Attractant for harmonia axyridis as well as preparation method and application of attractant

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of plant protection attractants, in particular to a ladybird attractant as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the ladybird attractant comprises a compound of 100mg / mL of 3, 7-dimethyldecane and 100mg / mL of 2-octyldecane-1-alcohol in a volume ratio of 1: 1. The attractant provided by the invention can obviously attract the heteroladybird, the proportion of attracted female insects to attracted male insects is close to 1: 1, and the attractant is helpful to attract amphiprotic aphids, aleyrodids, lepidoptera larvae and other agricultural insect enrichment areas in a balanced manner, so that the mating search time is shortened, and the mating quality and the egg laying amount are improved. The main components of the paradise axyridis attractant are all derived from paradise axyridis volatile matters, so that the paradise axyridis attractant is environment-friendly and safe to non-target organisms, has a natural pest control effect on aphids, whiteflies, lepidoptera larvae and other agricultural pests on plants, and has the effects of protecting crops and reducing the invasion of the agricultural pests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of plant protection attractants and relates to a Coccinella polymorpha attractant and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the integrated management of agricultural pests, the use of natural enemies is an important means of biological control. This method utilizes predatory or parasitic insects in nature to control pest populations, achieving the goal of controlling pests with insects. It is an efficient, green, and environmentally friendly control method. Therefore, the conservation of natural enemies is particularly important.

[0003] The Hippodamia variegata, a member of the Coleoptera order, Coccinellidae family, is a predatory insect with a large appetite and a wide range of diets. It preys on a variety of aphids, such as cotton, peach, corn, and bean aphids, as well as the eggs and larvae of various Lepidoptera, such as the eggs and larvae of the fall armyworm and the larvae of the tomato leafminer. Both larvae and adults of the Hippodamia variegata possess excellent predatory abilities and are highly resistant to adverse conditions. It is one of the dominant predatory natural enemies in Xinjiang and holds great promise as a biological control technology for a variety of agricultural pests.

[0004] The number of field populations of Coccinella multicolor directly impacts the effectiveness of agricultural pest control. Egg-laying is a crucial process for the rapid expansion of its population. Therefore, encouraging concentrated egg-laying is one method to rapidly increase its population. This facilitates the expansion of wild populations, which in turn can prey on a large number of harmful insects, such as aphids, reducing their populations and minimizing crop damage. This effectively keeps pest losses within economic thresholds and significantly enhances the effectiveness of natural agricultural pest control.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a conservation method for natural enemy insects that is efficient, simple, environmentally friendly, friendly to the environment, ecology, and non-target organisms, and conducive to sustainable agricultural development. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a multi-color ladybird attractant and its preparation method and application. The attractant is made based on a multi-color ladybird insect extract. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0007] A Coccinella multicolor attractant is a compound containing 50 mg / mL 3,7-dimethyldecane and 50 mg / mL 2-octyldecane-1-ol.

[0008] The method for preparing the multi-color ladybird attractant comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Dissolve 3,7-dimethyldecane in paraffin oil to prepare a 100 mg / mL 3,7-dimethyldecane solution;

[0010] Step 2: Dissolve 2-octyldecane-1-ol in paraffin oil to prepare a 100 mg / mL 2-octyldecane-1-ol solution;

[0011] Step 3: Mix 100 mg / mL 3,7-dimethyldecane solution and 100 mg / mL 2-octyldecane-1-ol solution in a 1:1 volume ratio.

[0012] A use of the above-mentioned Coccinella multicolor attractant is used for preparing an attractant core or an attractant paper.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention solves the problems of low conservation efficiency, high ecological risk, and complex operation of Coccinella multicolor in the existing technology through a specific compound formula, an environmentally friendly ingredient system, and a simple preparation process, providing a better solution for the biological control of agricultural pests, especially with significant progress in balanced attraction of males and females, increased egg production, and environmental safety.

[0014] (1) Innovation and efficiency of ingredient compounding

[0015] Screening seven candidate compounds revealed that a 1:1 volume ratio of 3,7-dimethyldecane and 2-octyldecane-1-ol significantly outperformed the single ingredients in attracting both male and female Coccinella polymorpha. This compound evenly attracts both males and females (near a 1:1 ratio), shortens mating search time, and significantly increases egg production, resolving potential issues with attracting males and females or attracting them inefficiently.

[0016] (2) The attractant ingredients are all derived from natural substances based on the volatile substances of the multi-heteromorph ladybird, with paraffin oil as the solvent. They are chemically pollution-free and do not cause harm to natural enemies of insects and other beneficial organisms. They are in line with the concept of green control and make up for the "high toxicity and high residue" defects that may exist in existing technologies.

[0017] (3) The preparation process requires only three simple steps of dissolution and mixing (the two components are each prepared into a 100 mg / mL paraffin oil solution and then mixed at equal volumes). This process requires no special equipment or complex operations, making it suitable for large-scale production and field application. In contrast, existing technologies may involve cumbersome synthesis steps or expensive solvents, while the present invention significantly reduces production costs and operational barriers.

[0018] (4) By using attractants to induce Coccinella multiflora to lay eggs in concentrated areas, the population can be rapidly expanded, enhancing the ability to naturally control target pests such as aphids, whiteflies, and lepidopteran larvae. Existing technologies may rely solely on natural population spread, resulting in insufficient timeliness in pest control. However, this invention provides a highly effective means of proactive intervention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 To screen and identify the functional volatiles of Coccinella multicolor;

[0020] Figure 2 To screen and determine the tropism of female and male Coccinella multicolor to different compounds;

[0021] Figure 3 To determine the indoor attracting effect of different attractants on female and male Coccinella heteroptera;

[0022] Figure 4 This study aimed to determine the effect of different attractant formulas on the number of eggs laid by female Coccinella multicolor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concepts of the present invention are protected.

[0024] Example 1 Identification of Volatiles from the Body of Coccinella heterotrichum

[0025] In order to screen the functional volatile components of the beetle, the beetle volatiles were extracted with organic solution. GC-EAD and GC-MS were used to identify seven substances that can induce electrophysiological activity in the antennae of the beetle. They are 3-hexanone (1), (2,5-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methanol (2), 3-ethyl-3-methylheptane (3), 3,7-dimethyldecane (4), n-heptadecane (5), 4,6-dimethyl-dodecane (6) and 2-octyldecan-1-ol (7). Figure 1 shown.

[0026] Example 2 Screening and determination of the tropism of female and male Coccinella multicolor insects to different types of compounds

[0027] To verify the attractiveness of different compounds to female and male Coccinella multicolor, a Y-type olfactometer was used to conduct behavioral tests on female and male Coccinella multicolor towards seven candidate compounds. The seven candidate compounds were 3-hexanone, (2,5-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methanol, 3-ethyl-3-methylheptane, 3,7-dimethyldecane, n-heptadecane, 4,6-dimethyl-dodecane and 2-octyldecan-1-ol. The numbers are shown in Table 1.

[0028] Each substance was divided into three concentrations, namely 1 mg / mL, 10 mg / mL and 100 mg / mL, and each sample was repeated 50 times. The solvent was paraffin oil.

[0029] Table 1 Different types of compounds and their numbers

[0030] Compound serial number 3-Hexanone C18 (2,5-Dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methanol B86 3-Ethyl-3-methylheptane E19 3,7-Dimethyldecane E20 n-Heptadecane E9 4,6-Dimethyl-dodecane E21 2-Octyldecan-1-ol B87

[0031] The test results showed that ( Figure 1 As shown in the figure, 3,7-dimethyldecane has a very significant attraction effect on both male and female insects at a concentration of 100 mg / mL; 2-octyldecane-1-ol has a very significant attraction effect on both male and female insects at a concentration of 100 mg / mL.

[0032] Example 3 Experiment on the attracting effect of Coccinella multicolor on the compound of 3,7-dimethyldecane and 2-octyldecane-1-ol

[0033] According to the formula of Hv-1, Hv-2 and Hv-3 in Table 2, the corresponding active components were added in sequence and dissolved in 1 mL of paraffin oil to prepare the spawning attractant core.

[0034] The preparation method of Hv-1 is as follows:

[0035] 2-Octyldecan-1-ol was dissolved in paraffin oil to prepare a 100 mg / mL 2-Octyldecan-1-ol solution to prepare the attractant core Hv-1 for Coccinella polyphemus.

[0036] The preparation method of Hv-2 is as follows:

[0037] 3,7-dimethyldecane was dissolved in paraffin oil to prepare a 100 mg / mL 3,7-dimethyldecane solution to prepare the attractant core Hv-2 for attracting Coccinella polyphemus.

[0038] The preparation method of Hv-3 is as follows:

[0039] Step 1: Dissolve 3,7-dimethyldecane in paraffin oil to prepare a 100 mg / mL 3,7-dimethyldecane solution;

[0040] Step 2: Dissolve 2-octyldecane-1-ol in paraffin oil to prepare a 100 mg / mL 2-octyldecane-1-ol solution;

[0041] Step 3: Mix 100 mg / mL of 3,7-dimethyldecane solution and 100 mg / mL of 2-octyldecane-1-ol solution in a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare the attractant core Hv-3 for Coccinella multicolor.

[0042] The attractant effects of attractants Hv-1, Hv-2 and Hv-3 on female and male adults of Coccinella multicolor were measured using a Y-type olfactometer indoors. The results are as follows: Figure 3 The results showed that the attractant Hv-3 for Coccinella multicolor can significantly and evenly attract both sexes, with 37 females and 38 males attracted, and the ratio of attracted females to males is close to 1:1, thereby shortening the mating search time, improving mating efficiency and increasing egg production.

[0043] The attractant cores Hv-1, Hv-2, and Hv-3 were fixed on the top of plastic sticks and inserted into cotton plant pots colonized with cotton aphids to form the treatment group. The control group used the same method, but a blank attractant core filled with paraffin oil was placed in another pot of cotton plants with the same treatment. The two pots of cotton were placed diagonally in a 1.5m×1.5m×1.5m mesh cage. 30 female Coccinella spp. that had mated and were initially observed to lay eggs were placed in the cage. The number of eggs was counted after 24 hours. The results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the amount of eggs in the treatment with attractant core Hv-3 was the largest, which was higher than that in the treatments with attractant core Hv-1 and attractant core Hv-2.

[0044] Table 2 Formulations of Hv-1, Hv-2, and Hv-3

[0045] formula 3,7-Dimethyldecane 2-Octyldecan-1-ol Hv-1 0mg 100mg Hv-2 100mg 0mg Hv-3 50mg 50mg CK 0mg 0mg

[0046] These results clearly demonstrate that the attractant provided by the present invention can be used in industrial breeding of C. heteroscelis, enabling centralized egg laying and facilitating streamlined management. It can also be used in the field, where the attractant can be released in areas where target pests such as aphids are present. This can help rapidly increase the C. heteroscelis population over a period of time, thus achieving natural pest control.

[0047] The above disclosure is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-color ladybird attractant, characterized in that: The attractant is a compound containing 50 mg / mL 3,7-dimethyldecane and 50 mg / mL 2-octyldecane-1-ol.

2. The method for preparing the multi-color ladybird attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that: Here are the steps: Step 1: Dissolve 3,7-dimethyldecane in paraffin oil to prepare a 100 mg / mL 3,7-dimethyldecane solution; Step 2: Dissolve 2-octyldecane-1-ol in paraffin oil to prepare a 100 mg / mL 2-octyldecane-1-ol solution; Step 3: Mix 100 mg / mL 3,7-dimethyldecane solution and 100 mg / mL 2-octyldecane-1-ol solution in a 1:1 volume ratio.

3. The use of the Coccinella multicolor attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that: Used to prepare bait cores or bait paper.

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