Maxillary sinus membrane nail gun and maxillary sinus membrane repairing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a maxillary sinus membrane nailing gun and a maxillary sinus membrane repairing method.The maxillary sinus membrane nailing gun comprises a holding rod, the holding rod is connected with a nail grabbing mechanism and a percussion mechanism, the percussion mechanism comprises a sliding rod arranged in the nail grabbing mechanism, and the sliding rod is connected with a first spring; the first spring is connected with an ejector pin for percussion of the membrane nail; a pull rod is installed in the holding rod in a sliding mode and connected with the sliding rod, and the pull rod is sleeved with a second spring. A control assembly is mounted on the holding rod and comprises a snap fastener, a pull rod penetrates through the snap fastener and is slidably connected with the snap fastener, a mounting plate is mounted on the pull rod, a positioning plate is mounted on the mounting plate, a movable rod is slidably mounted on the holding rod, a stop block is mounted on the movable rod, a fifth spring is connected to the movable rod, and the end, away from the movable rod, of the fifth spring is connected with the holding rod. The movable rod is provided with a jacking column, and the snap fastener is provided with a pressing rod for pushing the jacking column to move. The maxillary sinus membrane nail gun has the effect of improving the flexibility of the maxillary sinus membrane nail gun in the using process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a maxillary sinus membrane nail gun and a maxillary sinus membrane repair method. Background Art

[0002] When the maxillary posterior teeth are lost, the bottom wall of the maxillary sinus will drop to the position of the original root of the missing tooth. At this time, once an implant is placed, it is possible to penetrate the maxillary sinus wall. In order to implant the implant, it is often necessary to transplant some synthetic bone substitutes to lift it to its original position. This can ensure that the implant is in the maxillary bone. This surgical process is called maxillary sinus lift.

[0003] In maxillary sinus lifts and other related surgeries, sinus membrane repair is often necessary, and membrane nail guns are important tools for fixing materials such as collagen membranes. Utility model patent publication number CN218186980U discloses a novel membrane nail gun comprising a handle, the head of which is detachably connected to one end of a front rod, a tail pull handle at the tail end of the handle, a nail grabber mouth connected to the other end of the front rod, and a nail grabber mouth with a nail grabber groove defined at the end of the mouth away from the front rod. A firing mechanism is disposed within the interior of the handle, front rod, and nail grabber mouth, connected to the tail pull handle, a compression spring disposed between the firing mechanism and the inner wall of the handle, and a firing safety mechanism provided on the handle. Its working principle is to directly lock the pressure rod of the firing mechanism with the excitation handle, and rotate the excitation safety block to lock the excitation handle. When in use, it is necessary to rotate the excitation safety block to unlock and lock the excitation handle. This operation mode cannot be completed by a single excitation handle to achieve both locking of the pressure rod and prevention of accidental firing. The convenience of operation needs to be improved. When the excitation handle is used directly to clamp the pressure rod, when the excitation handle is pressed to separate the pressure rod from the excitation handle, the pressure rod is prone to wear against the excitation handle, and it is easy to get stuck when the pressure rod falls into the excitation handle, which makes the pressure rod insufficient in maneuverability and flexibility, affecting the surgical effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the flexibility of the maxillary sinus membrane nail gun during use, the present application provides a maxillary sinus membrane nail gun.

[0005] The present application provides a maxillary sinus membrane nail gun, which adopts the following technical solution: A maxillary sinus membrane nail gun, comprising a grip rod, the grip rod being connected to a nail grasping mechanism and a firing mechanism for controlling the firing of the membrane nail, the firing mechanism comprising a sliding rod arranged in the nail grasping mechanism, the sliding rod being connected to a first spring, the first spring being connected to a thimble for firing the membrane nail; a pull rod being slidably installed in the grip rod, the pull rod being connected to the sliding rod, the diameter of the sliding rod being smaller than the diameter of the pull rod, and a second spring being sleeved on the pull rod; a control component for controlling the movement of the pull rod being installed on the grip rod, the control component comprising a snap button, the snap button being slidably installed in the grip rod On the grip rod, the pull rod passes through the snap button and is slidably connected to the snap button, a third spring is installed on the grip rod, and the end of the third spring close to the snap button is connected to the snap button, a mounting plate is installed on the pull rod, and a positioning plate is installed on the mounting plate, a movable rod is slidably installed on the grip rod, a block that blocks the positioning plate is installed on the movable rod, a fifth spring is connected to the movable rod, and the end of the fifth spring away from the movable rod is connected to the grip rod, a top column is installed on the movable rod, and a pressure rod for pushing the top column to move is installed on the snap button.

[0006] By adopting this technical solution and leveraging the snap, pull rod, spring, and ejector components, the film staple gun's firing process is controllable. When the snap is pressed, the pressure rod pushes the ejector post, which in turn moves the movable rod, releasing the block from blocking the positioning plate. The second spring then resets, driving the pull rod and slide rod, and the ejector, under the action of the first spring, fires the film staple. This design allows the operator to precisely control the firing timing using the snap, improving both ease and accuracy.

[0007] The movable rod and the block are used to control the stay of the pull rod, and the snap button blocks the front of the pull rod to form a double lock for the pull rod to prevent the pull rod from moving due to external force and prevent accidental firing. In the firing preparation stage, the baffle is used to separately fix the pull rod and separate the pull rod from the control of the snap button, separating the movement of the pull rod and the snap button, so that in the preparation stage, the snap button cannot trigger the firing action of the pull rod alone, thereby enhancing the protection mechanism of the membrane nail gun and helping to enhance the safety and flexibility of the membrane nail gun during use.

[0008] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, a mounting groove is provided on the mounting plate, a guide rod is installed on the mounting plate, the guide rod is arranged in the mounting groove, a movable plate is slidably installed on the guide rod, a fourth spring is sleeved on the guide rod, one end of the fourth spring is connected to the movable plate, and the other end is connected to the mounting plate, a push rod is hinged on the movable plate, the positioning plate is hinged on the mounting plate, the end of the positioning plate away from the mounting plate is hinged to the push rod, and a push buckle for pushing the movable plate to move is installed on the grip rod.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the movable rod drives the block to leave the positioning plate, and the pull rod moves to drive the positioning plate to leave the block, the fourth spring will push the movable plate to move, and the movable plate pulls the push rod to move to control the rotation of the positioning plate, so that the positioning plate moves to the side close to the mounting plate, avoiding movement jams caused by the positioning plate being blocked, thereby improving the flexibility of the instrument operation, optimizing the flexibility of the pull rod movement, ensuring the timely firing process and firing force of the pull rod, and at the same time reducing the wear between the positioning plate and the block when the positioning plate leaves the block, which is beneficial to enhancing the performance of the membrane nail gun.

[0010] In a specific possible implementation scheme, a movable buckle is slidably installed on the snap button, the pressure rod is slidably installed on the movable buckle, a sixth spring is sleeved on the pressure rod, one end of the sixth spring is connected to the pressure rod, and the other end is connected to the movable buckle.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable buckle must be pushed first to align the pressure rod with the top column and then press the pressure rod to release the lock of the block, avoiding firing under non-preset operating procedures and ensuring the safe use of instruments during surgery.

[0012] In a specific possible implementation scheme, a positioning step is provided on the snap button, and a step surface that abuts against the positioning step is provided on the handle.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning step on the snap button will rest against the grip, quickly positioning the snap button and ensuring that the snap button stays in the designated position. This ensures that when the pull rod is fired, the pull rod can be smoothly inserted into the snap button, avoiding friction and collision between the snap button and the pull rod, which affects the firing force of the pull rod.

[0014] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the nail grabbing mechanism includes a connecting rod, which is installed on the gripping rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the gripping rod is connected to the nail grabbing rod, and the nail grabbing rod is provided with a nail grabbing groove. The sliding rod is slidably installed in the connecting rod, and the end of the sliding rod away from the gripping rod extends into the nail grabbing rod. The end of the sliding rod extending into the nail grabbing rod is connected to the first spring, and the first spring is arranged in the nail grabbing rod, and the end of the first spring away from the sliding rod is connected to the ejector pin.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding fit of the slide rod in the connecting rod, combined with the arrangement of the first spring and the ejector pin, ensures the stability of firing after grabbing the membrane nail.

[0016] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the nail grabbing rod has an outer shape of an arc rod, and the first spring can change shape along with the arc shape of the nail grabbing rod.

[0017] By adopting this technical solution, the arc-shaped gripping rod facilitates vertical grasping of the membrane stapler. This arc shape allows for better conformity to the outer wall of the maxillary sinus, particularly within the complex anatomy of the oral cavity, enhancing both accuracy and convenience in grasping the stapler. The first spring's ability to deform with the gripping rod's arc ensures uniform force when firing the stapler at varying angles.

[0018] In a specific possible implementation scheme, a threaded hole is provided on the gripping rod, an external thread is provided at one end of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is detachably mounted on the gripping rod through the threaded hole. An internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the connecting rod away from the gripping rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the gripping rod is detachably connected to the nail grabbing rod through a thread.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the threaded connection between the connecting rod and the nail grabbing rod makes the nail grabbing mechanism detachable and replaceable. When it is necessary to launch membrane nails of different shapes and sizes, the nail grabbing rod can be quickly replaced to match the nail grabbing groove with the membrane nail, thereby enhancing the applicability of the membrane nail gun.

[0020] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the gripping rod is a rod body with diameters at both ends being larger than the diameter in the middle, and anti-slip ridges are integrally formed on the gripping rod.

[0021] By adopting this technical solution, the grip shape, with larger diameters at both ends and smaller diameters in the middle, is ergonomically designed, providing a comfortable grip for the operator. The anti-slip ridges increase friction between the grip and the palm, preventing slippage caused by hand sweating during surgery. This improves operational stability and safety, which is particularly crucial in delicate maxillary sinus repair surgeries.

[0022] A maxillary sinus membrane repair surgery comprises the following steps: Step 1: Windowing and perforation exposure: Open the flap to expose the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus. Use a ball drill or ultrasonic bone knife to prepare an elliptical or rectangular bone window about 15-20 mm long and 8-10 mm wide in the middle of the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus above the root apex of the maxillary first and second molars, and trim the edges of the bone window smoothly. Step 2: Pre-treatment and medial fixation of the collagen membrane: Trim the 30mm*40mm collagen membrane to the appropriate shape according to the buccal and lingual width of the maxillary sinus, and place the collagen membrane across the inner and outer sides of the fenestration. Use a membrane nail gun to grab the membrane nails and eject them through the medial wall bone surface to fix them to the paranasal bone wall. Place them in the mesial and distal parts of the sinus membrane perforation area, ensuring that the perforation area at the bottom of the sinus membrane is completely covered. At the same time, leave the maxillary sinus bottom wall area uncovered by the collagen membrane so that the bone graft material can finally contact the bottom wall. Step 3: Place the bone augmentation material into the maxillary sinus along the fenestration and compact it; Step 4: Fold and fix the collagen membrane on the outer part of the maxillary sinus. Fold the outer collagen membrane toward the edge of the fenestration to tightly wrap the bone augmentation material to form a cylindrical structure. Fix it to the outer wall of the maxillary sinus or the top of the alveolar ridge with two titanium nails. Step 5: Wound closure, irrigate the surgical area, reposition the mucoperiosteal flap, and suture with interrupted 4-0 sutures; Step 6: X-ray examination. Postoperative CBCT examination is performed to record the initial position and distribution of the maxillary sinus bone augmentation material, and regular follow-up CBCT examinations are performed to examine the condition inside the maxillary sinus.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, standardized steps from fenestration exposure to wound closure, combined with the precise fixation of the collagen membrane with a membrane stapler, ensure the standardization and operability of the surgical process. During fenestration, a bone window of specific size is prepared and the edges are trimmed to facilitate surgical field exposure and collagen membrane placement. The internal and external fixation of the collagen membrane and the uniform filling of the bone augmentation material maintain the blood supply and stability of the bone graft material. Regular postoperative CBCT examinations can monitor the position and status of the bone augmentation material in real time, ensuring the long-term reliability of the surgical results.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The combination of the snap, pull rod, spring, and ejector pin ensures controllable firing of the film staple gun. When the snap is pressed, the pressure rod pushes the ejector pin, which in turn moves the movable rod, releasing the block from blocking the positioning plate. The second spring then returns, moving the pull rod and slide rod. The ejector pin, activated by the first spring, fires the film staple. This design allows the operator to precisely control the firing timing using the snap, improving both ease and accuracy.

[0025] The movable rod and the block are used to control the stop of the pull rod, and the snap button blocks the front of the pull rod to form a double lock for the pull rod to prevent the pull rod from moving due to external force and prevent accidental firing. In the firing preparation stage, the baffle is used to separately fix the pull rod and separate the pull rod from the control of the snap button, separating the movement of the pull rod and the snap button, so that in the preparation stage, the snap button cannot trigger the firing action of the pull rod alone, thereby enhancing the protection mechanism of the membrane nail gun and helping to enhance the safety of the membrane nail gun during use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a film nail gun according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the film nail gun according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the snap button according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the movable rod of an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a movable plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a positioning plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship when the pull rod of an embodiment of the present application is located below the snap button.

[0035] Reference numerals: 1, gripping rod; 11, rib; 12, threaded hole; 13, retracting groove; 2, nail-grabbing mechanism; 21, connecting rod; 22, nail-grabbing rod; 221, nail-grabbing groove; 3, firing mechanism; 31, sliding rod; 321, first positioning post; 322, first spring; 323, ejector pin; 324, second positioning post; 331, pull rod; 332, second spring; 333, pull button; 34, control assembly; 341, snap button; 3411. Positioning step; 342. Third spring; 351. Mounting platform; 352. Mounting plate; 3521. Mounting slot; 353. Guide rod; 354. Movable plate; 355. Fourth spring; 356. Positioning plate; 357. Push rod; 358. Push buckle; 361. Movable rod; 362. Stop block; 363. Fifth spring; 364. Top column; 365. Movable buckle; 366. Pressure rod; 367. Sixth spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is combined with Figure 1-9 This application is described in further detail.

[0037] The present application embodiment discloses a maxillary sinus membrane nail gun, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including a gripping rod 1, on which are connected a nail grabbing mechanism 2 for grabbing the membrane nail and a firing mechanism 3 for controlling the firing of the membrane nail.

[0038] The handle 1 is a rod body with larger diameters at both ends and smaller diameter in the middle. The handle 1 is integrally formed with anti-slip ridges 11. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4A threaded hole 12 is provided at one end of the gripping rod 1, and the nail grabbing mechanism 2 includes a connecting rod 21. An external thread is provided on the outer wall of one end of the connecting rod 21. The connecting rod 21 can be detachably mounted on the gripping rod 1 through the threaded hole 12 on the gripping rod 1. An internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the end of the connecting rod 21 away from the gripping rod 1. The end of the connecting rod 21 away from the gripping rod 1 is detachably connected to a nail grabbing rod 22 through a thread. The outer shape of the nail grabbing rod 22 is an arc rod body, and a nail grabbing groove 221 is provided at the end of the nail grabbing rod 22 away from the connecting rod 21.

[0039] When a film nail needs to be picked up, the operator holds the gripping rod 1. The gripping rod 1 is made into a rod shape that is thinner in the middle and thicker at both ends, which makes it easier for the operator to grip and provides a comfortable grip. The provision of the anti-slip ridges 11 can enhance the operator's grasping ability and prevent the gripping rod 1 from sliding in the palm of the operator's hand when the operator's hand is sweaty or the palm is wet. The operator holds the gripping rod 1 and aligns the nail grasping groove 221 on the nail grasping rod 22 with the film nail to grasp it. The nail grasping rod 22 is configured as an arc rod body, which facilitates the operator to vertically grasp one end of the nail grasping groove 221 when grasping the film nail. The connecting rod 21 is detachably mounted on the gripping rod 1, and the nail grasping rod 22 is detachably connected to the connecting rod 21. When it is necessary to launch film nails of different shapes and sizes, the nail grasping rod 22 is easily replaced, so that the shape and size of the nail grasping groove 221 on the nail grasping rod 22 can correspond to the shape and size of the film nail, thereby enhancing the performance of the film nail gun.

[0040] The firing mechanism 3 includes a sliding rod 31, which is slidably installed in the connecting rod 21. One end of the sliding rod 31 extends into the nail grabbing rod 22 and is fixedly installed with a first positioning column 321. A thimble 323 is slidably installed on the nail grabbing rod 22. The thimble 323 is arranged close to the nail grabbing groove 221. A second positioning column 324 is fixedly installed on one end of the thimble 323 close to the sliding rod 31. The first positioning column 321 and the second positioning column 324 are jointly sleeved with a first spring 322. One end of the first spring 322 is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 31, and the other end is fixedly installed on the thimble 323. In this embodiment, the first spring 322 can change shape with the arc of the nail grabbing rod 22.

[0041] A pull rod 331 is slidably installed in the grip 1, and the end of the pull rod 331 close to the slide rod 31 is fixedly connected to the slide rod 31. The diameter of the pull rod 331 is larger than the diameter of the slide rod 31. A second spring 332 is sleeved on the pull rod 331, and one end of the second spring 332 is fixedly connected to the pull rod 331, and the other end is fixedly connected to the grip 1. The end of the pull rod 331 away from the slide rod 31 is fixedly connected to a pull buckle 333.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5A control assembly 34 for controlling the movement of the pull rod 331 is mounted on the handle 1. The control assembly 34 includes a snap 341. The handle 1 is provided with a retractable slot 13, through which the snap 341 is slidably mounted on the handle 1. The snap 341 has a hole through which the pull rod 331 and the slide rod 31 pass and slide together. A third spring 342 is fixedly mounted on the handle 1. The end of the third spring 342 closest to the snap 341 is fixedly connected to the snap 341. The snap 341 is provided with a positioning step 3411, and the handle 1 has a stepped surface that abuts against the positioning step 3411.

[0043] Reference Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 A mounting platform 351 is fixedly mounted on the pull rod 331, a mounting plate 352 is fixedly mounted on the mounting platform 351, a mounting slot 3521 is defined in the mounting plate 352, a guide rod 353 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 352, and the guide rod 353 is disposed within the mounting slot 3521. A movable plate 354 is slidably connected to the guide rod 353, and the movable plate 354 is slidably connected to the mounting plate 352. A fourth spring 355 is sleeved on the guide rod 353, one end of the fourth spring 355 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 354, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 352. A positioning plate 356 is hingedly mounted on the mounting plate 352, and a push rod 357 is hingedly mounted on the end of the positioning plate 356 away from the mounting plate 352. The end of the push rod 357 away from the positioning plate 356 is hingedly mounted on the movable plate 354. A push buckle 358 for pushing the movable plate 354 is fixedly mounted on the handle 1.

[0044] A movable rod 361 is slidably mounted on the handle 1. A stopper 362 is fixedly mounted on the movable rod 361 to resist the positioning plate 356. The stopper 362 is set between the positioning plate 356 and the push buckle 358. A fifth spring 363 is fixedly mounted on the movable rod 361. The end of the fifth spring 363 away from the movable rod 361 is fixedly mounted on the handle 1. A top column 364 is fixedly mounted on the movable rod 361. Figure 4 A movable buckle 365 is slidably installed on the snap button 341, and a pressure rod 366 for pressing the top column 364 is slidably installed on the movable buckle 365. A sixth spring 367 is sleeved on the pressure rod 366. One end of the sixth spring 367 is fixedly installed on the pressure rod 366, and the other end is fixedly installed on the movable buckle 365.

[0045] Reference Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 8Before the operator picks up the gripping rod 1 to grab the film nail, the operator holds the gripping rod 1 and pushes the movable buckle 365 to push the pressure rod 366 to align with the top column 364. Pressing the pressure rod 366 will push the top column 364 to move. The top column 364 drives the movable rod 361 to move. The movable rod 361 drives the stopper 362 away from the mounting plate 352. The stopper 362 moves away from the mounting plate 352 to avoid blocking the moving path of the positioning plate 356. After pressing the pressure rod 366, refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , pull the pull button 333, the pull button 333 drives the pull rod 331 and the slide rod 31 to move, the pull rod 331 compresses the second spring 332, and the slide rod 31 pulls the first spring 322 to generate a firing movement trend.

[0046] Reference Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 When the pull rod 331 is pulled, the pull rod 331 drives the mounting platform 351 to move. The mounting plate 352 on the mounting platform 351 moves closer to the push button 358. The push button 358 abuts against the movable plate 354 and pushes the movable plate 354 to slide on the guide rod 353. The movable plate 354 presses the fourth spring 355, which pushes the push rod 357 to move. The push rod 357 then rotates the positioning plate 356. When the mounting plate 352 abuts against the push button 358, the positioning plate 356 rotates until it is perpendicular to the mounting plate 352 and moves between the stopper 362 and the push button 358. At this point, the pull rod 331 reaches its maximum displacement, making it easier to control the firing force of the pull rod 331. Then the operator releases the pressure rod 366, the fifth spring 363 pushes the movable rod 361 to move, and the movable rod 361 drives the stop block 362 to move closer to the mounting plate 352. Then the operator releases the pulling force on the pull rod 331, and the pull rod 331 drives the positioning plate 356 to press against the stop block 362. The stop block 362 resists the positioning plate 356 so that the pull rod 331 and the slide rod 31 are in a firing state.

[0047] Reference Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 After fixing the pull rod 331, the operator slides the movable buckle 365 back into the snap button 341, so that the pressure rod 366 leaves the top column 364, to prevent the pressure rod 366 from being pressed accidentally during subsequent operations and causing an erroneous firing. After sliding the movable buckle 365 into the snap button 341, the operator releases the pressure on the snap button 341. Figure 9As shown, when the pull rod 331 is ready to fire, it moves to the bottom of the snap 341. At this time, the third spring 342 pushes the snap 341 to move, causing the snap 341 to move toward the outside of the handle 1, so that the snap 341 is against the front of the pull rod 331, thus completing the firing preparation. The movable rod 361 and the stopper 362 are used to control the stop of the pull rod 331. The snap 341 blocks the front of the pull rod 331, forming a double lock for the pull rod 331, preventing the pull rod 331 from moving due to external forces. This strengthens the protection mechanism of the membrane nail gun and prevents accidental firing. In addition, the movable buckle 365 must be pushed and the pressure rod 366 must be pressed before the lock of the block 362 can be released, avoiding firing under non-preset operation procedures and ensuring the safe use of the instrument during surgery.

[0048] After the firing preparation is completed, refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7 The staff holds the gripping rod 1 to grab the membrane nail, and after grabbing the membrane nail, extends the nail grabbing mechanism 2 into the oral cavity and stops the membrane nail in a fixed position. Then the operator presses the snap button 341 into the gripping rod 1, and the positioning step 3411 on the snap button 341 will rest on the gripping rod 1, quickly positioning the snap button 341 to ensure that the snap button 341 stays in the specified position, ensuring that when the pull rod 331 is fired, the pull rod 331 can be smoothly inserted into the snap button 341, avoiding friction and collision between the snap button 341 and the pull rod 331, affecting the firing force of the pull rod 331. Then the operator pushes the movable buckle 365 to align the pressure rod 366 with the push column 364, presses the pressure rod 366 to push the movable rod 361 to move, and the movable rod 361 drives the stop block 362 to leave the positioning plate 356. The second spring 332 resets the pull rod 331 to drive the slide rod 31 to move, and the slide rod 31 pushes the first spring 322. The first spring 322 pushes the ejector pin 323, and the ejector pin 323 pushes the membrane pin to complete the firing of the membrane pin.

[0049] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 When the movable rod 361 drives the block 362 to leave the positioning plate 356, the pull rod 331 moves to drive the positioning plate 356 to leave the block 362, and the fourth spring 355 will push the movable plate 354 to move. The movable plate 354 pulls the push rod 357 to move, thereby controlling the rotation of the positioning plate 356, so that the positioning plate 356 moves to the side close to the mounting plate 352, avoiding the movement jam caused by the positioning plate 356 being blocked, thereby improving the flexibility of the instrument operation, optimizing the flexibility of the movement of the pull rod 331, ensuring the timing of the firing process and firing force of the pull rod 331, and at the same time reducing the wear between the positioning plate 356 and the block 362 when leaving the block 362, which is beneficial to enhancing the performance of the membrane nail gun.

[0050] The present invention also provides a method for repairing the maxillary sinus membrane, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Open the window and perforate to expose the outer wall of the maxillary sinus. Cut the flap to expose the outer wall of the maxillary sinus. Use a ball drill or ultrasonic bone knife to prepare an elliptical or rectangular bone window with a length of about 15-20 mm and a width of about 8-10 mm in the middle of the outer wall of the maxillary sinus corresponding to the root apex of the maxillary first and second molars. The edges of the bone window are smoothed to facilitate clear exposure of the surgical field and smooth insertion of the collagen membrane. Carefully peel off the sinus membrane to fully expose the perforation and fully lift the maxillary sinus mucosa around the perforation to ensure that the sinus mucosa is relaxed. In this embodiment, the ball drill, ultrasonic bone knife and collagen membrane are all existing technologies. The embodiment of this application does not describe the structure or use method of the ball drill, ultrasonic bone knife and collagen membrane.

[0051] Step 2: Pretreatment of collagen membrane and fixation on the inside. Trim the 30mm*40mm collagen membrane to a suitable shape according to the buccal and lingual width of the maxillary sinus, and place the collagen membrane across the inside and outside of the window. Use two 3mm long titanium nails and use the membrane nail gun in the embodiment of the present application to eject the membrane nails through the inner wall bone surface and fix them to the paranasal bone wall. Place them in the mesial and distal parts of the sinus membrane perforation area respectively to ensure that the bottom perforation area of ​​the sinus membrane is completely covered. At the same time, the bottom wall area of ​​the maxillary sinus is not covered by the collagen membrane to ensure that the bone graft material can eventually contact the bottom wall to maintain the blood supply of the bone graft material. The membrane nails in the embodiment of the present application are titanium nails.

[0052] Step 3: Place the bone augmentation material. Fill the bone augmentation material evenly into the maxillary sinus along the window and press it lightly to ensure that the material is evenly distributed.

[0053] Step 4: The collagen membrane on the outer part of the maxillary sinus is folded and fixed. The outer collagen membrane is folded toward the edge of the window, tightly wrapping the bone augmentation material to form a cylindrical structure. Two titanium nails are fixed to the outer wall of the maxillary sinus or the top of the alveolar ridge to ensure that the membrane and the bone wall are tightly attached, completing the dual stabilization of the membrane and the material.

[0054] Step 5: Close the wound, rinse the surgical area, reposition the mucoperiosteal flap, and suture with interrupted 4-0 sutures to ensure tension-free closure.

[0055] Step 6: X-ray examination. Postoperative CBCT examination is performed to record the initial position and distribution of the maxillary sinus bone augmentation material. Regular follow-up CBCT examinations are performed to examine the situation inside the maxillary sinus. Re-examinations are performed one month, three months, six months after surgery, and after the repair is completed. The CBCT is compared with the preoperative CBCT to observe the long-term stability of the bone augmentation material.

[0056] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is: the operator holds the handle 1 and pushes the movable buckle 365 to push the pressure rod 366 to align with the top column 364, presses the pressure rod 366, and the pressure rod 366 will push the movable rod 361 to drive the stop block 362 away from the mounting plate 352, and then pulls the pull buckle 333 to drive the pull rod 331 and the slide rod 31 to move, the pull rod 331 compresses the second spring 332, and the pull rod 331 will drive the mounting platform 351 to move, and the mounting plate 352 on the mounting platform 351 will move close to the push buckle 358, and the push buckle 358 will resist the movable plate 354 and push the movable plate 354 to slide on the guide rod 353, so that the push rod 357 pushes the positioning plate 356 to rotate to be perpendicular to the mounting plate 352. The operator then releases the pressure rod 366, and the movable rod 361 drives the stopper 362 to move closer to the mounting plate 352. The operator then releases the tension on the pull rod 331, and the pull rod 331 drives the positioning plate 356 to abut against the stopper 362. The operator then slides the movable buckle 365 back into the press button 341 and releases the press button 341 to complete the firing preparation.

[0057] After the firing preparation is completed, the staff member holds the gripping rod 1 to grab the membrane nail, then extends the nail grabbing mechanism 2 into the oral cavity and stops the membrane nail in a fixed position. The operator then presses the button 341 into the gripping rod 1. The operator then pushes the movable button 365 to align the pressure rod 366 with the ejector post 364, presses the pressure rod 366 to push the movable rod 361 to move, and the movable rod 361 drives the block 362 to leave the positioning plate 356. The second spring 332 resets, causing the pull rod 331 to drive the slide rod 31 to move. The slide rod 31 pushes the first spring 322, which pushes the ejector pin 323, and the ejector pin 323 pushes the membrane nail to complete the firing of the membrane nail.

[0058] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A maxillary sinus membrane nail gun, characterized by: The invention comprises a gripping rod (1), the gripping rod (1) is connected to a nail grabbing mechanism (2) and a firing mechanism (3) for controlling the firing of a membrane nail, the firing mechanism (3) comprising a sliding rod (31) arranged in the nail grabbing mechanism (2), the sliding rod (31) being connected to a first spring (322), the first spring (322) being connected to a pin (323) for firing the membrane nail; a pull rod (331) is slidably installed in the gripping rod (1), the pull rod (331) is connected to the sliding rod (31), the diameter of the sliding rod (31) is smaller than the diameter of the pull rod (331), and the pull rod (331) is sleeved with a second spring (332); a control component (34) for controlling the movement of the pull rod (331) is installed on the gripping rod (1), the control component (34) comprises a snap button (341), the snap button (341) is slidably installed on the gripping rod (1), and the pull rod (331) passes through The snap button (341) is slidably connected to the snap button (341), a third spring (342) is installed on the grip (1), and the end of the third spring (342) close to the snap button (341) is connected to the snap button (341), a mounting plate (352) is installed on the pull rod (331), and a positioning plate (356) is installed on the mounting plate (352), a movable rod (361) is slidably installed on the grip (1), a block (362) for blocking the positioning plate (356) is installed on the movable rod (361), a fifth spring (363) is connected to the movable rod (361), and the end of the fifth spring (363) away from the movable rod (361) is connected to the grip (1), a top column (364) is installed on the movable rod (361), and a pressure rod (366) for pushing the top column (364) to move is installed on the snap button (341).

2. The maxillary sinus membrane nail gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate (352) is provided with a mounting groove (3521), a guide rod (353) is installed on the mounting plate (352), the guide rod (353) is arranged in the mounting groove (3521), a movable plate (354) is slidably installed on the guide rod (353), a fourth spring (355) is sleeved on the guide rod (353), one end of the fourth spring (355) is connected to the movable plate (354), and the other end is connected to the mounting plate (352), a push rod (357) is hinged on the movable plate (354), the positioning plate (356) is hinged on the mounting plate (352), and one end of the positioning plate (356) away from the mounting plate (352) is hinged to the push rod (357), and a push buckle (358) for pushing the movable plate (354) to move is installed on the gripping rod (1).

3. The maxillary sinus membrane nail gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable buckle (365) is slidably mounted on the snap button (341), the pressure rod (366) is slidably mounted on the movable buckle (365), a sixth spring (367) is sleeved on the pressure rod (366), one end of the sixth spring (367) is connected to the pressure rod (366), and the other end is connected to the movable buckle (365).

4. The maxillary sinus membrane nail gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The snap button (341) is provided with a positioning step (3411), and the handle (1) is provided with a step surface that abuts against the positioning step (3411).

5. The maxillary sinus membrane nail gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nail grabbing mechanism (2) includes a connecting rod (21), the connecting rod (21) is installed on the gripping rod (1), the end of the connecting rod (21) away from the gripping rod (1) is connected to the nail grabbing rod (22), the nail grabbing rod (22) is provided with a nail grabbing groove (221), the sliding rod (31) is slidably installed in the connecting rod (21), the end of the sliding rod (31) away from the gripping rod (1) extends into the nail grabbing rod (22), the end of the sliding rod (31) extending into the nail grabbing rod (22) is connected to the first spring (322), the first spring (322) is arranged in the nail grabbing rod (22), and the end of the first spring (322) away from the sliding rod (31) is connected to the ejector pin (323).

6. The maxillary sinus membrane nail gun according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nail grabbing rod (22) has an outer shape of an arc rod body, and the first spring (322) can change shape along with the arc shape of the nail grabbing rod (22).

7. The maxillary sinus membrane nail gun according to claim 5, characterized in that: A threaded hole (12) is provided on the gripping rod (1), and an external thread is provided at one end of the connecting rod (21). The connecting rod (21) is detachably mounted on the gripping rod (1) through the threaded hole (12). An internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the end of the connecting rod (21) away from the gripping rod (1). The end of the connecting rod (21) away from the gripping rod (1) is detachably connected to the nail grabbing rod (22) via a thread.

8. The maxillary sinus membrane nail gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grip rod (1) is a rod body with a diameter at both ends larger than a diameter in the middle, and an anti-slip ridge (11) is integrally formed on the grip rod (1).

9. A method for repairing the maxillary sinus membrane using the maxillary sinus membrane nail gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Windowing and perforation exposure: Open the flap to expose the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus. Use a ball drill or ultrasonic bone knife to prepare a bone window in the middle of the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus above the root tips of the maxillary first and second molars, and trim the edge of the bone window smoothly. Step 2: Pre-treat the collagen membrane and fix it medially. Trim the collagen membrane to the appropriate shape according to the buccal and lingual width of the maxillary sinus and place it across the inner and outer sides of the fenestration. Use a membrane nail gun to grab the membrane nails and eject them through the medial wall bone surface to fix them to the paranasal bone wall. Place them mesially and distally to the perforated area of ​​the sinus membrane to ensure complete coverage of the perforated area at the bottom of the sinus membrane. At the same time, leave the bottom wall of the maxillary sinus uncovered by the collagen membrane so that the bone graft can finally contact the bottom wall. Step 3: Place the bone augmentation material into the maxillary sinus along the fenestration and compact it; Step 4: Fold and fix the collagen membrane on the outer part of the maxillary sinus. Fold the outer collagen membrane toward the edge of the fenestration, tightly wrap the bone augmentation material, and form a cylindrical structure. Fix it to the outer wall of the maxillary sinus or the top of the alveolar ridge with membrane pins. Step 5: Wound closure, irrigate the surgical area, reposition the mucoperiosteal flap, and suture with interrupted 4-0 sutures; Step 6: X-ray examination. Postoperative CBCT examination is performed to record the initial position and distribution of the maxillary sinus bone augmentation material, and regular follow-up CBCT examinations are performed to examine the condition inside the maxillary sinus.

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