Photovoltaic highway sound barrier power generation system

Abstract

The application provides a photovoltaic highway noise screen power generation system, and relates to the technical field of data processing.The system is used for: dividing daily time into multiple time periods, recording the incident angle of sunlight at different spatial angles in each time period to obtain a time period incident data set, calculating the irradiation deviation of photovoltaic modules in each time period at a preset installation angle, adjusting the irradiation angle of the photovoltaic modules in each time period to obtain angle adjustment data, comparing the angle adjustment data with physical structure angle data of the noise screen to obtain adjustment interval data, counting the change frequency and amplitude fluctuation of different adjustment angles within a day, calculating an angle balance value, screening an optimal angle switching path, generating a control instruction, and driving the photovoltaic modules to perform dynamic angle adjustment.The application ensures that the photovoltaic modules can stably output power by adjusting the angle of the noise screen.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a photovoltaic highway noise barrier power generation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to reduce the impact of traffic noise on surrounding residential areas along urban expressways and highways, noise barriers are usually set up. Traditional sound barriers use sound-absorbing materials or structured reflective surfaces to achieve noise reduction function, which to some extent improves the problem of noise propagation. However, the surface of the noise barrier is mostly underutilized and in a state of resource idleness. In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of road infrastructure, photovoltaic modules are integrated on the noise barrier to realize the combination of noise reduction and power generation function. Solar panels are usually fixed on the end or surface of the noise barrier, and power output is realized through photovoltaic array grid connection.

[0003] However, the existing photovoltaic noise barrier system has problems when facing highway intersections or ramp areas. Since the noise barrier structure is usually continuous and the installation angle and height are uniform, there may be a lack of angle adjustment mechanism for specific road sections, resulting in a significant decrease in light utilization rate in some areas due to obstruction or angle deviation, which further causes significant attenuation of local power generation capacity and reduces the overall system power generation efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic highway noise barrier power generation system to solve the problems mentioned in the background.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0006] A photovoltaic highway noise barrier power generation system, the system comprises:

[0007] A data module for obtaining the latitude and longitude data, altitude data and orientation data of the noise barrier, and obtaining the time zone data and annual light statistics data of the area where the noise barrier is located to obtain a basic data set;

[0008] A slicing module for dividing the daily time into multiple time periods, recording the incident angle of sunlight at different spatial angles in each time period to obtain a time period incident data set;

[0009] A deviation module for calculating the illumination deviation of the photovoltaic module in each time period at a preset installation angle according to the basic data set and the time period incident data set to obtain an illumination deviation matrix;

[0010] An angle module for adjusting the illumination angle of the photovoltaic module in each time period according to the illumination deviation matrix to obtain angle adjustment data;

[0011] An interval module is configured to extract an adjustable angle range according to the angle adjustment data, and compare the adjustable angle range with physical structure angle data of the soundproof screen to obtain adjustment interval data.

[0012] An equalization module is configured to calculate an angle equalization value according to the adjustment interval data, and calculate a frequency of change and a magnitude fluctuation of the different adjustment angles within a day to obtain angle change equalization data.

[0013] A control module is configured to filter an optimal angle switching path according to the angle change equalization data, generate a control instruction, and drive the photovoltaic assembly to perform dynamic angle adjustment.

[0014] Further, the data module comprises:

[0015] A position acquisition unit is configured to obtain longitude, latitude and altitude of the soundproof screen, and determine orientation data of the soundproof screen relative to the sun to obtain geographic position data.

[0016] A time zone fusion unit is configured to determine a standard time zone data of an administrative region to which the soundproof screen belongs according to the geographic position data to obtain a standard time parameter.

[0017] An illumination aggregation unit is configured to obtain illumination values of each period of each day of the year that match the geographic position data to obtain annual illumination statistical data.

[0018] A data fusion unit is configured to aggregate the geographic position data, the standard time parameter and the annual illumination statistical data to obtain a basic data set.

[0019] Further, the slicing module comprises:

[0020] A time grouping unit is configured to divide a daily time into a plurality of continuous time periods according to the standard time parameter in the basic data set to obtain time period index data.

[0021] A trajectory calculation unit is configured to calculate an azimuth angle and an elevation angle of the sun in each time period according to the time period index data and the longitude and latitude data to obtain a trajectory parameter group.

[0022] A space conversion unit is configured to map the azimuth angle and the elevation angle in the trajectory parameter group into a spatial incident direction vector to obtain spatial direction data.

[0023] An incident construction unit is configured to combine the time period index data and the spatial direction data, and sort them in time period order to obtain a time period incident data set.

[0024] Further, the deviation module comprises:

[0025] A posture setting unit is configured to determine a preset installation angle of the photovoltaic assembly in an initial state according to the orientation data in the basic data set to obtain installation posture data.

[0026] An irradiation deviation degree unit is configured to calculate an irradiation deviation degree according to the spatial incident direction vector of each time period in the incident data set and the installation attitude data, and obtain irradiation deviation data;

[0027] A deviation encoding unit is configured to normalize the irradiation deviation data and map it into a two-dimensional deviation identification value, and obtain a time series deviation vector;

[0028] A deviation matrix unit is configured to organize the time series deviation vector into a row vector structure according to the time period sequence, and obtain a light irradiation deviation matrix.

[0029] Further, the irradiation deviation degree unit comprises:

[0030] An irradiation deviation degree calculation unit is configured to perform a vector dot product operation on the spatial incident direction vector and the normal unit vector of the photovoltaic module, to obtain an incident angle of each time period; calculate a light irradiation weight factor of each time period according to the incident angle; perform a nonlinear combination on the incident angle to obtain a composite angle term; calculate the influence of light irradiation fluctuation according to the incident light intensity, to obtain a light irradiation stability index term;

[0031] The light irradiation weight factor, the composite angle term and the light irradiation stability index term are fused to obtain a single time period score term; all time periods are summarized to construct a reference benchmark term; the single time period score term and the reference benchmark term are used to obtain the irradiation deviation degree.

[0032] Further, the angle module comprises:

[0033] A deviation extraction unit is configured to extract the irradiation deviation degree of each time period from the light irradiation deviation matrix row by row, to obtain a deviation sequence data set;

[0034] A correction unit is configured to perform compression and amplification processing on each irradiation deviation according to the deviation sequence data set, to obtain an angle correction factor sequence;

[0035] An attitude updating unit is configured to match the installation attitude data with the angle correction factor sequence, to determine a target attitude angle of each time period, and obtain attitude adjustment data;

[0036] A data summarizing unit is configured to arrange the attitude adjustment data in a time period sequence, to obtain angle adjustment data.

[0037] Further, the interval module comprises:

[0038] An extreme value extraction unit is configured to extract the target attitude angle of each time period from the angle adjustment data, and identify the extreme value of the target attitude angle, to obtain adjustment range data;

[0039] A structure parameter analysis unit is configured to extract a maximum adjustable angle, a minimum allowable angle and an adjustment precision value from the physical structure angle data of the soundproof screen, and obtain a set of structure constraint parameters;

[0040] A matching judgment unit is configured to perform interval overlap between the adjustment range data and the set of structure constraint parameters, filter out angle values meeting the structure limitation, and obtain adjustment interval data.

[0041] Further, the balancing module comprises:

[0042] A difference calculation unit is configured to perform pairwise difference on the target posture angles of the continuous time periods in the adjustment interval data, and obtain an angle change sequence;

[0043] A frequency statistics unit is configured to count non-zero differences in the angle change sequence, determine the angle switching frequency in a day, and obtain a change frequency;

[0044] An amplitude evaluation unit is configured to take an absolute value of each difference in the angle change sequence, and calculate a root mean square thereof, and obtain an amplitude fluctuation;

[0045] An angle balancing value unit is configured to calculate an angle balancing value according to the change frequency and the amplitude fluctuation, and obtain angle change balancing data.

[0046] Further, the angle balancing value unit comprises:

[0047] An angle balancing value calculation unit is configured to calculate an adjacent time period angle change amplitude according to the target posture angle, and obtain a square term; calculate a mean value of the target posture angle throughout the day, and obtain an angle weight factor; and construct an angle deviation penalty term according to the square term and the irradiation deviation degree;

[0048] Calculate a critical value of the target posture angle and the adjustment interval boundary according to the range of the adjustment interval, and obtain an adjustment boundary penalty term; and calculate the stability of the photovoltaic module deviating from the average posture for a long time according to the mean value of the target posture angle throughout the day, and obtain a posture stability index term.

[0049] Fuse the angle weight factor, the angle deviation penalty term, the adjustment boundary penalty term and the posture stability index term, and obtain a single-section balancing term; and aggregate the single-section balancing terms of all time periods, and obtain the angle balancing value.

[0050] Further, the control module comprises:

[0051] A path construction unit is configured to set the target posture angles of the time periods in the angle adjustment data as path nodes, and then perform traversal evaluation on the path nodes according to the amplitude fluctuation and the angle balancing value, and obtain an angle switching path set.

[0052] The comprehensive fluctuation unit is used for calculating the fitting degree of the change frequency and amplitude fluctuation of each candidate angle switching path and the angle balance value according to the angle switching path set, and obtaining a comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree;

[0053] The path screening unit is used for screening an angle switching path with the lowest comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree from the angle switching path set according to the comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree, and obtaining a target adjustment path.

[0054] The instruction driving unit is used for constructing a corresponding posture control data set according to the target posture angle of each time period in the target adjustment path, generating a control instruction, and driving the photovoltaic component to perform dynamic angle adjustment.

[0055] The above scheme of the present application at least includes the following beneficial effects:

[0056] The present application divides the daily time into multiple time periods, which is used to describe the incident behavior characteristics of sunlight at different time slices, so that the system is no longer simplified modeling with daily average value, but realizes continuous tracking of the change of sunlight angle and direction, and through the mapping relationship between time period and spatial incident angle, the change trend of sunlight angle caused by the change of sun position in the morning, noon and evening can be recognized, and a complete time sequence illumination characteristic is established accordingly, which improves the response ability to dynamic sunlight environment and avoids the loss of power generation efficiency caused by ignoring the low-angle sunlight in the morning and evening.

[0057] The present application calculates the irradiation deviation degree of the photovoltaic component at the preset installation angle, no longer depends on artificial subjective judgment of angle adaptability, but quantifies the directionality error of incident light into matrix form to express the irradiation difference degree in each time period, so as to identify which time period has irradiation mismatch and energy waste in the whole day, form an interpretable and traceable data basis, and the irradiation deviation degree connects the key intermediate link from incident data to angle adjustment, improves the logical closure and response accuracy of the whole system adjustment strategy.

[0058] The present application compares the angle adjustment data with the physical structure angle data of the sound-absorbing screen to generate adjustment interval data, ensures that the generated angle adjustment scheme is executed within the range allowed by the actual engineering structure, prevents the occurrence of component damage or structure stress imbalance caused by excessive adjustment amplitude or wide posture error, unlike the case that the theoretically optimal angle does not consider the physical limitations of the actual device, this function makes the system adjustment strategy more engineering implementable and safe, through the explicit modeling of the maximum or minimum angle boundary of the structure, the impact or long-term fatigue influence of the adjustment instruction on the structure can be effectively avoided, and the service life of the photovoltaic device is prolonged.

[0059] The application can effectively inhibit the frequent angle adjustment of the system at the light boundary time period, improve the stability of the entire power generation system, and make the system not only focus on the optimal solution of light efficiency, but also consider the smoothness and execution cost of the adjustment behavior through the balanced evaluation model constructed by the frequency and amplitude characteristics. The posture adjustment mechanism with the minimum dynamic fluctuation as the target is particularly important in complex light areas, which can prevent problems such as equipment drive motor wear, increased energy consumption and control delay caused by excessively frequent control instructions.

[0060] The application extracts the irradiation deviation degree of each time period through the irradiation deviation matrix, and generates the target irradiation angle adjustment value of each time period accordingly, logically realizes the closed-loop conversion from irradiation deviation perception to posture adjustment instruction, so that the system no longer relies on the fixed angle installation strategy, but can perform dynamic angle compensation according to the whole day light condition, so that the photovoltaic module can still maintain a certain energy receiving efficiency in the morning, evening or under local shading. Through the time period level angle adjustment operation, the system effectively converts the spatial change into executable angle instruction, and improves the dynamic responsiveness of the system light receiving capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 is a flow block diagram of a photovoltaic highway sound barrier power generation system provided by an embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be accurately conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0063] As shown in Figure 1 , an embodiment of the application proposes a photovoltaic highway sound barrier power generation system, which comprises:

[0064] A data module is configured to acquire longitude and latitude data, altitude data and orientation data of the sound barrier, and acquire time zone data and annual light statistics data of the region where the sound barrier is located, to obtain a basic data set;

[0065] A slicing module is configured to divide the daily time into a plurality of time periods, record the incident angle of sunlight at different spatial angles in each time period, and obtain a time period incident data set;

[0066] a deviation module configured to calculate irradiation deviation degrees of the photovoltaic module at preset installation angles in each time period according to the basic data set and the time period incidence data set, and obtain an irradiation deviation matrix;

[0067] an angle module configured to adjust irradiation angles of the photovoltaic module in each time period according to the irradiation deviation matrix, and obtain angle adjustment data;

[0068] an interval module configured to extract an adjustable angle range according to the angle adjustment data, and compare the adjustable angle range with physical structure angle data of the soundproof screen, and obtain adjustment interval data;

[0069] a balance module configured to calculate angle balance values according to the adjustment interval data, and obtain angle change balance data, by counting change frequencies and amplitude fluctuations of different adjustment angles in a day;

[0070] a control module configured to filter an optimal angle switching path according to the angle change balance data, generate a control instruction, and drive the photovoltaic module to perform dynamic angle adjustment.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the data module is configured to obtain longitude and latitude data, altitude data and orientation data of the soundproof screen, and obtain time zone data and annual light statistics data of a region where the soundproof screen is located, and obtain a basic data set, thereby providing comprehensive basic data with time and space dimensions; the slicing module is configured to divide daily time into multiple time periods, record incidence angles of sunlight at different spatial angles in each time period, and obtain a time period incidence data set, thereby realizing time series and spatial vectorization description of dynamic behaviors of sunlight, and providing high-resolution input; the deviation module is configured to calculate irradiation deviation degrees of the photovoltaic module at preset installation angles in each time period according to the basic data set and the time period incidence data set, and obtain an irradiation deviation matrix, thereby quantifying errors between theoretical incidence directions and actual installation angles, and providing a measurement basis; the angle module is configured to adjust irradiation angles of the photovoltaic module in each time period according to the irradiation deviation matrix, and obtain angle adjustment data, thereby realizing a leap from static configuration to dynamic adjustment, and supporting adjustment of angles of the photovoltaic module according to time periods to adapt to changing solar incidence directions.

[0072] The interval module is configured to extract an adjustable angle range according to the angle adjustment data, and compare the adjustable angle range with physical structure angle data of the soundproof screen to obtain adjustment interval data, so as to ensure that angle adjustment is physically feasible and prevent execution failure or mechanism damage caused by angle setting exceeding the bearing range of an actuator; the balance module is configured to calculate an angle balance value according to the adjustment interval data, so as to obtain angle change balance data, and realize statistical analysis and stability evaluation of posture switching behavior, and prevent structural fatigue, control abnormalities and other problems caused by excessively frequent or large amplitude angle switching; and the control module is configured to filter an optimal angle switching path according to the angle change balance data, generate a control instruction, and drive the photovoltaic module to perform dynamic angle adjustment, so as to realize a full closed-loop operation process and ensure stable operation of angle adjustment.

[0073] The data module is configured to obtain longitude and latitude data, altitude data and orientation data of the soundproof screen, and obtain time zone data and annual illumination statistical data of a region where the soundproof screen is located, to obtain a basic data set, specifically including:

[0074] Firstly, the system calls a built-in high-precision positioning chip to obtain the longitude and latitude data of the current soundproof screen, and further obtains the current orientation of the device by combining attitude sensors such as a three-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope or a digital compass module, that is, obtains the normal direction vector of the front face of the soundproof screen, thereby forming initial spatial positioning information. Since the soundproof screen often has a certain height difference under a highway, an urban viaduct or a complex terrain, the system synchronously obtains the altitude information from the positioning chip, and real-time corrects the altitude to offset the offset error of the illumination angle caused by the terrain undulation.

[0075] After completing the collection of spatial position and orientation information, the system automatically identifies the standard administrative region code corresponding to the longitude and latitude by reverse analysis of the geographic position (for example, by combining an open source map API service or a built-in administrative division mapping table), and matches the corresponding standard time zone parameters (such as UTC+8, UTC+9, etc.) based on the code, to establish a time mapping relationship with the standard solar time. Subsequently, the system is connected to a remote weather database or a pre-set illumination model database, indexes the annual illumination data table according to the previously obtained longitude and latitude data, extracts the average solar intensity value, solar radiation, sunny proportion and historical shading rate information of the place in each day, each hour or smaller time interval throughout the year, and performs unified unit normalization processing on the data. After eliminating abnormal values, they are mapped into a fixed data format illumination statistical matrix. The matrix can be organized according to the two-dimensional structure of “date x time period”, to ensure that the subsequent time segment construction and angle deviation analysis module can be efficiently called. Finally, the system merges the geographic spatial data (longitude and latitude, altitude), orientation data, time zone data and annual illumination statistical matrix according to a unified data structure format to form a basic data set.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the data module comprises:

[0077] a position acquisition unit configured to obtain longitude, latitude and altitude of the soundproof screen, and determine orientation data of the soundproof screen relative to the sun, to obtain geographical position data;

[0078] a time zone fusion unit configured to determine, according to the geographical position data, a standard time zone data corresponding to an administrative region to which the soundproof screen belongs, to obtain a standard time parameter;

[0079] a light collection unit configured to obtain annual light values corresponding to the geographical position data, to obtain annual light statistical data;

[0080] a data fusion unit configured to aggregate the geographical position data, the standard time parameter and the annual light statistical data, to obtain a basic data set.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, the position acquisition unit is configured to obtain longitude, latitude and altitude of the soundproof screen, and determine orientation data of the soundproof screen relative to the sun, to obtain geographical position data, so as to accurately determine geographical region, terrain height difference and orientation information of the soundproof screen, and provide reliable geometric reference conditions for subsequent processes; the time zone fusion unit is configured to determine, according to the geographical position data, a standard time zone data corresponding to an administrative region to which the soundproof screen belongs, to obtain a standard time parameter, so as to ensure that time slices are synchronized with real movement of the sun, and provide accurate time reference for subsequent processes; the light collection unit is configured to obtain annual light values corresponding to the geographical position data, to obtain annual light statistical data, so as to provide light data basis for subsequent processes; and the data fusion unit is configured to aggregate the geographical position data, the standard time parameter and the annual light statistical data, to obtain a basic data set, so as to significantly improve data calling efficiency and horizontal compatibility, and provide complete data support for subsequent processes.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the slicing module comprises:

[0083] a time grouping unit configured to divide daily time into a plurality of continuous time periods according to the standard time parameter in the basic data set, to obtain time period index data;

[0084] a trajectory calculation unit configured to calculate azimuth and elevation angles of the sun in each time period according to the time period index data and the longitude and latitude data, to obtain a trajectory parameter group;

[0085] a space conversion unit configured to map the azimuth and elevation angles in the trajectory parameter group into a spatial incident direction vector, to obtain spatial direction data;

[0086] An incident construction unit is configured to combine the time period index data and the spatial direction data, and sort them in time period order to obtain a time period incident data set.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, the time grouping unit is configured to divide the daily time into a plurality of continuous time periods according to a standard time parameter in the basic data set to obtain time period index data, and to discretize the continuous solar movement process of the whole day into a plurality of controllable index time periods, so as to facilitate data correspondence and interpolation calculation in subsequent operations and avoid the precision loss caused by using whole-day average data; the trajectory calculation unit is configured to calculate the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the sun in each time period according to the time period index data and the latitude and longitude data to obtain a trajectory parameter group, so as to convert the abstract time period information into a specific solar position description and enable the system to clearly identify the solar movement trajectory of each time period; the spatial conversion unit is configured to map the azimuth angle and the elevation angle in the trajectory parameter group into a spatial incident direction vector to obtain spatial direction data, so as to realize the structural mapping from the two-dimensional angle description to the three-dimensional spatial vector and provide a unified direction expression system; and the incident construction unit is configured to combine the time period index data and the spatial direction data, and sort them in time period order to obtain a time period incident data set, so as to realize the standardized expression of the daily light change process and provide a data basis for subsequent operations.

[0088] The trajectory calculation unit is configured to calculate the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the sun in each time period according to the time period index data and the latitude and longitude data to obtain a trajectory parameter group, and specifically includes the following steps.

[0089] First, the time period index data divided each day is obtained, and each index corresponds to a time stamp. The time stamp, in combination with the date of the day and the standard time parameter, uniquely determines an absolute time point at a certain moment. The system, according to the time point, cooperates with the longitude and latitude information in the basic data set, as input parameters, transmits them into an astronomical position calculation model to calculate the position of the sun. Preferably, the astronomical calculation model adopts a solar position algorithm. The algorithm, according to the date, time, longitude, latitude and standard time zone input, can output multiple parameters such as the declination angle, hour angle, horizontal angle and azimuth angle of the sun at the time point.

[0090] In actual calculation, the following formula is used to construct an intermediate variable first: the solar hour angle is calculated , and the formula is , wherein is the local solar time, which is converted from the standard time, longitude correction and time zone difference; secondly, the solar declination angle is calculated, and the result is directly returned by the astronomical algorithm; then, the elevation angle and the azimuth angle are calculated using the spherical trigonometry formula. The elevation angle represents the height angle of the sunlight relative to the horizontal plane, and the calculation formula is: wherein is the geographic latitude, is the solar hour angle, is the solar declination angle; after the inverse sine of the elevation angle calculation result is taken, the elevation angle value of the sun is obtained . The azimuth angle is calculated by the following method: After obtaining , quadrant judgment is performed according to the time period (morning or afternoon) in which the sun is located, so as to ensure that the obtained azimuth angle falls within the range of 0°~360°. In this way, the process is repeated for each time period index, and the system will obtain the solar azimuth angle and the elevation angle corresponding thereto, and the angle results of all time periods are combined to form a trajectory parameter group.

[0091] The space conversion unit is configured to map the azimuth angle and the elevation angle in the trajectory parameter group into a spatial incident direction vector to obtain spatial direction data, and specifically includes:

[0092] First, the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of each time period are read and taken as two dimension variables in a spherical coordinate system. In order to perform space vector conversion, the system needs to convert the angle data in the spherical coordinate system into a unit vector representation in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. The conversion process follows the following spherical-to-rectangular formula: assuming that the incident direction of the sun in a certain time period is a unit vector , the projections of the unit vector on the three coordinate axes are , , , and the calculation formula is: , , wherein is the elevation angle, is the azimuth angle, both of which need to be converted from angle units to radians (rad) before being substituted into the formula for calculation. After the calculation is completed, each time period is combined as a set of three-dimensional unit vectors , i.e., the spatial incident direction of the sunlight in the time period, and all vectors are arranged in time sequence and form the spatial direction data.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the deviation module includes:

[0094] A posture setting unit is configured to determine a preset installation angle of the photovoltaic module in an initial state according to orientation data in the basic data set, and obtain installation posture data;

[0095] An irradiation deviation unit is configured to calculate an irradiation deviation degree according to the spatial incident direction vector of each time period in the time period incident data set and the installation posture data, and obtain irradiation deviation data;

[0096] A deviation encoding unit is configured to normalize the irradiation deviation data and map the irradiation deviation data into a two-dimensional deviation identification value, and obtain a time series deviation vector;

[0097] A deviation matrix unit is configured to organize the time series deviation vector into a row vector structure according to a time period sequence, and obtain a light irradiation deviation matrix.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the posture setting unit is configured to determine a preset installation angle of the photovoltaic module in an initial state according to orientation data in the basic data set, and obtain installation posture data, thereby establishing a reference posture angle of the photovoltaic module under the condition of no dynamic adjustment, and providing a reference object for subsequent processes; the irradiation deviation unit is configured to calculate an irradiation deviation degree according to the spatial incident direction vector of each time period in the time period incident data set and the installation posture data, and obtain irradiation deviation data, thereby completing the mapping from the spatial direction difference to the energy loss evaluation, accurately evaluating the energy loss interval caused by installation errors or structural limitations, and providing a scientific basis for angle adjustment decision-making; the deviation encoding unit is configured to normalize the irradiation deviation data and map the irradiation deviation data into a two-dimensional deviation identification value, and obtain a time series deviation vector, so that the deviation data has higher comparability and processing consistency, thereby laying a data foundation for dynamic adjustment path; and the deviation matrix unit is configured to organize the time series deviation vector into a row vector structure according to a time period sequence, and obtain a light irradiation deviation matrix, thereby realizing error trend tracking and pattern recognition for multiple days and multiple components.

[0099] The posture setting unit is configured to determine a preset installation angle of the photovoltaic module in an initial state according to orientation data in the basic data set, and obtain installation posture data, and specifically includes:

[0100] First, the orientation data of the position where the soundproof screen is located is obtained, and the orientation data is part of the basic data set, usually including geographic azimuth information (such as due south, 15° east, etc.), road direction information, and the included angle relationship between the soundproof screen and the road. The normal direction of the soundproof screen facing the sun is extracted by the system through the latitude and longitude information obtained by the position acquisition unit, combined with the road construction drawing or BIM model data. By analyzing the included angle between the normal direction of the soundproof screen and the due south direction, the system can determine the initial direction angle of the surface of the soundproof screen, and the direction angle is the preset main orientation angle parameter.

[0101] After the azimuth angle is determined, the system further combines the elevation data and the field installation support structure parameters to determine the tilt angle and the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module. For example, in a certain section, due to the ground longitudinal slope of 3% and the installation support angle of 15°, the system calculates the relationship between the soundproof screen installation reference surface and the elevation angle of the support, thereby correcting the actual tilt posture of the solar panel in space. At the same time, considering the elevation angle range of the annual average running track of the sun, the system initially sets the tilt angle to a range value matching the average annual sun elevation angle in the region, usually between 20° and 35°, and adjusts and optimizes according to the system target.

[0102] After the direction angle, the tilt angle and the tilt angle parameters are set, the system performs three-dimensional vectorization processing on the above three parameters, and converts them into a unit posture vector describing the orientation state of the photovoltaic module. The posture vector is represented by the spatial vector coordinates of the installation direction, for example, recorded in the form of a spherical coordinate system as , wherein is the radius, is the elevation angle, is the azimuth angle, the unit vector is used to describe the spatial posture of the photovoltaic module, and serves as a reference basis for subsequent incident light direction vector comparison.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the irradiation deviation degree unit comprises:

[0104] An irradiation deviation degree calculation unit is configured to perform vector dot product operation on the spatial incident direction vector and the normal unit vector of the photovoltaic module to obtain the incident angle of each time period; calculate the light weight factor of each time period according to the incident angle; perform nonlinear combination on the incident angle to obtain a composite angle term; calculate the influence of light intensity fluctuation of each time period according to the incident light intensity to obtain a light stability index term;

[0105] The light weight factor, the composite angle term and the light stability index term are fused to obtain a single time period score term; all time periods are summarized to construct a reference basis term; and the irradiation deviation degree is obtained according to the single time period score term and the reference basis term.

[0106] In this embodiment of the invention, the illumination deviation calculation unit is used to perform a vector dot product operation on the spatial incident direction vector and the normal unit vector of the photovoltaic module to obtain the incident angle for each time period; based on the incident angle, calculate the illumination weight factor for each time period to measure the contribution of the current angle to the actual illumination; perform a nonlinear combination of the incident angles to obtain a composite angle term, reflecting the actual offset such as shading and diffuse reflection; calculate the impact of illumination fluctuations in each time period based on the incident light intensity to obtain an illumination stability index term, reflecting whether a certain time period is in the peak or trough of illumination; fuse the illumination weight factor, composite angle term, and illumination stability index term to obtain a single time period score term; summarize all time periods to construct a reference benchmark term, constructing an all-weather evaluation baseline, which can avoid the evaluation result deviation caused by excessively strong or weak illumination in a single time period; obtain the illumination deviation degree based on the single time period score term and the reference benchmark term, transforming the illumination performance of each time period into a unified measurement index, and conducting consistent evaluation under different periods and different geographical locations.

[0107] The formula for calculating the irradiation deviation is as follows:

[0108] ,

[0109] in, For the first Irradiation deviation over a given time period and For indexing time periods, The total number of time periods. For the first The angle of incidence over a time period, = , For the first Spatial incident direction vector over a time interval Let be the normal unit vector of the photovoltaic module. For the first Light weighting factor for each time period , For the first The intensity of incident light over a given time period The maximum daily incident light intensity, The average daily incident light intensity. is a coefficient.

[0110] in, This is the incident angle nonlinear response weighting factor, used to adjust the impact of incident angles at large angles (especially close to 90°) on power generation capacity. It is reflected in the formula as follows: It is based on the original square cosine term. The compensation term introduced on the basis of the original formula makes the system more accurately describe the nonlinear effect of the actual energy absorption drop at large-angle incidence. In terms of physical meaning, reflects the nonlinear trend of the "incident light loss rule" between sunlight and the surface of the module: when the light is incident at a sharp angle, i.e. close to 90°, although the geometric angle changes little, the actual available irradiance loss intensifies due to problems such as increased reflection and decreased transmittance, and the system must additionally penalize these large-angle cases. The introduction of is precisely to increase the proportion of the angle loss term in the high-angle segment, avoiding overestimating the power generation capacity. It is usually adjusted in the interval [0.1, 0.5], and the recommended initial value is 0.3.

[0111] is the light intensity fluctuation penalty factor, which is used to exponentially penalize and modulate the light instability, which is reflected in the exponential term in the formula, which is used to reduce the interference of abnormal light conditions on the deviation degree judgment result. In terms of physical meaning, The design logic of is to suppress the evaluation deviation caused by abnormally strong or weak light, especially in cloudy, foggy or near-shading areas, where the light intensity has a large degree of dispersion. At this time, the system should not take the high performance of a single period as the optimal representative, but should be measured based on stability. The exponential term penalty factor can naturally suppress the weight of periods with a larger deviation from the average intensity, so that the system pays more attention to the normally stable irradiation area. The value of is usually in the range of [1, 10], and the larger the value, the stronger the penalty. For areas with poor light environment stability (such as mountainous areas and cloudy areas), a higher value should be selected to enhance the system's sensitivity to abnormal fluctuations. The system can also dynamically adjust the value of based on the standard deviation of the light data, so as to adapt to different climate and geographical conditions.

[0112] is the light direction contribution enhancement coefficient, which appears in the definition of : The core purpose is to enhance the expression of the influence of light direction on the receiving performance of the module, so that the matching degree of solar irradiation in a certain direction and the orientation of the module has more evaluation weight. The design is derived from a real physical phenomenon: when the sun is close to normal incidence ( is large) or at a low angle of incidence ( is large), the energy distribution, reflectivity, and shading sensitivity of sunlight will change significantly, and the receiving capacity of the module will also fluctuate. ​By adjusting the absolute value of the difference between the cosine and sine terms, the system can generate a weighted amplification effect on the orientation matching, thereby improving the sensitivity and discrimination capability of attitude control. The recommended value range is [0.5, 2]. It is suggested to make appropriate adjustments based on factors such as the component surface material, reflectivity, and shading environment. For high-reflectivity glass components or areas with complex shading (such as road corners), a higher value can be used. The value is increased to amplify the influence of incident angle direction matching; in open, unobstructed environments, it can be appropriately reduced. value.

[0113] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle module includes:

[0114] The deviation extraction unit is used to extract the illumination deviation degree of each time period from the illumination deviation matrix row by row to obtain the deviation sequence data group;

[0115] The correction unit is used to compress and amplify each irradiation deviation according to the deviation sequence data set to obtain the angle correction factor sequence.

[0116] The attitude update unit is used to match the installation attitude data with the angle correction factor sequence to determine the target attitude angle for each time period and obtain attitude adjustment data.

[0117] The data aggregation unit is used to arrange the attitude adjustment data in chronological order according to time periods to obtain the angle adjustment data.

[0118] In this embodiment of the invention, the deviation extraction unit is used to extract the illumination deviation degree of each time period from the illumination deviation matrix row by row to obtain the deviation sequence data group, which completes the mapping of illumination error from two-dimensional spatial distribution to time series dimension, and is a necessary input for subsequent dynamic correction and predictive modeling; the correction unit is used to compress and amplify each illumination deviation degree according to the deviation sequence data group to obtain the angle correction factor sequence, which reduces the system's over-response to instantaneous abnormal deviations and avoids unnecessary frequent attitude changes; the attitude update unit is used to match the installation attitude data with the angle correction factor sequence to determine the target attitude angle of each time period, and obtain attitude adjustment data, which establishes a mapping from error data to physical adjustment behavior, enabling the system to generate executable attitude adjustment angles in real time according to illumination mismatch, with clear input and output logic; the data aggregation unit is used to arrange the attitude adjustment data in the order of time periods to obtain angle adjustment data, which provides an executable basis for subsequent dynamic adjustment.

[0119] The correction unit is used to compress and amplify each irradiation deviation based on the deviation sequence data set to obtain an angle correction factor sequence, specifically including:

[0120] The system first receives a set of deviation sequence data output by the deviation extraction unit. The deviation sequence is a set of irradiation deviation vectors arranged sequentially according to continuous time periods throughout the day, denoted as... ,in Indicates the first The illumination deviation of the photovoltaic modules within a specific time period is analyzed. To avoid the system becoming unresponsive due to excessively small illumination deviations or experiencing abrupt attitude adjustments due to excessively large deviations, this step introduces a nonlinear mapping function to dynamically compress or amplify the illumination deviation. This ensures that small deviations receive enhanced response, while large deviations are appropriately constrained, guaranteeing the flexibility and stability of subsequent angle adjustments. The system preferably uses the hyperbolic tangent function (tanh) as the mapping reference for the compression and amplification function, while also introducing two adjustable coefficients. and The correction magnitude and response sensitivity are controlled separately, and the processing formulas are shown below: ,in Indicates the corresponding number Angle correction factor for each time period This is a scaling factor that adjusts the output amplitude. It is used to set the maximum angular offset response range, and its value is a positive real number. This is a sensitivity adjustment factor used to amplify or compress the response slope of the input deviation; its value ranges from positive real numbers. This processing method can produce a rapid response boost when the input deviation is close to zero, and enters the saturation region when the input deviation approaches its extreme value, limiting the output correction amplitude, thereby maintaining continuous angle control and providing anti-interference capabilities. Finally, the system calculates the angle correction factor for all time periods. The combination forms an angle correction factor sequence.

[0121] The attitude update unit is used to match the installation attitude data with the angle correction factor sequence to determine the target attitude angle for each time period, thereby obtaining attitude adjustment data. Specifically, it includes:

[0122] The system is based on the initial angle attitude of the actual installation (i.e., installation attitude data), combined with the angle correction factor sequence calculated in the previous step. Generate target attitude angles for different time periods each day. Install attitude data and record it as... This angle is the initial installation angle set by the photovoltaic module at the time of manufacture or deployment based on road orientation and structural conditions; it is an immutable structural foundation value. The system calculates the target angle for each time period using the following formula: ,in, Indicates the first The target attitude angle over a time period. The angle correction factor corresponding to the time period is obtained, the method realizes the expansion of the photovoltaic module angle from the fixed type to the dynamic adjustment type, enables the system to make a small adjustment according to the current time period light deviation state under the premise of keeping the structure safe, and realizes the real-time alignment of the light direction and the component posture. If the system has a dual-axis or multi-axis adjustment capability, the posture updating unit can simultaneously process multiple direction components (such as the pitch angle and the yaw angle), and respectively match the corresponding correction factors, so as to calculate the multi-dimensional posture adjustment value. In order to ensure that the posture angle adjustment is within the permitted range of the structure, the system can introduce an angle limit function in this step to perform boundary checking, so as to avoid exceeding the mechanical limiting range.

[0123] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the interval module comprises:

[0124] An extreme value extraction unit is configured to extract target posture angles of each time period from the angle adjustment data, identify extreme values of the target posture angles, and obtain adjustment range data.

[0125] A structure parameter analysis unit is configured to extract a maximum adjustable angle, a minimum allowable angle, and an adjustment precision value from the physical structure angle data of the soundproof screen, and obtain a structure constraint parameter set.

[0126] A matching judgment unit is configured to perform interval overlap on the adjustment range data and the structure constraint parameter set, filter out angle values that meet the structure limit, and obtain adjustment interval data.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present application, the extreme value extraction unit is configured to extract target posture angles of each time period from the angle adjustment data, identify extreme values of the target posture angles, and obtain adjustment range data. The maximum posture angle and the minimum posture angle required for adjustment of the photovoltaic module in the all-weather operation period are extracted, thereby providing a data basis for subsequent comparison with the physical limit of the structure. The structure parameter analysis unit is configured to extract a maximum adjustable angle, a minimum allowable angle, and an adjustment precision value from the physical structure angle data of the soundproof screen, and obtain a structure constraint parameter set. The angle adjustment strategy is ensured to be executable under the physical structure constraint, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the theoretical optimal solution cannot be actually executed. The matching judgment unit is configured to perform interval overlap on the adjustment range data and the structure constraint parameter set, filter out angle values that meet the structure limit, and obtain adjustment interval data. The adjustment interval data output not only meets the light angle optimization demand, but also meets the limitation condition of the physical structure.

[0128] The matching judgment unit is configured to perform interval overlap on the adjustment range data and the structure constraint parameter set, filter out angle values that meet the structure limit, and obtain adjustment interval data. Specifically, the matching judgment unit comprises:

[0129] The system first receives adjustment range data, which includes the maximum and minimum values of the target attitude angle in multiple time periods throughout the day, denoted as and respectively. Meanwhile, the set of structure constraint parameters includes the maximum angle allowed by the structure of the soundproof screen body, the minimum allowable angle , and the adjustment precision . All three are measured in the same unit of angle to ensure consistency and accuracy of the interval comparison operation.

[0130] After the above data reception and standardization processing, the system performs an interval overlap judgment operation. The judgment steps include performing an interval intersection operation on the target attitude angle interval and the structure allowable interval . If the target angle interval is completely contained in the structure limit interval, the target angle interval is directly retained as the adjustment interval data; if the target angle interval partially exceeds the boundary, the exceeding part is truncated, and the and , and are taken as the smaller and larger values, respectively, to generate a corrected effective angle interval. If the target interval does not overlap with the structure interval at all, the system issues an adjustment failure prompt and outputs an empty adjustment interval or enters an error handling process to re-correct the target angle value.

[0131] To further enhance the execution feasibility of the adjustment interval, the system performs step correction on the corrected interval data. Based on the adjustment precision in the set of structure constraint parameters, the system performs a discretization operation on the interval according to the formula to construct a sequence of executable attitude angle values that satisfy the precision constraint. Here, is a non-negative integer until is not greater than , and are the effective minimum boundary and maximum boundary of the target attitude angle interval when the target attitude angle interval overlaps with the structure constraint angle interval. This step operation discretizes the continuous angle interval into a finite set of attitude angles that can be executed by the mechanical system, facilitating the generation and execution of attitude control instructions by subsequent modules. After the above operation is completed, the system outputs the final generated adjustment angle value sequence as the adjustment interval data.

[0132] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the balancing module includes:

[0133] a difference calculation unit for pairwise differencing the target attitude angles of consecutive time periods in the adjustment interval data to obtain an angle change sequence;

[0134] a frequency statistical unit configured to count non-zero difference values in the angle change sequence, determine the angle switching frequency in a day, and obtain the change frequency;

[0135] an amplitude evaluation unit configured to take absolute values of each difference value in the angle change sequence, calculate the root mean square of the absolute values, and obtain the amplitude fluctuation;

[0136] an angle balance value unit configured to calculate the angle balance value according to the change frequency and the amplitude fluctuation, and obtain the angle change balance data.

[0137] In the embodiment of the present application, the difference calculation unit is configured to perform pairwise difference on the target posture angles of the continuous time periods in the adjustment interval data to obtain the angle change sequence, thereby realizing quantitative extraction of the change trend in the angle adjustment sequence and providing accurate basic data for subsequent calculation of the frequency and the amplitude fluctuation; the frequency statistical unit is configured to count the non-zero difference values in the angle change sequence, determine the angle switching frequency in a day, and obtain the change frequency, thereby quantifying the adjustment frequency of the system in the actual operation process and evaluating whether the response strategy of the system to the light change is too sensitive or delayed; the amplitude evaluation unit is configured to take absolute values of each difference value in the angle change sequence, calculate the root mean square of the absolute values, and obtain the amplitude fluctuation, thereby accurately reflecting the intensity of the posture change between the time periods in the angle adjustment process of the system; and the angle balance value unit is configured to calculate the angle balance value according to the change frequency and the amplitude fluctuation, and obtain the angle change balance data, thereby realizing overall quality control of the angle change behavior and avoiding deviation judgment caused by a single index.

[0138] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the angle balance value unit comprises:

[0139] an angle balance value calculation unit configured to calculate the angle change amplitude of adjacent time periods according to the target posture angle, obtain a square term, calculate the mean value of the target posture angle in a day, obtain an angle weight factor, construct an angle deviation penalty term according to the square term and the irradiation deviation degree, and construct a regulation boundary penalty term according to the critical value of the target posture angle and the boundary of the adjustment interval.

[0140] The angle balance value calculation unit is further configured to calculate the stability of the long-time deviation of the photovoltaic module from the average posture according to the mean value of the target posture angle in a day, and obtain a posture stability index term.

[0141] The angle balance value calculation unit is further configured to fuse the angle weight factor, the angle deviation penalty term, the regulation boundary penalty term, and the posture stability index term to obtain a single-segment balance term, and aggregate the single-segment balance terms of all the time periods to obtain the angle balance value.

[0142] In the embodiment of the present application, the angle balance value calculation unit is used to calculate the adjacent time period angle change amplitude according to the target attitude angle, obtain the square term, the system amplifies the numerical influence of the angle sharp change section, ensures that the dynamic adjustment process is more smooth and stable; calculate the mean value of the all-day target attitude angle, obtain the angle weight factor, effectively identify and punish those schemes that deviate from the average attitude for a long time; construct the angle deviation penalty term according to the square term and the irradiation deviation, avoid the extreme scheme of adjusting much but invalid or adjusting little but inefficient, effectively balance the relationship between the power generation performance and the adjustment cost; calculate the critical value of the target attitude angle and the adjustment interval boundary according to the range of the adjustment interval, obtain the adjustment boundary penalty term, ensure the safety and long-term executability of the attitude angle scheme; calculate the stability of the photovoltaic module deviating from the average attitude for a long time according to the mean value of the all-day target attitude angle, obtain the attitude stability index term, provide the basis for the continuity of attitude control and the judgment of adjustment rhythm, which can assist in screening out the angle sequence with sharp fluctuations and lack of overall regularity; fuse the angle weight factor, the angle deviation penalty term, the adjustment boundary penalty term and the attitude stability index term, obtain the single section balance term, unify multiple angle quality indicators into one-dimensional evaluation results; summarize the single section balance terms of all time periods, obtain the angle balance value, quantify the burden degree of a scheme in dynamic adjustment, and provide high-quality input for subsequent execution.

[0143] The calculation formula of the angle balance value is:

[0144] ,

[0145] Wherein, is the angle balance value, is the index of the time period, is the total number of time periods, is the angle weight factor, , is the target attitude angle of the first time period, is the mean value of the all-day target attitude angle, is the maximum value in the all-day target attitude angle, is the change amplitude of the target attitude angle of the first time period, , is the target attitude angle of the first time period, is the irradiation deviation of the first time period, is the difference between the target attitude angle and the adjustment interval boundary of the first time period, , is the lower limit value of the adjustment interval, is a lower limit value of the adjustment interval, is a range value of the adjustment interval, , is a coefficient.

[0146] is a coefficient, is a coefficient of the adjustment boundary penalty term , used to amplify or compress the impact of whether the adjustment angle is close to the boundary interval, in the angle adjustment process, if the target angle tends to the upper limit or the lower limit of the adjustment interval (i.e. or ), it means that although the adjustment strategy may be effective in a short time, it may cause fatigue stress to the actuator, reduce the mechanical life, or trigger the limit error, so the boundary penalty factor needs to be introduced for control, the amplification degree of the penalty factor is controlled, and the specific value can be set according to the redundancy of the system and the fatigue resistance of the execution device, if the system structure is compact and the boundary space is small, the value range is 3-5, the boundary penalty degree is increased; if the structural strength is sufficient or the adjustment device has a buffer mechanism, it can be reduced to 1-2.

[0147] is used to control the growth rate of the exponential term , that is, when the target attitude angle significantly deviates from the average value of the whole day , the corresponding unbalanced penalty degree increases significantly with . Therefore characterizes the sensitivity of the system to the deviation of the attitude from the average value, and reflects the tolerance of the system to the long-term skewed operation, if the system needs to maintain the attitude concentration (such as the dependence of the battery assembly on the attitude consistency), the value range is 5-10, the concentration control is enhanced, if a large range of attitude changes is allowed to follow the sun's trajectory, the value range is 1-3, the deviation is tolerated, and the specific value is related to the geographical latitude where the soundproof screen is located (which affects the amplitude of the sun's path), the structural characteristics of the component (such as whether the support is fixed), and the electrical tracking accuracy requirement.

[0148] is a coefficient in the angle weight factor , used to adjust the amplification effect caused by the deviation of the attitude angle from the average value of the whole day, which can be regarded as a control factor of the concentration adjustment. When the system hopes that the attitude angle changes as much as possible around the average value of the whole day (i.e. the attitude angle does not fluctuate too much between different time periods), the value of should be appropriately increased to amplify the penalty caused by the deviation; on the contrary, in some application scenarios with high requirements for attitude adjustment flexibility or significant changes in sunlight environment, the value of ​The system is more tolerant to the deviation of the average attitude angle, thus allowing a more free angle dynamic range. If the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is highly sensitive to the incident angle fluctuation, for example, using a fixed-focus high-efficiency module or a light-collecting photovoltaic structure, The value range is 2-4, which strengthens the guidance of the attitude distribution around the average angle; and when a common multi-crystalline silicon panel or a driving structure with a slow response time of electrically controlled adjustment is used, a smaller value can be set. The value range is 0.5-1.5, so as to avoid control errors and hardware losses caused by frequent adjustment.

[0149] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the control module comprises:

[0150] The path construction unit is configured to set the target attitude angle of each time period in the angle adjustment data as a path node, and then perform traversal evaluation on each path node according to the amplitude fluctuation and the angle balance value, so as to obtain a set of angle switching paths.

[0151] The comprehensive fluctuation unit is configured to calculate the change frequency of each candidate angle switching path and the fitting degree of the amplitude fluctuation and the angle balance value according to the set of angle switching paths, so as to obtain a comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree.

[0152] The path screening unit is configured to screen an angle switching path with the lowest comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree from the set of angle switching paths according to the comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree, so as to obtain a target adjustment path.

[0153] The instruction driving unit is configured to construct a corresponding attitude control data set according to the target attitude angle of each time period in the target adjustment path, generate a control instruction, and drive the photovoltaic module to perform dynamic angle adjustment.

[0154] In the embodiment of the present application, the path construction unit is used to set the target posture angle of each time period in the angle adjustment data as a path node, and then traverse and evaluate each path node according to the amplitude fluctuation and the angle balance value, to obtain an angle switching path set, so as to realize the construction conversion from a static posture angle set to a dynamic path sequence, so that the subsequent control module can perform overall evaluation according to a complete time-varying path instead of a single angle point; the comprehensive fluctuation unit is used to calculate the fitting degree of the change frequency and the amplitude fluctuation of each candidate angle switching path and the angle balance value according to the angle switching path set, to obtain a comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree, which quantifies the adjustment pressure and energy consumption level that the system may experience under different paths; the path screening unit is used to screen an angle switching path with the lowest comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree from the angle switching path set according to the comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree, to obtain a target adjustment path, which avoids pseudo-optimal paths that have high short-term power generation efficiency but are unstable in long-term operation; and the instruction driving unit is used to construct a corresponding posture control data set according to the target posture angle of each time period in the target adjustment path, to generate a control instruction and drive the photovoltaic module to perform dynamic angle adjustment, so as to realize closed-loop control from information calculation to mechanical execution.

[0155] The path construction unit is used to set the target posture angle of each time period in the angle adjustment data as a path node, and then traverse and evaluate each path node according to the amplitude fluctuation and the angle balance value, to obtain an angle switching path set, and specifically includes:

[0156] First, the angle adjustment data is obtained from the angle module, which records the target posture angle value of each time period in a day in a time sequence manner. The system regards each time period in the angle adjustment data as an independent node, and takes the corresponding target posture angle as the node attribute, to construct a complete time path node sequence. While constructing the path node sequence, the system records the node interval difference between each time period, and calculates the initial amplitude fluctuation sequence of the angle change between adjacent nodes. In order to further construct multiple selectable paths for subsequent screening, the system adopts a path expansion strategy, that is, a reasonable range of perturbation angle set is generated around the target posture angle value of each time period. The perturbation range is set by the adjustment tolerance parameter in the angle adjustment data, and the perturbation step is determined in combination with the minimum adjustment unit allowed in the physical structure constraint. By introducing the perturbation angle set for each time period, the system generates multiple feasible angle combination sequences in the time sequence path by using the depth-first traversal or dynamic programming method, to obtain a path set composed of multiple angle switching paths. Each path maintains the same overall time sequence, and has a complete target posture angle set.

[0157] The comprehensive fluctuation unit is configured to calculate the fitting degree of the change frequency and the amplitude fluctuation of each candidate angle switching path according to the angle switching path set and the angle balance value, and obtain a comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0158] First, the target posture angle between consecutive time periods in each path is differentiated to obtain an angle change sequence corresponding to the path, which is used to count the change frequency of each path, i.e., the number of time periods in which the angle change value is not zero, and the root mean square value of each change value, which is used to characterize the overall angle switching amplitude fluctuation characteristics. To enhance the accuracy of the dynamic adjustment stability judgment, the system further compares and analyzes the angle change sequence of each path with the angle balance value of the corresponding time period, adopts a weighted fitting algorithm, and evaluates the matching degree between the path change characteristics and the system balance requirement. The fitting algorithm adopts weighted average fitting, and the system uses the weighted combination result of the path change frequency, change amplitude and angle balance fitting value as the comprehensive score basis to construct a comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree index, which is used to reflect the dynamic control burden and structural influence degree that the path may produce in actual execution.

[0159] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and refinements can be made, which should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power generation system characterized by, The system comprises: a data module for obtaining longitude and latitude data, altitude data and orientation data of the soundproof screen, and obtaining time zone data and annual illumination statistical data of the region where the soundproof screen is located, to obtain a basic data set; a slicing module for dividing daily time into multiple time periods, recording the incident angle of sunlight at different spatial angles in each time period, to obtain a time period incident data set; a deviation module for calculating the illumination deviation of the photovoltaic module in each time period at a preset installation angle according to the basic data set and the time period incident data set, to obtain an illumination deviation matrix; an angle module for adjusting the illumination angle of the photovoltaic module in each time period according to the illumination deviation matrix, to obtain angle adjustment data; an interval module for extracting an adjustable angle range according to the angle adjustment data, and comparing it with the physical structure angle data of the soundproof screen, to obtain adjustment interval data; a balancing module for calculating the angle balancing value by statistically analyzing the frequency and amplitude fluctuation of different adjustment angles within a day according to the adjustment interval data, to obtain angle change balancing data; a control module for screening an optimal angle switching path according to the angle change balancing data, generating a control instruction, and driving the photovoltaic module to perform dynamic angle adjustment.

2. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power generation system according to claim 1, wherein, The data module comprises: a position acquisition unit for obtaining the longitude, latitude and altitude of the soundproof screen, and determining the orientation data thereof relative to the sun, to obtain geographic location data; a time zone fusion unit for determining the standard time zone data of the administrative region to which the soundproof screen belongs according to the geographic location data, to obtain standard time parameters; an illumination collection unit for obtaining the illumination value of each time period of each day throughout the year that matches the geographic location data, to obtain annual illumination statistical data; a data fusion unit for summarizing the geographic location data, standard time parameters and annual illumination statistical data, to obtain a basic data set.

3. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power generation system according to claim 2, wherein, The slicing module comprises: a time grouping unit for dividing daily time into multiple continuous time periods according to the standard time parameters in the basic data set, to obtain time period index data; a trajectory calculation unit for calculating the azimuth and elevation of the sun in each time period according to the time period index data and the longitude and latitude data, to obtain a trajectory parameter set; a space conversion unit for mapping the azimuth and elevation in the trajectory parameter set into a spatial incident direction vector, to obtain spatial direction data; an incident construction unit for combining the time period index data and the spatial direction data, and sorting them in time period order, to obtain a time period incident data set.

4. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power system according to claim 3, wherein, The deviation module comprises: a posture setting unit for determining the preset installation angle of the photovoltaic module in the initial state according to the orientation data in the basic data set, to obtain installation posture data; an illumination deviation unit for calculating the illumination deviation according to the spatial incident direction vector of each time period in the time period incident data set and the installation posture data, to obtain illumination offset data; a deviation encoding unit for normalizing the illumination offset data and mapping it into a two-dimensional deviation identification value, to obtain a time series deviation vector; a deviation matrix unit for organizing the time series deviation vector into a row vector structure in time period order, to obtain an illumination deviation matrix.

5. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power system according to claim 4, wherein, The irradiation deviation degree unit comprises: An irradiation deviation degree calculation unit is configured to perform a vector dot product operation on a spatial incident direction vector and a normal unit vector of the photovoltaic module to obtain an incident angle of each time period; calculate an irradiation weight factor of each time period according to the incident angle; perform a nonlinear combination on the incident angle to obtain a composite angle term; and calculate an influence of irradiation fluctuation of each time period according to an incident light intensity to obtain an irradiation stability index term; The irradiation weight factor, the composite angle term and the irradiation stability index term are fused to obtain a single-time-period score term; all time periods are summarized to construct a reference benchmark term; and the single-time-period score term and the reference benchmark term are used to obtain the irradiation deviation degree.

6. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power system according to claim 5, wherein, The angle module comprises: A deviation extraction unit is configured to extract the irradiation deviation degree of each time period from the irradiation deviation matrix row by row to obtain a deviation sequence data set; A correction unit is configured to perform compression and amplification processing on each irradiation deviation degree according to the deviation sequence data set to obtain an angle correction factor sequence; A posture updating unit is configured to match the installation posture data with the angle correction factor sequence to determine a target posture angle of each time period and obtain posture adjustment data; A data summarizing unit is configured to arrange the posture adjustment data in a time period sequence to obtain angle adjustment data.

7. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power system according to claim 6, wherein, The interval module comprises: An extreme value extraction unit is configured to extract the target posture angle of each time period from the angle adjustment data and identify an extreme value of the target posture angle to obtain adjustment range data; A structure parameter analysis unit is configured to extract a maximum adjustable angle, a minimum allowable angle and an adjustment precision value from the physical structure angle data of the soundproof screen to obtain a structure constraint parameter set; A matching judgment unit is configured to perform interval overlap on the adjustment range data and the structure constraint parameter set to filter out angle values that meet the structure limit and obtain adjustment interval data.

8. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power system according to claim 7, wherein, The equalization module comprises: A difference calculation unit is configured to perform pairwise difference on the target posture angles of consecutive time periods in the adjustment interval data to obtain an angle change sequence; A frequency statistical unit is configured to count non-zero difference values in the angle change sequence to determine an angle switching frequency within a day and obtain a change frequency; An amplitude evaluation unit is configured to take an absolute value of each difference value in the angle change sequence and calculate a root mean square to obtain an amplitude fluctuation; An angle equalization value unit is configured to calculate an angle equalization value according to the change frequency and the amplitude fluctuation to obtain angle change equalization data.

9. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power system according to claim 8, wherein, The angle equalization value unit comprises: An angle equalization value calculation unit is configured to calculate a square term according to the target posture angle, calculate an angle weight factor according to a mean value of the target posture angle throughout the day, and construct an angle deviation penalty term according to the square term and the irradiation deviation degree; A regulation boundary penalty term is obtained by calculating a critical value of the target posture angle and a regulation boundary according to a range of the adjustment interval; and a posture stability index term is obtained by calculating a stability of the photovoltaic module deviating from an average posture for a long time according to the mean value of the target posture angle throughout the day. The angle weight factor, the angle deviation penalty term, the adjustment boundary penalty term and the posture stability index term are fused to obtain a single period balance term; and the single period balance terms of all time periods are summarized to obtain an angle balance value.

10. A photovoltaic highway sound barrier power generation system according to claim 9, wherein, The control module comprises: A path construction unit is configured to set the target posture angle of each time period in the angle adjustment data as a path node, and to perform traversal evaluation on each path node according to the amplitude fluctuation and the angle balance value to obtain an angle switching path set; A comprehensive fluctuation unit is configured to calculate the change frequency of each candidate angle switching path and the fitting degree of the amplitude fluctuation and the angle balance value according to the angle switching path set to obtain a comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree; A path screening unit is configured to screen an angle switching path with the lowest comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree from the angle switching path set according to the comprehensive dynamic fluctuation degree to obtain a target adjustment path; An instruction driving unit is configured to construct a corresponding posture control data set according to the target posture angle of each time period in the target adjustment path, to generate a control instruction, and to drive the photovoltaic module to perform dynamic angle adjustment.

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