Dual-mode new energy power grid communication network system and power transaction method based on same

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of new energy power grids, and provides a dual-mode new energy power grid communication network system and a power transaction method based on the system.The dual-mode new energy power grid communication network system comprises a master station, CCO side equipment and STA end equipment, dual-mode communication of HPLC and Wi-SUN is adopted between the master station and the CCO side equipment, between the CCO side equipment and between the CCO side equipment and the corresponding end equipment, the STA end devices under each CCO side device are interconnected through a Wi-SUN (Wireless Subscriber Identity), so that a fully interconnected network topology is formed; according to the network topology, a Wi-SUN wireless communication channel and an HPLC wired communication channel are constructed among a master station, CCO side equipment and STA end equipment on the physical level; a mesh multi-hop mode is adopted in a data link layer to bypass an obstacle; iPv6 is introduced into the network level, so that the master station, the CCO side equipment and the STA side equipment all have corresponding IPv6 addresses, and interconnection and intercommunication among new energy power grid equipment are supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy power grids, and mainly relates to a dual-mode new energy power grid communication network system and an electricity trading method based on the system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid construction of power grids, the number of power generation equipment, energy storage equipment, and power consumption facilities has increased dramatically, and their distribution has become more widespread. Simultaneously, with the proliferation of new energy facilities, the number of facilities capable of providing power within distribution networks has continued to grow. Distribution networks are no longer simply transmitting power generated by power plants to power consumption equipment, but are gradually transforming from traditional receiving-end networks to active distribution networks with proactive control capabilities and multi-source coordination. Currently, the scheduling method used in distribution networks is mostly centralized, requiring the collection of global information from the distribution network and centralized calculations at a dispatch center. However, in existing distribution networks, power generation equipment, energy storage equipment, and power consumption facilities belong to different stakeholders. Information such as these facilities' cost parameters and output limits is confidential and inaccessible to the dispatch center. This makes the traditional centralized scheduling model unsuitable for new distribution networks. Hierarchical centralized scheduling methods, on the other hand, require the collaboration of a concentrator and a control center. However, the coordination algorithm between the concentrator and the control center is complex, and concentrator deployment and management are also engineering challenges.

[0003] Currently, the most suitable method for mobilizing power distribution networks is distributed scheduling. Unlike centralized scheduling, distributed scheduling does not require global information collection. Instead, it achieves system coordination and optimization through simple communication and minimal computation between distributed entities. This eliminates the system's reliance on a central controller, improves reliability, and protects the privacy of each distributed entity's production information.

[0004] However, there are still bottlenecks in the information communication between distributed entities, such as Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1, traditional PLC power grids are all tree-like structures. STA-side devices cannot fully interconnect and can only communicate through CCOs. However, due to different communication protocol restrictions in the communication link, message transmission is hindered, making it impossible for each device to communicate with each other, which affects the implementation of distributed scheduling in active distribution networks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-mode new energy power grid communication network system. In order to solve the problem that the communication method between traditional power grid entities cannot achieve complete interconnection between the entities in the power grid, a power trading method based on the dual-mode new energy power grid communication network system is also provided, which automatically selects the appropriate blockchain protocol to achieve safe and efficient power trading.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a dual-mode new energy power grid communication network system, comprising a master station, a CCO edge device, and a STA end device. Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication is adopted between the master station and the CCO edge device, between the CCO edge devices, and between the CCO edge device and the corresponding end device. The STA end devices under each CCO edge device are interconnected via Wi-SUN, thereby forming a fully interconnected network topology. At the physical layer, this network topology establishes dual channels of Wi-SUN wireless communication and HPLC wired communication between the master station, CCO edge device, and STA end devices. At the data link layer, a mesh multi-hop approach is used to bypass obstacles. At the network layer, IPv6 is introduced so that the master station, CCO edge device, and STA end devices all have corresponding IPv6 addresses.

[0007] Furthermore, the use of Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication is achieved by setting up a Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module, which includes a Wi-SUN RF communication module for wireless communication, a Wi-SUN RF ranging module for wireless ranging, an HPLC communication module for wired communication, an HPLC ranging module for measuring the length of the power line, and an MCU for controlling the above modules.

[0008] Furthermore, the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module also includes a positioning module, which is used to perform positioning based on the distance between the Wi-SUN RF ranging module and the three nodes with known coordinates, where the nodes are CCO edge devices or STA end devices.

[0009] Furthermore, the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module also includes a ranging module, which is used to measure the straight-line distance and / or power line length between two nodes. When the two nodes are distributed across different substations, the power line length between the two nodes is measured by the HPLC ranging module, and the straight-line distance between the two nodes is equal to the power line length between the two nodes or calculated by using the coordinates of the two nodes. When the two nodes are located in the same substation, if there is no obstacle between the two nodes, the power line length between the two nodes is measured by the HPLC measurement module, and the straight-line distance between the two points is measured by the Wi-SUN RF ranging module. When the two nodes are located in the same substation, if there is an obstacle between the two nodes, the power line length between the two nodes is measured by the HPLC measurement module, and the straight-line distance between the two nodes is corrected by the power line length based on the obstruction. Alternatively, the positioning module is used to locate the two nodes separately to obtain node coordinates, and the straight-line distance between the two nodes is calculated using the two node coordinates.

[0010] Furthermore, the system is also used to construct a power topology map based on the positioning results of the positioning module and the ranging results of the ranging module. The construction process includes: 1) Synchronize the clocks of each node and obtain the corresponding map based on the scene where the node is located; 2) Mark the node location on the corresponding map based on the positioning results of the positioning module on each node. Mark the straight-line distance between nodes and the length of the power line on the corresponding map based on the ranging results of the ranging module to obtain a local power topology map; 3) Summarize local power topology maps and construct a global power topology map.

[0011] Furthermore, both the CCO edge device and the STA end device are equipped with a collaborative capability layer and a basic capability layer. The basic capability layer includes the Wi-SUN protocol stack that supports Wi-SUN wireless communication and HPLC wired communication, IPv6 and native application UDP-IP / TCP protocols that support large packets, and a mesh network that supports multi-hop ad hoc networking. The collaborative capability layer includes a clock synchronization module for synchronizing the master station clock signal, a ranging module for measuring the straight-line distance and power line distance between devices, and a power map topology module for generating a power topology map. The power map topology module includes a Wi-SUN RF ranging module and an HPLC ranging module.

[0012] Furthermore, the STA end device includes a user-level STA end device that directly interacts with the user and a branch-level STA end device for connecting the user-level STA end device with the CCO edge device. The collaborative capability layer on the user-level STA end device also includes an autonomous collaboration module that supports user-level STA devices to perform autonomous collaboration and an electric power trading smart contract module that supports autonomous electric power trading between STA devices.

[0013] Furthermore, a collaborative application layer is also provided on the user-level STA terminal device, which collects user instructions through the APP deployed on the user-level STA terminal device, and calls the corresponding modules selected by the collaborative capability layer and the basic capability layer to execute the instructions according to the collected user instructions.

[0014] A power trading method based on a dual-mode new energy power grid communication network system, comprising the following steps: 1) Set the STA end device that directly interacts with the user as a light node and a transaction node, the master station as a full node, the CCO edge device and other STA end devices as transit nodes, and use Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication between full nodes and transit nodes, as well as within transit nodes. Wi-SUN wireless communication is used between light nodes. 2) Select a lightweight blockchain protocol suite based on the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication rate. When the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication rate is less than the minimum threshold, a lightweight blockchain protocol based on a trusted intermediary is deployed on the light node, and only the historical transaction ledger is stored in the full node. When the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication rate is between the minimum and maximum thresholds, a lightweight blockchain protocol based on recursive zero-knowledge proof is deployed on the light node, using recursive zero-knowledge proof to replace the entire blockchain transaction history. When the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication rate is greater than the maximum threshold, a lightweight blockchain protocol based on small proof is deployed on the light node, and the block header proof of the historical transaction ledger is stored in the light node. 3) Both parties to the transaction verify the legitimacy of the other party. If both parties are legal, the electricity transaction is completed.

[0015] Furthermore, the recursive zero-knowledge proof uses a prover to verify the authenticity of the transaction contract and declare the transaction legal for the real contract, and uses a verifier to verify the authenticity of the declaration. The prover is set in the master station or external system, and the verifier is set in the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module corresponding to the STA end device with which the user directly interacts. The Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module is used to establish Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication between power equipment.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: as an improved invention, the present invention adopts Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication between the master station and the CCO edge device, between the CCO edge device, and between the CCO edge device and the corresponding end device. Each STA end device under each CCO edge device is interconnected through Wi-SUN, so that the master station, CCO edge device and STA end device all have corresponding IPv6 addresses, thereby forming a fully interconnected network topology. Such a network topology is used to build a power grid communication system between the master station, CCO edge device and STA end device, and realize the interconnection and intercommunication of information between various devices in the power grid. The power trading method based on the dual-mode new energy power grid communication network system proposed by the present invention divides each device into light nodes, full nodes and transit nodes according to the type of electronic equipment, selects a suitable blockchain protocol according to the rate of Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication, effectively balances the security and efficiency of blockchain transactions, and conducts efficient power transactions after verifying that both parties to the transaction are legal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a traditional tree-structured HPLC grid; Figure 2 This is the dual-mode Mesh grid proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 It is the Wi-SUN dual-mode protocol stack; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the autonomous collaborative system based on the dual-mode new energy grid communication network of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the process of drawing a distribution network map using the ranging function of the dual-mode new energy power grid; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of locating the CCO / STA node to be located; Figure 8(a) is a schematic diagram of measuring the distance between power line equipment in two cross-station areas; Figure 8(b) is a schematic diagram of measuring the straight-line distance between power equipment in two cross-station areas; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram for measuring the straight-line distance between two power equipment in the same area with no obstacles between them; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram for measuring the distance between power lines of two power equipment in the same area with obstacles between them; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram for measuring the straight-line distance between two power equipment in the same area with obstacles between them; Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the power transaction model based on the dual-mode new energy grid; Figure 13 This is a flowchart for selecting a lightweight blockchain protocol cluster; Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the recursive zero-knowledge proof method; Figure 15 This is a flowchart of how Party A completes the proof of contract validity. Figure 16 This is a flowchart of how Party B completes the proof of contract validity. Figure 17 This is a typical configuration diagram of a zero-carbon rural new energy system; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of zero-carbon rural new energy system transactions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The present invention uses a dual-mode new energy grid communication network system and Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication to interconnect various devices in the grid, thereby forming a fully interconnected network topology and supporting interconnection between new energy grid devices.

[0020] Implementation Method of Dual-Mode New Energy Grid Communication Network System The present invention proposes an autonomous collaborative system implementation method based on a dual-mode new energy grid communication network, which includes a dual-mode new energy grid communication network. Figure 2 As shown, the main body of the new energy grid includes the master station, CCO edge devices, and STA end devices. The master station and CCO edge devices are connected, and the STA end devices are connected to each other through HPLC to form a tree structure. To enable interconnection between STA end devices, all STA end devices in the tree structure connected to the STA end device connected to each CCO edge device are connected through Wi-SUN. By introducing Wi-SUN and HPLC between the various entities in the grid, a Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network is established between the grid entities. The master station, CCO edge devices, and STA end devices in the grid all have corresponding IPv6 addresses, allowing the various entities in the grid to form a mesh network and achieve interconnection between devices at all levels in the entire network.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown, the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network supports the Wi-SUN dual-mode protocol stack. At the physical layer, Wi-SUN wireless and HPLC wired dual channels are established between the various grid entities. The Wi-SUN PHY (physical layer) supports the IEEE 802.15.4g standard, while the PLC PHY (physical layer) supports the IEEE 1901.1 standard. The Wi-SUN RF communication module can be used as the Wi-SUN communication module, which supports frequency hopping, strong anti-interference capabilities, high reliability, and relatively stable transmission rates. At the data link layer, the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network supports the IEEE 802.15.4e standard and the unified Wi-SUN / PLC CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) protocol. It supports mesh multi-hop ad hoc networking, avoiding reliance on single line-of-sight links. This allows communication between grid entities to bypass obstacles and reduce networking costs. At the network level, the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network incorporates IPv6 and supports RPL (Routing Protocol for LLN). 6LowWPAN, a low-speed wireless personal area network standard based on IPv6, addresses the integration challenges of low-power wireless networks and the IPv6 protocol stack through the collaborative design of an adaptation layer and header compression technology. This enables network-wide wired / wireless routing, network-wide broadcasting, and large 1576-byte packets for power equipment information on the power grid. This reduces packet slicing, lowers processing overhead, and improves network performance. Furthermore, IP-based power equipment on the power grid facilitates cloud-based operations and management.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention implements the construction of a Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network by setting a Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module on the CCO edge device and the STA end device. The Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module includes a Wi-SUN RF communication module for wireless communication, a Wi-SUN RF ranging module for wireless ranging, an HPLC communication module for wired communication, an HPLC ranging module for measuring the length of the power line, and an MCU for controlling the above modules.

[0023] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention proposes a dual-mode new energy grid based on Wi-SUN / HPLC, which can constitute an autonomous collaborative framework for new energy grid equipment. The autonomous collaborative framework for new energy grid equipment is deployed on CCO edge devices and STA end devices. According to different functions, STA end devices are divided into branch-level STA end devices and user-level STA end devices, among which the STA end devices that directly interact with users are user-level STA end devices, and the remaining STA end devices are branch-level STA end devices. A collaborative capability layer and a basic capability layer are set on the CCO edge device and the branch-level STA end device. In order to expand the functions of the new energy grid, in addition to the collaborative capability layer and the basic capability layer, a collaborative application layer is also set in the user-level STA end device.

[0024] Among them, the basic capability layer is based on the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network. Both Wi-SUN and HPLC run the Wi-SUN protocol stack and provide mesh networks that support multi-hop self-organizing networks and native application UDP-IP / TCP protocols.

[0025] The collaborative capability layer includes a clock synchronization module, a dual-mode ranging module, a power topology map module, a distributed master election module, and a security management module. Its main functions are: 1) Clock synchronization module, mainly used to automatically synchronize the high-precision clock signal in the master station or CCO edge device to reduce the error in the ranging result caused by time deviation; 2) Dual-mode ranging module, mainly used to provide Wi-SUN wireless straight-line ranging and HPLC power line ranging functions between devices; 3) Power topology map module, mainly used to generate device topology maps in outdoor or indoor scenarios based on dual-mode ranging results; 4) Distributed master election module, primarily used to proactively select a new full node when a node fails. As an example, the distributed master election module operates as follows: Supporting dual-node backup or triple-node redundancy at the mesh network's external communication nodes, autonomously selecting a new full node when the current distributed node fails; 5) Security management module, mainly used to implement IP-based device identity authentication and encrypted communication and implement IETF EAP-TLS network access authentication. It also supports security management mechanisms such as IEEE 802.11i dynamic key management, AES packet encryption, and active random number hopping, providing enterprise-level security.

[0026] In addition, to further expand the functionality of the autonomous collaboration framework, an autonomous collaboration module and a power trading smart contract module are deployed on the user-level STA device. Their main functions are: 6) Autonomous collaboration module, mainly used to support autonomous collaboration between user-level STA devices; 7) Power transaction smart contract module, mainly used for lightweight blockchain protocol family based on automatic selection, supporting autonomous power transactions between STA end devices.

[0027] The collaborative application layer is only deployed on user-level STA devices. Various collaborative application apps such as distributed energy storage, shared charging piles, geographic fencing, and asset tracking are deployed in the collaborative application layer. The collaborative capability layer and basic capability layer in the autonomous collaborative framework are called through the interface API.

[0028] With the continuous development of the power grid, the number of power equipment continues to increase. However, the current power topology map construction mainly relies on human data construction, which cannot meet the needs of use in terms of construction efficiency and accuracy. With the access of a large number of scattered new energy facilities to the distribution network, this problem becomes more prominent. The power topology map module of the dual-mode new energy grid communication network system can realize the drawing of the distribution network map, such as Figure 6 As shown, the specific steps are: S1: Synchronizes the clocks of CCO devices and / or STA devices.

[0029] Connect the master station or CCO edge device to a high-precision clock source. Outdoor CCO edge devices can optionally deploy a GPS clock module to connect to the high-precision clock source based on actual scenario requirements. Subsequently, CCO edge devices and STA devices not connected to the high-precision clock source complete clock synchronization with the master station or CCO edge device's high-precision clock source via the HPLC / Wi-SUN dual-mode network.

[0030] S2: Obtain a corresponding map according to the usage scenario. As an embodiment, the usage scenario is divided into indoor scenes and outdoor scenes, and the corresponding maps are divided into indoor maps and outdoor maps.

[0031] S3: Position the CCO / STA node to be positioned.

[0032] like Figure 7As shown in the figure, the CCO edge device is considered a CCO node, and the STA end device is considered an STA node. Three nodes with known locations are selected around the CCO / STA node to be located. These three nodes with known locations must be connected to the node to be located via Wi-SUN. Wireless ranging is performed between these three nodes and the CCO / STA node to be located using Wi-SUN. The location coordinates of the node to be located are calculated using triangulation based on the distances between the three nodes and the node to be located.

[0033] When there are no known nodes in a distribution network within a certain area, three CCO / STA nodes are selected as initial nodes. These initial nodes are then used to locate the remaining nodes to be located within the area. The method for determining the location of the CCO and STA devices at the initial nodes varies depending on the usage scenario. For outdoor use, the CCO and STA devices are typically equipped with GPS positioning modules, which can be used to quickly obtain their location information. However, for some CCO and STA devices, manual location determination is required. For indoor use, CCO and STA devices are generally not equipped with GPS positioning modules, so manual location determination is required for both indoor CCO and STA devices.

[0034] S4: Calculate the power line length and straight-line distance between CCO / STA nodes.

[0035] There are several situations when calculating the length of power lines and straight-line distances: 1) The node cross-station area at both ends of the power line.

[0036] In a distribution network, the STA devices under a CCO edge device generally belong to a single substation. Different CCO edge devices connect to different substations, and STA devices between substations do not communicate directly via Wi-SUN or HPLC. Therefore, when two nodes are located in different substations, the power line length between them cannot be directly measured using HPLC. As shown in Figure 8(a), when two nodes do not belong to the same substation, the power line length between them can be approximated as the straight-line distance between them. As shown in Figure 8(b), the straight-line distance between the two nodes can be calculated using their coordinates. Since there is no Wi-SUN connection between two nodes across substations, wireless ranging via Wi-SUN is not possible. Therefore, the presence of obstacles between the two points is not considered in the cross-substation scenario.

[0037] 2) The nodes at both ends of the power line are in the same substation and there are no obstacles between the two nodes.

[0038] In the same area, the length of the power line between two nodes can be directly measured by HPLC. Figure 9 As shown in FIG, the straight-line distance between the two nodes can be completed by Wi-SUN wireless ranging between the two nodes.

[0039] 3) The nodes at both ends of the power line are in the same substation, but there are obstacles between the two nodes.

[0040] like Figure 10 As shown in the figure, within the same area, the power line length between two nodes is directly measured by HPLC, while the straight-line distance between two nodes is calculated by the positioning coordinates of the two nodes. Alternatively, the straight-line distance between two nodes can be obtained by multiplying the straight-line distance between the two nodes by the corrected power line length. The power line length can be corrected according to the obstruction situation. The schematic diagram of the straight-line distance measurement is shown in the figure. Figure 11 shown.

[0041] Specifically, the algorithm for correcting power line lengths sets a distance threshold and a conversion factor. When the line distance measured by HPLC exceeds the distance threshold, the line distance is multiplied by the conversion factor, and the result is used as the straight-line distance between the two nodes. A simpler correction algorithm uses a fixed distance threshold and a fixed conversion factor to calculate the straight-line distance. For example, if the fixed distance threshold is set to 100 meters and the fixed conversion factor is set to 0.7, if the line distance is 80 meters, the straight-line distance cannot be estimated. However, if the line distance is 150 meters, the estimated straight-line distance is 150 × 0.7 = 105 meters.

[0042] Real-world situations are complex, and using fixed thresholds and fixed conversion factors to estimate straight-line distance can lead to significant errors in some scenarios. Therefore, the distance threshold and conversion factor can be dynamically set based on different power equipment types, actual usage scenarios, and deployment spacing. For example, if the STA origin device type is a public energy storage device and the STA terminal device type is a public charging station, and the line between the two nodes has relatively few turns, a smaller distance threshold and a larger conversion factor can be used. For example, if the distance threshold is 80 meters and the conversion factor is 0.8, and the line distance between the two nodes is 150 meters, the straight-line distance is estimated to be: 150 × 0.8 = 120 meters. If the STA origin device type is user meter A and the STA terminal device type is user meter B, and the line between the two nodes has many turns, a larger distance threshold and a smaller conversion factor can be used. For example, if the distance threshold is 120 meters and the conversion factor is 0.5, and the line distance between the two nodes is 150 meters, the straight-line distance is estimated to be: 150 × 0.5 = 75 meters.

[0043] S5: Summarize the information between nodes and build a power topology map.

[0044] The location coordinates of each master node, CCO edge device node, and STA end device node, as well as the power line lengths and straight-line distances between nodes, are summed to generate a local power topology map. This map includes information such as node type, node coordinates, straight-line distances between nodes, and power line lengths between nodes. By merging several local power topology maps using their location coordinates, a global power topology map can be generated. This map supports power topology map-based collaborative applications between various STA devices and various distribution network management functions.

[0045] Based on this, the dual-mode new energy grid communication network system proposed in this invention also includes an electricity trading method. The master station is set as a full node, branch-level STA devices are transit nodes, and user-level STA devices are light nodes. Furthermore, a lightweight blockchain protocol cluster is selected based on the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication rate to balance transaction security and transaction resource consumption, achieving safe and efficient electricity trading.

[0046] The specific power trading method will be described in detail in the implementation method of the power trading method based on the dual-mode new energy power grid, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] Implementation method of power trading method based on dual-mode new energy grid communication network system With the continuous development of renewable energy power generation, many new energy devices not only generate their own electricity but also generate surplus power, which can be used to supply power to other nearby electrical devices. Often, these new energy devices and other power-consuming devices do not share the same interests, necessitating power trading to distribute this power. While blockchains are generally convenient and secure trading platforms, traditional blockchain-based identity authentication methods require nodes to possess significant computing power and storage space, limiting the inclusion of power terminals with limited computing power and storage space. Furthermore, since decentralized, secure, and efficient blockchains cannot be achieved simultaneously, distributed power terminals must balance security and efficiency after decentralization.

[0048] Based on this, the present invention proposes an electricity trading model based on a dual-mode new energy power grid, with STA end devices as trading nodes. The two parties to the transaction can automatically select a suitable lightweight blockchain protocol cluster based on their own communication channel bandwidth, storage, computing power and other resources, between high security or high efficiency but high resource consumption, and automatically choose whether to still use the full node of the master station to conduct electricity transactions through an external public chain, thereby carrying out various electricity transactions on Wi-SUN / HPLC communication network devices with limited computing / communication bandwidth resources.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 12As shown in the figure, the nodes in the dual-mode new energy grid are divided into full nodes and light nodes. Light nodes primarily include STA nodes used for user transactions. A lightweight blockchain protocol is deployed on light nodes. Leveraging the Merkletree, light nodes do not need to store all transaction content. Instead, they only store the block header or zero-knowledge proof and transaction details related to themselves. Merkle proofs are used to determine whether a transaction is in the current blockchain transaction list. Full nodes primarily include the master station, on which a traditional heavyweight blockchain protocol is deployed. Full nodes download and store a copy of every transaction and block on the network to maintain a complete copy of the blockchain ledger, enabling independent verification of the entire blockchain history.

[0050] Automatically select the appropriate lightweight blockchain protocol cluster based on the communication channel width, storage capacity, computing power and other resources of the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network built between power grid entities. Figure 13 As shown, as an embodiment, a lightweight blockchain protocol cluster is selected based on the communication channel rate of the dual-mode traffic network.

[0051] 1) When the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network rate is less than 50kbps: Select a lightweight blockchain protocol based on a trusted intermediary (master station), which offers lower security but extremely low resource consumption. In this protocol, light nodes do not store historical transaction ledgers; only full nodes store historical transaction ledgers. 2) When the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network rate is between 50kbps and 300kbps: Select a lightweight blockchain protocol based on recursive zero-knowledge proofs, which offers moderate security and low resource consumption. This protocol uses recursive zero-knowledge proofs to replace the entire blockchain transaction history, reducing the size of historical transaction data to a fixed 22KB. 3) When the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network rate is >300kbps: Select a lightweight blockchain protocol based on small proofs, which offers medium security and moderate resource consumption. In this protocol, light nodes do not store historical transaction ledgers themselves, but do store proofs for block headers. As the number of transactions increases, the data size increases, starting at the megabyte level.

[0052] Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs), used in lightweight blockchain protocols based on recursive zero-knowledge proofs, are cryptographic tools that allow mutually untrusting parties to prove the validity of a proposition without leaking any additional information. The prover proves to the verifier that they know or possess a certain message, but the proof process cannot leak any information about the message to the verifier.

[0053] ZK-SNARKs (Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge) is a protocol that generates zero-knowledge proofs to verify the authenticity of information without revealing the underlying data. The ZK-SNARK protocol involves two parties: the prover and the verifier. The prover is the party making the claim, while the verifier is responsible for verifying the claim. The information referenced in the claim is called a witness or secret. The prover uses the ZK-SNARK mechanism to generate a proof to the verifier, demonstrating that the claim is true without revealing the referenced information.

[0054] According to the actual situation and usage requirements, in the dual-mode new energy power grid, the prover can be deployed on the master station or on an external third party, and the verifier can be deployed on the MCU of the STA node used for user transactions.

[0055] The full name of ZK-SNARKs reflects that ZK-SNARKs has the following characteristics: 1) Zero-Knowledge: The verifier knows nothing about the statement except whether it is valid or false.

[0056] 2) Succinct: The declaration is small and the verifier can complete the verification in a short time.

[0057] 3) Non-interactive: SNARKs are non-interactive, so the prover and verifier do not need to exchange information beyond the initial proof submitted.

[0058] 4) Argument: A SNARK is a computationally sound statement that meets strict requirements, making it difficult to cheat (i.e., generate false proofs).

[0059] 5) Knowledge: SNARK-based proofs cannot be created by accessing the underlying information or witnesses.

[0060] ZK-SNARKs replace the blockchain with an easily verifiable, consistent-sized cryptographic proof. Instead of having to verify the entire blockchain from the beginning, participants can use zero-knowledge proofs to fully verify the network and transactions, providing a lightweight solution that greatly reduces the amount of data each user needs to download.

[0061] like Figure 14As shown in the figure, to minimize the storage space required for historical transaction information, lightweight blockchain protocols based on recursive zero-knowledge proofs utilize recursive zero-knowledge proofs. ZK-SNARKs are used to capture the entire blockchain state during each transaction and send it as a lightweight snapshot. When the next block in the network is created, it takes a snapshot of itself using the previous blockchain state snapshot as the background. This new snapshot is then used as the background for the next block snapshot, and so on.

[0062] For example, if someone wants to prove they appear in front of a dated building every day, they can take a selfie of the building with that date on it every day. This will result in 365 photos with different dates over the course of a year, and the content of each photo is equivalent to the state of the blockchain. Using recursive zero-knowledge proofs, starting the next day, this person can take selfies holding the photo they took the previous day. Repeating this process daily (equivalent to the blockchain including the previous snapshot with each snapshot), all photos taken during the year can be displayed in a single photo.

[0063] The specific process of the power trading method based on the dual-mode new energy grid is as follows: S1: Transaction Party A (i.e. STA user A, the electricity seller in the transaction) completes the contract validity certification. The process is as follows Figure 15 shown.

[0064] S11: Party A provides the power transaction smart contract - Party A's power sales contract to the prover in the main station; S12: The Prover provides the power transaction smart contract - Party A's power sales contract; S13: After the prover successfully submits the public chain, it uses ZK-SNARKs to generate a proof of validity of the power sales contract and provides it to Party A. S14: After receiving the valid proof, Party A stores it in the local proof chain and provides the proof of validity of the power sales contract to Party B via the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network; S15: Transaction Party B sends the received proof of validity of the power sales contract to the Verifier to verify the authenticity of the proof; S16: The Verifier completes the verification of the validity of the power sales contract and provides the verification result to Transaction B. If the verification is valid, Transaction B stores the proof in the local proof chain and starts the power transaction.

[0065] S2: When the contract of transaction party A is valid, transaction party B completes the contract validity certification. The process is as follows: Figure 16 shown.

[0066] S21: Transaction Party B (i.e., STA user B, the electricity purchaser in the transaction) initiates the electricity transaction and provides the electricity transaction smart contract - Party B's electricity purchase contract to the prover. S22: The Prover provides the electricity transaction smart contract - Party B's power purchase contract to the regional chain public chain.

[0067] S23: After the prover successfully submits the public chain, it uses ZK-SNARKs to generate a proof of validity of the power purchase contract and provides it to Party B. S24: After receiving the validity certificate of the power purchase contract, Party B stores it in the local proof chain and provides the validity certificate of the power purchase contract to Party A via the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication network; S25: Transaction Party A sends the validity certificate of the power purchase contract to the Verifier; S26: The Verifier completes the validity proof verification and provides the verification result to Transaction Party A. If the power purchase contract is verified to be valid, Transaction Party A stores the proof in the local proof chain and notifies Transaction Party B that the power transaction is completed.

[0068] The electricity trading method based on the dual-mode new energy grid has many real-life applications. For example, many villages are now building zero-carbon villages. Zero-carbon villages refer to the use of various renewable energy technologies such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation in rural areas to achieve efficient energy utilization and reduce carbon emissions. The integrated energy system of a zero-carbon village typically includes new energy power generation devices, energy storage facilities, and electrical equipment. Among these, the more common new energy power generation devices are wind power generation equipment installed in open fields or photovoltaic power generation equipment installed on rooftops. Energy storage equipment is mainly used to store electrical energy to balance the temporal and spatial differences between energy supply and demand. In addition to traditional electrical equipment, with the popularization of new energy electric vehicles, a large number of private charging piles and public charging stations have also been built in rural areas.

[0069] like Figure 17 As shown in the figure, the typical configuration of a zero-carbon rural new energy system includes: rooftop photovoltaic power generation system, public energy storage system, public charging station / private charging pile, etc.

[0070] Based on the dual-mode new energy grid trading system, each household should deploy a photovoltaic (STA) system for rooftop photovoltaic power generation systems. For energy storage facilities, each village will be equipped with either a large energy storage device or a distributed energy storage facility, meaning each substation will be equipped with a public energy storage device (STA). For public charging stations and private charging piles, public charging stations will deploy public charging station equipment (STA), while private charging piles will be equipped with private charging pile equipment (STA).

[0071] like Figure 18 As shown in the figure, the zero-carbon rural new energy system mainly includes the following transaction scenarios: 1) Photovoltaic power generation equipment STA → Public energy storage equipment STA: When villagers cannot use up the electricity generated by their own rooftop photovoltaic power generation systems (photovoltaic power generation equipment STA), they can store (i.e., sell) the excess electricity in public energy storage equipment (i.e., public energy storage equipment STA) for use by the entire village. If the electricity in the village public energy storage equipment cannot be used up, it can continue to sell electricity to the national power grid.

[0072] 2) Public energy storage equipment STA → public charging station equipment STA: Public charging station equipment STA can purchase electricity from public energy storage equipment STA through electricity trading to charge new energy electric vehicles.

[0073] 3) Public energy storage equipment STA → private charging station STA: In households that install private charging stations, private charging stations give priority to using the electricity generated by their own photovoltaic power generation equipment STA. When photovoltaic power generation is insufficient, they purchase electricity from the village committee's public energy storage equipment STA through electricity trading to charge new energy electric vehicles.

[0074] As an example, a shared charging pile app can be deployed on a public charging pile device (STA) to trade electricity with a distributed energy storage app in a public energy storage device (STA). The shared charging pile app can also monitor the remaining power in the village committee's public energy storage device (STA). When the power level is sufficient, it prioritizes purchasing low-cost renewable energy storage power. When the power level is low, it purchases relatively high-cost state-owned power from the main grid, thus providing a cost-effective charging pile optimization solution.

[0075] The specific implementation process has been described in detail in the implementation method of the dual-mode new energy grid communication network system and will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. A dual-mode new energy grid communication network system, comprising a master station, a CCO edge device and a STA end device, characterized in that: Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication is used between the master station and CCO edge devices, between CCO edge devices, and between CCO edge devices and corresponding end devices. All STA end devices under each CCO edge device are interconnected through Wi-SUN, thus forming a fully interconnected network topology. At the physical layer, this network topology establishes dual channels of Wi-SUN wireless communication and HPLC wired communication between the master station, CCO edge devices, and STA end devices. At the data link layer, a mesh multi-hop approach is used to bypass obstacles. At the network layer, IPv6 is introduced, so that the master station, CCO edge devices, and STA end devices all have corresponding IPv6 addresses.

2. The dual-mode new energy grid communication network system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication is achieved by setting up a Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module. The Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module includes a Wi-SUN RF communication module for wireless communication, a Wi-SUN RF ranging module for wireless ranging, an HPLC communication module for wired communication, an HPLC ranging module for measuring power line length, and an MCU for controlling the above modules.

3. The dual-mode new energy grid communication network system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module also includes a positioning module, which is used to locate the distance between the three nodes with known coordinates measured by the Wi-SUN RF ranging module, where the nodes are CCO edge devices or STA end devices.

4. The dual-mode new energy grid communication network system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module also includes a ranging module, which is used to measure the straight-line distance and / or power line length between two nodes. When the two nodes are distributed across different areas, the power line length between the two nodes is measured by the HPLC ranging module, and the straight-line distance between the two nodes is equal to the power line length between the two nodes or calculated by using the coordinates of the two nodes. When the two nodes are located in the same area, if there are no obstacles between the two nodes, the power line length between the two nodes is measured by the HPLC measurement module, and the straight-line distance between the two points is measured by the Wi-SUN RF ranging module. When the two nodes are located in the same area, if there is an obstacle between the two nodes, the power line length between the two nodes is measured by the HPLC measurement module, and the straight-line distance between the two nodes is corrected by the power line length based on the obstruction. Alternatively, the positioning module is used to locate the two nodes separately to obtain node coordinates, and the straight-line distance between the two nodes is calculated using the two node coordinates.

5. The dual-mode new energy grid communication network system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The system is also used to construct a power topology map based on the positioning results of the positioning module and the ranging results of the ranging module. The construction process includes: 1) Synchronize the clocks of each node and obtain the corresponding map based on the scene where the node is located; 2) Mark the node location on the corresponding map based on the positioning results of the positioning module on each node. Mark the straight-line distance between nodes and the length of the power line on the corresponding map based on the ranging results of the ranging module to obtain a local power topology map; 3) Summarize local power topology maps and construct a global power topology map.

6. The dual-mode new energy grid communication network system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both CCO edge devices and STA end devices are equipped with a collaborative capability layer and a basic capability layer. The basic capability layer includes the Wi-SUN protocol stack that supports Wi-SUN wireless communication and HPLC wired communication, IPv6 and native UDP-IP / TCP protocols that support large packets, and a mesh network that supports multi-hop ad hoc networking. The collaborative capability layer includes a clock synchronization module for synchronizing the master station clock signal, a ranging module for measuring the straight-line distance and power line distance between devices, and a power map topology module for generating power topology maps. The power map topology module includes the Wi-SUN RF ranging module and the HPLC ranging module.

7. The dual-mode new energy grid communication network system according to claim 6, characterized in that: STA end devices include user-level STA end devices that interact directly with users and branch-level STA end devices used to connect user-level STA end devices with CCO edge devices. The collaborative capability layer on the user-level STA end devices also includes an autonomous collaboration module that supports user-level STA devices to perform autonomous collaboration and an electric power trading smart contract module that supports autonomous electric power trading between STA devices.

8. The dual-mode new energy grid communication network system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A collaborative application layer is also provided on the user-level STA terminal device, which collects user instructions through the APP deployed on the user-level STA terminal device, and calls the corresponding modules selected by the collaborative capability layer and the basic capability layer to execute the instructions according to the collected user instructions.

9. A power trading method based on a dual-mode new energy grid communication network system, characterized in that the steps include: 1) Set the STA end device that directly interacts with the user as a light node and a transaction node, the master station as a full node, the CCO edge device and other STA end devices as transit nodes, and use Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication between full nodes and transit nodes, as well as within transit nodes. Wi-SUN wireless communication is used between light nodes. 2) Select a lightweight blockchain protocol suite based on the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication rate. When the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication rate is less than a minimum threshold, a lightweight blockchain protocol based on a trusted intermediary is deployed on the light node, storing only the historical transaction ledger in the full node. When the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication rate is between the minimum and maximum thresholds, a lightweight blockchain protocol based on recursive zero-knowledge proof is deployed on the light node, using recursive zero-knowledge proof to replace the entire blockchain transaction history. When the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication rate is greater than the maximum threshold, a lightweight blockchain protocol based on smallproof is deployed on the light node, and the block header proof of the historical transaction ledger is stored in the light node; 3) Both parties to the transaction verify the legitimacy of the other party. If both parties are legal, the electricity transaction is completed.

10. The power trading method based on the dual-mode new energy grid communication network system according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The recursive zero-knowledge proof uses a prover to verify the authenticity of the transaction contract and declare the transaction legal for the real contract, and uses a verifier to verify the authenticity of the declaration. The prover is set in the master station or external system, and the verifier is set in the Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module corresponding to the STA end device with which the user directly interacts. The Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication / ranging function module is used to establish Wi-SUN / HPLC dual-mode communication between power equipment.

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