A wear-resistant flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of cable materials, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof. The wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable comprises, from inside to outside, a conductive core, an insulation layer and a sheath layer, and the sheath layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 8-10 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 15-25 parts of flame retardant and 1-3 parts of filler. The preparation process of the filler is as follows: sepiolite, (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene, inorganic base and potassium iodide are added into tetrahydrofuran for reaction, and the solution after reaction is filtered, washed and dried to obtain the filler. In the application, the flame retardant has good compatibility with polyurethane elastomer and other components, can significantly improve the flame-retardant performance of the material, and effectively inhibits the combustion process. In addition, the introduction of the filler improves the wear resistance of the cable, and the application provides a new strategy for the development of the wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of cable materials, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology and the rise of new energy industry, traditional cables gradually expose bottlenecks in transmission efficiency, environmental adaptability and reliability. In the fields of 5G communication, high-speed data center, smart grid and electric vehicle, high-frequency signal transmission, high-power bearing and complex working conditions put strict requirements on cable performance: traditional polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulation material has high dielectric loss, which is difficult to meet the low delay transmission under the millimeter wave frequency band; the skin effect of conventional copper conductor aggravates the high-frequency signal attenuation, which restricts the gigabit-level data throughput capacity; in addition, environmental challenges such as extreme temperature, chemical corrosion and mechanical stress accelerate the aging of cables, leading to the decline of system stability. At the same time, the global trend of intelligentization and greenization promotes the upgrading of industry standards, such as the improvement of temperature resistance level requirements for high-voltage charging cables and the restriction on the use of harmful substances.

[0003] In the field of cable flame retardation, fillers can not only improve the mechanical properties of cable materials but also improve the wear resistance, heat resistance and electrical insulation of cable materials. As a common filler, sepiolite contains a large number of hydroxyl groups on its surface, but it is prone to agglomeration, and its own flame-retardant effect is limited.

[0004] Therefore, in order to meet the increasingly complex application scenarios and higher performance requirements, it is particularly critical and urgent to further improve the wear resistance and flame retardation performance of cables. This not only enhances the stability and safety of cables in harsh environments, but also effectively prolongs their service life and reduces maintenance costs, thereby better adapting to the needs of modern industry and technological development. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide a wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable, which has good flame-retardant performance and mechanical properties.

[0006] One of the purposes of the present application is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable comprises, from inside to outside, a conductive core, an insulation layer and a sheath layer, wherein the sheath layer comprises the following components by weight fraction: 90 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 8-10 parts of linear low density polyethylene, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 15-25 parts of flame retardant and 1-3 parts of filler.

[0008] The preparation process of the filler is as follows: sepiolite, (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene, inorganic base and potassium iodide are added to tetrahydrofuran for reaction, and the reaction solution is filtered, washed and dried to obtain the filler.

[0009] The filler in the application: the sepiolite is surface-modified by (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene to reduce the surface polarity; meanwhile, the π-π stacking effect of the benzene ring forms a rigid organic-inorganic hybrid interface on the surface of the sepiolite, so that the hardness of the modified sepiolite is improved, the wear of the material surface is slowed down, and the cable material is endowed with more excellent wear resistance.

[0010] Further, the mass ratio of the sepiolite, (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene, inorganic base, potassium iodide, and tetrahydrofuran is 10:(5-8):(1-1.2):(0.1-0.2):80, and the inorganic base is any one of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and cesium carbonate.

[0011] Further, the temperature of the reaction is 75-85 DEG C, and the time is 3-5 h.

[0012] Further, the chemical structural formula of the flame retardant is

[0013]

[0014] Further, the preparation process of the flame retardant comprises the following steps:

[0015] (1) 4-Aminophthalic acid is added into a fatty alcohol, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added to perform a reaction; after the reaction, the solution is concentrated, filtered, washed, dried, and purified to obtain 4-aminophthalic acid hexyl ester.

[0016] (2) 4-Aminophthalic acid hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-diethyl phosphonate, and sodium ethoxide are added into a solvent to perform a reaction; after the reaction is completed, the reaction liquid is concentrated, purified, filtered, and dried to obtain the flame retardant.

[0017] The flame retardant in the application: 4-Aminophthalic acid is used as a raw material, and the flame retardant is prepared by modification, and the specific process is as follows:

[0018] Firstly, fatty alcohol (hexanol, heptanol, octanol) is introduced into the molecular skeleton through acid catalysis esterification reaction: under the catalysis of concentrated sulfuric acid, two ortho carboxylic acid groups of 4-aminophthalic acid are subjected to double esterification reaction with excessive fatty alcohol to generate 4-aminophthalic acid dialkyl ester; then, (5-oxopentyl)-diethyl phosphonate is used for crosslinking treatment to form a flame retardant with a three-dimensional network structure.

[0019] Further, in step (1), the amount ratio of 4-aminophthalic acid, fatty alcohol, and concentrated sulfuric acid is 1 mol:5 mL:(5-8) mL; and the fatty alcohol is any one of hexanol, heptanol, and octanol.

[0020] Further, in step (1), the temperature of the reaction is 100-110 DEG C, and the time is 8-12h.

[0021] Further, in step (2), the molar ratio of 4-amino phthalate, (5-oxopentyl)-phosphonic acid diethyl ester, and sodium ethoxide is 1:(1-1.2):(2-2.5); the solvent is anhydrous ethanol; and the ratio of 4-amino phthalate and anhydrous ethanol is 1 mol:5 mL.

[0022] Further, in step (2), the temperature of the reaction is 70-80 DEG C, and the time is 3-5h.

[0023] Further, the antioxidant is antioxidant 168 or antioxidant 1010.

[0024] The second object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the wear-resistant flame-retardant cable.

[0025] The second object of the present application is achieved by the following technical scheme.

[0026] The preparation method of the wear-resistant flame-retardant cable comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, linear low density polyethylene, antioxidant, flame retardant, and filler are mixed at 140-160 DEG C for 30-80 min to obtain a sheath layer material;

[0028] S2, an insulating layer is coated on the surface of the conductive core to obtain a conductive core with an insulating layer on the outer surface;

[0029] S3, the sheath layer material is melt-extruded at 170-180 DEG C and coated on the surface of the conductive core with an insulating layer on the outer surface obtained in step S2 to obtain the wear-resistant flame-retardant cable.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0031] 1. The wear-resistant flame-retardant cable is prepared by scientifically proportioning thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, linear low density polyethylene, antioxidant, flame retardant, and filler.

[0032] The long-chain ester group in the flame retardant has good compatibility with the polyurethane elastomer, which can improve the dispersibility and stability of the flame retardant; the aromatic ring and the Schiff base structure form a stable carbon layer during combustion, which can insulate oxygen and capture free radicals to interrupt the combustion chain reaction; the synergistic effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in the flame retardant can significantly improve the flame retardant performance of the material; nitrogen promotes the formation of carbon layer, and phosphorus enhances the stability of the carbon layer; the two work together to effectively inhibit the combustion process.

[0033] In addition, the filler is modified with sepiolite as a base, (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene is introduced to occupy the hydroxyl groups on the surface of sepiolite, the hydrophobicity of sepiolite is improved, the hardness of the surface of sepiolite is enhanced through the pi-pi stacking of benzene rings, and the wear resistance of the cable is further improved.

[0034] 2. The application provides a preparation method of the wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable, which is feasible and simple in process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The infrared spectrum of the filler of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be noted that the embodiments described below or the technical features thereof can be combined in any manner to form new embodiments without conflict. The specific conditions not mentioned in the embodiments are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the recommended conditions of the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products obtained from the market channels without special instructions.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable comprises, from inside to outside, a conductive core, an insulation layer and a sheath layer, wherein the sheath layer comprises, by weight fraction, 90 parts of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with a hardness of 85A, 10 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 3 parts of antioxidant 168, 25 parts of a flame retardant and 3 parts of a filler.

[0039] The preparation process of the filler is as follows: sepiolite 10 parts, (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene 7 parts, potassium carbonate 1.1 parts and potassium iodide 0.15 parts are added to 80 parts of tetrahydrofuran, and the mixture is reacted at 80℃ for 4h, then filtered, washed with deionized water and dried in an oven at 100℃ to obtain the filler.

[0040] The preparation process of the flame retardant comprises the following steps:

[0041]

[0042] (1) 4-Aminophthalic acid is dispersed in hexanol, and then concentrated sulfuric acid is added, wherein the amount ratio of 4-aminophthalic acid, hexanol and concentrated sulfuric acid is 1 mol:5 mL:8 mL; the mixture is reacted at 110℃ for 8h; after the hexanol is removed by concentration, water is added to disperse the concentrated residue, and the system is neutralized to neutral with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution; the reaction liquid is filtered and the precipitate is collected; the filter cake is washed with deionized water; the filter cake is dried and then purified by column chromatography (25% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether, by volume fraction) to obtain 4-aminophthalic acid hexyl ester.

[0043] 4-Aminophthalyl hexyl ester characterization results are as follows:

[0044] 1 H NMR(C 20 H 31 NO4, 400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 7.95 (d, 1H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 6.66 (d, 1H), 5.25 (s, 2H), 4.31 (t, 4H), 1.78-1.76 (m, 4H), 1.38-1.36 (m, 12H), 0.88-0.86 (m, 6H). ESI-MS (m / z): 350.23 [M+H] + The above results confirm that the target product is obtained.

[0045] (2) 4-Aminophthalyl hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-phosphonic acid diethyl ester (CAS: 166528-15-0), sodium ethoxide are added to ethanol, wherein the molar ratio of 4-aminophthalyl hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-phosphonic acid diethyl ester, sodium ethoxide is 1:1.2:2.5, and the amount ratio of 4-aminophthalic acid and ethanol is 1 mol:5 mL; react at 80°C for 3h; after the reaction is completed, the reaction solution is concentrated to remove the solvent, and a 25% volume concentration of ethyl acetate petroleum ether solution is added to beat, (the volume mass ratio of ethyl acetate petroleum ether solution to 4-aminophthalyl hexyl ester is 1 mL:1.5 g), and then filtered and dried to obtain the flame retardant.

[0046] The characterization results of the flame retardant are as follows:

[0047] 1 H NMR(C 29 H 48 NO7P, 400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 8.50 (t, 1H), 8.11 (d, 1H), 7.66 (d, 1H), 7.53 (dd, 1H), 4.31 (t, 4H), 4.19-4.17 (m, 4H), 2.10 (q, 2H), 1.78-1.78 (m, 6H), 1.54-1.52 (m, 2H), 1.39-1.24 (m, 20H), 0.88-0.86 (m, 6H). ESI-MS (m / z): 553.50 [M]. The above results confirm that the target product is obtained.

[0048] The preparation method of the above wear-resistant flame-retardant cable comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, linear low density polyethylene, antioxidant, flame retardant, filler are mixed at 150°C for 60min to obtain a sheath layer material;

[0050] S2, coating the insulating layer on the surface of the conductive core to obtain a conductive core with an insulating layer on the outer surface;

[0051] S3, melting and extruding the sheath layer material at 175℃ and coating it on the surface of the conductive core with an insulating layer obtained in step S2 to obtain the wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] A wear-resistant and flame-retardant cable sequentially comprises a conductive core, an insulating layer and a sheath layer from inside to outside, wherein the sheath layer comprises the following components by weight fraction: 90 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with a hardness of 85A, 8 parts of linear low density polyethylene, 1 part of antioxidant 1010, 15 parts of flame retardant, and 1 part of filler.

[0054] The preparation process of the filler is as follows: 10 parts of sepiolite, 5 parts of (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene, 1 part of sodium carbonate and 0.1 part of potassium iodide are added to 80 parts of tetrahydrofuran, and the mixture is reacted at 75℃ for 5h, then filtered, washed with deionized water and dried in an oven at 100℃ to obtain the filler.

[0055] The preparation process of the flame retardant includes the following steps:

[0056] (1) 4-Aminophthalic acid is dispersed in hexanol, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added, wherein the amount ratio of 4-aminophthalic acid, hexanol and concentrated sulfuric acid is 1 mol:5 mL:5 mL; the mixture is reacted at 100℃ for 12h; after the hexanol is removed by concentration, water is added to disperse the concentrated residue, and the system is neutralized to neutral with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, the reaction liquid is filtered and the precipitate is collected, the filter cake is washed with deionized water, and the filter cake is dried and then purified by column chromatography (25% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether, volume fraction) to obtain 4-aminophthalic acid hexyl ester; the 1 HNMR and ESI-MS (m / z) are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0057] (2) 4-Aminophthalic acid hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-diethyl phosphonate and sodium ethoxide are added to ethanol, wherein the molar ratio of 4-aminophthalic acid hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-diethyl phosphonate and sodium ethoxide is 1:1:2, and the amount ratio of 4-aminophthalic acid and ethanol is 1 mol:5 mL; the mixture is reacted at 70℃ for 5h; after the reaction is completed, the solvent is removed by concentration, and the slurry is prepared by adding 25% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether (volume concentration), (1 mL:1.5 g of ethyl acetate in petroleum ether to 4-aminophthalic acid hexyl ester), and then filtered and dried to obtain the flame retardant.

[0058] The flame retardant has 1 HNMR and ESI-MS (m / z) are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0059] The preparation method of the wear-resistant flame-retardant cable comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, linear low density polyethylene, antioxidant, flame retardant, filler is mixed at 140℃ for 80min, sheath layer material is obtained;

[0061] S2, the insulating layer is coated on the surface of the conductive core to obtain a conductive core with an insulating layer on the outer surface;

[0062] S3, the sheath layer material is melt extruded at 170℃ and coated on the surface of the conductive core with an insulating layer on the outer surface obtained in step S2, and a wear-resistant flame-retardant cable is obtained.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] A wear-resistant flame-retardant cable comprises a conductive core, an insulating layer and a sheath layer from inside to outside, the sheath layer comprises the following components by weight fraction: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with hardness 85A 90 parts, linear low density polyethylene 9 parts, antioxidant 168 2 parts, flame retardant 20 parts, filler 2 parts;

[0065] The preparation process of the filler is as follows: 10 parts of sepiolite, 8 parts of (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene, 1.2 parts of potassium carbonate and 0.2 parts of potassium iodide are added to 80 parts of tetrahydrofuran, and the mixture is reacted at 85℃ for 3h, then filtered, washed with deionized water and dried in an oven at 100℃ to obtain the filler.

[0066] The preparation process of the flame retardant comprises the following steps:

[0067] (1) 4-Aminophthalic acid is dispersed in hexanol, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added, wherein the amount ratio of 4-aminophthalic acid, hexanol and concentrated sulfuric acid is 1 mol:5mL:7mL; the mixture is reacted at 105℃ for 10h; after the hexanol is removed by concentration, water is added to disperse the concentrated residue, and the system is neutralized to neutral with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, the reaction liquid is filtered and the precipitate is collected, the filter cake is washed with deionized water, and the filter cake is dried and then purified by column chromatography (25% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether, volume fraction) to obtain 4-aminophthalic acid hexyl ester;

[0068] 4-Aminophthalic acid hexyl ester 1 HNMR and ESI-MS (m / z) are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0069] (2) 4-amino phthalic acid hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-phosphonic acid diethyl ester (CAS: 166528-15-0), sodium ethoxide were added to ethanol, wherein the molar ratio of 4-amino phthalic acid hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-phosphonic acid diethyl ester, sodium ethoxide was 1:1.1:2.3, the amount ratio of 4-amino phthalic acid and ethanol was 1 mol:5 mL; the reaction was carried out at 75°C for 4h; after the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was concentrated to remove the solvent, and a 25% volume concentration ethyl acetate petroleum ether solution was added to beat and purify, (the volume mass ratio of ethyl acetate petroleum ether solution and 4-amino phthalic acid hexyl ester was 1 mL:1.5 g), and after filtration and drying, the flame retardant was obtained.

[0070] The flame retardant of the application has the following advantages: 1 HNMR and ESI-MS (m / z) were consistent with those of Example 1.

[0071] The preparation method of the wear-resistant flame-retardant cable described above comprises the following steps:

[0072] S1, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, linear low density polyethylene, antioxidant, flame retardant, and filler were mixed at 160°C for 30 min to obtain a sheath layer material;

[0073] S2, an insulating layer was coated on the surface of the conductive core to obtain a conductive core with an insulating layer on the outer surface;

[0074] S3, the sheath layer material was melt-extruded at 180°C and coated on the surface of the conductive core with an insulating layer on the outer surface obtained in step S2 to obtain a wear-resistant flame-retardant cable.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 are basically the same, except that the filler is replaced by sepiolite.

[0077] Comparative Example 2

[0078] Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 are basically the same, except that the flame retardant is omitted;

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 are basically the same, except that the flame retardant is replaced by flame retardant I, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] (1) 4-amino phthalic acid is dispersed in octanol, and then concentrated sulfuric acid is added, wherein the amount ratio of 4-amino phthalic acid, octanol and concentrated sulfuric acid is 1 mol: 5 mL: 8 mL; the reaction is carried out at 110°C for 8 hours; after the reaction solution is concentrated to remove octanol, water is added to disperse the concentrated residue, and the mixed system is neutralized to neutral by saturated sodium bicarbonate solution; the reaction solution is filtered and the precipitate is collected; the filter cake is washed with deionized water, and after the filter cake is dried, column chromatography (25% ethyl acetate / petroleum ether solution by volume fraction) is carried out to purify, and 4-amino phthalic acid octyl ester is obtained.

[0083] (2) 4-amino phthalic acid octyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-phosphonic acid diethyl ester (CAS: 166528-15-0), and sodium ethoxide are added to ethanol, wherein the molar ratio of 4-amino phthalic acid hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-phosphonic acid diethyl ester, and sodium ethoxide is 1:1.2:2.5, and the amount ratio of 4-amino phthalic acid and ethanol is 1 mol: 5 mL; the reaction is carried out at 85°C for 4 hours; after the reaction is completed, the reaction solution is concentrated to remove the solvent, and 25% ethyl acetate / petroleum ether solution by volume concentration is added to beat and purify, (the volume / mass ratio of ethyl acetate / petroleum ether solution to 4-amino phthalic acid hexyl ester is 1 mL: 1.2 g), and after filtration and drying, flame retardant I is obtained; the characterization results of flame retardant I are as follows: ESI-MS (m / z): 609.3 [M]. The above results confirm that the target product is obtained.

[0084] Test Example 1

[0085] The filler obtained in Example 1 of the present application is subjected to infrared testing, and the infrared spectrum is as shown in Figure 1 .

[0086] As can be seen from Figure 1 , compared with sepiolite, the two peaks appearing at 2915 cm -1 and 2850 cm -1 correspond to the methylene group of (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene, and the absorption peaks at 730 cm -1 and 690 cm -1 are stronger, corresponding to the characteristic peaks of benzene ring. This shows that the functional groups methylene and benzene ring of (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene have been successfully loaded on the surface of sepiolite, indicating that the modification is successful.

[0087] Test Example 2

[0088] The sheath layer material of the cable obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present application is subjected to performance testing, and the details are as follows:

[0089] (1) The tensile strength and elongation at break of the material were tested according to the method of GB / T 2951.11-2008 "Cable and optical cable insulation and sheath materials General test methods Part 11: General test methods - Thickness and outer dimension measurement - Mechanical property test";

[0090] (2) The wear resistance of the material was tested according to GB / T 3960-2016 "Plastics - Determination of friction and wear properties of plastics sliding against steel using a pin and ring test machine";

[0091] (3) The oxygen index of the material was tested according to GB / T 2406.2-2009 "Plastics - Determination of the burning behavior of plastics using a load-burning method - Part 2: Test method at room temperature";

[0092] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0093] Table 1

[0094] Group Tensile strength (MPa) Elongation at break (%) Wear amount (mg) Oxygen index (%) Example 1 40.2 473.6 2.26 34.6 Example 2 37.5 457.2 2.39 33.2 Example 3 38.1 465.5 2.31 33.9 Comparative Example 1 29.5 402.6 5.92 31.6 Comparative Example 2 32.7 422.8 2.85 21.5 Comparative Example 3 34.4 443.4 2.56 27.3

[0095] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the tensile strength, elongation at break and oxygen index of the cable of Examples 1-3 are higher than those of Comparative Examples 1-3, and the wear amount is lower than that of Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0096] Compared with Example 1, the wear resistance of Comparative Example 1 is significantly worse because the filler is replaced by sepiolite, which indicates that the modified sepiolite enhances the hardness of the surface of sepiolite through π-π stacking of benzene rings, reduces the wear amount of the material surface, and thus improves the wear resistance of the cable. The oxygen index of the material of Comparative Example 2 is significantly reduced because the flame retardant is omitted. The mechanical properties and flame retardant properties of the product of Comparative Example 3 are worse than those of Example 1 because the flame retardant is replaced by flame retardant I.

[0097] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any non-essential changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present application are within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wear resistant, flame retardant cable comprising, from the inside out, a conductive core, an insulating layer and a sheath layer, characterized in that, The sheath layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 8-10 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 1-3 parts of an antioxidant, 15-25 parts of a flame retardant, and 1-3 parts of a filler; The preparation process of the filler is as follows: sea sponge, (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene, inorganic base, and potassium iodide are added to tetrahydrofuran for reaction, and the reaction solution is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain the filler; The preparation process of the flame retardant comprises the following steps: (1) 4-amino phthalic acid is added to a fatty alcohol, and concentrated sulfuric acid is added for reaction; the reaction solution is concentrated, filtered, washed, dried, and purified to obtain 4-amino phthalic acid hexyl ester; (2) 4-amino phthalic acid hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-phosphonic acid diethyl ester, and sodium ethoxide are added to a solvent for reaction, and the reaction solution is concentrated, purified, filtered, and dried to obtain the flame retardant.

2. The flame retardant, abrasion resistant cable of claim 1, wherein, The mass ratio of the sea sponge, (5-bromo-n-pentyl) benzene, inorganic base, potassium iodide, and tetrahydrofuran is 10: (5-8): (1-1.2): (0.1-0.2): 80, and the inorganic base is any one of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and cesium carbonate.

3. The flame retardant, abrasion resistant cable of claim 1, wherein, In the preparation process of the filler, the reaction temperature is 75-85°C, and the reaction time is 3-5 h.

4. The flame retardant, abrasion resistant cable of claim 1, wherein, In step (1), the amount ratio of 4-amino phthalic acid, fatty alcohol, and concentrated sulfuric acid is 1 mol: 5 mL: (5-8) mL; and the fatty alcohol is any one of hexanol, heptanol, and octanol.

5. The flame retardant, abrasion resistant cable of claim 1, wherein, In step (1), the reaction temperature is 100-110°C, and the reaction time is 8-12 h.

6. The flame retardant, abrasion resistant cable of claim 1, wherein, In step (2), the molar ratio of 4-amino phthalic acid hexyl ester, (5-oxopentyl)-phosphonic acid diethyl ester, and sodium ethoxide is 1: (1-1.2): (2-2.5); the solvent is anhydrous ethanol; and the amount ratio of 4-amino phthalic acid and anhydrous ethanol is 1 mol: 5 mL.

7. The flame retardant, abrasion resistant cable of claim 1, wherein, In step (2), the reaction temperature is 70-80°C, and the reaction time is 3-5 h.

8. The flame retardant, abrasion resistant cable of claim 1, wherein, The antioxidant is antioxidant 168 or antioxidant 1010.

9. A process for the preparation of a flame retardant and abrasion resistant cable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, linear low-density polyethylene, antioxidant, flame retardant, and filler are mixed at 140-160°C for 30-80 min to obtain a sheath layer material; S2, an insulating layer is coated on the surface of a conductive core to obtain a conductive core with an insulating layer on the surface; S3, the sheath layer material is melt-extruded at 170-180°C and coated on the surface of the conductive core with the insulating layer on the surface obtained in step S2 to obtain a wear-resistant flame-retardant cable.

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