Deslagging device and deslagging method for overflow water of thickener

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of beneficiation wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a slag removal device and method for overflow water of a thickener, the device comprises a flushing system, a multi-stage filtering system, an automatic control system, an intelligent conveying system and an impurity collecting system, and the automatic control system comprises a turbidity meter, a concentration meter and a flow meter; the multi-stage filtration system comprises a first-stage filtration unit, a second-stage filtration unit and a third-stage filtration unit. The specific steps are as follows: system standby and real-time monitoring, primary response triggered by turbidity exceeding, advanced treatment triggered by concentration exceeding, dynamic optimization of an operation process, water quality recovery and system shutdown. According to the device and the method, through closed-loop linkage of five systems, full-process automatic control of real-time monitoring, graded filtering, intelligent slag removal, safe collection and accurate shutdown is realized, manual intervention is not needed, the labor intensity is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the influence of manual misoperation on the slag removal effect is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing wastewater treatment, and in particular relates to a slag removal device and a slag removal method for thickener overflow water. Background Art

[0002] In the mineral processing process, thickeners are commonly used for solid-liquid separation. Their overflow water typically contains a certain amount of fine particulate impurities. Without effective treatment, this can affect the water quality of subsequent production processes and even cause problems such as equipment wear and pipe blockage. Traditional slag removal methods, such as sedimentation or filtration, suffer from incomplete removal and low efficiency. While some existing technologies have introduced automated equipment, there is still room for improvement in slag removal accuracy, energy consumption control, and adaptability to complex operating conditions. For example, simple filter screens are easily clogged with impurities, requiring frequent manual cleaning and failing to meet the demands of continuous production. Some slag removal methods that rely on chemical agents not only increase processing costs but also may cause secondary pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deslagging device and deslagging method for thickener overflow water, so as to solve the problem that the filter screen is easily clogged by impurities during the deslagging process and requires frequent manual cleaning. The deslagging method that relies on chemical agents not only increases the processing cost, but also may cause secondary pollution and poor adaptability to complex working conditions.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A deslagging device for overflow water of a thickener comprises a flushing system, a multi-stage filtration system, an automatic control system, an intelligent conveying system and an impurity collection system, the automatic control system comprises a turbidity meter, an impurity concentration meter and a flow meter, the overflow water outlet of the overflow pipe is installed with a turbidity meter and a flow meter, the overflow pipe of the thickener is fixed with a multi-stage filtration system, and the flushing system is fixed above the multi-stage filtration system, the multi-stage filtration system comprises a primary filtration unit, a secondary filtration unit, a tertiary filtration unit and an overflow trough, the primary filtration unit, the secondary filtration unit and the tertiary filtration unit are distributed in sequence from top to bottom, the primary filtration unit, the secondary filtration unit and the tertiary filtration unit are respectively connected to the filtration pipe, the primary filtration unit is composed of a group of large-mesh filter screens, the secondary filtration unit is a fine filter net, and an impurity concentration meter is installed after the secondary filtration unit; the tertiary filtration unit adopts a high-precision filter element, and a differential pressure sensor is installed inside each filter unit, and the differential pressure sensor is connected to the automatic control through a signal transmission line The system is connected to the data acquisition module. When the pressure difference exceeds the set threshold, the automatic control system receives the signal in time and makes corresponding control instructions. The overflow trough is fixed at the end of the first-level filter unit, and the bottom of the overflow trough is connected to the transmission pipe; the intelligent conveying system includes a conveyor and a transfer trolley. The bottom end of the transmission pipe abuts the conveyor. The conveyor is driven by a motor. A spiral scraper is fixed on the inner wall of the conveyor. The discharge end of the conveyor corresponds to the docking interface of the transfer trolley. Precise connection is achieved through intelligent positioning and docking mechanisms. The transfer trolley transports impurities to the impurity collection system; the motors of the conveyor and the transfer trolley are both connected to a frequency converter, which is connected to the output control module of the automatic control system. A positioning sensor and a communication module are installed on the transfer trolley. The impurity collection system includes an impurity collection bucket and a compression plate. A compression plate is fixed on one side of the impurity collection bucket. The compression plate is raised and lowered by a motor. A liquid level sensor is arranged in the impurity collection bucket, and the liquid level sensor is connected to the automatic control system through a signal line.

[0005] Preferably, the flushing system includes a plurality of high-pressure water guns.

[0006] A method for removing slag from thickener overflow water, comprising the following specific steps: Step 1: System standby and real-time monitoring The automated control system continuously collects real-time data from the turbidity meter in the overflow pipe and the impurity concentration meter after the secondary filtration unit. The multi-stage filtration system and intelligent conveying system are both in a dormant state. The flushing system automatically starts every 2-4 hours, and each flushing lasts for 30-60 seconds. The high-pressure water jet impacts the surface of the filter screen to remove attached impurities and ensure the filtration performance of the filter screen. Step 2: Turbidity exceeds the limit to trigger the primary response When the turbidity meter detects a value greater than 200ppm, the multi-stage filtration system, intelligent conveying system, and impurity collection system are activated. The first-stage filtration unit physically intercepts large particles of impurities, and the second-stage filtration unit is simultaneously activated to remove medium-sized suspended solids. The conveyor pushes the intercepted impurities to the impurity collection hopper for temporary storage. Step 3: Excessive concentration triggers deep treatment When the impurity concentration meter after the secondary filtration unit detects a value greater than 500mg / L, all multi-stage filtration systems are activated, including the tertiary filtration unit, which immediately activates, raising the filtration accuracy to below 5μm. The intelligent conveying system is enhanced, with concentration exceeding the standard signal triggering dynamic speed adjustment and the spiral scraper inside the conveyor activating to prevent conveyor stalls caused by high impurity concentrations. When the impurity weight reaches the set value, the system automatically reminds the management staff to clean it up. Step 4: Dynamic optimization of the operation process The automated control system performs a dual-threshold judgment on the impurity concentration meter after the secondary filtration unit every 10 minutes: when the turbidity is >200ppm or the concentration is >500mg / L, the multi-stage filtration system and the intelligent conveying system are kept in operation. The intelligent conveying system receives the PLC instructions of the automated control system in real time, and the speed is adjusted according to the gradient of the impurity situation: the calculation formula is: speed RPM = 20 + K1 × (turbidity value - standard value) + K2 (concentration value - standard value), where K1 and K2 are adjustment coefficients; Step 5: Water quality restoration and system shutdown When the turbidity is ≤200ppm and the impurity concentration is ≤500mg / L, start the timer. When the stabilization time reaches 10-20 minutes, all systems are reset.

[0007] Preferably, the system shutdown in step five adopts a graded shutdown, and the shutdown order is: the three-stage filtration unit shuts down, 1 minute later, the first-stage filtration unit and the second-stage filtration unit shut down, 3 minutes later, the intelligent conveying system shuts down, and the compression plate of the impurity collection system starts compacting for 2 minutes and then shuts down.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Through the synergistic effect of the multi-stage filtration system and the intelligent conveying system, as well as the precise control of the slag removal process by the automatic control system, the filter is not easily clogged by impurities, and there is no need for frequent manual cleaning. It can effectively remove impurities and slag in the overflow water, and the slag removal efficiency is significantly improved. The automatic control system adopts dual-threshold graded control. The turbidity exceeds the standard alone to start the basic filtration, and the concentration exceeds the standard twice to trigger the deep treatment, ensuring the efficient removal of various impurities in the overflow water, avoiding the problem of incomplete slag removal in the traditional manual slag removal method, and improving the water quality of the thickener overflow water; (2) The multi-stage filtration system uses three-stage filtration units to work together. Each level of filtration unit is activated according to the overflow water concentration, and each level of unit intercepts impurities according to the particle size, thereby improving the overall filtration efficiency; (3) The intelligent conveying system dynamically adjusts the speed based on the impurity load to avoid energy waste; (4) This method uses stability-delayed shutdown and graded shutdown to prevent water quality fluctuations from causing frequent starts and stops that affect normal production; (5) This method realizes the full process automation control from "real-time monitoring → graded filtration → intelligent slag cleaning → safe collection → precise shutdown" through the closed-loop linkage of five major systems: flushing system, multi-stage filtration system, intelligent conveying system, impurity collection system and automatic control system. It does not require human intervention, reduces labor intensity, improves production efficiency, and reduces the impact of human operational errors on slag removal effects, thus meeting the high efficiency and reliability requirements of industrial slag removal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stage filtration system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Flushing system; 2. Multi-stage filtration system; 21. Primary filtration unit; 22. Secondary filtration unit; 23. Tertiary filtration unit; 24. Overflow tank; 3. Automatic control system; 4. Conveyor; 5. Transfer trolley; 6. Impurity collection bucket; 7. Compression plate; 8. Conveying pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0012] like Figure 1-2As shown, a deslagging device for overflow water of a thickener includes a flushing system 1, a multi-stage filtration system 2, an automatic control system 3, a conveyor 4, a transfer trolley 5 and an impurity collection bucket 6. The automatic control system 3 includes a turbidity meter, an impurity concentration meter and a flow meter. The overflow water outlet of the overflow pipe is equipped with a turbidity meter and a flow meter. The multi-stage filtration system 2 is fixed on the overflow pipe of the thickener, and the flushing system 1 is fixed above the multi-stage filtration system 2. The flushing system 1 is composed of multiple high-pressure water guns. The multi-stage filtration system 2 includes a primary filtration unit 21, a secondary filtration unit 22, a tertiary filtration unit 23 and an overflow tank 24. The primary filtration unit 21, the secondary filtration unit 22 and the tertiary filtration unit 23 are distributed from top to bottom, and the primary filtration unit 21, the secondary filtration unit 22 and the tertiary filtration unit 23 are distributed in sequence from top to bottom. The filter unit 21, the secondary filter unit 22 and the tertiary filter unit 23 are connected to the filter pipes respectively. The primary filter unit 21 is composed of a group of large-mesh filter screens for intercepting large impurities; the secondary filter unit 22 is a fine filter mesh for further filtering smaller particles of impurities. An impurity concentration meter is installed after the secondary filter unit 22; the tertiary filter unit 23 adopts a high-precision filter element for removing tiny particles of impurities. A pressure differential sensor is installed inside each filter unit for real-time monitoring of the pressure difference before and after filtration; the pressure differential sensor is connected to the data acquisition module of the automatic control system 3 through a signal transmission line. When the pressure difference exceeds the set threshold, the automatic control system 3 receives the signal in time and makes corresponding control instructions to prompt When replacing the filter element or performing cleaning operations, an overflow trough 24 is fixed at the end of the first-stage filter unit 21, and the bottom end of the overflow trough 24 is connected to the conveying pipe 8; the bottom end of the conveying pipe 8 is connected to the conveyor 4, and the conveyor 4 is driven by a motor to transport the impurities intercepted by the filter to a designated position. A spiral scraper is fixed on the inner wall of the conveyor 4 to clean the impurities adhering to the wall of the conveyor pipe. The discharge end of the conveyor 4 corresponds to the docking interface of the transfer trolley 5, and a precise connection is achieved through the intelligent positioning and docking mechanism. The transfer trolley 5 transports the impurities to the impurity collection bucket 6; the motors of the conveyor 4 and the transfer trolley 5 are both connected to a frequency converter, which is connected to the output control module of the automation control system 3 to adjust the conveying according to actual conditions such as the amount of material. speed; at the same time, the transfer trolley 5 is equipped with a positioning sensor and a communication module, which feeds back the position information to the automatic control system 3 in real time to ensure the orderly progress of the entire transportation process; a compression plate 7 is fixed on one side of the impurity collecting bucket 6, and the compression plate 7 is controlled to rise and fall by a motor to realize the continuous process of collecting and compressing impurities; a liquid level sensor is set in the impurity collecting bucket 6 to monitor the amount of impurities collected in real time. The liquid level sensor is connected to the automatic control system 3 through a signal line. When the impurities are collected to a certain extent, the automatic control system 3 controls the compression plate 7 to start the compression operation; the impurities are transported to the impurity collecting bucket 6 by the transfer trolley 5, and the compression plate 7 compresses the collected impurities to reduce the volume of the impurities and facilitate subsequent processing.

[0013] A method for removing slag using thickener overflow water based on the above-mentioned slag removal device has the following specific steps: Step 1: System standby and real-time monitoring The automated control system 3 continuously collects real-time data from the turbidity meter in the overflow pipe and the impurity concentration meter after the secondary filtration unit 22. The multi-stage filtration system 2, conveyor 4, transfer trolley 5, and pressing plate 7 are all in a dormant state. The flushing system 1 automatically starts once every two hours, and each flushing lasts for 60 seconds. The high-pressure water jet impacts the surface of the filter screen to remove attached impurities and ensure the filtration performance of the filter screen. Step 2: Turbidity exceeds the limit to trigger the primary response When the turbidity meter value exceeds the set value of 200ppm and suddenly increases to 320ppm, the multi-stage filtration system 2, conveyor 4, transfer cart 5, and impurity collection bucket 6 are activated. The first-stage filtration unit 21 is activated to physically intercept large particles of impurities. The second-stage filtration unit 22 is activated simultaneously to remove medium-sized suspended solids. The conveyor 4 pushes the intercepted impurities to the impurity collection bucket 6 for temporary storage. Step 3: Excessive concentration triggers deep treatment After 3 minutes, the concentration value rises to 680 mg / L, the three-stage filtration unit 23 is started, and the filtration accuracy is improved to below 5 μm; the speed of the conveyor 4 is increased to 20 + 0.1 × (320-200) + 0.15 × (680-500) = 59 rpm, the concentration exceeding the standard signal triggers the dynamic adjustment of the speed, the spiral scraper is started, and the impurity volume exceeds 1m 3 When the impurity compression plate 7 is activated, it prevents the conveyor from being blocked by high-concentration impurities. When the weight of the impurities reaches 300kg, the system automatically reminds the management staff to clean it up. Step 4: Dynamic optimization of the operation process The automated control system 3 performs a dual-threshold determination on the impurity concentration meter after the secondary filtration unit 22 every 10 minutes: when the turbidity is greater than 200 ppm or the concentration is greater than 500 mg / L, the multi-stage filtration system 2, the conveyor 4, and the transfer cart 5 are kept in operation. The conveyor 4 and the transfer cart 5 receive PLC instructions from the automated control system in real time, and the speed is adjusted according to the gradient based on the impurity situation: the calculation formula is: speed RPM = 20 + K1 × (turbidity value - standard value) + K2 (concentration value - standard value), where K1 and K2 are adjustment coefficients; Step 5: Water quality restoration and system shutdown When the impurity concentration drops to 300 mg / L and the turbidity drops to 180 ppm, the timer is started. When the stabilization time reaches 10 minutes, all systems are reset.

[0014] The hierarchical shutdown sequence is: the third-stage filter unit is shut down, 1 minute later, the first-stage filter unit and the second-stage filter unit are closed, 3 minutes later, the conveyor 4 and the transfer trolley 5 are shut down, and the compression plate 7 starts compacting for 2 minutes before shutting down.

[0015] The device and method adopt units at each level to intercept impurities in layers according to particle size, thereby improving the overall filtration efficiency. The measured slag removal rate reaches 98.2%, and the overflow water quality can be stably maintained below 200ppm, and even below 100ppm under some working conditions.

Claims

1. A deslagging device for thickener overflow water, characterized in that: It includes a flushing system, a multi-stage filtration system, an automatic control system, an intelligent conveying system and an impurity collection system. The automatic control system includes a turbidity meter, a concentration meter and a flow meter. The overflow water outlet of the overflow pipe is equipped with a turbidity meter and a flow meter. The multi-stage filtration system is fixed on the overflow pipe of the thickener. The flushing system is fixed above the multi-stage filtration system. The multi-stage filtration system includes a primary filtration unit, a secondary filtration unit, a tertiary filtration unit and an overflow tank. The primary filtration unit, the secondary filtration unit and the tertiary filtration unit are distributed from top to bottom. The primary filtration unit, the secondary filtration unit and the tertiary filtration unit are respectively connected to the filtration pipe. The primary filtration unit is composed of a group of large-mesh filter screens, the secondary filtration unit is a fine filter mesh, and an impurity concentration meter is installed after the secondary filtration unit. The tertiary filtration unit adopts a high-precision filter element. A differential pressure sensor is installed inside each filter unit. The differential pressure sensor is connected to the data acquisition module of the automatic control system through a signal transmission line. The blocks are connected. When the pressure difference exceeds the set threshold, the automatic control system receives the signal in time and makes corresponding control instructions. The overflow trough is fixed at the end of the first-level filter unit, and the bottom of the overflow trough is connected to the transmission pipe; the intelligent conveying system includes a conveyor and a transfer trolley. The bottom end of the transmission pipe abuts the conveyor. The conveyor is driven by a motor. A spiral scraper is fixed on the inner wall of the conveyor. The discharge end of the conveyor corresponds to the docking interface of the transfer trolley. Precise connection is achieved through intelligent positioning and docking mechanisms. The transfer trolley transports the impurities to the impurity collection system; the motors of the conveyor and the transfer trolley are both connected to a frequency converter, which is connected to the output control module of the automatic control system. A positioning sensor and a communication module are installed on the transfer trolley. The impurity collection system includes an impurity collection bucket and a compression plate. A compression plate is fixed on one side of the impurity collection bucket. The compression plate is raised and lowered by a motor. A liquid level sensor is arranged in the impurity collection bucket, and the liquid level sensor is connected to the automatic control system through a signal line.

2. A deslagging device for thickener overflow water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing system includes a plurality of high-pressure water guns.

3. A method for removing slag from thickener overflow water based on the slag removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: System standby and real-time monitoring The automated control system continuously collects real-time data from the turbidity meter in the overflow pipe and the impurity concentration meter after the secondary filtration unit. The multi-stage filtration system and intelligent conveying system are both in a dormant state. The flushing system automatically starts every 2-4 hours, and each flushing lasts for 30-60 seconds. The high-pressure water jet impacts the surface of the filter screen to remove attached impurities and ensure the filtration performance of the filter screen. Step 2: Turbidity exceeds the limit to trigger the primary response When the turbidity meter detects a value greater than 200ppm, the multi-stage filtration system, intelligent conveying system, and impurity collection system are activated. The first-stage filtration unit physically intercepts large particles of impurities, and the second-stage filtration unit is simultaneously activated to remove medium-sized suspended solids. The conveyor pushes the intercepted impurities to the impurity collection hopper for temporary storage. Step 3: Excessive concentration triggers deep treatment When the impurity concentration meter after the secondary filtration unit detects a value greater than 500mg / L, all multi-stage filtration systems are activated, including the tertiary filtration unit, which immediately activates, raising the filtration accuracy to below 5μm. The intelligent conveying system is enhanced, with concentration exceeding the standard signal triggering dynamic speed adjustment and the spiral scraper inside the conveyor activating to prevent conveyor stalls caused by high impurity concentrations. When the impurity weight reaches the set value, the system automatically reminds the management staff to clean it up. Step 4: Dynamic optimization of the operation process The automated control system performs a dual-threshold judgment on the impurity concentration meter after the secondary filtration unit every 10 minutes: when the turbidity is >200ppm or the concentration is >500mg / L, the multi-stage filtration system and the intelligent conveying system are kept in operation. The intelligent conveying system receives the PLC instructions of the automated control system in real time, and the speed is adjusted according to the gradient of the impurity situation: the calculation formula is: speed RPM = 20 + K1 × (turbidity value - standard value) + K2 (concentration value - standard value), where K1 and K2 are adjustment coefficients; Step 5: Water quality restoration and system shutdown When the turbidity is ≤200ppm and the impurity concentration is ≤500mg / L, start the timer. When the stabilization time reaches 10-20 minutes, all systems are reset.

4. A method for removing slag from thickener overflow water according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step five, the system is shut down in a graded manner, and the shutdown sequence is: the third-stage filtration unit is shut down, and after 1 minute, the first-stage filtration unit and the second-stage filtration unit are shut down, and after 3 minutes, the intelligent conveying system is shut down, and the compression plate of the impurity collection system starts compacting for 2 minutes and then shuts down.

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