Earth pressure balance shield machine based on providing slurry pressure from waste fine sludge
By designing an earth pressure balance shield machine based on waste fine mud, and utilizing the combined action of mud chambers and soil chambers, along with a foam injection system and a bidirectional belt conveyor, the problem of spiral conveyor gushing during construction in high water pressure sandy soil strata was solved, realizing the resource utilization of waste fine mud and reducing construction costs and environmental pollution.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NORTHEASTERN UNIV CHINA
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are prone to jetting in screw conveyors during construction in high-water-pressure sandy soil strata, making it difficult to control the pressure in the soil chamber. Furthermore, the disposal of waste fine mud is challenging, and there is a lack of effective solutions for resource utilization, resulting in a high risk of environmental pollution.
Design an earth pressure balance shield machine that uses waste fine mud to provide mud pressure. Through the combined action of the mud chamber and the soil chamber, precise control of mud pressure and soil pressure can be achieved. Combined with a foam injection system and a two-way belt conveyor, the waste fine mud can be utilized as a resource.
The problem of jetting in screw conveyors in high-water-pressure sandy soil strata was solved, construction costs were reduced, waste fine mud was recycled, environmental pollution was reduced, and construction efficiency and economic benefits were improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN120684226B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular relates to an earth pressure balance shield machine that uses waste fine mud to provide mud pressure. Background Technology
[0002] The tunnel boring machine (TBM) process generates a large amount of waste soil. Current waste soil treatment technologies can effectively recycle and utilize coarse-grained soil, which can be used as filling material for roadbeds, foundation pits, and backfilling projects, thus achieving resource utilization. However, the remaining fine mud has a complex composition and fine particles, making it more difficult to process. Furthermore, the fine mud contains harmful substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals, which can lead to environmental pollution if not treated promptly. Therefore, there is currently a lack of effective solutions for the treatment and resource reuse of fine mud.
[0003] When traditional earth pressure balance (EPB) tunneling machines (TBMs) are excavating in high-water-pressure sandy strata, the low fine particle content and high water head pressure of these strata can easily lead to blowouts in the internal screw conveyor, making it difficult to control the pressure within the soil chamber and consequently affecting the stability of the excavation face and surrounding soil. While slurry pressurized TBMs offer precise pressure control and their slurry chambers are connected to slurry pipes to prevent blowouts, they require significant ground space for a slurry separation system, which is often unavailable in urban environments. Dual-mode TBMs combine the advantages of both types, allowing switching between EPB and slurry balance modes, but they are difficult to operate and have higher equipment costs.
[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a new type of tunnel boring machine suitable for construction in sandy soil strata with high water pressure, in order to solve the problem of gushing of the screw conveyor, achieve precise control of soil chamber pressure, save construction time and costs, realize the resource utilization of waste fine mud, and reduce the impact of slag on environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine that uses waste fine mud to provide mud pressure, achieving the combined effect of mud pressure and soil pressure to balance the water and soil pressure at the tunnel face during tunneling. This invention not only solves the problem of blowouts in screw conveyors in high-water-pressure sandy soil strata but also provides a way to recycle waste fine mud, reducing actual construction costs.
[0006] An earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine based on waste fine mud to provide mud pressure includes:
[0007] The tunneling cutterhead, mud chamber, soil chamber, and transport chamber are arranged sequentially from front to back;
[0008] An integrated mud preparation and injection system, located inside the transport compartment, is used to prepare and inject backfill grouting materials and modified mud; a foam injection system and a bidirectional belt conveyor;
[0009] A foam injection system, installed inside the transport compartment, is used to generate and inject the foam required for soil improvement.
[0010] A bidirectional belt conveyor is installed inside the transport compartment for conveying the modifier raw materials and discharging waste soil.
[0011] The conveying mechanism is located inside the transport compartment, with the starting end of the conveying located inside the soil compartment and the ending end located on the bidirectional belt conveyor.
[0012] The mud chamber is located near the cutterhead and includes a chamber body. Multiple mud inlets are opened on the upper part of the chamber wall, and mud inlet pipes are correspondingly installed on the mud inlets. A mud discharge port is opened on the lower part of the chamber wall, and a mud discharge pipe is correspondingly installed at the mud discharge port. An integrated pressure / flow meter is installed on the mud inlet pipe.
[0013] A mud discharge port is provided at the bottom of the mud tank wall, and a mud discharge pipe is provided at the mud discharge port to discharge excess mud to the conveying mechanism of the transport tank.
[0014] The bottom of the mud tank is equipped with a slag discharge channel that connects to the soil tank.
[0015] The mud chamber is equipped with a mud pressure sensor to monitor the mud pressure inside the chamber in real time.
[0016] The mud chamber has multiple support arms arranged circumferentially in the middle of its interior.
[0017] A spare pipe is provided in the lower middle part of the mud chamber for backup mud discharge.
[0018] A mud chamber partition is provided between the mud chamber and the soil chamber. The mud chamber partition is movable between the mud chamber and the soil chamber via a movable pulley system. The movable pulley system is located on the top of the mud chamber through pulley supports, driving the mud chamber partition to move so as to transmit the pressure of the soil chamber to the working face.
[0019] The soil chamber includes a chamber body, the central rotating shaft of which is connected to the cutterhead, and a stirring rod is installed on the central rotating shaft. A pressure regulating device is installed inside the soil chamber, and an upper partition is installed at the end of the pressure regulating device. The upper partition divides the soil chamber body into two parts: the lower part is used to load the soil flowing in after being cut by the cutterhead, and the upper part is used to load pressurized air. A soil pressure sensor is installed inside the soil chamber to monitor the soil pressure in real time.
[0020] The integrated mud preparation and injection system includes a bentonite storage tank, a mortar storage tank, and a fine mud storage tank. The bentonite storage tank and the mortar storage tank are connected by pipelines. The connected bentonite storage tank, mortar storage tank, and fine mud storage tank are respectively connected to the injection port of a closed mud mixing tank. The mud transport pump is connected to the outlet of the closed mud mixing tank. The fine mud storage tank is connected to the raw material collection tank. An integrated pressure / flow meter and valves are installed on the pipeline.
[0021] The bentonite storage tank and the mortar storage tank are connected by pipelines. The connected bentonite storage tank and mortar storage tank can achieve full mixing of mortar and bentonite for the preparation of backfill grouting materials.
[0022] The closed mud mixing tank is equipped with grouting pipes on both sides, which allow for the injection of fine mud raw materials and mortar and bentonite raw materials as raw materials. After the raw materials are filled into the grouting pipes on both sides of the closed mud mixing tank, water and powdered pumping agent are added for the preparation of mud conditioner.
[0023] The foam injection system includes a foam liquid storage tank, and the foam liquid storage tank and the air pressure supply device are respectively connected to the inlet of the foam gun through connecting hoses. A liquid injection pump is installed between the foam liquid storage tank and the foam gun. The outlet of the foam gun sprays foam to the front of the working face through the connecting hose. A valve and an integrated pressure / flow meter are installed on the connecting hose.
[0024] The foam gun is a variable aperture foam gun, and both ends of the foam gun are sealed with rubber stoppers to prevent foam liquid leakage.
[0025] The bidirectional belt conveyor is a two-layer bidirectional transport system. The upper layer is the feeding layer connected to the raw material supply end of the mud conditioner, and the lower layer is the slag discharge layer connected to the waste slag at the end of the screw conveyor.
[0026] The bidirectional belt conveyor includes a telescopic support frame, with a drive roller fixed on the support frame to provide power to the bidirectional belt conveyor; a redirecting roller is located diagonally opposite the drive roller to change the transmission direction of the textured conveyor belt.
[0027] By employing the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0028] This invention employs a combined action mode of mud pressure and soil pressure to balance the water and soil pressure in front of the tunnel face during shield tunneling, which can solve the problem of gushing of screw conveyors in high water pressure strata, reduce construction costs, and improve economic benefits.
[0029] This invention is suitable for high-pressure sandy formations with high water pressure and high permeability, and is also suitable for coarse-grained formations with less fine particles, thus having a wide range of applications.
[0030] This invention enables the resource-based reuse of waste fine mud, reducing environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine based on waste fine mud to provide mud pressure for the present invention;
[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mud chamber in an earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine that provides mud pressure based on waste fine mud, as provided in this invention.
[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the soil chamber in an earth pressure balance shield machine that provides slurry pressure based on waste fine mud, provided for the present invention.
[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the bidirectional belt conveyor in an earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine that provides slurry pressure based on waste fine mud, provided for the present invention.
[0035] Figure 5 The internal structural stress analysis diagram of the earth pressure balance shield machine based on waste fine mud to provide mud pressure for the present invention;
[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the variable aperture foaming gun in an earth pressure balance shield machine that provides mud pressure based on waste fine mud, as provided in this invention.
[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Side view;
[0038] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the working process of an earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine based on waste fine mud to provide slurry pressure, as provided by this invention.
[0039] in:
[0040] 01-Tunneling cutterhead, 02-Mud chamber, 03-Mud chamber partition, 04-Sealing plate, 05-Moving pulley block, 06-First mud inlet pipe, 07-Second mud inlet pipe, 08-Upper partition of mud chamber, 09-Pressure regulating device, 10-Mud chamber, 11-Central shaft, 12-Bentonite storage tank, 13-Mortar storage tank, 14-Fine mud storage tank, 15-Closed mud mixing tank, 16-Mud transport pump, 17-Raw material collection tank, 18-Foam liquid storage tank, 19-Foaming gun, 20-Air pressure supply device, 21-Bidirectional belt conveyor, 22-Pressure sensor, 23-Front partition of mud chamber, 24-Rear partition of mud chamber, 25-Slag discharge channel, 26-Mud discharge pipe, 27-Spare pipe, 28-Agitator, 29-Screw conveyor;
[0041] 001-Pressure reducing valve, 002-Integrated pressure / flow meter, 003-Valve;
[0042] 0201-First mud inlet, 0202-Second mud inlet, 0203-Support arm, 0204-Mud pressure sensor, 0205-Spare mud discharge inlet, 0206-Mud discharge inlet, 0207-Slag discharge inlet, 0208-Pulley support;
[0043] 1001-Soil pressure sensor, 1002-Slurry discharge pipe, 1003-Screw conveyor slag discharge port;
[0044] 2101-Redirecting roller, 2102-Carrying idler roller, 2103-Conveyor belt, 2104-Extendable support, 2105-Guide chute, 2106-Moving roller, 2107-Support base, 2108-Drive roller, 2109-Tensioning device;
[0045] 1801-Type A foam board, 1802-Type B foam board, 1803-Type C foam board, 1804-Rubber stopper. Detailed Implementation
[0046] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the technical solution and effects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0047] like Figures 1-8 As shown, an earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine (TBM) using waste fine mud to provide mud pressure includes a cutterhead 01, a mud chamber 02, a soil chamber 10, and a transport chamber arranged sequentially from front to back. The transport chamber houses an integrated mud preparation and injection system, a foam injection system, and a bidirectional belt conveyor 21. Fine mud raw materials are transported to the integrated mud preparation and injection system via the bidirectional belt conveyor 21. The starting end of the conveying mechanism is located in the soil chamber 10, and the ending end is connected to the bidirectional belt conveyor 21. The conveying mechanism is a screw conveyor 29.
[0048] The mud chamber 02 and the soil chamber 10 provide mud pressure and soil pressure respectively to maintain the stability of the tunnel face during the earth pressure balance shield tunneling process.
[0049] Specifically, the mud chamber 02 is located near the cutterhead 01 and includes a chamber body. Multiple mud inlets are located near the upper part of the chamber wall, each equipped with a mud inlet pipe. A mud outlet 0206 is located near the lower part of the chamber wall, with a mud outlet pipe 26 installed at the outlet. The mud chamber 02 regulates the mud volume through the mud inlet pipes and outlet pipes 26. In this embodiment, two mud inlets are located on the upper part of the mud chamber 02, namely the first mud inlet 0201 and the second mud inlet 0202. Each mud inlet is equipped with a mud inlet pipe, namely the first mud inlet pipe 06 and the second mud inlet pipe 07, to ensure sufficient slurry. An integrated pressure / flow meter 002 is installed on the mud inlet pipe to record the grouting pressure and volume in real time. Furthermore, a mud discharge port is provided at the bottom of the mud chamber 02, and a mud outlet pipe 26 is correspondingly provided at the mud discharge port to discharge excess mud to the conveying mechanism of the transport chamber, thereby regulating the mud pressure. A mud pressure sensor 0204 is installed inside the chamber to monitor the mud pressure inside the mud chamber 02 in real time. Multiple support arms 0203 are arranged circumferentially in the middle of the chamber.
[0050] The bottom of the mud tank 02 is provided with a slag discharge channel 25 that communicates with the soil tank 10.
[0051] Furthermore, a spare mud discharge port 0205 is provided in the lower middle part of the mud chamber 02, and a spare pipe 27 is configured for spare mud discharge. When the mud inlet pipe or the mud outlet pipe 26 is blocked, the spare pipe 27 can realize the inward or outward transportation of mud, maintaining the stability of the mud pressure in the mud chamber 02.
[0052] The bottom of the mud chamber 02 is provided with a slag discharge port 0207 and a screw conveyor slag discharge port 1003.
[0053] A mud chamber partition 03 is provided between the mud chamber 02 and the soil chamber 10. The mud chamber partition 03 is movably positioned between the mud chamber 02 and the soil chamber 10 via a movable pulley assembly 05. The movable pulley assembly 05 is mounted on the top of the mud chamber 02 via pulley supports 0208. The movable pulley assembly 05 is controlled by a motor to move back and forth, thereby realizing the forward and backward movement of the mud chamber partition 03 to transmit the pressure of the soil chamber 10 to the working face. Sealing plates 04 are provided at the front and rear of the movable pulley assembly 05 to prevent mud from entering the interior of the movable pulley assembly 05, thus hindering the sliding of the pulleys.
[0054] The soil chamber 10 includes a chamber body, with a central rotating shaft 11 connected to the tunneling cutterhead 01. A front partition 23 and a rear partition 24 are respectively installed at the front and rear of the chamber body. A stirring rod 28 is mounted on the central rotating shaft 11, with its end fixed to the outer wall of the shaft 11. When the central rotating shaft 11 drives the tunneling cutterhead 01 to rotate, the cutting of the soil in front of the shield by the cutterhead 01 simultaneously drives the stirring rod 28 to rotate, preventing the soil in the soil chamber 10 from clumping, ensuring the uniformity and fluidity of the soil, facilitating soil discharge, and maintaining soil pressure stability. Inside the soil chamber 10, a pressure regulating device 09 is installed at the top of the chamber body. The pressure in the soil chamber 10 can be adjusted according to the actual stress on the tunnel face to maintain the stability of the tunneling face. A soil pressure sensor 1001 is also installed inside the soil chamber 10. The pressure regulating device 09 is equipped with a soil chamber upper partition 08 at its end. The soil chamber upper partition 08 divides the soil chamber 10 into two parts: the lower part is for loading soil that flows in after being cut by the cutter head, and the upper part is for loading pressurized air. In this embodiment, when the pressure inside the soil chamber 10 is insufficient, the pressure can be increased by inputting compressed gas; when the pressure inside the soil chamber 10 is too high, the pressure can be reduced by releasing gas. At this time, the spring of the pressure regulating device 09 contracts, causing the upper partition of the soil chamber to move upwards and return to its original position. The soil pressure sensor 1001 can monitor the soil pressure inside the soil slurry chamber in real time, which is beneficial for controlling the soil pressure. A mud discharge pipe 1002 is provided at the bottom of the soil chamber 10.
[0055] The integrated mud preparation and injection system is used to prepare and inject modified mud. Specifically, the integrated mud preparation and injection system includes a bentonite storage tank 12, a mortar storage tank 13, and a fine mud storage tank 14. The bentonite storage tank 12 and the mortar storage tank 13 are connected by pipelines. The bentonite storage tank 12, the mortar storage tank 13, and the fine mud storage tank 14 are respectively connected to the injection port of the closed mud mixing tank 15 by pipelines. The mud transport pump 16 is connected to the outlet of the closed mud mixing tank 15. The fine mud storage tank 14 is connected to the raw material collection tank 17 by pipelines. An integrated pressure / flow meter 002 and a valve 003 are installed on the pipelines. The working principle of the integrated mud preparation and injection system is as follows: Fine mud raw material obtained from the resource-based treatment of waste slag is transported to the fine mud collection tank via a bidirectional belt conveyor 21. Then, the fine mud raw material and bentonite raw material are respectively loaded into the fine mud storage tank 14 and the bentonite storage tank 12. The fine mud storage tank 14 and the bentonite storage tank 12 are equipped with stirring blades to circulate and stir the fine mud raw material and bentonite raw material, preventing segregation and affecting the slurry properties. Simultaneously, the fine mud storage tank 14 and the bentonite storage tank 12 are equipped with moisture content detectors, which can measure the moisture content of the fine mud raw material and the bentonite raw material in real time to determine the water addition amount for preparing the new mud. An integrated pressure / flow meter 002 can monitor the injection pressure and injection volume of the fine mud raw material and the bentonite raw material in real time.
[0056] The bentonite storage tank 12 and the mortar storage tank 13 are connected by pipelines. The connected bentonite storage tank 12 and mortar storage tank 13 can achieve full mixing of mortar and bentonite for the preparation of grouting materials behind the wall.
[0057] Meanwhile, the closed-loop mud mixing tank 15 is equipped with grouting pipes on both sides, allowing for the injection of fine mud raw materials and mortar and bentonite raw materials respectively. After the raw materials are filled into the grouting pipes on both sides of the closed-loop mud mixing tank 15, water and powdered pumping agent are added. The rotary motor of the closed-loop mud mixing tank 15 is then adjusted to a high-speed rotation of 3000r / min~5000r / min for 3min~5min to ensure thorough mixing of water, fine mud raw materials, bentonite raw materials, and pumping agent. The closed-loop mud mixing tank 15 also prevents splashing during slurry preparation. The closed-loop mud mixing tank 15 prepares the slurry into a prepared mud modifier. Valve 003 is then opened, and the mud modifier flows out from the slurry outlet at the bottom of the closed-loop mud mixing tank 15. The prepared mud modifier is injected into the front of the tunnel face through the mud transport pump 16 to form an impermeable cement membrane, which balances the water and soil pressure in front of the tunnel face and prevents excessive mud and water from entering the mud chamber 10, which would make its pressure difficult to control and prevent the screw conveyor 29 from gushing.
[0058] The foam injection system is used to generate and inject the foam required for soil improvement. Specifically, the foam injection system includes a foam liquid storage tank 18. The foam liquid storage tank 18 and the air pressure supply device 20 are respectively connected to the inlet of the foam gun 19 via connecting hoses. A liquid injection pump is installed between the foam liquid storage tank 18 and the foam gun 19. The outlet of the foam gun 19 sprays foam to the front of the working face via a connecting hose. A valve 003 and an integrated pressure / flow meter 002 are installed on the connecting hose. The foam gun 19 is a variable aperture foam gun. The foam liquid storage tank 18, the liquid injection pump, and the integrated pressure / flow meter 002 are connected in series to form a foam liquid circuit. The air pressure supply device 20 and the pressure reducing valve 001 form a foam air circuit. The foam liquid circuit and the foam air circuit are respectively connected to two ports of the variable aperture foam gun 19, and foaming is performed through the variable aperture foam gun 19. To meet the requirements of different formation types for foam particle size, the variable pore size foam gun 19 has three types of foaming plates with different pore diameters: Type A foaming plate 1801, Type B foaming plate 1802, and Type C foaming plate 1803. Type A foaming plate 1801 has a pore diameter of 3mm and is suitable for formations with a maximum particle size of 2mm or less; Type B foaming plate 1802 has a pore diameter of 5mm and is suitable for formations with a maximum particle size in the range of 2mm to 60mm; Type C foaming plate 1803 has a pore diameter of 7mm and is suitable for formations with a maximum particle size of 60mm or more. The appropriate pore size foaming plate can be selected as needed. Both ends of the foam gun 19 are sealed with rubber stoppers 1804 to prevent foam liquid leakage.
[0059] The bidirectional belt conveyor 21 is used to transport the amendment raw materials and discharge waste slag. Specifically, the bidirectional belt conveyor 21 is a mobile device, consisting of upper and lower layers for bidirectional transport. The upper layer is the feeding layer connected to the mud amendment raw material supply end, and the lower layer is the slag discharge layer connected to the waste slag at the end of the screw conveyor 29. Furthermore, the bidirectional belt conveyor 21 includes a telescopic support 2104, the length of which can be adjusted according to the distance from the tunnel boring machine face to the tail of the shield. The drive roller 2108 is fixed to the support, providing power to the entire bidirectional belt conveyor 21; it is located at the slag discharge end to provide more power. The redirecting roller 2101 is located diagonally opposite the drive roller 2108, and can change the transmission direction of the textured conveyor belt 2103. The retractable support 2104 comprises upper and lower layers. A textured conveyor belt 2103 is mounted on both layers via support rollers 2102. The support rollers 2102 are mounted on the retractable support 2104 to support the textured conveyor belt 2103 and bear the weight of the material. Both the upper and lower textured conveyor belts 2103 are equipped with guide troughs 2105 to respectively load soil raw materials for mud conditioner or waste slag. A tensioning device 2109 is installed on the textured conveyor belt 2103, located near the slag discharge end, to adjust the tension of the belt and provide the tension required for friction drive. Multiple stripes are provided on both sides of the textured conveyor belt 2103 to increase friction with the load. The bottom of the retractable support 2104 is provided with a movable roller 2106, which can move the belt conveyor as the tunnel boring machine moves forward; specifically, the movable roller 2106 is fixed to the bottom of the retractable support 2104 by the support base 2107.
[0060] The working principle of the earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine that uses waste fine mud to provide mud pressure is as follows:
[0061] The water and soil pressure at the front of the tunnel boring machine is balanced by mud pressure and soil pressure.
[0062] The screened fine mud is transported to the raw material collection tank 17 via the upper layer of the bidirectional belt conveyor 21. The fine mud from the fine mud storage tank is then thoroughly mixed with the bentonite from the bentonite storage tank 12 via the closed mud mixing tank 15. The mixture is then transported to the mud chamber 02 by the mud transport pump 16 and the mud inlet pipe. The mud pressure in the mud chamber 02 is adjusted via the mud inlet pipe and the mud outlet pipe 26 to balance the pressurized water in front of the cutterhead 01. If the mud inlet pipe becomes blocked or the mud pressure is insufficient, temporary replenishment can be made via the spare pipe 27.
[0063] The mud pressure is provided by pressurized mud injected into the mud chamber 02. The mud modifier is injected into the soil at the front of the tunnel face through an integrated mud preparation and injection system. The soil pressure is provided by the excavated soil in the soil chamber 10. The soil cut by the cutterhead 01 can enter the soil chamber 10 through the excavation discharge channel 25. The stirring rod 28 in the soil chamber 10 can stir the excavated soil at different speeds according to its state to prevent the excavated soil from agglomerating and deteriorating, which would make the pressure in the soil chamber 10 difficult to control. In the earth pressure balance shield machine based on the mud pressure provided by the waste fine mud, during the tunneling process, the excavated soil cut by the cutterhead 01 enters the soil chamber 10 through the excavation discharge channel 25. The soil pressure formed by the accumulation acts on the front partition 23 of the soil chamber, pushing the moving pulley block 05 to transfer the pressure to the mud chamber 02. Together with the mud pressure in the mud chamber 02, they work to balance the water and soil pressure at the front of the tunnel face.
[0064] When there is excess mud, it can be discharged through the mud outlet pipe 26 at the bottom of the mud tank 02 into the screw conveyor 29, and then transported by the screw conveyor 29 to the lower layer of the bidirectional belt conveyor 21 for further transport to the outside of the machine for resource recovery. The fine mud raw material obtained after resource recovery is transported again by the bidirectional belt conveyor 21 to the fine mud collection tank.
[0065] A pressure sensor 22 is installed on the tunneling cutterhead 01. When the pressure sensor 22 detects uneven pressure acting on the tunnel face, the pressure device on the top of the soil chamber 10 adjusts the magnitude and distribution of the soil pressure. The pressure adjustment device 09 adjusts the position of the upper partition 08 of the soil chamber, thereby changing the space of the soil chamber 10 and thus altering the distribution of the soil within it. Consequently, the pressure distribution also changes randomly. Figure 5 As shown, this allows for precise control.
[0066] The earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine of the present invention can adjust the slurry pressure and soil pressure according to the actual stress conditions at the tunnel face during the tunneling process, thereby better maintaining the stability of the tunnel face.
Claims
1. An earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine that uses waste fine mud to provide mud pressure, characterized in that, include: The tunneling cutterhead, mud chamber, soil chamber, and transport chamber are arranged sequentially from front to back; An integrated mud preparation and injection system, located inside the transport compartment, is used to prepare and inject backfill grouting materials and modified mud; a foam injection system and a bidirectional belt conveyor; A foam injection system, installed inside the transport compartment, is used to generate and inject the foam required for soil improvement. A bidirectional belt conveyor is installed inside the transport compartment for conveying the modifier raw materials and discharging waste soil. The conveying mechanism is located inside the transport compartment, with the starting end of the conveying located inside the soil compartment and the end end located on the bidirectional belt conveyor. The mud chamber is located near the cutterhead and includes a chamber body. Multiple mud inlets are opened on the upper part of the chamber wall, and mud inlet pipes are correspondingly installed on the mud inlets. A mud discharge port is opened on the lower part of the chamber wall, and a mud discharge pipe is correspondingly installed at the mud discharge port. An integrated pressure / flow meter is installed on the mud inlet pipe. A mud discharge port is provided at the bottom of the mud tank wall, and a mud discharge pipe is provided at the mud discharge port to discharge excess mud to the conveying mechanism of the transport tank. The bottom of the mud tank is equipped with a slag discharge channel that connects to the soil tank. A mud chamber partition is provided between the mud chamber and the soil chamber. The mud chamber partition is movable between the mud chamber and the soil chamber via a movable pulley system. The movable pulley system is located at the top of the mud chamber via pulley supports, driving the mud chamber partition to move so as to transmit the pressure of the soil chamber to the working face. The soil chamber includes a chamber body, the central rotating shaft of which is connected to the cutterhead, and a stirring rod is installed on the central rotating shaft; a pressure regulating device is installed inside the soil chamber, and an upper partition is installed at the end of the pressure regulating device, which divides the chamber body into two parts, the lower part for loading soil flowing in after cutting by the cutterhead, and the upper part for loading pressurized air; a soil pressure sensor is installed inside the soil chamber to monitor the soil pressure inside the soil chamber in real time; The integrated mud preparation and injection system includes a bentonite storage tank, a mortar storage tank, and a fine mud storage tank. The bentonite storage tank and the mortar storage tank are connected by pipelines. The connected bentonite storage tank, mortar storage tank, and fine mud storage tank are respectively connected to the injection port of a closed mud mixing tank. The mud transport pump is connected to the outlet of the closed mud mixing tank. The fine mud storage tank is connected to the raw material collection tank. An integrated pressure / flow meter and valves are installed on the pipeline. The bentonite storage tank and the mortar storage tank are connected by pipelines. The connected bentonite storage tank and mortar storage tank can achieve full mixing of mortar and bentonite for the preparation of backfill grouting materials. The closed mud mixing tank is equipped with grouting pipes on both sides, which respectively inject fine mud raw materials and mortar and bentonite raw materials as raw materials. After the raw materials are filled into the grouting pipes on both sides of the closed mud mixing tank, water and powdered pumping agent are added for the preparation of mud conditioner. The foam injection system includes a foam liquid storage tank, and the foam liquid storage tank and the air pressure supply device are respectively connected to the inlet of the foam gun through connecting hoses. A liquid injection pump is installed between the foam liquid storage tank and the foam gun. The outlet of the foam gun sprays foam to the front of the working face through the connecting hose. A valve and an integrated pressure / flow meter are installed on the connecting hose. The foam gun is a variable aperture foam gun, and both ends of the foam gun are sealed with rubber stoppers to prevent foam liquid leakage.
2. The earth pressure balance shield machine based on waste fine mud to provide mud pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud chamber is equipped with a mud pressure sensor to monitor the mud pressure inside the chamber in real time.
3. The earth pressure balance shield machine based on waste fine mud to provide mud pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud chamber has multiple support arms arranged circumferentially in the middle of its interior.
4. The earth pressure balance shield machine based on waste fine mud to provide mud pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spare pipe is provided in the lower middle part of the mud chamber for backup mud discharge.
5. The earth pressure balance shield machine based on waste fine mud to provide mud pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional belt conveyor is a two-layer bidirectional transport system. The upper layer is the feeding layer connected to the raw material supply end of the mud conditioner, and the lower layer is the slag discharge layer connected to the waste slag at the end of the screw conveyor. The bidirectional belt conveyor includes a telescopic support frame, with a drive roller fixed on the support frame to provide power to the bidirectional belt conveyor; a redirecting roller is located diagonally opposite the drive roller to change the transmission direction of the textured conveyor belt.