Monitoring device for tunnel sprayed concrete

Abstract

The invention provides a monitoring device for tunnel shotcreting, which relates to the technical field of underground engineering and comprises a connecting frame serving as a basic frame of the whole device and providing mounting support for other parts. The multiple fixing rods are fixed in the circumferential direction of the connecting frame, and one ends of the fixing rods extend into the soil layer to play a role in stabilizing the device. The fixing rod is sleeved with the protective net, and a spraying space is defined by a first opening in one end of the protective net and the monitoring assembly on the connecting frame jointly. During tunnel concrete spraying construction, concrete is sprayed in the spraying space, the monitoring assembly can monitor relevant parameters of the concrete in the spraying process, and the problem that a traditional monitoring instrument mounting mode loses efficacy in a concrete spraying structure is solved; and a stable installation and monitoring environment is provided for the monitoring assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering technology, and in particular to a monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of intensifying global climate change, China has proposed a "dual carbon" strategic goal. In tunnel engineering, fiber-reinforced shotcrete support technology offers significant energy-saving and emission-reduction advantages over traditional cast-in-place concrete, making it a key technology path toward green construction. However, this new support system faces significant technical compatibility issues with traditional monitoring technologies. First, the shotcrete structure eliminates a steel mesh structure, rendering conventional monitoring instrument installation methods based on rebar tying ineffective. Second, the high-speed shotcrete construction process can easily damage embedded monitoring components. This technical incompatibility severely restricts the establishment of a shotcrete quality monitoring system, posing significant challenges to the safe application of this new support technology. The development of specialized monitoring devices with structural adaptability and construction tolerance is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete to improve the above-mentioned problem. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0004] The present application provides a monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete, comprising:

[0005] Connecting rack,

[0006] Fixed rods, at least two of which are fixed along the circumferential direction of the connecting frame, one end of each fixed rod being used to extend into the soil layer,

[0007] A protective net is sleeved on the fixed rod, the other end of the fixed rod is used to connect with the protective net, and one end of the protective net has a first opening.

[0008] A monitoring component is provided on the connecting frame, the monitoring component is located at the first opening, and the monitoring component and the protective net form a spraying space.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0010] The present invention utilizes a connecting frame as the foundational framework for the entire device, providing mounting support for other components. Multiple fixing rods are circumferentially fixed along the connecting frame, with one end extending into the soil to stabilize the device. A protective net is fitted over the fixing rods, with a first opening at one end and a monitoring assembly on the connecting frame forming a spraying space. During tunnel shotcrete construction, concrete is sprayed within this spraying space, and the monitoring assembly monitors relevant parameters of the concrete during the spraying process.

[0011] It solves the problem of failure of traditional monitoring instrument installation methods in shotcrete structures. Through the cooperation of fixed rods and protective nets, a stable installation and monitoring environment is provided for monitoring components. The protective net can protect the monitoring components from the impact of high-speed spraying construction technology to a certain extent, thereby improving the tolerance of the monitoring device to the construction technology.

[0012] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the embodiments of the present invention. The purposes and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device before the protective net is installed;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device after the protective net is installed;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting frame structure of this device;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing structure of the device;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure of this device.

[0019] Markings in the figure: 1. Connecting frame; 2. Fixing rod; 3. Protective net; 301. First opening; 302. Spraying space; 4. Monitoring assembly; 101. Frame; 102. Pressing member; 121. Extension portion; 5. Blocking member; 103. First telescopic rod; 11. Fixing member; 12. Nut; 601. Expansion portion; 602. Threaded portion; 7. Connecting member; 701. Annular portion; 702. Second opening; 8. Swinging member; 9. Sliding member; 401. Concrete strain gauge; 402. Soil pressure box; 10. Second telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only to distinguish the description and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete, which is characterized by comprising:

[0023] Connecting frame 1,

[0024] Fixed rods 2, at least two of which are fixed along the circumferential direction of the connecting frame 1, one end of which is used to extend into the soil layer,

[0025] The protective net 3 is sleeved on the fixed rod 2. The other end of the fixed rod 2 is used to connect with the protective net 3. One end of the protective net 3 has a first opening 301.

[0026] The monitoring component 4 is arranged on the connecting frame 1 . The monitoring component 4 is located at the first opening 301 . The monitoring component 4 and the protective net 3 form a spraying space 302 .

[0027] In this embodiment, the present invention utilizes a connecting frame 1 as the basic framework for the entire device, providing mounting support for other components. Multiple fixing rods 2 are circumferentially fixed along the connecting frame 1, with one end extending into the soil to stabilize the device. A protective net 3 is fitted over the fixing rods 2. A first opening 301 at one end of the net, together with the monitoring assembly 4 on the connecting frame 1, forms a spraying space 302. During tunnel shotcrete construction, concrete is sprayed within this spraying space 302, and the monitoring assembly 4 monitors concrete-related parameters during the spraying process.

[0028] The problem of failure of traditional monitoring instrument installation methods in shotcrete structures is solved. Through the cooperation of the fixing rod 2 and the protective net 3, a stable installation and monitoring environment is provided for the monitoring component 4. The protective net 3 can protect the monitoring component 4 from the impact of the high-speed spraying construction process to a certain extent, thereby improving the tolerance of the monitoring device to the construction process.

[0029] Furthermore, the connecting frame 1 includes a frame body 101 and a pressing member 102 . The pressing member 102 is arranged on the frame body 101 to move vertically. The pressing member 102 is used to press the monitoring component 4 .

[0030] In this embodiment, the frame 101 provides the main support structure for the entire connecting frame 1. The pressing member 102 moves vertically on the frame 101. When the monitoring assembly 4 needs to be fixed, the pressing member 102 is moved vertically to apply pressure to the monitoring assembly 4, thereby firmly fixing the monitoring assembly 4 in the appropriate position, ensuring that the monitoring assembly 4 remains stable during the shotcrete construction process and accurately performs monitoring work.

[0031] Furthermore, the pressing member 102 has a protruding portion 121 , which is used to pass through the protective net 3 ; and further includes a blocking member 5 , which is provided on the protruding portion 121 , and is used to prevent the protruding portion 121 from detaching from the protective net 3 .

[0032] In this embodiment, the extension 121 of the pressing member 102 passes through the protective net 3, and the blocking member 5 is disposed on the extension 121. When the protective net 3 is subjected to an external force that attempts to separate the pressing member 102 from the protective net 3, the blocking member 5 can prevent the extension 121 from escaping from the protective net 3, thereby maintaining the connection between the pressing member 102 and the protective net 3, ensuring that the pressing member 102 can continue to secure the monitoring assembly 4 and maintain the normal working state of the monitoring device.

[0033] Furthermore, the connecting frame 1 further includes a first telescopic rod 103 , which is disposed on the pressing member 102 , and the protruding portion 121 is connected to the pressing member 102 via the first telescopic rod 103 .

[0034] In this embodiment, the first telescopic rod 103 connects the pressing member 102 and the extension 121. When the length of the extension 121 needs to be adjusted, the first telescopic rod 103 is operated to extend or shorten it. This allows the position of the extension 121 within the protective net 3 to be changed, thereby adjusting the relative position between the monitoring assembly 4 and the shotcrete to adapt to different construction requirements and ensure that the monitoring assembly 4 can accurately monitor the relevant parameters of the shotcrete.

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes a fixing member 11 and a nut 12. The fixing member 11 is arranged at the bottom of the fixing rod 2. The fixing member 11 has an expansion part 601 and a threaded part 602. The nut 12 and the threaded part 602 are threadedly matched. The nut 12 and the expansion part 601 are connected. The rotation of the nut 12 is used to drive the expansion part 601 to expand.

[0036] In this embodiment, fixing member 11 is located at the bottom of fixing rod 2, with its threaded portion 602 threadably engaged with nut 12. When nut 12 is rotated, it moves along threaded portion 602, pushing expansion portion 601 to expand. The expanded expansion portion 601 comes into close contact with the surrounding soil, increasing the friction and engagement between fixing member 11 and the soil. This allows fixing rod 2 to be more firmly fixed in the soil, providing stable support for the entire monitoring device.

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes a connecting member 7, which is arranged at the top of the fixing rod 2, and the connecting member 7 has an annular portion 701, and the annular portion 701 has a second opening 702. It also includes a swinging member 8, and the swinging member 8 is swingably arranged at the second opening 702, and the swinging member 8 is used to open or close the second opening 702.

[0038] In this embodiment, the annular portion 701 of the connecting member 7 has a second opening 702, and the swinging member 8 is disposed at the second opening 702. When the monitoring assembly 4 needs to be installed or adjusted, the swinging member 8 swings open the second opening 702, allowing the monitoring assembly 4 to be installed in the desired position through the second opening 702. After installation is complete, the swinging member 8 swings back under the action of gravity, thereby closing the second opening 702 and securing the monitoring assembly 4, ensuring its stability during the shotcrete construction process and enabling accurate monitoring.

[0039] Furthermore, the connecting member 7 and the fixing member 11 are all threadedly connected to the fixing rod 2 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the connecting member 7 and the fixing member 11 are connected to the fixing rod 2 via threads. During installation, the connecting member 7 and the fixing member 11 are screwed into place on the fixing rod 2. To remove them, they are simply screwed in the opposite direction. This connection method is simple to operate, facilitates quick installation and removal, and can meet the needs of adjusting monitoring device components at different construction stages.

[0041] Furthermore, it includes a sliding member 9, which is slidably arranged on the frame 101, and the pressing member 102 is vertically movable on the sliding member 9, and at least one of the sliding members 9 slides toward or away from each other.

[0042] In this embodiment, the sliding member 9 slides on the frame 101, changing its position on the frame 101. The pressing member 102 moves vertically on the sliding member 9. When the sliding members 9 slide toward or away from each other, the pressing member 102 and the monitoring assembly 4 mounted thereon move, thereby adjusting the position of the monitoring assembly 4 in the tunnel cross-section. This allows the monitoring assembly 4 to be accurately positioned according to the width or variable cross-section of the tunnel, achieving effective monitoring of shotcrete.

[0043] Furthermore, the monitoring assembly 4 includes a concrete strain gauge 401 and an earth pressure box 402 . The earth pressure box 402 is arranged on the frame 101 , and the concrete strain gauge 401 is arranged on the fixing rod 2 . The sliding member 9 slides to drive the pressing member 102 to move closer to or away from the earth pressure box 402 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the earth pressure cell 402 is mounted on the frame 101 and measures the pressure exerted by the shotcrete, reflecting the interaction between the shotcrete and the soil. A concrete strain gauge 401 is mounted on the fixed rod 2. When the shotcrete deforms under force, it causes the fixed rod 2 to deform slightly. The concrete strain gauge 401 measures this strain, thereby obtaining strain data for the shotcrete. The sliding member 9 drives the pressing member 102 toward or away from the earth pressure cell 402, allowing the position of the earth pressure cell 402 to be adjusted to obtain pressure data at different locations, comprehensively monitoring the pressure distribution between the shotcrete and the soil.

[0045] Furthermore, a second telescopic rod 10 is included. Both ends of the second telescopic rod 10 are respectively arranged on the two opposite fixed rods 2. The concrete strain gauge 401 is arranged on the fixed rod 2 through the second telescopic rod 10.

[0046] In this embodiment, the ends of the second telescopic rod 10 are connected to two opposing fixed rods 2, providing a mounting base for the concrete strain gauge 401. When monitoring the strain at a specific location in the shotcrete, the position of the concrete strain gauge 401 on the tunnel cross-section can be changed by adjusting the length of the second telescopic rod 10. The strain generated by the shotcrete during stress loading is transmitted to the fixed rods 2 and, in turn, to the concrete strain gauge 401 mounted on the second telescopic rod 10. The concrete strain gauge 401 converts the strain into a measurable signal, such as an electrical signal. These signals are then recorded and transmitted by a data acquisition system, enabling real-time monitoring of the shotcrete strain.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete, characterized in that: include: Connecting frame (1); Fixed rods (2), at least two of the fixed rods (2) are fixed along the circumferential direction of the connecting frame (1), and one end of the fixed rod (2) is used to extend into the soil layer; A protective net (3), the protective net (3) being sleeved on the fixed rod (2), the other end of the fixed rod (2) being used for connecting with the protective net (3), and one end of the protective net (3) having a first opening (301); A monitoring component (4), the monitoring component (4) is arranged on the connecting frame (1), the monitoring component (4) is located at the first opening (301), and the monitoring component (4) and the protective net (3) form a spraying space (302).

2. The monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting frame (1) comprises a frame body (101) and a pressing member (102). The pressing member (102) is arranged on the frame body (101) in a vertically movable manner. The pressing member (102) is used to press the monitoring component.

3. The monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing member (102) has a protruding portion (121) for passing through the protective net (3); and further comprises a blocking member (5) disposed on the protruding portion (121) for blocking the protruding portion (121) from detaching from the protective net (3).

4. The monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting frame (1) further comprises a first telescopic rod (103), wherein the first telescopic rod (103) is arranged on the pressing member (102), and the protruding portion (121) is connected to the pressing member (102) via the first telescopic rod (103).

5. The monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a fixing member (11) and a nut (12), wherein the fixing member (11) is arranged at the bottom of the fixing rod (2), the fixing member (11) has an expansion portion (601) and a threaded portion (602), the nut (12) and the threaded portion (602) are threadedly matched, the nut (12) and the expansion portion (601) are connected, and the rotation of the nut (12) is used to drive the expansion portion (601) to expand.

6. The monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention also includes a connecting member (7), the connecting member (7) being arranged at the top of the fixing rod (2), the connecting member (7) having an annular portion (701), the annular portion (701) having a second opening (702), and a swinging member (8), the swinging member (8) being swingably arranged at the second opening (702), and the swinging member (8) being used to open or close the second opening (702).

7. The monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting piece (7) and the fixing piece (11) are all threadedly connected to the fixing rod (2).

8. The monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a sliding member (9), which is slidably arranged on the frame (101), and the pressing member (102) is arranged on the sliding member (9) to move vertically, and at least one of the sliding members (9) slides toward or away from each other.

9. The monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring assembly (4) comprises a concrete strain gauge (401) and an earth pressure box (402), wherein the earth pressure box (402) is arranged on the frame (101), and the concrete strain gauge (401) is arranged on the fixed rod (2), and the sliding member (9) slides to drive the pressing member (102) to approach or move away from the earth pressure box (402).

10. The monitoring device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a second telescopic rod (10), with both ends of the second telescopic rod (10) respectively arranged on the two opposite fixed rods (2), and the concrete strain gauge (401) is arranged on the fixed rods (2) through the second telescopic rod (10).

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