission based on the removal of obstruction detection.

[0331] Figure 15a 160a is a diagram illustrating the operation of the first filter and the second filter in the communication device 160a.

[0332] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the processor 165a within the communication device 160a performs a first filtering that responds at a first speed through the first filter 1505, and performs a second filtering that responds at a second speed slower than the first speed through the second filter 1507, and compares the difference between the results of the first filtering and the results of the second filtering through the predictor 1510, and outputs a prediction result or detection result RS of the occlusion (Blockage) between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50.

[0333] The first filter 1505 and the second filter 1507 may be IIR filters and may perform filtering according to the following Math. 1.

[0334] [Mathematical formula 1]

[0335] Y (i) =a·X+(1-a)·Y (i-1)

[0336] Here, X, which is the received signal strength RSSI or signal-to-noise ratio SNR, may be the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 , a may be a filter coefficient, and Y may be the filtered result value.

[0337] On the other hand, preferably, the coefficient a of the first filter 1505 is greater than the coefficient a of the second filter 1507 .

[0338] On the other hand, the first filter 1505 may respond at a first speed based on link quality, and the second filter 1507 may respond at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality.

[0339] Thus, the first filter 1505 may be a short term IIR filter, and the second filter 1507 may be a long term IIR filter.

[0340] Figure 15b This is an example of Figure 15a Graph GRb of a result of filtering performed by the first filter 1505 and graph GRc of a result of filtering performed by the second filter 1507.

[0341] Referring to the drawings, the GRa graph may illustrate an instantaneous value of the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50, the GRb graph may illustrate a result of filtering performed by the first filter 1505, and the GRc graph may illustrate a result of filtering performed by the second filter 1507.

[0342] The first filter 1505 is a short term IIR filter, and thus, as shown in the figure, the result of filtering performed by the first filter 1505 is almost close to the instantaneous value of the link quality.

[0343] On the other hand, the second filter 1507 is a long term IIR filter. Therefore, as shown in the figure, the filtering result performed by the second filter 1507 shows a large difference from the instantaneous value of the link quality.

[0344] The communication device 160a of the present invention can detect the obstruction determination time point Pka and the obstruction release determination time point PKd using the graph GRb of the filtering result performed by the first filter 1505 and the graph GRc of the filtering result performed by the second filter 1507.

[0345] The communication device 160a performs first filtering that responds at a first speed and second filtering that responds at a second speed slower than the first speed, respectively, based on link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 .

[0346] That is, the communication device 160a may perform a first filtering based on a first coefficient and a second filtering based on a second coefficient smaller than the first coefficient, respectively.

[0347] On the other hand, if the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is greater than or equal to a set value, the communication device 160a may determine the corresponding time point as the obstruction determination time point Pka.

[0348] Thus, the communication device 160a can be controlled to perform beam tracking immediately after the obstruction determination time point Pka. Thus, beam tracking can be quickly performed based on obstruction detection.

[0349] In this case, in order to achieve faster beam tracking, the communication device 160a can perform beam tracking using candidate beams in the previously managed beam candidate group. This makes it possible to achieve faster beam tracking.

[0350] As a result, if the difference between the results of the first filtering and the second filtering is greater than a set value, the communication device 160a can determine that blocking has occurred between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 and perform beam change through beam tracking.

[0351] For example, before the occlusion judgment time point Pka, if Figure 14aAs shown, the communication device 160a can use the first beam BM1, and after the shielding determination time point Pka, it can be changed to the second beam BM2.

[0352] That is, if the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is greater than a set value, the communication device 160a can change the LOS (line of sight) beam to a beam above the LOS beam through beam tracking.

[0353] On the other hand, if the difference between the result of the first filter and the result of the second filter is greater than the set value, the communication device 160a determines that blocking has occurred, and after being determined as blocking, if the level of the result of the second filter rises in stages, so that the difference between the result of the first filter and the result of the second filter changes to less than the set value, it can be determined that the blocking has been lifted.

[0354] The figure illustrates that from the Pka time point to the PKb time point, the result of the first filtering is smaller than the result of the second filtering, and from the PKb time point to the PKd time point, the result of the first filtering is larger than the result of the second filtering.

[0355] In addition, the figure illustrates a case where the level of the result of the second filtering rises from the time point Pkc and rises step by step until the time point Pkd.

[0356] Referring to the GRb graph, the result of filtering performed by the first filter 1505 differs from the instantaneous value of the link quality starting from the PKb time point, but is almost similar to the instantaneous value starting from the Pkc time point.

[0357] Although the obstruction is actually released at the time point Pkc, the obstruction may reoccur after the time point Pkc. Therefore, the communication device 160a of the embodiment of the present invention performs the obstruction release judgment according to whether the result level of the second filtering rises step by step.

[0358] That is, the communication device 160a can determine that the obstruction is lifted at the time point Pkd when the result level of the second filter rises step by step and the difference between the result of the first filter and the result of the second filter changes to less than the set value after the obstruction judgment time point Pka.

[0359] Therefore, during the period Tad between the obstruction detection time point Pka and the obstruction release detection time point PKd, the communication device 160a can change the beam from the first beam BM1 to the second beam BM2 through beam tracking. Furthermore, after the obstruction release detection time point PKd, the communication device 160a can reuse the first beam BM1 before the beam change. This enables stable media data transmission based on the release of obstruction detection.

[0360] Figure 16a FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating performance evaluation when beam tracking is performed in response to a request.

[0361] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the transmitter was set to wireless media device 300, the receiver was set to display device 50, the straight-line distances (LOS distances) between wireless media device 300 and display device 50 were set to 4m, 4.19m, and 4.19m, respectively. The corresponding distances including the reflection path from the ceiling were set to 5.77m, 5.91m, and 5.91m, and an experiment was conducted to account for blockage.

[0362] from Figure 16a It can be confirmed that when the occlusion between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 occurred 819, 814, and 723 times respectively, the LOS beam, i.e., the first beam BM1, was still set according to the request of the wireless media device 300 or the display device 50, which occurred 459, 459, and 434 times respectively.

[0363] On the other hand, from Figure 16a It can be confirmed that when the occlusion between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 occurred 819, 814, and 723 times respectively, the second beam BM2 was changed instead of the LOS beam, i.e., the first beam BM1, based on the request of the wireless media device 300 or the display device 50, 360, 360, and 289 times respectively.

[0364] Figure 16b This is a diagram illustrating performance evaluation when beam tracking is performed based on periodic link quality.

[0365] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the transmitter was set to wireless media device 300, the receiver was set to display device 50, the straight-line distances (LOS distances) between wireless media device 300 and display device 50 were set to 4m, 4.19m, and 4.19m, respectively. The corresponding distances including the reflection path from the ceiling were set to 5.77m, 5.91m, and 5.91m, and an experiment was conducted to account for blockage.

[0366] from Figure 16b It can be confirmed that when the occlusion between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 occurred 803, 807, and 817 times respectively, the beam tracking performed based on the periodic link quality was still set to the LOS beam, that is, the first beam BM1, which occurred 0, 0, and 0 times respectively.

[0367] from Figure 16bIt can be confirmed that when the obstruction between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50 occurred 803, 807, and 817 times respectively, the beam tracking performed based on the periodic link quality was changed to the second beam BM2 instead of the LOS beam, that is, the first beam BM1, 803, 807, and 817 times respectively.

[0368] Figure 16c It is a comparison Figure 16a The results of TPA and Figure 16b The results of TPB are shown in Fig.

[0369] With reference to the accompanying drawings, it can be confirmed that Figure 16a In the case where beam tracking is performed according to a request from the wireless media device 300 or the display device 50, the results are 360 / 819, 360 / 814, and 289 / 723, which are 43.96%, 20.02%, and 39.97% lower results, respectively.

[0370] On the other hand, it can be confirmed that Figure 16b In the case where beam tracking is performed based on periodic link quality, the results are 803 / 803, 807 / 807, and 817 / 817, which are 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively.

[0371] Thus, by performing a first filtering that responds at a first speed and a second filtering that responds at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device 300 and the display device 50, and performing beam tracking based on the difference between the results of the first filtering and the second filtering, rapid and stable media data transmission can be achieved.

[0372] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. A person skilled in the art can perform various modified implementations thereof without departing from the technical idea of ​​the present invention for protection in the scope of the rights. Such modified implementations should not be understood separately from the technical idea or prospects of the present invention.

[0373] Industrial Applicability

[0374] The present invention can be applied to an image display device that can quickly perform beam tracking based on occlusion detection.

Claims

1. A wireless media device, wherein: include: a signal processing device for processing image signals or audio signals; as well as a communication device for wirelessly transmitting the signal from the signal processing device to an external display device; The communication device performs first filtering that responds at a first speed and second filtering that responds at a second speed slower than the first speed based on the link quality between the wireless media device and the display device, and performs beam tracking based on the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering.

2. The wireless media device according to claim 1, wherein The communication device controls to execute the beam tracking when a difference between a result of the first filtering and a result of the second filtering is equal to or greater than a set value.

3. The wireless media device of claim 1, wherein: The communication device selects a beam candidate group based on link quality between the wireless media device and the display device and manages the beam candidate group; When a difference between a result of the first filtering and a result of the second filtering is equal to or greater than a set value, the communication device controls so as to perform the beam tracking based on a plurality of candidate beams in the beam candidate group.

4. The wireless media device of claim 1, wherein: When the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is greater than a set value, the communication device determines that an obstruction has occurred between the wireless media device and the display device, and performs beam change by the beam tracking.

5. The wireless media device of claim 1 , wherein: When the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is smaller than a set value, the communication device does not perform the beam tracking but continues to use the current beam.

6. The wireless media device of claim 1, wherein: The communication device performs the first filtering based on a first coefficient and the second filtering based on a second coefficient smaller than the first coefficient, respectively.

7. The wireless media device of claim 1, wherein: When a difference between a result of the first filtering and a result of the second filtering is equal to or greater than a set value, the communication device changes the line-of-sight beam to a beam above the line-of-sight beam through the beam tracking.

8. The wireless media device of claim 1, wherein: When the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering is greater than the set value, the communication device determines that an obstruction has occurred, and after the obstruction is determined, if the level of the result of the second filtering rises in stages and the difference between the result of the first filtering and the result of the second filtering changes to be less than the set value, it is determined that the obstruction is lifted.

9. The wireless media device of claim 8, wherein: The communication device performs beam change by the beam tracking between the obstruction determination time point and the obstruction release determination time point, and reuses the beam before the beam change after the obstruction release determination time point.

10. The wireless media device of claim 1, wherein: The communication device transmits a first signal based on a beam of a first shape that changes sequentially in sectors during a first period, receives a second signal based on a beam of the first shape from the display device during a third period based on the selection of the wireless media device of the display device during a second period, recognizes connection with the display device based on network address information in the second signal during a fourth period, transmits a third signal based on a beam of a second shape having an angle smaller than the first shape during a fifth period, and performs wireless media transmission to the display device based on the beam of the second shape during a sixth period.

11. An image display device, wherein: include: display device; as well as The wireless media device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

Images