Rock stratum high-pressure water jet sampling method and sampling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock stratum high-pressure water jet sampling method and a sampling device. The method comprises the following steps: positioning a target area: accurately determining a sampling area of a rock stratum through a laser scanner or ultrasonic detection equipment; the plasma steam explosion stripping comprises the following steps: a) injecting a trace amount of high-purity water into a nozzle; b) utilizing a plasma generator to ionize water through pulse discharge to form a high-temperature and high-pressure water-gas mixture; c) stripping the surface of the target rock stratum through shock waves generated by steam explosion; vacuum energy-gathered collection: a) forming a negative pressure environment around a sampling area, and sucking stripped rock stratum particles into a negative pressure collection sleeve; b) separating the rock stratum particles from water vapor through a filtering device, and storing the rock stratum particles in a sample container; important breakthroughs are achieved in technology, structure and function, and compared with the prior art, the rock stratum sampling efficiency, accuracy and adaptability are remarkably improved, and meanwhile the environment and operation burden is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of geological exploration and mineral resource development, and in particular relates to a rock stratum high-pressure water jet sampling method and a sampling device. Background Art

[0002] Rock sampling is an essential part of geological exploration, mineral resource development, and engineering safety assessment. Traditional rock sampling methods mainly include mechanical drilling, ultrasonic vibration sampling, and low-pressure water jet sampling. However, these methods have many shortcomings in practical applications:

[0003] Mechanical drilling: Relying on mechanical force to cut or drill the rock formation, although it can achieve a certain sampling effect, the efficiency is low, especially in rock formations with high hardness or complex fractures, where the operation is difficult; the drilling process is prone to secondary damage to the target rock formation, the sampling particle breakage rate is high, and it is difficult to ensure the integrity of the sample; it causes serious wear and tear on the equipment and has high maintenance costs.

[0004] Ultrasonic vibration sampling: Ultrasonic vibration technology uses high-frequency vibration to peel off the surface of the rock layer. It is suitable for softer rock layers, but its efficiency is significantly reduced in high-hardness rock layers. The vibration process can easily cause irregular cracks to expand, reducing the quality of the sample.

[0005] Low-pressure water jet sampling: Low-pressure water jet sampling peels off the rock layer by spraying high-pressure water, but the water flow pressure is limited, making it difficult to handle high-hardness rock layers; the water flow diffuses widely, the energy utilization rate is low, and the stripping efficiency is not high; the water flow may cause pollution to the surrounding environment and is difficult to clean up.

[0006] Furthermore, existing technologies also have significant deficiencies in multi-scenario adaptability and intelligence. Traditional sampling devices are often unable to dynamically adjust sampling parameters based on characteristics such as rock hardness and fracture distribution, resulting in poor adaptability in complex geological environments. Furthermore, existing devices have limited ability to collect and process exfoliated particles during the sampling process, which can easily lead to sample loss and environmental contamination. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the issues raised in the aforementioned background technology, the present invention provides a high-pressure water jet sampling method and sampling device for rock formations. These methods represent significant breakthroughs in technology, structure, and functionality. Compared to existing technologies, they significantly improve the efficiency, accuracy, and adaptability of rock formation sampling while reducing environmental and operational burdens. This innovative sampling method and device design offers a novel solution for efficient rock formation sampling under complex geological conditions, possessing significant application prospects and market value.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] Target area positioning: Use laser scanners or ultrasonic detection equipment to accurately determine the sampling area of ​​the rock formation; Plasma water vapor explosion stripping:

[0011] a) Inject a small amount of high-purity water into the nozzle;

[0012] b) using a plasma generator to ionize water through pulse discharge to form a high-temperature and high-pressure water-gas mixture;

[0013] c) Stripping the target rock surface through the shock wave generated by the water-gas explosion;

[0014] Vacuum energy collection:

[0015] a) Create a negative pressure environment around the sampling area to draw the stripped rock particles into the negative pressure collection sleeve;

[0016] b) separating rock particles from water vapor through a filtration device, and storing the rock particles in a sample container;

[0017] Dynamic adaptive control: Based on the hardness and crack distribution of the target rock formation, the water-gas explosion intensity, vacuum attraction and nozzle angle are dynamically adjusted to achieve efficient sampling.

[0018] The pulse discharge voltage of the water vapor explosion is in the range of 1-2 kV, the explosion frequency is in the range of 100-500 Hz, the negative pressure is in the range of 0.05-0.1 MPa, and the negative pressure collection sleeve is made of transparent high-temperature resistant material and can form a closed environment with the target rock formation area.

[0019] Among them, a sampling device for implementing the rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling method includes:

[0020] A handheld or fixed base and a jet sampling mechanism disposed in front of the handheld or fixed base; the handheld or fixed base and the jet sampling mechanism are connected via a hydraulic rod array, allowing adjustment of the angle of the jet sampling mechanism relative to the handheld or fixed base; the jet sampling mechanism comprises a rod-shaped nozzle and an integrated housing disposed behind the rod-shaped nozzle; the integrated housing is provided with a negative pressure device and a water pumping device; a cylindrical piston cavity is defined in the middle of the rod-shaped nozzle along its length; a piston is disposed within a sealing sliding sleeve within the piston cavity; a support sleeve is disposed outside the fixed sleeve in the middle of the rod-shaped nozzle; the front end of the support sleeve is open; The jet sampling mechanism also includes a negative pressure collection sleeve with an open front end; the negative pressure collection sleeve is sealed and slidably sleeved with the rod-shaped nozzle and the support sleeve at the same time; the negative pressure device is connected to the negative pressure collection sleeve through an air suction pipe; the negative pressure collection sleeve, the support sleeve and the rod-shaped nozzle enclose a sealed propulsion chamber; the sealed propulsion chamber is connected to the piston chamber; a water drop-shaped explosion chamber is provided inside the rod-shaped nozzle near the front end; a discharge electrode is provided in the explosion chamber; the explosion chamber is connected to a water pumping device; the rear end of the explosion chamber is also connected to the piston chamber; the front end of the explosion chamber is connected to the nozzle of the rod-shaped nozzle.

[0021] Wherein, the rear end of the piston and the rear end of the piston cavity are connected with a spring.

[0022] Wherein, the nozzle diameter is 1-2 mm.

[0023] Among them, a filter plate is provided at the rear part of the negative pressure collection sleeve; an elastic partition is provided in the middle part of the negative pressure collection sleeve; the outer ring of the elastic partition is fixed on the inner wall of the negative pressure collection sleeve, and the inner ring is inclined toward the rear of the rod-shaped nozzle and abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the rod-shaped nozzle; the elastic partition is provided with multiple slits from the inner ring to the outer ring, so that the elastic partition can bend backward in a petal shape under the action of negative pressure.

[0024] Wherein, an elastic cover is fixedly provided at the front end of the negative pressure collection sleeve, and the elastic cover is trumpet-shaped.

[0025] Among them, the hydraulic rod array includes diagonal hydraulic rods that are evenly distributed around the support sleeve and rear hydraulic rods that are evenly distributed around the rear of the rod-shaped sprinkler; the front ends of the diagonal hydraulic rods are respectively ball-connected with the support sleeves, and the rear ends are respectively ball-connected with the handheld or fixed bases; one end of the rear hydraulic rod is respectively ball-connected with the rod-shaped sprinkler, and the other end is respectively ball-connected with the handheld or fixed base.

[0026] Wherein, the sampling method of the sampling device is:

[0027] S1. Target area positioning

[0028] Use laser scanners or ultrasonic detection equipment to accurately locate the rock sampling area to ensure the accuracy of the sampling position;

[0029] S2. Plasma Water-Gas Explosive Stripping Water Injection Preparation: A small amount of high-purity water is injected into the explosion chamber within the rod-shaped nozzle using a water pump.

[0030] Energy release: Utilize the discharge electrodes in the explosion chamber to ionize water through pulse discharge, forming a high-temperature and high-pressure water-gas mixture;

[0031] Impact stripping: The water-gas mixture explodes in the explosion chamber, and the generated shock wave peels off the rock surface through the nozzle, completing the rock fragmentation in the target area;

[0032] S3. Vacuum energy collection

[0033] The negative pressure collection sleeve moves forward: the explosive force generated by the water-gas mixture in the explosion chamber partially enters the piston chamber backward, causing the piston to overcome the spring and move backward, squeezing the air in the piston chamber behind the piston into the sealed propulsion chamber, thereby pushing the negative pressure collection sleeve forward, so that the elastic cover at the front end of the negative pressure collection sleeve covers the sampling area; negative pressure environment is formed: at the same time, a negative pressure environment of 0.05-0.1MPa is formed in the negative pressure collection sleeve through the negative pressure device and the suction pipe. In this process, the elastic partition can bend backward in a petal shape under the action of negative pressure;

[0034] Particle collection: The stripped rock particles are sucked into the negative pressure collection sleeve under the action of negative pressure, and pass through the elastic partition into the rear part of the negative pressure collection sleeve;

[0035] Particle separation: Particles and water vapor are separated by the filter plate in the negative pressure collection sleeve;

[0036] S4. Dynamic adaptive control and real-time adjustment: Based on the rock hardness and crack distribution, the hydraulic rod array adjusts the nozzle angle, blast intensity, and negative pressure attraction simultaneously.

[0037] Feedback optimization: Utilize dynamic adaptive control mechanism to optimize sampling parameters for each sampling to improve sampling efficiency and accuracy.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling method and sampling device of the present invention have made innovations in structural design, function realization, performance optimization, etc., and have the following beneficial effects compared with the existing technology:

[0040] 1. Efficient and accurate sampling capabilities

[0041] Plasma water-gas explosion technology uses pulsed discharge to ionize water, forming a high-temperature, high-pressure water-gas mixture. This generates shock waves that peel away the rock surface, increasing sampling efficiency by over 30% compared to traditional mechanical drilling. The concentrated shock wave energy reduces impact on non-target areas, improving sample integrity and achieving a particle breakage rate of no more than 10%.

[0042] Dynamic Adaptive Control: Based on rock hardness and crack distribution, blast intensity, negative pressure attraction, and nozzle angle are adjusted in real time to precisely adapt to complex geological environments. Dynamic parameter adjustments improve sampling efficiency and accuracy, with positioning errors controlled within ±2mm.

[0043] 2. Environmental friendliness and safety

[0044] Green sampling: Using high-purity water as the medium reduces the mechanical damage and chemical contamination of the environment caused by traditional methods. The negative pressure collection process avoids the spillage of debris, protects the surrounding environment, and reduces the workload of cleanup.

[0045] Closed environment design: The negative pressure collection sleeve forms a closed environment with the target area through an elastic cover to avoid water vapor leakage and meet environmental protection requirements.

[0046] 3. Structural integrated design

[0047] Modular Integration: The device integrates the plasma blasting module, vacuum energy focusing module, and hydraulic control module into a compact design with coordinated functions. The integrated design of the rod-shaped nozzle and negative pressure collection sleeve reduces the complexity and operation difficulty of the device, facilitating maintenance and promotion.

[0048] Hydraulic rod array: enables flexible adjustment of the nozzle angle, ensuring that the shock wave acts at the optimal angle in the crack direction, greatly improving the stripping efficiency.

[0049] 4. High level of intelligence and automation

[0050] Real-time feedback optimization: Embedded AI algorithms analyze hardness, crack distribution and other data in real time, dynamically optimize sampling parameters, and improve the intelligent level of equipment operation.

[0051] High adaptability: The device is suitable for 5-9 Mohs hardness and crack density range of 50-200m -2 It can be widely used in geological exploration, mineral development and other fields.

[0052] 5. Improve operational convenience

[0053] Adjustable Structure: A handheld or fixed base combined with a hydraulic rod array design allows operators to flexibly adjust the device angle to meet the needs of various scenarios. Sampling can be completed by a single operator, simplifying the operation process and improving work efficiency.

[0054] Real-time monitoring and display: The visual interface shows the sampling progress, hardness and crack distribution, allowing operators to understand the equipment status at any time.

[0055] 6. Economic and practical value

[0056] High equipment durability: The nozzle is made of high-temperature resistant materials (titanium alloy or ceramics), has a long service life, can adapt to high-load working environments, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0057] Strong market competitiveness: Combining high efficiency, environmental protection and multi-scenario adaptability, the device has significant market advantages, can meet the actual needs of geological exploration and mineral development, and promote the upgrading of related industries.

[0058] Overall, this invention represents a significant breakthrough in technology, structure, and functionality. Compared to existing technologies, it significantly improves the efficiency, accuracy, and adaptability of rock sampling while reducing environmental and operational burdens. Its innovative sampling method and device design offer a novel solution for efficient rock sampling in complex geological conditions, with significant application prospects and market value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the sampling method of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sampling device of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the sampling device of the present invention.

[0062] In the figure, 1. Handheld or fixed base; 2. Jet sampling mechanism; 21. Rod-shaped nozzle; 22. Integrated box; 23. Support sleeve; 24. Negative pressure collection sleeve; 241. Filter plate; 242. Elastic partition; 243. Elastic cover; 25. Sealing propulsion chamber; 251. Suction pipe; 26. Piston chamber; 261. Spring; 27. Piston; 28. Explosion chamber; 29. ​​Nozzle; 3. Hydraulic rod array; 31. Diagonal support hydraulic rod; 32. Rear hydraulic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] See also Figure 1 The present invention relates to a rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling method, which comprises the following steps: S1 target area positioning: accurately determining the sampling area of ​​the rock formation by using a laser scanner or ultrasonic detection equipment; S2 plasma water vapor explosion stripping:

[0065] a) Inject a small amount of high-purity water into the nozzle;

[0066] b) using a plasma generator to ionize water through pulse discharge to form a high-temperature and high-pressure water-gas mixture;

[0067] c) Stripping the target rock surface through the shock wave generated by the water-gas explosion;

[0068] S3 vacuum energy collection:

[0069] a) Create a negative pressure environment around the sampling area to draw the stripped rock particles into the negative pressure collection sleeve;

[0070] b) separating rock particles from water vapor through a filtration device, and storing the rock particles in a sample container;

[0071] S4 Dynamic Adaptive Control: Based on the hardness and crack distribution of the target rock formation, it dynamically adjusts the water-gas explosion intensity, vacuum attraction, and nozzle angle to achieve efficient sampling.

[0072] Furthermore, dynamic adaptive control aims to adjust the water-gas explosion intensity (P), negative pressure attraction (N), and nozzle angle (θ) in real time according to parameters such as the hardness (H) of the target rock formation, the distribution density of cracks (D), and the efficiency of the shock wave (E) to ensure efficient and accurate sampling. The control method is as follows:

[0073] 1. Parameter acquisition and definition

[0074] (1) Parameter definition and measurement

[0075] H: Rock hardness (unit: Mohs), measured in real time by laser scanner or ultrasonic equipment.

[0076] D: Crack distribution density (unit: m -2 ), which is calculated by the scanning device based on the number and distribution of cracks in the target area.

[0077] E: Shock wave efficiency (dimensionless), reflecting the uniformity of the distribution of shock wave energy generated by the water-gas explosion on the rock surface, measured by a pressure sensor.

[0078] P: Water vapor explosion intensity (unit: Pa), controlled by pulse voltage and frequency, and proportional to the instantaneous pressure generated by the water vapor explosion.

[0079] N: Negative pressure attraction (unit: Pa), which is controlled by the suction speed of the negative pressure device and is used for the absorption and filtration of particles.

[0080] θ: nozzle angle (unit: °), the inclination angle between the nozzle and the rock surface, adjusted by the hydraulic rod array, affects the effect of the shock wave.

[0081] 2. Dynamically adjust formulas and processes

[0082] (1) Adjustment formula for water vapor explosion intensity (P)

[0083]

[0084] k1: adjustment coefficient, which is related to the efficiency of water-gas explosion and device design, and the value range is 10 5 ~10 6 Pa / Mohs. H: Hardness of target rock formation. D: Crack distribution density. ref : Reference crack density, used for normalization, set to 100m -2 .

[0085] Implementation process: The greater the hardness and the fewer cracks, the higher the water vapor explosion intensity needs to be; the system calculates the appropriate P value in real time based on the measured H and D, and controls the intensity by adjusting the pulse discharge voltage and frequency.

[0086] 3. Nozzle Angle (0) Adjustment Formula

[0087]

[0088] v x : Component velocity in the direction of rock fracture distribution (unit: m / s), calculated by scanning equipment. Z The vertical component velocity of the shock wave (unit: m / s) is determined by the device design and ranges from 10 m / s to 50 m / s. Implementation: The nozzle angle is adjusted in real time by an array of hydraulic rods to ensure the shock wave strikes the rock fracture at the optimal angle, improving stripping efficiency.

[0089] 4. Implementation process

[0090] The rock hardness (H) and crack density (D) were obtained by laser scanner and ultrasonic equipment.

[0091] Calculate the water vapor explosion intensity (P), negative pressure attraction (N), and nozzle angle (θ) based on real-time data. Adjust the pulse discharge parameters and negative pressure device suction to optimize the explosion intensity and particle adsorption capacity.

[0092] The nozzle angle is adjusted by an array of hydraulic rods to ensure that the shock wave is aimed in the direction of the target fissure.

[0093] Monitor feedback and make adjustments repeatedly until the desired sampling effect is achieved.

[0094] Dynamic adaptive control achieves accurate and efficient sampling of complex rock environments through the above process.

[0095] Furthermore, the pulse discharge voltage of the water vapor explosion is in the range of 1-2 kV, and the explosion frequency is in the range of 100-500 Hz.

[0096] Furthermore, the negative pressure range is 0.05-0.1 MPa, the negative pressure collection sleeve is made of a transparent high-temperature resistant material, and can form a closed environment with the target rock formation area.

[0097] See also Figure 2 and 3 A sampling device for implementing the rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling method comprises: a handheld or fixed base 1, a jet sampling mechanism 2 arranged in front of the handheld or fixed base 1; the handheld or fixed base 1 and the jet sampling mechanism 2 are connected by a hydraulic rod array 3, and the angle of the jet sampling mechanism 2 relative to the handheld or fixed base 1 can be adjusted; the jet sampling mechanism 2 comprises a rod-shaped nozzle 21 and an integrated box 22 arranged at the rear of the rod-shaped nozzle 21; a negative pressure device and a water pumping device are arranged in the integrated box 22; a columnar piston cavity 26 is opened in the middle of the rod-shaped nozzle 21 along its length direction; a piston 27 is provided in a sealing sliding sleeve in the piston cavity 26; a support sleeve 23 is provided on the outer fixed sleeve of the middle of the rod-shaped nozzle 21; the support The front end of the sleeve 23 is open; the jet sampling mechanism 2 also includes a negative pressure collection sleeve 24 with an open front end; the negative pressure collection sleeve 24 is sealed and slidably sleeved with the rod-shaped nozzle 21 and the support sleeve 23 at the same time; the negative pressure device is connected to the negative pressure collection sleeve 24 through the suction pipe 251; the negative pressure collection sleeve 24, the support sleeve and the rod-shaped nozzle 21 enclose a sealed propulsion chamber 25; the sealed propulsion chamber 25 is connected to the piston chamber 26; a water drop-shaped explosion chamber 28 is provided inside the rod-shaped nozzle 21 near the front end; a discharge electrode is provided in the explosion chamber 28; the explosion chamber 28 is connected to a water pumping device; the rear end of the explosion chamber 28 is also connected to the piston chamber 26; the front end of the explosion chamber 28 is connected to the nozzle 29 of the rod-shaped nozzle 21.

[0098] Furthermore, a spring 261 is connected between the rear end of the piston 27 and the rear end of the piston chamber 26 .

[0099] Furthermore, the nozzle has a diameter of 1-2 mm.

[0100] Furthermore, a filter plate 241 is provided at the inner rear part of the negative pressure collection sleeve 24; an elastic partition 242 is provided in the middle part of the negative pressure collection sleeve 24; the outer ring of the elastic partition 242 is fixed on the inner wall of the negative pressure collection sleeve 24, and the inner ring is inclined toward the rear of the rod-shaped nozzle 21 and abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the rod-shaped nozzle 21; the elastic partition 242 has multiple slits from the inner ring to the outer ring, so that the elastic partition 242 can bend backward in a petal shape under the action of negative pressure.

[0101] Furthermore, an elastic cover 243 is fixedly provided at the front end of the negative pressure collection sleeve 24, and the elastic cover 243 is trumpet-shaped.

[0102] Furthermore, the hydraulic rod array 3 includes diagonal hydraulic rods 31 uniformly distributed around the support sleeve 23 and rear hydraulic rods 32 uniformly distributed around the rear of the rod-shaped sprinkler 21; the front ends of the diagonal hydraulic rods 31 are respectively ball-connected with the support sleeve 23, and the rear ends are respectively ball-connected with the handheld or fixed base 1; one end of the rear hydraulic rod 32 is respectively ball-connected with the rod-shaped sprinkler 21, and the other end is respectively ball-connected with the handheld or fixed base 1.

[0103] Furthermore, the sampling method of the sampling device is:

[0104] S1. Target area positioning

[0105] The rock sampling area is precisely located by laser scanner or ultrasonic detection equipment to ensure the accuracy of the sampling position; the three-dimensional structural information of the rock surface is obtained by using laser scanner or ultrasonic detection equipment, and the hardness (Mohs) and crack distribution density (m) of the target area are analyzed by the reflected signal. -2 ) to achieve high-precision positioning of the target area. Positioning data serves as input for dynamic adaptive control, ensuring the accuracy and pertinence of subsequent steps.

[0106] The positioning error is less than ±2mm, avoiding the loss of sample integrity due to sampling position deviation; improving sampling efficiency while reducing interference and damage to non-target areas.

[0107] S2 plasma water explosion stripping water injection preparation: by pumping means to the rod-shaped nozzle 21 within the explosion chamber 28 to inject trace amounts of high-purity water;

[0108] Energy release: The discharge electrodes in the explosion chamber 28 are used to ionize water through pulse discharge to form a high-temperature and high-pressure water-gas mixture;

[0109] Impact stripping: The water-gas mixture explodes in the explosion chamber 28, and the generated shock wave peels off the rock surface through the nozzle, completing the rock fragmentation in the target area;

[0110] Explosive shock waves are used to strip rock formations, avoiding the wear and tear caused by traditional mechanical cutting and improving efficiency by more than 30%. Highly focused shock waves reduce energy loss, ensuring the integrity of the stripped particles, with a breakage rate of less than 10%. No mechanical contact is required, reducing equipment loss and adapting to rock formations with high hardness and complex cracks.

[0111] S3. Vacuum energy collection

[0112] The negative pressure collection sleeve moves forward: the explosive force generated by the water-gas mixture in the explosion chamber 28 partially enters the piston chamber 26 backward, causing the piston 27 to overcome the spring 261 and move backward, squeezing the air in the piston chamber 26 behind the piston 27 into the sealing propulsion chamber 25, thereby pushing the negative pressure collection sleeve 24 forward, so that the elastic cover 243 at the front end of the negative pressure collection sleeve 24 covers the sampling area;

[0113] Negative pressure environment formation: At the same time, a negative pressure environment of 0.05-0.1 MPa is formed in the negative pressure collection sleeve 24 through the negative pressure device and the suction pipe 251. During this process, the elastic partition 242 can bend backward into a petal shape under the action of the negative pressure;

[0114] Particle collection: The stripped rock particles are sucked into the negative pressure collection sleeve 24 under the action of negative pressure, and pass through the elastic partition 242 and enter the rear part of the negative pressure collection sleeve 24;

[0115] Particle separation: Particles and water vapor are separated by the filter plate 241 in the negative pressure collection sleeve;

[0116] The elastic cover design of the negative pressure collection sleeve achieves a sealed treatment of the target area to prevent the escape of particles and water vapor;

[0117] The petal-shaped deformation of the elastic partition provides a dynamic adjustment channel to adapt to the flow requirements of particles of different sizes; it achieves efficient separation, improves particle collection efficiency by 20%, and reduces environmental pollution and cleanup costs.

[0118] S4. Dynamic adaptive control real-time adjustment: According to the rock hardness and crack distribution, the hydraulic rod array 3 adjusts the nozzle angle, while adjusting the explosion intensity and negative pressure attraction;

[0119] Feedback optimization: Dynamic adaptive control mechanism is used to optimize each sampling parameter to improve sampling efficiency and accuracy. The nozzle angle can be automatically adjusted according to the crack distribution to ensure that the shock wave is aligned with the crack direction, thereby improving stripping efficiency.

[0120] Coordinated regulation of explosion intensity and attraction to avoid over-stripping or insufficient particle collection;

[0121] Improve the adaptability of the device, and be able to -2 It can operate efficiently in complex environments.

[0122] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Target area positioning: Use laser scanners or ultrasonic detection equipment to accurately determine the sampling area of ​​the rock formation; Plasma water vapor explosion stripping: a) Inject a small amount of high-purity water into the nozzle; b) using a plasma generator to ionize water through pulse discharge to form a high-temperature and high-pressure water-gas mixture; c) Stripping the target rock surface through the shock wave generated by the water-gas explosion; Vacuum energy collection: a) Create a negative pressure environment around the sampling area to draw the stripped rock particles into the negative pressure collection sleeve; b) separating rock particles from water vapor through a filtration device, and storing the rock particles in a sample container; Dynamic adaptive control: Based on the hardness and crack distribution of the target rock formation, the water-gas explosion intensity, vacuum attraction and nozzle angle are dynamically adjusted to achieve efficient sampling.

2. A rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse discharge voltage of the water vapor explosion is in the range of 1-2 kV, and the explosion frequency is in the range of 100-500 Hz.

3. The rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure range is 0.05-0.1 MPa, and the negative pressure collection sleeve is made of a transparent high-temperature resistant material and can form a closed environment with the target rock formation area.

4. A sampling device for implementing the rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling method, characterized in that: The invention comprises a handheld or fixed base (1) and a jet sampling mechanism (2) arranged in front of the handheld or fixed base (1); the handheld or fixed base (1) and the jet sampling mechanism (2) are connected via a hydraulic rod array (3), and the angle of the jet sampling mechanism (2) relative to the handheld or fixed base (1) can be adjusted; the jet sampling mechanism (2) comprises a rod-shaped spray head (21) and an integrated box (22) arranged at the rear of the rod-shaped spray head (21); a negative pressure device and a water pumping device are arranged in the integrated box (22); a columnar piston cavity (26) is provided in the middle of the rod-shaped spray head (21) along its length direction; a piston (27) is provided in a sealing sliding sleeve in the piston cavity (26); a support sleeve (23) is provided on the outer fixed sleeve of the middle of the rod-shaped spray head (21); the front end of the support sleeve (23) is open; the jet sampling mechanism (2) comprises a rod-shaped spray head (21) and an integrated box (22) arranged at the rear of the rod-shaped spray head (21); a negative pressure device and a water pumping device are arranged in the integrated box (22); a columnar piston cavity (26) is provided in the middle of the rod-shaped spray head (21) along its length direction; a piston (27) is provided in the ... The sample mechanism (2) further comprises a negative pressure collecting sleeve (24) with an open front end; the negative pressure collecting sleeve (24) is simultaneously sealed and slidably sleeved with the rod-shaped nozzle (21) and the support sleeve (23); the negative pressure device is connected to the negative pressure collecting sleeve (24) through an air intake pipe (251); the negative pressure collecting sleeve (24), the support sleeve and the rod-shaped nozzle (21) enclose a sealed propulsion chamber (25); the sealed propulsion chamber (25) is connected to the piston chamber (26); a water drop-shaped explosion chamber (28) is provided inside the rod-shaped nozzle (21) near the front end; a discharge electrode is provided in the explosion chamber (28); the explosion chamber (28) is connected to a water pump device; the rear end of the explosion chamber (28) is also connected to the piston chamber (26); the front end of the explosion chamber (28) is connected to the nozzle (29) of the rod-shaped nozzle (21).

5. The rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear end of the piston (27) and the rear end of the piston chamber (26) are connected with a spring (261).

6. The rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nozzle diameter is 1-2 mm.

7. The rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filter plate (241) is provided at the rear inner portion of the negative pressure collection sleeve (24); an elastic partition (242) is provided at the middle portion of the negative pressure collection sleeve (24); the outer ring of the elastic partition (242) is fixed on the inner wall of the negative pressure collection sleeve (24), and the inner ring is inclined toward the rear of the rod-shaped nozzle (21) and abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the rod-shaped nozzle (21); the elastic partition (242) is provided with a plurality of slits from the inner ring to the outer ring, so that the elastic partition (242) can bend backward in a petal shape under the action of negative pressure.

8. The rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An elastic cover (243) is fixedly provided at the front end of the negative pressure collecting sleeve (24), and the elastic cover (243) is trumpet-shaped.

9. The rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic rod array (3) comprises diagonal hydraulic rods (31) uniformly distributed around a support sleeve (23) and rear hydraulic rods (32) uniformly distributed around the rear of a rod-shaped spray head (21); the front ends of the diagonal hydraulic rods (31) are respectively ball-connected with the support sleeve (23), and the rear ends are respectively ball-connected with a handheld or fixed base (1); one end of the rear hydraulic rod (32) is respectively ball-connected with the rod-shaped spray head (21), and the other end is respectively ball-connected with the handheld or fixed base (1).

10. The rock formation high-pressure water jet sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sampling method of the sampling device is: S1. Target area positioning Use laser scanners or ultrasonic detection equipment to accurately locate the rock sampling area to ensure the accuracy of the sampling position; S2. Plasma water vapor explosion stripping Water injection preparation: inject a small amount of high-purity water into the explosion chamber (28) in the rod-shaped nozzle (21) through a water pump device; Energy release: using the discharge electrodes in the explosion chamber (28) to ionize water through pulse discharge to form a high-temperature and high-pressure water-gas mixture; Impact stripping: The water-gas mixture explodes in the explosion chamber (28), and the generated shock wave strips the surface of the rock formation through the nozzle, completing the rock formation fragmentation in the target area; S3. Vacuum energy collection The negative pressure collection sleeve moves forward: the explosive force generated by the water-gas mixture in the explosion chamber (28) partially enters the piston chamber (26) backward, causing the piston (27) to overcome the spring (261) and move backward, squeezing the air in the piston chamber (26) behind the piston (27) into the sealing propulsion chamber (25), thereby pushing the negative pressure collection sleeve (24) forward, so that the elastic cover (243) at the front end of the negative pressure collection sleeve (24) covers the sampling area; Negative pressure environment formation: At the same time, a negative pressure environment of 0.05-0.1 MPa is formed in the negative pressure collection sleeve (24) through the negative pressure device and the suction pipe (251). During this process, the elastic partition (242) can bend backward in a petal shape under the action of the negative pressure; Particle collection: The stripped rock particles are sucked into the negative pressure collection sleeve (24) under the action of negative pressure, and pass through the elastic partition (242) and enter the rear part of the negative pressure collection sleeve (24); Particle separation: separation of particles and water vapor through the filter plate (241) in the negative pressure collection sleeve; S4. Dynamic adaptive control Real-time adjustment: According to the hardness of the rock layer and the distribution of cracks, the hydraulic rod array (3) adjusts the nozzle angle, and at the same time adjusts the explosion intensity and negative pressure attraction; Feedback optimization: Utilize dynamic adaptive control mechanism to optimize sampling parameters for each sampling to improve sampling efficiency and accuracy.

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