Temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system

Abstract

The invention relates to a temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system. The system comprises a rack, an integrated environment temperature control box, a loading assembly, a function mode switching assembly and a data acquisition assembly, a clamp track and a test box track are arranged in the integrated environment temperature control box, and the function mode switching assembly is located in the integrated environment temperature control box; the loading assembly comprises a horizontal force loading mechanism and a vertical force loading mechanism; the function mode switching assembly comprises a shear creep mechanical test module, a drawing mechanical test module, a tensile puncture mechanical test module and a single particle crushing mechanical test module which are provided with the same adapter; and the data acquisition assembly is connected with the integrated environment temperature control box and the loading assembly. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the free assembly of the sample device, the fixing clamp and the common push-pull rod is realized through a standardized interface design, the application and collection of various types of forces are realized by one set of system, the cost and complexity are obviously reduced, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a geotechnical material mechanical property testing technology, and in particular to a temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system. Background Art

[0002] Due to the frequent occurrence of extreme weather, the temperature and humidity of the environment in which soil, structures, and geosynthetics are located have undergone significant changes, which have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of soil, structures, and geosynthetics interfaces. Therefore, it is necessary to study the strength of soil, the mechanical properties of the soil-structure interface, and the mechanical properties of geosynthetics under different temperature and humidity environments. However, existing equipment has significant deficiencies in environmental simulation. It cannot accurately control temperature and humidity conditions or the control range is limited (for example, it can only simulate normal temperature or a narrow range of temperature and humidity changes). It is difficult to reproduce the effects of complex environments (such as extremely low temperature, high temperature, or high humidity environments) on the mechanical properties of sand, geosynthetics, and the interface between soil and geosynthetics. In addition, experimental research involves multiple mechanical test types such as direct shear, pull-out, creep, crushing, and puncture. Traditional test equipment usually has a single function and can only be designed for specific test types. For example, a direct shear instrument is only used for shear tests, and a pull-out instrument is only used for interface pull-out tests. This results in the need to configure multiple devices in the laboratory, which takes up a lot of space, is costly, and the test process is cumbersome and inefficient. Therefore, the present invention realizes wide-range temperature and humidity environment simulation through a temperature and humidity combined control system, and integrates multiple mechanical testing functions such as direct shear, pulling, creep, crushing, stretching, and puncture through the modular standardized design of accessories, thereby meeting the testing of various mechanical properties of different materials under a temperature and humidity coupling environment.

[0003] Existing research on test instruments for measuring the effects of temperature and humidity on the mechanical properties of the soil-structure interface includes the following: Chinese invention patent number CN201711370202.5, "A Temperature-Controlled Shear Box Device for Direct Shear Testing," utilizes a constant-temperature water bath circulation system to control temperature, preventing direct water contact with soil samples, making it suitable for direct shear testing. However, the temperature and humidity control system is limited, lacking humidity control, and only supports direct shear testing of sandy soils. It cannot perform soil-structure interface testing, cannot simulate temperature-humidity coupled environments, and lacks integrated multifunctional features such as pulling, puncturing, and crushing.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent application number CN201811310485.9, "Integrated Direct Shear and Tensile Testing Device for Geosynthetics with Dynamic Loading," supports both static and dynamic loading, using a hydraulic system to integrate direct shear and tensile testing. However, it lacks environmental control, with no mention of a temperature and humidity control module, limiting testing to ambient temperatures. The data monitoring terminal does not integrate environmental parameters, making it impossible to analyze the impact of temperature and humidity on mechanical properties.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent "High and Low Temperature Direct Shear and Pull-Out Friction Tester" with patent application number CN202310289793.2 integrates a high and low temperature system (-20°C to 50°C) and supports direct shear and pull-out tests at extreme temperatures. It only focuses on temperature regulation and cannot achieve humidity control and temperature and humidity coupling tests. It focuses on direct shear and pull-out, lacking test modules such as puncture and crushing. There is no mention of achieving multi-functional integration by replacing accessories, and switching between test types is complicated.

[0006] The Chinese utility model patent application number CN202121477710.5, "Measurement and Control Device for Geosynthetics Direct Shear and Pullout Testing Machine," utilizes adjustable fixtures and square slots to accommodate specimens of varying sizes, supporting both direct shear and pullout testing. However, the device only supports direct shear and pullout testing, lacking multifunctional expansion capabilities. It lacks any temperature and humidity control capabilities, limiting testing to room temperature only. Compatibility with large specimens is not mentioned, suggesting it may only be suitable for small-scale testing.

[0007] In summary, how to design a device that can simultaneously realize temperature and humidity joint control and transformation of different mechanical testing functions is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect of the above-mentioned prior art that it is unable to simultaneously realize the temperature and humidity joint control and the conversion of different mechanical testing functions, and to provide a temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical properties testing system.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, a multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system with controllable temperature and humidity is provided, comprising a rack and an integrated environmental temperature control box mounted on the rack, a loading component, a function mode switching component, and a data acquisition component;

[0011] The integrated environmental temperature control box is provided with a fixture track and a test box track, and the functional mode switching component and the specimen made of geotechnical materials are located in the integrated environmental temperature control box;

[0012] The loading assembly includes a horizontal force loading mechanism and a vertical force loading mechanism, wherein the horizontal force loading mechanism is installed on one side of the integrated environmental temperature control box, and the vertical force loading mechanism is installed on the side of the integrated environmental temperature control box away from the ground; the horizontal push-pull rod of the horizontal force loading mechanism and the vertical pressure rod of the vertical force loading mechanism are perpendicular to each other; the horizontal push-pull rod is close to the fixture track;

[0013] The functional mode switching assembly includes a shear creep mechanics test module, a pull-out mechanics test module, a tensile puncture mechanics test module, and a single particle crushing mechanics test module, all of which are equipped with the same adapter; the adapter is connected to a horizontal push-pull rod or a vertical pressure rod;

[0014] The data acquisition component is connected to the integrated environmental temperature control box and the loading component.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the shear creep mechanics testing module includes an upper shear box, a lower shear box, a fixture and a horizontal push-pull rod adapter block;

[0016] The upper surface of the lower shear box is provided with sand or a clamp;

[0017] The horizontal push-pull rod adapter block is placed on the fixture track, the lower shear box is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod through the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block, and the lower shear box is placed on the test box track through a rail car.

[0018] As an optimal technical solution, the pull-out mechanics test module includes a pull-out box and a geosynthetic material fixture; the pull-out box is placed on the test box track by a rail car, and the vertical pressure rod applies normal stress to the specimen; the geosynthetic material fixture is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod, and the horizontal push-pull rod and the geosynthetic material fixture apply tensile stress to the specimen.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the tensile puncture mechanical testing module includes a fixture and a conical puncture head; the geosynthetics fixture is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod, and the conical puncture head is connected to one end of the vertical pressure rod.

[0020] As an optimal technical solution, the single particle crushing mechanical test module includes a lower shear box and a vertical pressure plate; the lower shear box is placed on the test box track through a rail car, and a test pad is placed between the lower shear box and the specimen; the vertical pressure plate is connected to one end of the vertical pressure rod.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the integrated environmental temperature control box is equipped with a fixed rod adjustment handwheel and a horizontal fixed rod;

[0022] There are two fixture rails and two test box rails, and their extension direction is parallel to the loading direction of the horizontal force loading mechanism. The two fixture rails are symmetrically installed, and the two test box rails are symmetrically installed. The distance between the two fixture rails is smaller than the distance between the two test box rails. A stop block is provided between the two fixture rails and the two test box rails.

[0023] The horizontal fixing rod is parallel to the horizontal push-pull rod, one end of which passes through the interior of the integrated environmental temperature control box, and the other end of which is connected to the fixing rod adjusting hand wheel.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution, the integrated environmental temperature control box includes an environmental temperature and humidity box and a heating and cooling unit, a humidifier, a dehumidifier and a fan installed on one side of the environmental temperature and humidity box;

[0025] The temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the inner side wall of the environmental temperature and humidity box, and the temperature and humidity adjustment panel is installed on the outer side wall; the temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the surface of the sample.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution, the integrated environmental temperature control box further includes a circulating air duct and a condensed water collection box. The circulating air duct is arranged on a side of the integrated environmental temperature control box away from the ground, and the condensed water collection box is connected to a humidifier.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution, the horizontal force loading mechanism further includes a horizontal loading mechanism housing, a horizontal threaded column, a servo motor, a power switch and a horizontal sensor;

[0028] One end of the horizontal threaded column passes through the horizontal loading mechanism housing and is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor; the servo motor is installed in the horizontal loading mechanism housing, the power switch is installed on the surface of the horizontal loading housing and is connected to the servo motor, one end of the horizontal push-pull rod is connected to the horizontal threaded column, and the other end passes through one side of the integrated environmental temperature control box, the horizontal sensor is installed on the horizontal push-pull rod and connected to the data acquisition component.

[0029] As an optimal technical solution, the vertical force loading mechanism also includes a hydraulic servo module and a vertical sensor. One end of the vertical pressure rod is connected to the hydraulic servo module, and the other end is transmitted to one side of the integrated environmental temperature control box. The vertical sensor is installed on the vertical pressure rod and connected to the data acquisition component.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0031] 1) The present invention realizes the free assembly of the sample device and the fixing fixture with the common push-pull rod and the retractable fixing rod through standardized interface design and adapter, and realizes the application and collection of various types of forces with a set of horizontal and vertical force loading mechanisms, which significantly reduces the cost and complexity. The key technical breakthroughs of the present invention in achieving multi-functional integration are: ① The core loading platform and multi-module compatible design: a loading system platform, which jointly controls horizontal / vertical loading through a servo motor and a hydraulic servo system; realizes the sharing of six types of test functions such as direct shear, pulling, creep, puncture, stretching, and crushing; all functional mode switching components (such as shear boxes, pulling boxes, puncture heads, fixtures, etc.) use standardized adapters (bolts / pins) for quick disassembly and assembly, and completes mode switching within a few minutes. ② Dynamic mode support: The servo motor and the hydraulic system can switch between static, dynamic, and creep loading modes to meet different test requirements.

[0032] 2) The present invention adopts an integrated environmental temperature control box, which has the characteristics of wide-range combined temperature and humidity control. It can support the testing of soil strength, mechanical properties of the soil-structure interface, and mechanical properties of geosynthetics in a wide range of scenarios, providing high-precision data support for engineering design and scientific research.

[0033] 3) The present invention is compatible with multi-size specimen tests. The upper shear box has multiple sizes (150*150*150, 300*300*150). The loading system can set the size area and accurately convert the collected stress to meet the testing of specimens of different sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is the front view of the mechanical properties testing system of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is the left view of the mechanical property testing system of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a right view of the mechanical properties testing system of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a top view of the mechanical properties testing system of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the integrated environmental temperature control box of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the integrated environmental temperature control box of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the fixture track and the test box track of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 It is the front view of the upper shear box of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 It is the front view of the lower shear box of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a top view of the lower shear box of the present invention when sand is set on the upper surface.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a top view of the lower shear box of the present invention when a clamp is set on the upper surface.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a front view of the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 13 This is a top view of the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 14 It is the front view of the drawing box of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 15 This is a front view of the geosynthetics clamp of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 16It is a side view of the geosynthetics clamp of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 17 It is a front view of the conical puncturing head of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 18 It is the front view of the vertical pressure plate of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the shear creep mechanics testing module of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pulling mechanics testing module of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the tensile puncture mechanical testing module of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the single particle crushing mechanics test module of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 23 The diagram is a shear stress-displacement curve of the static and dynamic direct shear tests of sand-geogrid conducted in the present invention.

[0057] Figure 24 This is a creep rate diagram of the static and dynamic creep tests of sand-geogrid conducted in the present invention.

[0058] Figure 25 This is a displacement-shear stress curve diagram under the condition of applying 20kPa normal stress in the sand-geogrid pull-out test with particle size of 1-2mm in the present invention.

[0059] Figure 26 This is a displacement-shear stress curve diagram under the working condition of applying 20kPa normal stress in the sand-geogrid pull-out test with particle size of 2-4mm in the present invention.

[0060] Figure 27 This is a displacement-shear stress curve diagram under the working condition of applying 35kPa normal stress in the sand-geogrid pull-out test with particle size of 1-2mm in the present invention.

[0061] Figure 28 This is a displacement-shear stress curve diagram under the working condition of applying 35kPa normal stress in the sand-geogrid pull-out test with particle size of 2-4mm in the present invention.

[0062] Figure 29 This is a displacement-shear stress curve diagram under the working condition of applying 50kPa normal stress in the sand-geogrid pull-out test with particle size of 1-2mm in the present invention.

[0063] Figure 30This is a displacement-shear stress curve diagram under the working condition of applying 50kPa normal stress in the sand-geogrid pull-out test with particle size of 2-4mm in the present invention.

[0064] Figure 31 This is a crushing strength-survival probability curve of the coral sand single particle crushing test conducted in the present invention.

[0065] The numbers in the figure show:

[0066] 1. Horizontal threaded column, 2. Servo motor, 3. Power switch, 4. Horizontal sensor, 5. Horizontal push-pull rod, 6. Fixture track, 7. Test box track, 8. Fixed rod adjustment handwheel, 9. Horizontal fixed rod, 10. Ambient temperature and humidity chamber air outlet, 11. Vertical pressure rod, 12. Ambient temperature and humidity chamber, 13. Vertical sensor, 14. Temperature and humidity adjustment panel, 15. Upper shear box, 16. Lower shear box, 17. Sand, 18. Fixture, 19. Horizontal push-pull rod adapter block, 20. Geosynthetics fixture, 21. Conical puncture head, 22. Vertical pressure plate, 23. Humidifier, 24. Fan, 25. Temperature and humidity sensor, 26. Stop block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention discloses a temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system. Through core innovations such as wide-range temperature and humidity joint control, modular multifunctional integration, adaptability to large-scale specimens, and long-term testing capabilities, as well as a standardized interface adapter block and a common push-pull rod and a retractable fixed rod, a single drive system is used to achieve multi-directional force loading, solving key problems such as the single function of traditional equipment, insufficient environmental simulation capability, and limited specimen size. It realizes direct shear / creep, pull-out, single particle crushing, geosynthetics stretching / puncture and other tests, and supports the study of the mechanical properties of large-scale specimens under extreme temperature and humidity coupling conditions.

[0070] Samples made of geotechnical materials include pure sand samples, soil and geosynthetics samples, and geosynthetics samples. Pure sand samples are used to explore the physical and mechanical properties of sand, soil and geosynthetics samples are used to explore the mechanical properties of the interface between soil and geosynthetics, and geosynthetics samples are used to explore the physical and mechanical properties of geosynthetics such as pulling and puncturing.

[0071] A multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system with controllable temperature and humidity includes a rack, an integrated environmental temperature control box, a loading component, a functional mode switching component, and a data acquisition component. The integrated environmental temperature control box, the loading component, the functional mode switching component, and the data acquisition component are all mounted on the rack.

[0072] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the integrated environmental temperature control chamber includes an environmental temperature and humidity chamber 12 at the front, a heating and cooling unit (a combination of semiconductors and compressor cooling), a humidifier 23, a dehumidifier, a fan 24, a circulating air duct, and a condensate collection box mounted on the rear side of the chamber 12. A temperature and humidity sensor 25 is mounted on the inner sidewall of the chamber 12, and a temperature and humidity adjustment panel 14 is mounted on the outer sidewall. Temperature and humidity sensors 25 are installed on the sample surface and inside the chamber 12. In combination with monitoring feedback from the system's external infrared temperature measurement module, dual data verification is implemented, ensuring more accurate measurement data.

[0073] The temperature and humidity control panel 14 can display and set temperature and humidity parameters in real time, supporting constant or dynamic temperature and humidity modes. By setting the temperature and humidity control panel parameters, air humidification is achieved and circulated through the fan 24 to ensure uniform temperature and humidity inside the box.

[0074] The circulating air duct ensures uniform distribution of temperature and humidity in the chamber (temperature fluctuation at different locations ≤±1°C, humidity fluctuation ≤±2%RH).

[0075] The condensed water collection box is connected to the humidifier 23. The humidified water flows into the condensed water collection box by gravity and circulates to the humidifier 23 for repeated use, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0076] The integrated environmental temperature control box has a temperature control range of -50°C to 200°C, with a temperature fluctuation of ≤±1°C; the humidity control range is 10%RH to 95%RH, with a humidity fluctuation of ≤±3%RH, and can simulate extreme natural environments (such as permafrost, island reef foundations, and coastal high-humidity environments).

[0077] like Figure 7 As shown, the bottom of the environmental temperature and humidity chamber 12 is provided with a fixture track 6 and a test box track 7. There are two fixture tracks 6 and two test box tracks 7, each symmetrically mounted, extending parallel to the horizontal push-pull rod 5 of the horizontal force loading mechanism. The fixture tracks 6 are located close to the horizontal push-pull rod 5, and the distance between the two fixture tracks 6 is greater than the distance between the two test box tracks 7. A stop block 26 is provided between the two fixture tracks 6 and the two test box tracks 7. The stop block 26 is a rigid support primarily used to limit the sliding of the pull box and to secure the pull box when a pull force is applied to the geosynthetic.

[0078] The loading assembly includes a horizontal force loading mechanism and a vertical force loading mechanism. The horizontal force loading mechanism is installed on the side of the integrated environmental temperature control box; the vertical force loading mechanism is installed on the top of the integrated environmental temperature control box.

[0079] The horizontal force loading mechanism includes a horizontal push-pull rod 5, a horizontal loading mechanism housing, a horizontal threaded column 1, a servo motor 2, a power switch 3, and a horizontal sensor 4. One end of the horizontal threaded column 1 extends into the horizontal loading mechanism housing and connects to the output shaft of the servo motor 2. The servo motor 2 is mounted within the horizontal loading mechanism housing. The power switch 3 is mounted on the surface of the horizontal loading mechanism housing and connected to the servo motor 2. One end of the horizontal push-pull rod 5 is connected to the horizontal threaded column 1 via a threaded fitting mechanism, and the other end extends to one side of the integrated environmental temperature control box. When the servo motor 2 rotates, it drives the horizontal threaded column 1 to rotate. The threaded fitting mechanism converts the rotational motion of the horizontal threaded column 1 into linear reciprocating motion of the push-pull rod. The horizontal sensor 4 is mounted on the horizontal push-pull rod 5 and connected to the data acquisition assembly. The horizontal sensor 4 includes a horizontal displacement sensor and a horizontal force sensor.

[0080] The vertical force loading mechanism includes a vertical pressure rod 11, a hydraulic servo module, and a vertical sensor 13. One end of the vertical pressure rod 11 is connected to the hydraulic servo module, and the other end is connected to one side of the integrated environmental temperature control box. The vertical sensor 13 is mounted on the vertical pressure rod 11 and connected to the data acquisition component. The vertical sensor 13 includes a vertical pressure sensor and a vertical displacement sensor.

[0081] The horizontal push-pull rod 5 and the vertical pressure rod 11 are perpendicular to each other. A fixed rod adjustment handwheel 8 and a horizontal fixed rod 9 are mounted on the side of the integrated environmental temperature control box opposite the horizontal force loading mechanism. The horizontal fixed rod 9 is parallel to the horizontal push-pull rod 5, with one end extending into the integrated environmental temperature control box and the other end connected to the fixed rod adjustment handwheel 8.

[0082] The functional mode switching component includes a shear creep mechanics test module, a pull-out mechanics test module, a tensile puncture mechanics test module and a single particle crushing mechanics test module, all of which are equipped with the same adapter.

[0083] like Figures 8 to 13 As shown, the shear creep mechanics test module includes an upper shear box 15, a lower shear box 16, a clamp 18 and a horizontal push-pull rod adapter block 19; the upper shear box 15 has a variety of sizes, such as: 150*150*150, 300*300*150; the upper surface of the lower shear box 16 is provided with sand 17 or a clamp 18; the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block 19 is placed on the clamp track 6, the lower shear box 16 is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod 5 through the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block 19, and the lower shear box 16 is placed on the test box track 7 through a rail car.

[0084] like Figures 14 to 16As shown, the tensile mechanics test module includes a drawing box and a geosynthetic material clamp 20; the drawing box is placed on the test box track 7 by a rail car, and the vertical pressure rod 11 applies normal stress to the sample; the geosynthetic material clamp 20 is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod 5, and the horizontal push-pull rod 5 and the geosynthetic material clamp 20 apply tensile stress to the sample.

[0085] like Figure 17 As shown, the tensile puncture mechanical testing module includes a geosynthetic material clamp 20 and a conical puncture head 21; the geosynthetic material clamp 20 is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod 5, and the conical puncture head 21 is connected to one end of the vertical pressure rod 11.

[0086] like Figure 18 As shown, the single particle crushing mechanical test module includes a lower shear box 16 and a vertical pressure plate; the lower shear box 16 is placed on the test box track 7 by a rail car, and a test pad is placed between the lower shear box 16 and the sample; the vertical pressure plate is connected to one end of the vertical pressure rod 11.

[0087] The adapter is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod 5 or the vertical pressure rod 11

[0088] The data acquisition component is connected to the integrated environmental temperature control box and the loading component. The horizontal sensor 4 and the vertical sensor 13 can monitor and record the force, displacement and deformation of the specimen in real time during long-term loading, ensuring high accuracy and continuity of the test data.

[0089] The significant advantages of the present invention are:

[0090] (1) Temperature and humidity control: The environmental temperature and humidity chamber 12 has a wide temperature control range (-50℃~200℃) (10%-95%RH), which can simulate the mechanical properties of geotechnical materials in extreme environments. It is particularly suitable for frozen soil engineering, island and reef engineering, coastal engineering and other scenarios.

[0091] (2) Multifunctional integration: ① The same instrument integrates multiple types of test functions, which reduces the equipment purchase cost and reduces the laboratory space occupied; ② A set of loading components can realize the application of different mechanical loads such as direct shear / creep, pulling, puncture, crushing, and stretching, and the data measured by the shared core loading sensor system is more accurate and stable.

[0092] (3) Modular design: The functional mode switching component interface adopts a unified and standardized design to achieve rapid conversion of test modules for shear / creep mechanical testing, pull-out mechanical testing, tensile puncture mechanical testing, and single particle crushing mechanical testing.

[0093] (4) Wide applicability: It is not only suitable for simple soil mechanical property testing, but also for testing the mechanical properties of geosynthetics and the mechanical properties of the soil-structure interface.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] Different from the embodiment 1, the functional mode switching component of this embodiment includes a shear creep mechanics testing module, such as Figure 19 As shown, the shear creep mechanics testing module includes an upper shear box 15, a lower shear box 16, a fixture 18, and a horizontal push-pull rod adapter block 19. The horizontal push-pull rod adapter block 19 has screw holes at the bottom and interfaces on the side. A pressure plate is provided on the surface of the test box track 7. The static and dynamic direct shear / creep tests on sand 17 and geogrid using this embodiment are performed as follows.

[0096] Step 1: Initial Tester Configuration: ① Align the screw holes at the bottom of the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block 19 with the fixing bolts on the fixture track 6 and secure the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block 19 with the bolts. ② Connect the horizontal push-pull rod 5 to the left and right interfaces of the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block 19 to ensure that the horizontal force loading mechanism is linked to the shear creep mechanics test module.

[0097] Step 2: Shear Box Assembly and Specimen Preparation: ① Bolt the lower shear box 16 to the bearing plate of the test box track 7 and install the lower shear box 16. The surface of the lower shear box 16 is provided with sand 17. ② Lay the geosynthetic material on the bottom of the upper shear box 15 and secure it with the clamp 18, ensuring that there are no wrinkles and that the material completely covers the contact surface. ③ Install the specimen into the gap between the upper and lower shear boxes 15 and 16. The specimen dimensions are 300 mm (length) × 300 mm (width) × 150 mm (height).

[0098] Step 3: Temperature and Humidity Environment Settings: ① Set the test chamber temperature to -20°C and humidity to 30% RH (simulating a frozen soil environment) using the temperature and humidity control panel 14. ② Start the humidifier 23 and fan 24 to ensure uniform temperature and humidity distribution within the chamber (fluctuation ≤ ±1°C, ±2% RH). ③ Preheat the specimen for 2 hours. After the temperature and humidity sensor 25 indicates stable parameters, begin the test.

[0099] Step 4: Loading and Data Acquisition: ① Apply a normal stress of 100 kPa via the vertical compression rod 11 and maintain it constant. ② Activate the horizontal push-pull rod 5 and apply a shear force at a rate of 0.1 mm / min for 60 minutes. If this is a cyclic shear test, set the leftward rotation to 10 degrees for 5 minutes and the rightward rotation to 10 degrees for 5 minutes, repeating this process six times. If this is a creep test, set the time according to the experimental design requirements. ③ The data acquisition system records stress, displacement, temperature and humidity data in real time, generating a coupled temperature and humidity-stress-strain curve.

[0100] Step 5: Test result analysis: ① Output shear stress-displacement curve, shear stress-displacement curve and creep rate, such as Figure 23 and Figure 24② Calculate the cohesion (c) and friction angle (φ) at the interface between geosynthetics and soil.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] Different from the second embodiment, the functional mode switching component of this embodiment includes a pulling mechanical test module, such as Figure 20 As shown, the pullout mechanics test module includes a pullout box and a geosynthetic fixture 20. The pullout box is placed on the test box track 7 via a railcar, and the vertical compression rod 11 applies normal stress to the specimen. The geosynthetic fixture 20 is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod 5, and the horizontal push-pull rod 5 and the geosynthetic fixture 20 apply tensile stress to the specimen. The process of conducting a sand 17-geogrid pullout test using this embodiment is as follows.

[0103] Step 1: Test mode switching: ① Disassemble the shear creep mechanics test module and remove the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block 19. ② Fix the pull box to the pressure plate of the test box track 7 with bolts.

[0104] Step 2: Sample Loading and Fixing: ① Load the calcareous sand sample layer by layer into the draw box, compacting each layer to the specified density. ② Secure one end of the geosynthetic (e.g., geogrid) to the horizontal push-pull rod 5 using the geosynthetic fixture 20, while the other end is restricted by a stop block.

[0105] Step 3: Dynamic Control of Temperature and Humidity: ① Set the ambient temperature and humidity chamber 12 to high temperature and high humidity mode (temperature 60°C, humidity 80% RH) via the temperature and humidity control panel 14. ② Allow the sample to solidify for 2 hours under the set environment to ensure consistent temperature and humidity inside and outside.

[0106] Step 4: Pull-out Loading and Data Recording: ① Apply a normal stress of 50 kPa via vertical compression rod 11. ② Pull the specimen at a rate of 0.1 mm / min using horizontal push-pull rod 5 until failure. ③ A displacement sensor records the pull-out displacement in real time, while a temperature and humidity sensor 25 simultaneously monitors environmental parameters, as shown in Table 1.

[0107] Step 5: Data processing: ① Generate displacement-shear stress curve, such as Figures 25 to 30 As shown in the figure, the correlation between interfacial bond strength and temperature and humidity is analyzed. ② The maximum pull-out force and corresponding displacement values ​​are derived to evaluate the durability of geosynthetics in high humidity environments.

[0108] Table 1 Sand 17-geogrid pull-out test data

[0109]

[0110]

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] Example 4

[0114] Different from Example 3, the functional mode switching component of this embodiment includes a tensile puncture mechanical testing module, such as Figure 21 As shown, the tensile puncture test module includes a fixture 18 and a conical puncture head 21. The geosynthetic fixture 20 is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod 5, and the conical puncture head 21 is connected to one end of the vertical pressure rod 11. The process of conducting a geomembrane puncture test using this embodiment is as follows.

[0115] Step 1: Test device switching: ① Disassemble the pull box and use a pin to install the conical piercing head 21 to the bottom of the vertical pressure rod 11. ② Fix the geosynthetics horizontally on the test box track 7 using the clamp 18.

[0116] Step 2: Extreme low temperature environment simulation: ① Set the ambient temperature and humidity chamber 12 to low temperature mode (-30°C, humidity 10% RH). ② Pre-cool the sample in the low temperature environment for 1 hour to ensure stable material properties.

[0117] Step 3: Puncture Loading and Monitoring: ① The vertical pressure rod 11 is loaded downward at a rate of 2 mm / min until the conical puncture head 21 penetrates the material. ② The vertical pressure sensor records the peak puncture force, and the displacement sensor simultaneously records the penetration depth.

[0118] Step 4: Result Verification: ① Compare the changes in puncture strength under different temperature and humidity conditions to analyze the impact of low temperature on the material's puncture resistance. ② Generate a puncture force-displacement curve to provide a basis for engineering material selection.

[0119] Example 5

[0120] Different from Example 4, the functional mode switching component of this embodiment includes a single particle crushing mechanical testing module, such as Figure 22 As shown, the single-particle crushing test module includes a lower shear box 16 and a vertical pressure plate. The lower shear box 16 is placed on the test box track 7 via a railcar, with a test pad placed between the lower shear box 16 and the specimen. The vertical pressure plate is connected to one end of a vertical pressure rod 11. The process for conducting a single-particle crushing test on coral sand using this embodiment is as follows.

[0121] Step 1: Test assembly adjustment: ① Remove the conical puncture head 21 and use pins to install the vertical pressure plate to the vertical pressure rod 11. ② Place a test block on the lower shear box 16 to fix the single particle specimen.

[0122] Step 2: Sample pretreatment: ① Select a single coral sand particle, clean it, and then dry it (80°C) to remove surface dust. ② Place the particle in an ambient temperature and humidity chamber 12, set the temperature to 40°C and the humidity to 5% RH, and preheat for 1 hour.

[0123] Step 3: Crushing Loading and Data Collection: ① Apply load at a rate of 0.5 mm / min to the vertical compression rod 11 until the particles break. ② Record the peak load and crushing morphology to analyze the effects of temperature and humidity on the compressive strength of the particles.

[0124] Step 4: Statistical analysis: ① Statistical analysis of the distribution of particle crushing strength under different temperature and humidity conditions. ② Generate a crushing strength-survival probability curve, such as Figure 31 As shown, the reliability of the granular material is evaluated.

[0125] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical properties testing system, characterized in that: It includes a rack and an integrated environmental temperature control box, a loading component, a function mode switching component and a data acquisition component installed on the rack; A fixture track (6) and a test box track (7) are provided inside the integrated environmental temperature control box, and the functional mode switching component and the sample made of geotechnical materials are located inside the integrated environmental temperature control box; The loading assembly includes a horizontal force loading mechanism and a vertical force loading mechanism, wherein the horizontal force loading mechanism is installed on one side of the integrated environmental temperature control box, and the vertical force loading mechanism is installed on the side of the integrated environmental temperature control box away from the ground; the horizontal push-pull rod (5) of the horizontal force loading mechanism and the vertical pressure rod (11) of the vertical force loading mechanism are perpendicular to each other; the horizontal push-pull rod (5) is close to the clamp rail (6); The functional mode switching assembly includes a shear creep mechanics test module, a pull-out mechanics test module, a tensile puncture mechanics test module, and a single particle crushing mechanics test module, all of which are provided with the same adapter; the adapter is connected to a horizontal push-pull rod (5) or a vertical pressure rod (11); The data acquisition component is connected to the integrated environmental temperature control box and the loading component.

2. A temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shear creep mechanics testing module comprises an upper shear box (15), a lower shear box (16), a clamp (18) and a horizontal push-pull rod adapter block (19); The upper surface of the lower shear box (16) is provided with sand (17) or a clamp (18); The horizontal push-pull rod adapter block (19) is placed on the fixture track (6), the lower shear box (16) is connected to the horizontal push-pull rod (5) through the horizontal push-pull rod adapter block (19), and the lower shear box (16) is placed on the test box track (7) through a rail car.

3. The temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull-out mechanics test module comprises a pull-out box and a geosynthetics fixture (20); the pull-out box is placed on a test box track (7) via a rail car, and the vertical pressure rod (11) applies normal stress to the sample; the geosynthetics fixture (20) is connected to a horizontal push-pull rod (5), and the horizontal push-pull rod (5) and the geosynthetics fixture (20) apply tensile stress to the sample.

4. The temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensile puncture mechanical testing module comprises a fixture (18) and a conical puncture head (21); the geosynthetics fixture (20) is connected to a horizontal push-pull rod (5), and the conical puncture head (21) is connected to one end of a vertical pressure rod (11).

5. The temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single particle crushing mechanics test module comprises a lower shear box (16) and a vertical pressure plate; the lower shear box (16) is placed on a test box track (7) via a rail car, and a test pad is placed between the lower shear box (16) and the specimen; the vertical pressure plate is connected to one end of a vertical pressure rod (11).

6. The temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated environmental temperature control box is provided with a fixed rod adjustment hand wheel (8) and a horizontal fixed rod (9); There are two clamp rails (6) and two test box rails (7), and the extension direction is parallel to the loading direction of the horizontal force loading mechanism. The two clamp rails (6) are symmetrically installed, and the two test box rails (7) are symmetrically installed. The distance between the two clamp rails (6) is smaller than the distance between the two test box rails (7). A stop block (26) is provided between the two clamp rails (6) and the two test box rails (7). The horizontal fixed rod (9) is parallel to the horizontal push-pull rod (5), one end of which passes through the interior of the integrated environmental temperature control box, and the other end of which is connected to the fixed rod adjustment hand wheel (8).

7. The temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated environmental temperature control box includes an environmental temperature and humidity box (12) and a heating and cooling unit, a humidifier (23), a dehumidifier and a fan (24) installed on one side of the environmental temperature and humidity box (12); A temperature and humidity sensor (25) is installed on the inner side wall of the environmental temperature and humidity box (12), and a temperature and humidity adjustment panel (14) is installed on the outer side wall; and a temperature and humidity sensor (25) is installed on the surface of the sample.

8. The temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The integrated environmental temperature control box further comprises a circulating air duct and a condensed water collection box. The circulating air duct is arranged on a side of the integrated environmental temperature control box away from the ground, and the condensed water collection box is connected to a humidifier (23).

9. The temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal force loading mechanism further comprises a horizontal loading mechanism housing, a horizontal threaded column (1), a servo motor (2), a power switch (3) and a horizontal sensor (4); One end of the horizontal threaded column (1) passes through the housing of the horizontal loading mechanism and is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (2); the servo motor (2) is installed in the housing of the horizontal loading mechanism, the power switch (3) is installed on the surface of the horizontal loading housing and is connected to the servo motor (2), one end of the horizontal push-pull rod (5) is connected to the horizontal threaded column (1), and the other end passes through one side of the integrated environmental temperature control box, and the horizontal sensor (4) is installed on the horizontal push-pull rod (5) and is connected to the data acquisition component.

10. The temperature and humidity controllable multifunctional geotechnical material mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical force loading mechanism further comprises a hydraulic servo module and a vertical sensor (13); one end of the vertical pressure rod (11) is connected to the hydraulic servo module, and the other end is transmitted to one side of the integrated environmental temperature control box; the vertical sensor (13) is installed on the vertical pressure rod (11) and connected to the data acquisition component.

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