Evaluation method of vine characters of pueraria germplasm

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for evaluating vine traits of a pueraria germplasm. The method comprises the following steps: S1, taking a pueraria variety to be evaluated as a test germplasm; s2, the test germplasm selected in the step S1 is subjected to continuous experimental investigation for more than two years in more than two different places; s3, investigating stem morphological character indexes; and S4, performing comprehensive evaluation on each pueraria variety according to the stem morphological character index data acquired in the step S3. According to the method, the problem that a special germplasm evaluation method for the kudzu is lacked at present is solved, the characters of various kudzu varieties can be comparable, high-yield and high-quality kudzu germplasm resources can be effectively screened out, and development and utilization of the high-quality kudzu germplasm resources are accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of kudzu vine breeding and cultivation, and in particular to a method for evaluating vine traits of kudzu germplasm. Background Art

[0002] Pueraria montana var. lobata, also known as kudzu vine, wild kudzu, wild mountain kudzu, mountain kudzu vine, and kudzu root, is a vine in the Leguminosae family. It is distributed throughout most of China, except Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Tibet. It grows at altitudes between 300 and 1500 meters, often in patches, in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, and Taiwan. Pueraria is a perennial herbaceous vine of the genus Pueraria in the Leguminosae family and is a common perennial vine in my country. According to the Flora of China (1995), there are eight species and two varieties native to China.

[0003] The stems and bark of kudzu are highly fibrous, suitable for weaving ropes, textiles, and papermaking. The use of kudzu fiber in textiles made a significant contribution to ancient Chinese civilization. The "Wu Yue Chunqiu" records that kudzu cloth is "as soft as silk and light as a feather," demonstrating its status as a high-quality fabric in ancient times.

[0004] Kudzu fiber is the only lustrous plant fiber. Untwisted kudzu fiber boasts a luster comparable to mulberry silk. As a natural textile material, it is widely favored for its environmentally friendly, green, healthy, renewable, and biocompatible qualities. Extracted from kudzu vines, the fibers are long, creamy white, and have a luster comparable to silk. They are strong, stiff, abrasion-resistant, stain-resistant, and breathable. Single fibers range in length from 0.95 cm to 4.20 cm and width from 0.01 cm to 0.02 cm. Kudzu is a high-quality bast fiber, primarily used in ancient China for weaving coarse cloth and straw sandals. Kudzu is now widely used as a raw material for carpets, where its color and quality surpass those of silk carpets. Kudzu has greater economic and application value, making it suitable for export. In recent years, environmentally friendly clothing has become a hot topic, along with the concept of sustainable fashion. Consumers are increasingly aware of the importance of environmental protection and are actively purchasing more eco-friendly clothing.

[0005] In the wild, kudzu is found only in dense forests deep in the mountains and on the shady sides of forests, near streams and on moist ground. Because kudzu vines twist and turn in their natural environment, they are difficult to collect and have low yields. Currently, most cultivated kudzu varieties are specifically for the root type, with fewer kudzu vine varieties, which no longer meet the growing market demand for kudzu vines. Therefore, a method for evaluating the vine traits of kudzu germplasm is urgently needed to screen high-quality kudzu vine germplasm, promote its development, and meet social needs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for evaluating vine traits of Pueraria lobata germplasm.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for evaluating vine traits of kudzu germplasm comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. The kudzu vine varieties to be evaluated are used as test germplasm;

[0010] S2. Conducting experimental investigations on the test germplasm selected in step S1 at two or more different experimental locations for more than two consecutive years;

[0011] S3, investigate the stem morphological traits;

[0012] The stem morphological indicators include vine length, kudzu vine weight, kudzu head weight, number of stem nodes, fresh leaf yield, stem diameter and node length; wherein:

[0013] Vine length: During the kudzu vine harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the distance from the base of the kudzu vine plant to the top of the leaf tip was measured with a ruler to obtain the kudzu vine length;

[0014] Kudzu vine weight: During the kudzu vine harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot and the fresh weight of the whole vine was measured;

[0015] Pueraria head weight: During the kudzu vine harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the fresh weight of the kudzu heads at the base of the kudzu vine plants was measured;

[0016] Number of stem nodes: During the kudzu harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot and the number of stem nodes of the kudzu plants was measured;

[0017] Fresh leaf yield: During the kudzu harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the weight of fresh leaves at the top of the kudzu plants was measured;

[0018] Stem diameter: During the kudzu harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the base, middle, and top stem diameters of the kudzu plants were measured.

[0019] Node length: During the kudzu harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the internode lengths at the stem base, middle stem, and upper stem of the kudzu plants were measured.

[0020] S4, based on the stem morphological trait index data collected in step S3, a comprehensive evaluation is performed on each kudzu variety, and the calculation is performed as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Where, X ij ^ represents the comprehensive membership function value of the stem morphological trait index j of kudzu variety i in a certain experimental location in a certain year, X jmax and X jmin represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the data obtained from the investigation of stem morphological trait index j of all kudzu varieties at the experimental site in that year; the average value of all the data obtained from the investigation of stem shape trait index j of kudzu variety i at the experimental site in that year is taken as X ij ;

[0023] Then, the average value of the comprehensive membership function values ​​of kudzu variety i on each stem shape trait index is calculated as the comprehensive evaluation value of kudzu variety i in the experimental site in that year;

[0024] Finally, the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of each kudzu variety were ranked, and all kudzu varieties were comprehensively evaluated based on the ranking results.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S2, the test germplasms were arranged in random blocks, and each germplasm was replicated at least three times in each experimental location. 50 plants were planted in each plot, with one plant in each row and a row-plant spacing of 1.20 m × 0.50 m.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention solves the current problem of lack of a variety evaluation method dedicated to kudzu vine, and the use of the present invention can make the traits of various kudzu vine varieties comparable, effectively screen out high-yield and high-quality kudzu vine germplasm resources, and accelerate the development and utilization of high-quality kudzu vine germplasm resources. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that this embodiment is based on the technical solution and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating vine traits of kudzu germplasm, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1. The kudzu vine varieties to be evaluated are used as test germplasm.

[0031] S2. Conduct an experimental investigation of the test germplasms selected in step S1 at two or more different experimental sites for at least two consecutive years. The test germplasms are arranged in random blocks, with each germplasm replicated three times at each experimental site. Each plot is planted with 50 plants (one plant per row), with a row-plant spacing of 1.20 m × 0.50 m.

[0032] S3, investigate the stem morphological traits;

[0033] The stem morphological indicators include vine length, kudzu vine weight, kudzu head weight, number of stem nodes, fresh leaf yield, stem diameter (base, middle, upper part) and node length (stem base, stem middle, stem upper part); wherein:

[0034] Vine length: During the kudzu vine harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the distance from the base of the kudzu vine plant to the top of the leaf tip was measured with a ruler to obtain the kudzu vine length.

[0035] Kudzu vine weight: During the kudzu vine harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot and the fresh weight of the whole vine was measured.

[0036] Pueraria head weight: During the kudzu vine harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the fresh weight of the kudzu head at the base of the kudzu vine plants (5.00 cm above the ground) was measured.

[0037] Number of stem nodes: During the kudzu harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot and the number of stem nodes of the kudzu plants was measured.

[0038] Fresh leaf yield: During the kudzu vine harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the weight of fresh leaves at the top of the kudzu vine plants was measured.

[0039] Stem diameter: During the kudzu harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot. The stem diameters at the base (10.00 cm from the base), the middle (150.00 cm from the base), and the top (200.00 cm from the base) of the kudzu plants were measured using a vernier caliper.

[0040] Node length: During the kudzu harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the internode lengths at the base, middle, and upper parts of the stems of the kudzu plants were measured.

[0041] S4. Based on the stem morphological index data collected in step S3, a comprehensive evaluation is performed on each kudzu variety. Specifically, the comprehensive evaluation is performed using the method of finding the membership function in fuzzy mathematics. The calculation is performed as follows:

[0042]

[0043] Where, X ij ^ represents the comprehensive membership function value of the stem morphological trait index j of kudzu variety i in a certain experimental location in a certain year, X jmax and X jminThey represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of stem morphological trait index j for all kudzu varieties in the experimental site in that year.

[0044] In this embodiment, three replicates were set for each test germplasm in one experimental site. When investigating the stem morphological trait index, 15 representative kudzu plants were selected from each plot. Therefore, each kudzu variety i had 45 data points for the stem shape trait index j. The average value of the 45 data points obtained from the investigation of the stem shape trait index j for the kudzu variety i was taken as X. ij .

[0045] Then, the average value of the comprehensive membership function values ​​of kudzu variety i on each stem shape trait index is calculated as the comprehensive evaluation value of kudzu variety i in the experimental site in that year;

[0046] Finally, the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of each kudzu variety were ranked, and all kudzu varieties were comprehensively evaluated based on the ranking results.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] This embodiment provides an application example of the method described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0049] S1. Select 14 kudzu varieties from three categories (Powdered kudzu, Selected kudzu, and Wild kudzu) as test germplasms. The 14 test germplasms are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1 Test germplasm

[0051]

[0052] Experimental location:

[0053] 1. The experimental base is located in Yanxi Town, Liuyang City, Changsha, Hunan Province; Latitude: 113°42′46 ″ E, 28°16′55″N, subtropical monsoon climate. The average annual temperature in 2023 was 19.0°C, with a rainfall of 1311.90 mm; the average annual temperature in 2024 was 19.1°C, with a rainfall of 1917.9 mm. The soil pH was 6.33, with an organic matter content of 12.98 g / kg, a total nitrogen content of 1.12 g / kg, a total phosphorus content of 0.71 g / kg, and a total potassium content of 13.75 g / kg.

[0054] 2. The experimental base is located in Hecheng District, Huaihua City, Hunan Province; latitude: 109°53′10″E, 27°30′42″N, in the mid-subtropical humid monsoon zone. The average annual temperature in 2023 was 16.4°C, and the rainfall was 1415.2 mm; the average annual temperature in 2024 was 17.0°C, and the rainfall was 1508.5 mm. The soil pH was 6.54, the organic matter content was 37.3 g / kg, the total nitrogen content was 2.02 g / kg, the total phosphorus content was 1.26 g / kg, and the total potassium content was 17.01 g / kg.

[0055] S2. 14 test accessions were arranged in random blocks. In the two experimental bases, each test accession was replicated three times. Therefore, each experimental base had 42 plots, each with 50 plants (1 plant per row) and a row-plant spacing of 1.20 m × 0.50 m.

[0056] Planting will begin on May 10, 2023, and two years of evaluation will be conducted. Key testing tools: ruler, tape measure, 5110-200 vernier caliper (SHSIWI).

[0057] S3, investigate the stem morphological traits;

[0058] The stem morphology indicators include vine length, kudzu vine weight, kudzu head weight, number of stem nodes, fresh leaf yield, stem thickness (base, middle, upper part), and node length (stem base, stem middle, stem upper part).

[0059] in:

[0060] Vine length: During the kudzu vine harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the distance from the base of the kudzu vine plant to the top of the leaf tip was measured with a ruler to obtain the kudzu vine length.

[0061] Kudzu vine weight: During the kudzu vine harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot and the fresh weight of the whole vine was measured.

[0062] Pueraria head weight: During the kudzu vine harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the fresh weight of the kudzu head at the base of the kudzu vine plants (5.00 cm above the ground) was measured.

[0063] Number of stem nodes: During the kudzu harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot and the number of stem nodes of the kudzu plants was measured.

[0064] Fresh leaf yield: During the kudzu vine harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the weight of fresh leaves at the top of the kudzu vine plants was measured.

[0065] Stem diameter: During the kudzu harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot. The stem diameters at the base (10.00 cm from the base), the middle (150.00 cm from the base), and the top (200.00 cm from the base) of the kudzu plants were measured using a vernier caliper.

[0066] Node length: During the kudzu harvest period (around December 25), 15 representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the internode lengths at the base, middle, and upper parts of the stems of the kudzu plants were measured.

[0067] S4. Based on the stem morphological trait index data collected in step S3, a comprehensive evaluation is performed on each kudzu variety. This embodiment specifically utilizes the method of finding membership functions in fuzzy mathematics to perform the comprehensive evaluation. This embodiment uses Excel 2010 and DPS 9.01 software to perform data analysis and calculations.

[0068] Calculate as follows:

[0069]

[0070] Where, X ij ^ represents the comprehensive membership function value of the stem morphological trait index j of kudzu variety i in a certain experimental location in a certain year, X jmax and X jmin They represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of stem morphological trait index j for all kudzu varieties in the experimental site in that year.

[0071] In this embodiment, three replicates were set for each test germplasm in one experimental site. When investigating the stem morphological trait index, 15 representative kudzu plants were selected from each plot. Therefore, each kudzu variety i had 45 data points for the stem shape trait index j. The average value of the 45 data points obtained from the investigation of the stem shape trait index j for the kudzu variety i was taken as X. ij .

[0072] Then, the average value of the comprehensive membership function values ​​of kudzu variety i on each stem shape trait index is calculated as the comprehensive evaluation value of kudzu variety i in the experimental site in that year;

[0073] Finally, the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of each kudzu variety were ranked, and all kudzu varieties were comprehensively evaluated based on the ranking results.

[0074] The relevant stem morphological traits and their measurement units are shown in Table 2.

[0075] Table 2

[0076]

[0077] The comprehensive membership function values, average values, and ranking results of each kudzu cultivar for each stem morphological trait index in the 2023 experiments of 14 test accessions in Liuyang and Huaihua are shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively. The comprehensive membership function values, average values, and ranking results of each kudzu cultivar for each stem morphological trait index in the 2024 experiments of 14 test accessions in Liuyang and Huaihua are shown in Tables 5 and 6, respectively.

[0078] Table 3

[0079]

[0080] Table 4

[0081]

[0082] Table 5

[0083]

[0084] Table 6

[0085]

[0086] According to Table 3-6, the comprehensive evaluation results of 14 kudzu varieties can be obtained:

[0087] Gan Ge No. 2: In 2023, Liuyang was 0.67 (ranked 1), in 2023, Huaihua was 0.68 (ranked 1), in 2024, Liuyang was 0.55 (ranked 2), and in 2024, Huaihua was 0.65 (ranked 2). The average comprehensive index of the two places in two years was 0.64. It has strong stability, excellent phenotypic traits such as KVGL (vine length) and GC (kudzu vine weight), and wide adaptability.

[0088] Pueraria lobata in Zhejiang: 0.49 in Liuyang in 2023 (ranked 3rd), 0.60 in Huaihua in 2023 (ranked 2nd), 0.63 in Liuyang in 2024 (ranked 1st), and 0.74 in Huaihua in 2024 (ranked 1st). The combined average for the two years was 0.62. Pueraria lobata has outstanding traits, with high scores in phenotypic traits such as BSD (base stem diameter), MSD (middle stem diameter), USD (upper stem diameter), BSL (base node length), MSL (middle node length), and USL (upper node length), demonstrating excellent overall performance.

[0089] Guangxi Heping Pueraria: Liuyang 0.53 (ranked 2nd) in 2023, Huaihua 0.47 (ranked 3rd) in 2023, Liuyang 0.50 (ranked 4th) in 2024, Huaihua 0.65 (ranked 2nd) in 2024. The average combined performance of the two places in the past two years is 0.53. It is more prominent in phenotypic traits such as GZ, and its overall performance is stable.

[0090] Pueraria lobata: In 2023, the ROC index in Liuyang was 0.49 (ranked 3rd), in 2023, it was 0.45 (ranked 4th) in Huaihua, in 2024, it was 0.55 (ranked 2nd) in Liuyang, and in 2024, it was 0.45 (ranked 5th) in Huaihua. The combined average of the two locations for the two years was 0.49. It excels in phenotypic traits such as BSD (base stem diameter) and MSD (middle stem diameter), making it suitable for high-yield needs.

[0091] Chai Ge: In 2023, Liuyang was 0.44 (ranked 5), in 2023, Huaihua was 0.38 (ranked 6), in 2024, Liuyang was 0.42 (ranked 5), and in 2024, Huaihua was 0.59 (ranked 4). The average comprehensive value of the two places in the two years was 0.46. It is relatively excellent in phenotypic traits such as KVGL (vine length) and GC (kudzu vine weight), and is suitable for high-yield needs.

[0092] Combining the values ​​of the two years, the comprehensive evaluation results are ranked as follows: Gan Ge No. 2 (0.634) > Zhejiang Wild Pueraria (0.615) > Guangxi Heping Powder Pueraria (0.538) > Vegetable Pueraria (0.485) > Chai Pueraria (0.458) > Guangxi Powder Pueraria (0.375) > Golden Pueraria (0.345) > Residue-free Pueraria (0.338) > Purple Pueraria (0.320) > Small-leaf Pueraria (0.305) > Xiang Ge No. 2 (0.298) > Gui Ge No. 5 (0.295) > Sichuan Powder Pueraria (0.290) > Large-leaf Pueraria (0.268).

[0093] Through the evaluation of the above-mentioned kudzu varieties, we can know that Zhejiang Wild Kudzu and Gan Ge No. 2 performed stably and ranked high in the trials for two consecutive years, thus selecting the two as kudzu varieties with excellent traits.

[0094] Those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the above technical solutions and concepts, and all of these changes and modifications should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating vine traits of kudzu germplasm, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The kudzu vine varieties to be evaluated are used as test germplasm; S2. Conducting experimental investigations on the test germplasm selected in step S1 at two or more different experimental locations for more than two consecutive years; S3, investigate the stem morphological traits; The stem morphological indicators include vine length, kudzu vine weight, kudzu head weight, number of stem nodes, fresh leaf yield, stem diameter and node length; wherein: Vine length: During the kudzu vine harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the distance from the base of the kudzu vine plant to the top of the leaf tip was measured with a ruler to obtain the kudzu vine length; Kudzu vine weight: During the kudzu vine harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot and the fresh weight of the whole vine was measured; Pueraria head weight: During the kudzu vine harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu vine plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the fresh weight of the kudzu heads at the base of the kudzu vine plants was measured; Number of stem nodes: During the kudzu harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot and the number of stem nodes of the kudzu plants was measured; Fresh leaf yield: During the kudzu harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the weight of fresh leaves at the top of the kudzu plants was measured; Stem diameter: During the kudzu harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the base, middle, and top stem diameters of the kudzu plants were measured. Node length: During the kudzu harvest period, a set number of representative kudzu plants were randomly selected from each plot, and the internode lengths at the stem base, middle stem, and upper stem of the kudzu plants were measured. S4, based on the stem morphological trait index data collected in step S3, a comprehensive evaluation is performed on each kudzu variety, and the calculation is performed as follows: Where, X ij ^ represents the comprehensive membership function value of the stem morphological trait index j of kudzu variety i in a certain experimental location in a certain year, X jmax and X jmin represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the data obtained from the investigation of stem morphological trait index j of all kudzu varieties at the experimental site in that year; the average value of all the data obtained from the investigation of stem shape trait index j of kudzu variety i at the experimental site in that year is taken as X ij ; Then, the average value of the comprehensive membership function values ​​of kudzu variety i on each stem shape trait index is calculated as the comprehensive evaluation value of kudzu variety i in the experimental site in that year; Finally, the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of each kudzu variety were ranked, and all kudzu varieties were comprehensively evaluated based on the ranking results.

2. The evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, the test germplasms were randomly arranged in blocks, and each germplasm was replicated at least three times in each experimental location. Fifty plants were planted in each plot, with one plant per row and a row-plant spacing of 1.20 m × 0.50 m.

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