Method for installing a segmented column type equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of petroleum chemical equipment installation construction, and discloses a sectional tower type equipment installation construction method, which comprises the following steps: first, hoisting and positioning the first section of the sectional equipment and performing fine alignment; then, assembling the second section of the sectional equipment with the first section of the sectional equipment in the air, and performing fine alignment on the first section and the second section of the sectional equipment, and performing nondestructive testing and post-welding heat treatment after butt welding; then, assembling the third section of the sectional equipment with the second section of the sectional equipment in the air, and performing fine alignment on the whole equipment, and performing nondestructive testing and post-welding heat treatment after butt welding; finally, performing fine alignment and rechecking on the whole equipment. The fine alignment is completed by four-point method in the four perpendicular directions of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° of the equipment, so that the fine alignment accuracy of the whole equipment is improved. The symmetrical interval post-welding heat treatment can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of hoisting machinery and speed up the overall construction speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petrochemical equipment installation and construction, and in particular to a method for installing tall vertical segmented tower equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Typically, tower-type equipment is tall and heavy. When it exceeds a certain height, in order to facilitate transportation and installation, and to reduce transportation and installation machinery costs, the equipment is transported to the construction site in sections. During installation, it is often installed in sections from bottom to top. The sections are assembled and welded on-site to complete the connection of the tower sections.

[0003] When tower-type equipment is made of thick-walled carbon steel or alloy steel, after the butt welds of the segmented equipment are completed, the butt welds need to undergo overall post-weld heat treatment to ensure that the welding performance of the welded position meets the requirements. However, during the post-weld heat treatment of the butt welds, the yield strength of the butt welds will be significantly reduced due to the high temperature, making it unable to bear the weight of the equipment above the butt welds. To ensure the safety of the equipment and construction, the equipment above the butt welds must always be in a state of hoisting stress until the post-weld heat treatment of the butt welds is completed, the temperature of the butt welds drops to a certain level, and the yield strength of the butt welds increases before the hook can be removed and the hoisting can be completed.

[0004] Furthermore, after the segmented equipment is hoisted, welded, and undergoes post-weld heat treatment, the entire equipment is precisely aligned using the two-point method. After the precise alignment is completed and passes acceptance, secondary grouting is performed. The two-point method aligns the equipment by measuring its verticality in two adjacent 90° directions. However, this method only considers the theoretical dimensions of the equipment and does not account for actual deviations during manufacturing. It can only align the verticality of the theoretical values ​​in two directions, ignoring the actual deviations in the other two directions. This can easily lead to an increase in the cumulative verticality error after the assembly and welding of each segmented equipment, making it difficult to control the installation accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for installing segmented tower equipment, so as to at least improve the installation accuracy and efficiency of the equipment.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for installing segmented tower equipment, wherein the tower equipment is divided into a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment in a bottom-to-top order, and the installation method includes:

[0008] Step 1: The first section of the segmented equipment is hoisted into place and precisely aligned;

[0009] Step 2: The second section of the segmented equipment is assembled in the air with the first section of the segmented equipment, and the overall first and second sections of the segmented equipment are finely aligned.

[0010] Step 3: Weld the butt weld between the second section and the first section of the segmented equipment. Perform non-destructive testing and post-weld heat treatment on the butt weld.

[0011] Step 4: The third section of the segmented equipment is assembled in the air with the second section of the segmented equipment, and the overall first, second, and third sections of the segmented equipment are finely aligned.

[0012] Step 5: Weld the butt weld between the third section and the second section of the segmented equipment. Perform non-destructive testing and post-weld heat treatment on the butt weld.

[0013] Step 6: Recheck the fine alignment of the entire equipment.

[0014] In the above Steps 1, 2, 4, and 6, the fine alignment is completed by measuring in four vertical directions of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° of the equipment using the four-point method.

[0015] The operating steps of the four-point method are as follows:

[0016] The measured value of the verticality on the 0° side at the same height on the upper side of the equipment to be aligned is a1, the measured value of the verticality on the 90° side is b1, the measured value of the verticality on the 180° side is c1, and the measured value of the verticality on the 270° side is d1;

[0017] The measured value of the verticality on the 0° side at the same height on the lower side of the equipment to be aligned is a1', the measured value of the verticality on the 90° side is b1', the measured value of the verticality on the 180° side is c1', and the measured value of the verticality on the 270° side is d1';

[0018] During measurement, 0° and 180° are in a group, and the verticality deviation is ((a - a') + (c - c')) / 2. 90° and 270° are in a group, and the verticality deviation is ((b - b') + (d - d')) / 2. The overall verticality deviation of the equipment to be aligned ≤ h / 1000 and ≤ 50 mm is considered qualified.

[0019] As a preferred implementation method, in Step 1, the fine alignment of the first section of the segmented equipment is completed by measuring using the four-point method through the combined adjustment of shims and the symmetric cooperation of a theodolite.

[0020] As a preferred implementation method, in Step 2, first, the fine alignment of the second section of the segmented equipment is performed. By adjusting the temporary assembly tooling between the second section and the first section of the segmented equipment, the four-point method is used for the fine alignment of the second section of the segmented equipment.

[0021] Then, the second section of the segmented equipment is spot-welded to the temporary assembly fixture, and the first and second sections of the segmented equipment are then precisely aligned using the four-point method as a whole.

[0022] As a preferred implementation, in step four, the third segment of the segmented equipment is first precisely aligned. By adjusting the temporary assembly tooling between the third segment of the segmented equipment and the second segment of the segmented equipment, the four-point method is used to achieve precise alignment of the third segment of the segmented equipment.

[0023] Then, the third section of the segmented equipment is spot-welded to the temporary assembly fixture, and the first, second, and third sections of the segmented equipment are then precisely aligned using the four-point method as a whole.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, in steps three and five, when welding the butt weld, the welder performs symmetrical welding in the same direction at positions of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° on the equipment.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, in steps three and five, the non-destructive testing employs TOFD testing.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, in steps three and five, the post-weld heat treatment is a symmetrical interval post-weld heat treatment, that is, the butt weld or half of the butt weld is in a heat-treated state and the other half is in an untreated state.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, during post-weld heat treatment, the butt weld is divided into four regions, with each 90° interval constituting one region. Each region has an independent electrical circuit for the heating element, which is a ceramic heating strip. After the heating element completely covers the butt weld, a double layer of rock wool felt is used to cover the heating element, which is then securely bound with steel straps.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, during post-weld heat treatment, the electrical circuits of the first and third regions of the heating element are symmetrically connected first to perform post-weld heat treatment on the butt welds of the first and third regions. After heating to 400°C, the heating rate is ≤160°C / h. When the temperature reaches 560°C, constant temperature holding is performed. After the constant temperature holding is completed, cooling begins, with a cooling rate ≤160°C / h. After cooling to 400°C, natural cooling is performed. After cooling to 200°C, the circuit is disconnected, ending the post-weld heat treatment of the butt welds of the first and third regions. After the post-weld heat treatment of the first and third regions, the post-weld heat treatment of the butt welds of the second and fourth regions is performed, using the same method as the post-weld heat treatment of the first and third regions. After the post-weld heat treatment of the second and fourth regions, the rock wool felt and heating elements of all four regions are removed, completing the post-weld heat treatment work for all butt welds.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, before hoisting, the auxiliary structures, attached tower pipelines, and temporary operating platforms on the first, second, and third sections of the segmented equipment have all been installed.

[0030] According to the technical solution provided by this invention, after each segment of the segmented tower equipment is positioned or assembled, fine alignment is used instead of initial alignment. This effectively reduces the straightness deviation of each segment in the initial alignment state, reduces the cumulative verticality error after assembly and welding of each segment, and improves the overall fine alignment accuracy of the equipment. The four-point method of fine alignment for segmented equipment replaces the two-point method, which better reflects the actual situation of the equipment. It fully considers the actual deviations existing in the manufacturing process, takes into account the correlation between the measured values ​​in two relative directions, and performs data balancing. The balanced data values ​​are closer to the actual verticality values, and the alignment accuracy and rationality are significantly improved compared to the two-point method. The welding of butt welds in segmented equipment adopts four-person symmetrical continuous welding instead of two-person symmetrical discontinuous welding, which effectively improves welding efficiency, controls interpass temperature, disperses welding stress, improves weld performance, shortens the construction period, and reduces construction costs. The non-destructive testing of butt welds in segmented equipment adopts TOFD testing instead of RT radiographic testing, improving non-destructive testing efficiency and reducing non-destructive testing safety risks. The butt welds are replaced with symmetrical interval post-weld heat treatment instead of integral post-weld heat treatment. The segmented equipment can be unhooked after the butt welds are completed, which reduces the time occupied by lifting machinery, lowers the cost of lifting machinery, improves the overall installation progress of the equipment, and shortens the overall installation time of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first segment of the segmentation device of the present invention being placed horizontally;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-crane lifting of the first section of the segmented equipment of the present invention by the main and auxiliary cranes. Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the initial hoisting state. Figure 2 (b) Schematic diagram of the lifting, tail-end delivery, and hoisting process. Figure 2 (c) is a schematic diagram of the equipment in the vertical hoisting state;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the first segment of the segmentation device of the present invention in place;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fine alignment of the first segment of the segmentation device of the present invention, wherein, Figure 4 (a) To accurately locate the main view, Figure 4(b) Cross-sectional view for precise alignment;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal placement of the second segment of the segmentation device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-crane lifting mechanism of the second section of the segmented equipment of the present invention, consisting of main and auxiliary cranes. Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of the initial hoisting state. Figure 6 (b) Schematic diagram of the lifting, tail-end delivery, and hoisting process. Figure 6 (c) is a schematic diagram of the equipment in the vertical hoisting state;

[0038] Figure 7 middle, Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram of the second segment air assembly of the segmentation device of the present invention. Figure 7 (b) is Figure 7 (a) is a magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the fine alignment of the first segment and the second segment of the segmentation device of the present invention, wherein, Figure 8 (a) To accurately locate the main view, Figure 8 (b) Cross-sectional view for precise alignment;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the butt weld between the second segment and the first segment of the segmented equipment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 9 (a) is a front view of the butt weld. Figure 9 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the welding position of the butt weld.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the heat treatment area of ​​the butt weld of the second section and the first section of the segmented equipment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal placement of the third segment of the segmentation device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the main and auxiliary cranes lifting the third section of the segmented equipment of the present invention. Figure 12 (a) is a schematic diagram of the initial hoisting state. Figure 12 (b) Schematic diagram of the lifting, tail-end delivery, and hoisting process. Figure 12 (c) is a schematic diagram of the equipment in the vertical hoisting state;

[0044] Figure 13 middle, Figure 13 (a) is a schematic diagram of the aerial assembly of the third segment of the segmentation device of the present invention. Figure 13 (b) is Figure 13 (a) is a magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0045] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the fine alignment of the first segment, the second segment, and the third segment of the segmentation device of the present invention. Figure 14 (a) To accurately locate the main view, Figure 14 (b) Cross-sectional view for precise alignment;

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the butt weld between the third segment and the second segment of the segmented equipment of the present invention. Figure 15 (a) is a front view of the butt weld. Figure 15 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the welding position of the butt weld.

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the heat treatment area of ​​the butt weld of the third section and the second section of the segmented equipment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the overall fine alignment and verification of the equipment of the present invention. Figure 17 (a) To verify the alignment of the main view, Figure 17 (b) is a cross-sectional view for fine alignment verification.

[0049] In the diagram, 1-Section 1 of the sectional equipment, 2-Main lifting lug I, 3-Auxiliary lifting lug I, 4-Equipment skirt, 5-Skirt base plate, 6-Temporary saddle, 7-Main crane, 8-Auxiliary crane, 9-Main lifting wire rope, 10-Auxiliary lifting wire rope, 11-Equipment foundation, 12-Shim, 13-Section 2 of the sectional equipment, 14-Main lifting lug II, 15-Auxiliary lifting lug II, 16-Temporary assembly tooling I, 17-Butt weld I, 18-Marking line I, 19-Heating element I, 20-Rock wool felt I, 21-Section 3 of the sectional equipment, 22-Main lifting lug III, 23-Auxiliary lifting lug III, 24-Temporary assembly tooling II, 25-Butt weld II, 26-Marking line II, 27-Heating element II, 28-Rock wool felt II. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0051] In the embodiments and examples provided by the present invention, for ease of distinction, the main lifting lugs and auxiliary lifting lugs during the hoisting of each segment of equipment are respectively represented as: (1) when the first segment 1 of the segmented equipment is hoisted, the main lifting lug I2 and the auxiliary lifting lug I3 are respectively; (2) when the second segment 13 of the segmented equipment is hoisted, the main lifting lug II14 and the auxiliary lifting lug II15 are respectively; (3) when the third segment 21 of the segmented equipment is hoisted, the main lifting lug III22 and the auxiliary lifting lug III23 are respectively. When the second segment 13 of the segmented equipment is assembled with the first segment 1 of the segmented equipment, the temporary assembly tooling, the butt weld, the marking line, the heating plate and the rock wool felt are respectively represented as temporary assembly tooling I16, butt weld I17, marking line I18, heating plate I19 and rock wool felt I20. When the third section 21 of the segmented equipment is assembled with the second section 13 of the segmented equipment, the temporary assembly tooling, butt weld, marking line, heating plate and rock wool felt are respectively represented as temporary assembly tooling II24, butt weld II25, marking line II26, heating plate II27, and rock wool felt II28.

[0052] The overall concept of this invention is to transport tower-type equipment to the construction site in sections according to the construction schedule. The sections are then horizontally placed on temporary saddles 6 near the foundation. Next, auxiliary structures, pipelines, and temporary operating platforms for each section are installed. After installation, the sections are hoisted into position. Once the sections are hoisted or assembled, fine alignment is used instead of initial alignment, employing a four-point method. After successful fine alignment, the butt welds are welded symmetrically and continuously by four people. After welding, the butt welds undergo non-destructive testing using TOFD. Following successful non-destructive testing, the welds are subjected to symmetrical, intermittent post-weld heat treatment. After all the work—including aerial assembly, fine alignment, welding, non-destructive testing, and post-weld heat treatment—is completed, the overall equipment undergoes a fine alignment check. Once the requirements are met and the equipment passes acceptance, grouting is performed.

[0053] Based on the above concept, a typical embodiment of the present invention provides a method for installing segmented tower equipment, which divides the tower equipment into a first segment 1, a second segment 13, and a third segment 21 in a bottom-to-top order. The installation method includes the following steps one to six.

[0054] The four-point method described in this embodiment involves measuring and aligning the equipment in four vertical directions: 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. The operation steps are as follows:

[0055] The verticality measurement value of the equipment to be aligned is a1 on the 0° side at the same height, b1 on the 90° side, c1 on the 180° side, and d1 on the 270° side.

[0056] The verticality measurement value on the 0° side at the same height on the lower side of the equipment to be aligned is a1', the verticality measurement value on the 90° side is b1', the verticality measurement value on the 180° side is c1', and the verticality measurement value on the 270° side is d1'.

[0057] During measurement, 0° and 180° are in a group, and the verticality deviation is ((a - a') + (c - c')) / 2. 90° and 270° are in a group, and the verticality deviation is ((b - b') + (d - d')) / 2. The overall verticality deviation of the equipment to be aligned ≤ h / 1000 and ≤ 50 mm is qualified.

[0058] Step 1: Lift and place the first section 1 of the sectional equipment in place and perform fine alignment.

[0059] Before the formal lifting, the first section 1 of the sectional equipment has been horizontally placed on the temporary saddle 6, and the accessory structures, attached tower pipelines and temporary operation platforms of the first section 1 of the sectional equipment have been installed. First, the first section of the sectional equipment is erected by the cooperation of the main and auxiliary cranes, and then the main crane 7 places the first section 1 of the sectional equipment on the equipment foundation 11.

[0060] Since the verticality of the sectional equipment is prone to large cumulative errors during the sectional installation process, in order to reduce the straightness deviation of each sectional equipment in the initial alignment state, reduce the verticality cumulative error after the alignment and welding of each sectional equipment, and improve the installation accuracy of the sectional equipment, no initial alignment is carried out after the sectional equipment is in place, and the fine alignment directly replaces the initial alignment. At the same time, the actual deviation existing in the manufacturing process of the equipment needs to be considered during the fine alignment. In order to improve the accuracy and rationality of the fine alignment, the fine alignment is carried out according to the four-point method.

[0061] The fine alignment of the first section 1 of the sectional equipment is completed through the combined adjustment of the shims 12 and the symmetric cooperation measurement of two theodolites. The above four-point method is used to accurately measure in the four vertical directions of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° of the equipment to complete the fine alignment.

[0062] Step 2: The second section 13 of the sectional equipment is assembled in the air with the first section 1 of the sectional equipment, and the first section 1 and the second section 13 of the sectional equipment are integrally finely aligned.

[0063] The preparation work before lifting and the lifting and erection construction method of the second section 13 of the sectional equipment are the same as those in Step 1, and then the main crane 7 assembles the second section 13 of the sectional equipment with the first section 1 in the air according to the marking line I18.

[0064] First, the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is precisely aligned. By adjusting the temporary assembly fixture I16 between the second section 13 and the first section 1 of the segmented equipment, the four-point method is used to precisely align the second section 13. Then, the second section 13 and the temporary assembly fixture I16 are spot welded and fixed. Finally, the first section 1 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment are treated as a whole and precisely aligned using the four-point method.

[0065] Step 3: The second segment 13 of the segmented equipment is welded to the first segment 1 of the segmented equipment via the butt weld I17. The butt weld I17 is then subjected to non-destructive testing and post-weld heat treatment.

[0066] Based on the material of the equipment body, select welding materials and select 4 qualified welders to perform symmetrical welding of the butt weld I17 in the same direction at positions of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively. In order to improve welding efficiency, control interpass temperature, disperse welding stress, improve weld performance and speed up construction progress, the welding of butt weld I17 should be completed continuously in one go without interruption.

[0067] Based on the characteristics of the equipment material and welding materials, non-destructive testing should be performed 24 hours after the butt weld is completed and before the post-weld heat treatment. In order to improve the efficiency of non-destructive testing and reduce the safety risks of non-destructive testing, TOFD testing is used instead of RT radiographic testing.

[0068] To release welding stress in butt weld I17 and improve its performance, post-weld heat treatment is required after welding. To reduce the time the main crane 7 occupies, lower construction machinery costs, and accelerate the overall construction progress, a symmetrical intermittent post-weld heat treatment method is adopted instead of an integral post-weld heat treatment method. That is, half of the butt weld I17 is in a heat-treated state, and the other half is in an untreated state.

[0069] Step four: The third segment 21 of the segmented equipment is assembled in the air with the second segment 13 of the segmented equipment, and the first segment 1, the second segment 13 and the third segment 21 of the segmented equipment are finely aligned as a whole.

[0070] The hoisting and erection methods for the third section 21 of the segmented equipment are the same as in step one, and the aerial assembly method is the same as in step two.

[0071] First, the third segment 21 of the segmented equipment is precisely aligned. This is achieved by adjusting the temporary assembly fixture II 24 between the third segment 21 and the second segment 13 using a four-point method. Then, the third segment 21 is spot-welded to the temporary assembly fixture II 24. Finally, the first segment 1, the second segment 13, and the third segment 21 are treated as a whole and precisely aligned using the four-point method.

[0072] Step 5: The third segment 21 of the segmented equipment is welded to the second segment 13 of the segmented equipment. The butt weld I17 is subjected to non-destructive testing and post-weld heat treatment, the same as in step 3.

[0073] Step 6: Overall fine alignment and verification of the equipment.

[0074] After all the work of assembling, aligning, welding, non-destructive testing, and post-weld heat treatment of the segmented equipment is completed, the entire equipment is checked for alignment using the four-point method.

[0075] In the segmented tower equipment installation method described above, the initial alignment after each segment of equipment is in place or assembled adopts fine alignment. Compared with the initial alignment in the prior art, fine alignment can effectively reduce the straightness deviation of each segment of equipment in the initial alignment state, reduce the cumulative verticality error after the assembly and welding of each segment of equipment, and reduce the overall straightness deviation of the equipment by step-by-step segmented fine alignment, thereby reducing the overall verticality error of the equipment and improving the overall fine alignment accuracy of the equipment.

[0076] The precision alignment of segmented equipment employs a four-point method, which, compared to the existing two-point method, better reflects the actual conditions of the equipment. The four-point method aligns the equipment by measuring its verticality in four directions, while the two-point method aligns it by measuring the verticality in two adjacent 90° directions. Furthermore, the four-point method fully considers actual deviations that may exist during the manufacturing process, whereas the two-point method only considers the theoretical dimensions and does not account for actual deviations during manufacturing. In the four-point method, the measurements in two relative directions are correlated. Through measurement, the actual deviations of the equipment at 0° and 180°, and 90° and 270° can be balanced and canceled out. In contrast, the measurement values ​​of the two adjacent 90° directions in the two-point method are relatively independent, and can only realize the verticality correction of the theoretical values ​​in two directions, ignoring the influence of the actual verticality deviations in the other two directions. The four-point method comprehensively considers the actual verticality deviations of the equipment in four directions and balances the data. The balanced data values ​​are closer to the actual verticality values. Under the same deviation requirements, the equipment alignment accuracy and rationality are significantly improved compared with the two-point method.

[0077] The welding of the butt joints of the segmented equipment adopts a four-person symmetrical continuous welding method. Compared with the existing two-person symmetrical discontinuous welding technology, the welding area of ​​each welder is reduced by half, which effectively improves welding efficiency and shortens the construction period. With four-person symmetrical welding, the welding length of each welder is relatively shorter, the welding interval between weld layers is shortened, and the interlayer temperature is easier to control. The continuous welding of the weld does not stop the machine when changing people, forming a shift operation. Compared with the discontinuous welding of working during the day and not working at night, the weld is always in a relatively stable state of preheating and welding energy release, which is more conducive to improving the welding performance. At the same time, it can effectively shorten the construction period and reduce construction costs.

[0078] Non-destructive testing (NDT) employs TOFD (Time-of-Flight) inspection, which, compared to existing radiographic testing (RT), uses ultrasonic waves to perform non-destructive testing on welds. This method is harmless to humans, can non-destructively measure component thickness, significantly improving NDT efficiency. Furthermore, it preserves high-resolution images with scale markings, allowing for integration with AI software for intelligent image interpretation, further enhancing evaluation efficiency. In contrast, RT inspection becomes less efficient the thicker the component, and the unavoidable X-ray or gamma-ray radiation poses significant safety risks. Images obtained through irradiation are low-resolution and require manual interpretation, resulting in overall low efficiency. TOFD significantly improves NDT efficiency, enhances image interpretation efficiency, and effectively reduces NDT safety risks.

[0079] After the butt weld is completed, stress relief is achieved through symmetrical interval post-weld heat treatment. Compared to the integral post-weld heat treatment in existing technologies, this symmetrical interval heat treatment allows the main crane to detach the equipment segment immediately after the butt weld is completed. The heat treatment process does not require additional time for the main crane's lifting operations. Half of the butt weld is heat-treated, while the other half remains untreated. The untreated butt weld itself is strong enough to support the weight of the equipment above it. In contrast, with integral post-weld heat treatment, the entire butt weld is in a heat-treated state during the entire heat treatment process. The overall yield strength will be significantly reduced, making it unable to withstand the weight of the equipment above the butt weld. To ensure equipment and construction safety, the equipment above the butt weld position must always be under lifting stress until the post-weld heat treatment of the butt weld is completed and the yield strength is increased before the hook can be removed and the lifting can be completed. The lifting time occupied by the main crane for symmetrical interval post-weld heat treatment is significantly shorter than that occupied by integral post-weld heat treatment. Using symmetrical interval post-weld heat treatment can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of lifting machinery, reduce the use time of lifting machinery, reduce the cost of lifting machinery, and speed up the overall construction speed, thereby reducing the overall construction cost.

[0080] The technical solution claimed in this invention will be further described below through a relatively specific embodiment.

[0081] This embodiment provides a method for installing a scrubbing tower. The scrubbing tower is 74,500 mm high, 2,200 mm in diameter, made of 09MnNiDR material, weighs 241 tons, has a wall thickness of 50 mm, and a foundation elevation of 0.2 m. Due to the excessive length of the equipment and the fact that the construction site is surrounded by production areas, there are many restrictions. In order to reduce transportation and construction machinery costs, the equipment needs to be brought to the site and installed in sections. Before installing each section, the auxiliary structures, tower pipelines, and temporary operating platforms must be installed at the designated locations on the equipment. These sections are then hoisted together with the equipment sections using a 400-ton crawler crane as the main hoist and a 180-ton crawler crane as an auxiliary hoist for tail-running. After the sections are hoisted, assembled in the air, and their plumbness is accurately aligned and accepted, grouting is performed to complete the entire installation of the equipment.

[0082] I. Segmented Equipment Installation and Construction Process

[0083] Section 1 of the equipment is placed horizontally → Installation of auxiliary structures, tower-mounted pipelines, and temporary operating platform for Section 1 of the equipment → Hoisting and positioning of Section 1 of the equipment → Fine alignment of Section 1 of the equipment → Horizontal placement of Section 2 of the equipment (Section 13) → Installation of auxiliary structures, tower-mounted pipelines, and temporary operating platform for Section 2 of the equipment (Section 13) → Aerial assembly of Section 2 of the equipment (Section 13) and Section 1 of the equipment (Section 11) → Fine alignment of Section 1 of the equipment (Section 11) and Section 2 of the equipment (Section 13) → Welding of butt weld I17 between Section 2 of the equipment (Section 13) and Section 1 of the equipment (Section 11) → Non-destructive testing of butt weld I17 between Section 2 of the equipment (Section 13) and Section 1 of the equipment (Section 13) → The process involves several steps: 1. Post-weld heat treatment of butt weld I17 in Section 1 of the first sectional equipment → Horizontal placement of Section 21 of the third sectional equipment → Installation of auxiliary structures and pipelines for Section 21 of the third sectional equipment → Aerial assembly of Section 21 of the third sectional equipment and Section 13 of the second sectional equipment → Overall fine alignment of Section 1, Section 13 of the second sectional equipment, and Section 21 of the third sectional equipment → Welding of butt weld II25 in Section 21 of the third sectional equipment and Section 13 of the second sectional equipment → Non-destructive testing of butt weld II25 in Section 21 of the third sectional equipment and Section 13 of the second sectional equipment → Post-weld heat treatment of butt weld II25 in Section 21 of the third sectional equipment and Section 13 of the second sectional equipment → Overall fine alignment verification of the equipment → Grouting of the equipment.

[0084] II. Key Points of Segmented Equipment Installation and Construction Methods

[0085] 1. The first segment of the segmented equipment is placed horizontally.

[0086] like Figure 1As shown, after the first section 1 of the segmented equipment is transported to the construction site, the first section 1 of the segmented equipment is placed horizontally on the temporary saddle 6 near the equipment foundation 11. The location of the temporary saddle 6 should avoid the equipment auxiliary platform, the attached tower pipeline and the temporary operating platform. Construction scaffolding is erected on both sides of the construction location of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0087] 2. Installation of auxiliary platforms, auxiliary tower pipelines, and temporary operating platforms for Section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0088] The auxiliary structures, tower-attached pipelines, and temporary operating platform of Section 1 of the equipment were prefabricated and installed on-site using the scaffolding erected on both sides of Section 1. The auxiliary structures of Section 1 include structural support beams, a structural platform and railings, and structural connecting ladders. The installation process proceeded as follows: first, the structural support beams were installed; then, the structural platform and railings were installed; and finally, the structural connecting ladders were installed. After the auxiliary structures of Section 1 were installed, the tower-attached pipelines were installed. Following the installation of the tower-attached pipelines, the temporary operating platform was installed. This platform, located 1 meter above the top of Section 1, was used by construction personnel for welding the I17 butt weld between Section 1 and Section 2 (Section 13), non-destructive testing, and post-weld heat treatment. The scaffolding was dismantled after construction was completed.

[0089] 3. The first section of the segmented equipment was hoisted and positioned.

[0090] (1) Selection of hoisting conditions

[0091] Based on the hoisting operation radius, height, and weight of the segmented equipment, select the hoisting machinery and complete the hoisting and positioning of the first segment 1 of the segmented equipment through the coordinated operation of two cranes.

[0092] Specifically, the maximum lifting radius is determined by the initial position of the segmented equipment, the position of the segmented equipment, and the position of the crane; the maximum lifting height is determined by the installation height of the segmented equipment; the calculated load is determined by the weight of the segmented equipment; and the crane selection is determined by comprehensively considering the maximum lifting radius, the maximum lifting height, and the maximum calculated load.

[0093] The first section of the sectional equipment is 30,500 mm high and 2,200 mm in diameter. The weight of the first section of the sectional equipment is 95 t. The weight of the auxiliary platform, auxiliary pipeline and temporary operating platform is 5 t. The hook is a 150 t class hook with a weight of 4.5 t. The weight of the other lifting slings is 1 t. The foundation elevation is 0.2 m. The specifications of the lifting slings are determined by the maximum calculated load. In this embodiment, the maximum calculated load is Q1 = 1.1 × (95 + 5 + 4.5 + 1) = 116.05t. The main crane 7 has a working radius of 12m, a main boom frame of 48m, and a 400t crawler crane with a rated lifting capacity of 152t is selected. The maximum load rate is 116.5 ÷ 152 = 76.6%, which meets the requirements. The auxiliary crane 8 has a working radius of 12m, a main boom frame of 32m, and a 180t crawler crane with a rated lifting capacity of 75.3t is selected. A 100t hook with a weight of 3.85t is selected, and the remaining lifting slings weigh 0.5t. The maximum load rate is 1.1 × 1.1 × (95 + 5 + 3.85 + 0.5) / (2 × 75.3) = 83.8%. The two cranes work together to complete the hoisting and positioning of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0094] Two main lifting wire ropes 9, each 20m long and φ60-6×37(a)-1670, are selected. Each rope has a breaking strength of 198t and uses a two-strand design with one bend. The calculated safety factor is 6.12 > 6, which meets the requirements. Two auxiliary lifting wire ropes 10, each 14m long and φ44-6×37(a)-1670, are selected. Each rope has a breaking strength of 115t and uses a two-strand design with one bend. The calculated safety factor is 7.29 > 6, which meets the requirements.

[0095] (2) Hoisting of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment

[0096] like Figure 2 As shown in (a), the main crane 7 and the auxiliary crane 8 are positioned in the prescribed positions. The main lifting wire rope 9 is fixed to the main lifting lug I2 in a single strand and two bends manner, and the auxiliary lifting wire rope 10 is fixed to the auxiliary lifting lug I3 at the bottom of the equipment skirt 4 in a single strand and two bends manner. The main crane 7 and auxiliary crane 8 slowly lift according to the lifting signal, so that the main lifting wire rope 9 and auxiliary lifting wire rope 10 are straight and under slight tension. Check whether the condition of the main lifting wire rope 9 and auxiliary lifting wire rope 10 is normal. After confirming that it is normal, the main crane 7 and auxiliary crane 8 continue to lift slowly, so that the slings are fully tensioned. Check whether the tension of each sling is uniform. After the inspection is qualified, the main crane 7 and auxiliary crane 8 continue to lift, so that the first section 1 of the segmented equipment is separated from the temporary saddle 6 by 200 mm. Then, carefully check the tension of the main lifting wire rope 9, auxiliary lifting wire rope 10, main lifting lug I2, and auxiliary lifting lug I3, as well as the mechanical operation of the main crane 7 and auxiliary crane 8. At the same time, check whether the data displayed on the instruments of the main crane 7 and auxiliary crane 8 are within the permitted lifting range. After everything is normal, continue lifting.

[0097] like Figure 2 As shown in (b), the main crane 7 maintains a stable and slow lifting of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment, while the auxiliary crane 8 moves forward slowly according to the lifting situation, cooperating to complete the tail delivery of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0098] like Figure 2 As shown in (c), the main crane 7 and the auxiliary crane 8 work together to erect the first section 1 of the segmented equipment. When the first section 1 of the segmented equipment reaches an elevation angle of 90° with the ground, the auxiliary crane 8 is unhooked. The skirt base plate 5 of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment is 200 mm from the ground. The overall hoisting status is observed to see if it is stable. After everything is normal, the formal hoisting begins.

[0099] like Figure 3 As shown, the main crane 7 slowly lifts the first section 1 of the segmented equipment to the skirt base plate 5, which is 500 mm away from the top of the pre-embedded anchor bolts of the equipment foundation 11. After confirming that the position of the equipment pipe is correct, the first section 1 of the segmented equipment is slowly placed on the equipment foundation 11 to complete the hoisting and placement.

[0100] 4. Precise alignment of the first segment of the segmented equipment.

[0101] Because the segmented equipment is installed segment by segment, it is prone to large straightness deviations and cumulative errors. To reduce the straightness deviation of each segment in the initial alignment state, reduce the cumulative verticality error after assembly and welding of each segment, and improve the installation accuracy of the segmented equipment, initial alignment is no longer performed after the segmented equipment is in place or assembled; instead, fine alignment is used directly. At the same time, to improve the accuracy and rationality of fine alignment, a four-point method is used instead of a two-point method. The four-point method fully considers the actual deviations that exist in the equipment during the manufacturing process and balances the measurement data. The actual deviations of 0° and 180°, and 90° and 270° of the segmented equipment can be balanced and canceled out. The balanced data value is closer to the actual verticality value. Under the same deviation requirements, the equipment alignment accuracy and rationality are significantly improved compared to the two-point method.

[0102] like Figure 4 As shown, the precise alignment of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment was completed through the adjustment of the shims 12 and the symmetrical measurement of two theodolites. Precise measurements were taken in four vertical directions: 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. The verticality measurement values ​​for the upper side of the first section 1 at the same height are: a1 on the 0° side, b1 on the 90° side, c1 on the 180° side, and d1 on the 270° side; and a1' on the lower side at the same height, a1' on the 0° side, b1' on the 90° side, c1' on the 180° side, and d1' on the 270° side. The vertical distance between the upper and lower measurement points on the equipment is h1.

[0103] When measuring, 0° and 180° are grouped together, and the vertical deviation is ((a-a')+(c-c')) / 2. 90° and 270° are grouped together, and the vertical deviation is ((b-b')+(d-d')) / 2. The overall vertical deviation of the segmented equipment is required to not exceed h / 1000 and not exceed 50 mm to be considered qualified.

[0104] 5. The second section (section 13) of the segmented equipment is placed horizontally.

[0105] like Figure 5 As shown, coordinate the arrival time of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment. After the first section 1 of the segmented equipment is lifted, the second section 13 of the segmented equipment will arrive on site. Use the auxiliary crane 8 to unload the second section 13 of the segmented equipment and place it horizontally near the equipment foundation 11. The construction method is the same as the horizontal placement construction method of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0106] 6. Installation of auxiliary structures, pipelines attached to the tower, and temporary operating platform for Section 13 of the segmented equipment.

[0107] The installation of the auxiliary structures, attached tower pipelines, and temporary operating platform of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment shall be carried out in the same manner as the installation of the auxiliary platforms, attached tower pipelines, and temporary operating platforms of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0108] 7. Aerial assembly of section 13 of segmented equipment and section 1 of segmented equipment.

[0109] (1) Selection of hoisting conditions

[0110] The method for selecting the hoisting conditions for the second section 13 of the sectional equipment is the same as that for the first section 1. The difference is that the height of the second section 13 is 28500 mm, the weight is 94 t, the maximum calculated load is Q2=1.1×(94+5+4.5+1)=114.95t, the positioning elevation is 0.2+30.5=30.7m, the upper elevation of the equipment is 30.7+28.5=59.2m, the main crane 7 has a main boom frame of 72m, a maximum working radius of 12m, a rated lifting capacity of 127t, and a maximum load rate of 114.95÷127=90.5%, which meets the requirements; the auxiliary crane 8 has the same working conditions, the maximum working radius is unchanged, and the maximum load rate is 1.1×1.1×(94+5+3.85+0.5) / (2×75.3)=83%, which meets the requirements.

[0111] (2) Hoisting and aerial assembly of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment

[0112] like Figure 6As shown in (a), the initial hoisting method of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is the same as that of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment. The main crane 7 and the auxiliary crane 8 are positioned at the specified positions. The main hoisting wire rope 9 is fixed at the main lifting ear II 14 in a one-strand two-bend manner, and the auxiliary hoisting wire rope 10 is fixed at the auxiliary lifting ear II 15 at the bottom of the equipment in a one-strand two-bend manner.

[0113] As Figure 6 shown in (b), the lifting and tailing delivery methods of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment are the same as those of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0114] As Figure 6 shown in (c), the erection method of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is the same as that of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0115] As Figure 7 shown, in order to accurately assemble the segmented equipment, marking lines I 18 are pre-marked at the equipment interfaces between the first section 1 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment. The main crane 7 hoists the second section 13 of the segmented equipment to the upper port of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment, and performs aerial assembly with the first section 1 of the segmented equipment according to the marking lines I 18. During aerial assembly, the temporary assembly tooling I 16 is used to adjust and limit the second section 13 of the segmented equipment.

[0116] 8. Overall fine alignment of the first section 1 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment

[0117] As Figure 8 shown, first, fine alignment of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is carried out. By adjusting the temporary assembly tooling I 16 between the second section 13 and the first section 1 of the segmented equipment, fine alignment of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is achieved by using the four-point method. The fine alignment method of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is the same as that of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment. After meeting the requirements, the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is spot welded and fixed to the temporary assembly tooling I 16. Then, the first section 1 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment are fine aligned as a whole. The overall fine alignment method is the same as that of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment. The vertical measurement point distance of the upper and lower parts of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is h2, and the vertical measurement point distance from the first section 1 to the upper and lower parts of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is h1-2. It is required that the overall deviation of the equipment verticality does not exceed h / 1000 and does not exceed 50 mm to be qualified.

[0118] 9. Welding of the butt weld I 17 between the second section 13 and the first section 1 of the segmented equipment

[0119] The main body of the segmented equipment is made of 09MnNiDR, a low-alloy steel plate used in the manufacture of cryogenic pressure vessels. Based on its characteristics and welding procedure qualification, CHL707R low-hydrogen sodium type welding electrodes were selected. Because the segmented equipment is made of low-alloy steel, to ensure good weld performance of the I17 butt weld, the I17 position needs to be preheated to 150℃ before welding. Welding will commence after the preheating requirement is met. To improve welding efficiency, control interpass temperature, disperse welding stress, improve weld performance, shorten the construction period, and reduce construction costs, the welding of the I17 butt weld of the segmented equipment adopts a four-person symmetrical continuous welding method instead of a two-person symmetrical discontinuous welding method.

[0120] like Figure 9 As shown, during the formal welding, four qualified welders will be selected to perform symmetrical welding in the same direction at four positions: 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°, on the butt weld I17. To ensure the welding quality and construction progress of the butt weld I17, the welding should be completed continuously in one go without interruption. To ensure equipment and construction safety, the second section 13 of the equipment above the butt weld I17 position must remain under lifting load until the butt weld I17 is completed and the temperature at the welding position is below 200°C before the hook can be removed and the lifting can be stopped.

[0121] 10. Non-destructive testing of butt welds I17 in the second section 13 and the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0122] After the butt weld I17 is completed, the main crane 7 finishes its lifting operation. Based on the material characteristics of the equipment, non-destructive testing (NDT) should be performed 24 hours after the butt weld I17 is completed and before post-weld heat treatment. Since the equipment body wall thickness reaches 50 mm, X-ray testing (RT) would be too time-consuming and involve significant radiation. While lambda-ray testing would be faster, the radiation source poses a greater risk. To improve the efficiency of NDT for butt weld I17 and reduce safety risks, TOFD testing is used instead of RT. TOFD testing uses ultrasonic waves to perform NDT on the weld, is harmless to humans, and can non-destructively measure component thickness, greatly improving efficiency. Furthermore, this method preserves high-resolution images with scale markings, allowing for integration with AI software for intelligent image analysis and improved efficiency.

[0123] 11. Post-weld heat treatment of butt weld I17 of the second section of the segmented equipment (section 13) and the first section of the segmented equipment (section 1).

[0124] To release the welding stress of butt weld I17 and improve its welding performance, butt weld I17 needs to undergo post-weld heat treatment after welding. To reduce the time occupied by the main crane 7, lower the cost of construction machinery, and accelerate the overall construction progress, symmetrical interval post-weld heat treatment is adopted for butt weld I17 instead of overall post-weld heat treatment. By employing symmetrical, intermittent post-weld heat treatment, the main crane 7 can be unhooked immediately after the butt weld I17 of the segmented equipment is completed. The heat treatment of the butt weld I17 does not require any time spent on hoisting the main crane. Half of the butt weld I17 is in a heat-treated state, while the other half remains untreated. The untreated butt weld I17 itself is strong enough to withstand the weight of the equipment above it. The hoisting time required for symmetrical, intermittent post-weld heat treatment on the main crane 7 is significantly shorter than that required for integral post-weld heat treatment. This symmetrical, intermittent post-weld heat treatment effectively improves the utilization efficiency of the lifting machinery, reduces its usage time, lowers its cost, and accelerates the overall construction speed, thereby reducing the overall construction cost.

[0125] like Figure 10 As shown, the butt weld I17 is divided into four regions, with each 90° interval constituting one region. Each region's heating element I19 has an independent electrical circuit. The heating element I19 uses a ceramic heating strip with a width of 400 mm. After the heating element I19 completely covers the butt weld I17, it is covered with a double layer of rock wool felt I20 and secured with steel straps. Each layer of rock wool felt I20 is 50 mm thick and 600 mm wide. The joints of the upper and lower layers of rock wool felt I20 should be staggered by at least 200 mm. During the post-weld heat treatment of butt weld I17, the electrical circuits of the first and third zones of the heating element I19 are symmetrically connected first. The butt welds I17 in the first and third zones are then subjected to post-weld heat treatment. The temperature is raised to 400℃, and the heating rate does not exceed 160℃ / h. When the temperature reaches 560℃, it is held at a constant temperature for 2.5 hours. After the holding period, cooling begins, with a cooling rate not exceeding 160℃ / h. After the temperature drops to 400℃, it is allowed to cool naturally. Once the temperature drops to 200℃, the circuit is disconnected, ending the post-weld heat treatment of the butt welds I17 in the first and third zones. After the post-weld heat treatment of the first and third zones, the post-weld heat treatment of the butt welds I17 in the second and fourth zones is performed, using the same method. After the post-weld heat treatment of the second and fourth zones, the rock wool felt I20 and heating element I19 in all four zones are removed, completing the post-weld heat treatment work for all butt welds I17.

[0126] 12. The third segment, section 21, of the segmented equipment is placed horizontally.

[0127] like Figure 11As shown, coordinate the arrival time of the third section 21 of the segmented equipment. After the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is lifted, the third section 21 of the segmented equipment will arrive on site. Use the auxiliary crane 8 to unload the third section 21 of the segmented equipment and place it horizontally near the equipment foundation 11. The construction method is the same as the horizontal placement construction method of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0128] 13. Installation of auxiliary structures and pipelines for the third section of the segmented equipment (equipment 21).

[0129] The installation of auxiliary structures and pipelines for Section 3 (21) of the sectional equipment follows the same construction method as the installation of auxiliary platforms and pipelines for Section 1 (1). The difference is that Section 3 (21) is the final section of the sectional equipment, therefore a temporary operating platform is not installed thereafter.

[0130] 14. Aerial assembly of section 21 (third section of segmented equipment) and section 13 (second section of segmented equipment).

[0131] (1) Selection of hoisting conditions

[0132] The method for selecting the hoisting condition of section 21 of the third segment equipment is the same as that for section 1 of the first segment equipment. The difference is that the height of section 21 of the third segment equipment is 15500 mm, the weight is 52 t, the maximum calculated load is Q2=1.1×(52+5+4.5+1)=68.75t, the positioning elevation is 0.2+30.5+28.5=59.2m, the upper elevation of the equipment is 59.2+15.5=74.7m, the main crane 7 selects a working condition of 84m for the main boom, the maximum working radius is 14m, the rated lifting capacity is 98t, and the maximum load rate is 68.75÷98=70.2%, which meets the requirements; the working condition of the auxiliary crane 8 remains unchanged, the maximum working radius remains unchanged, and the maximum load rate is 1.1×1.1×(52+5+3.85+0.5) / (2×75.3)=40.74%, which meets the requirements.

[0133] (2) Hoisting and aerial assembly of the third section 21 of the segmented equipment

[0134] like Figure 12 As shown in (a), the initial hoisting method for the third section 21 of the segmented equipment is the same as the initial hoisting method for the first section 1 of the segmented equipment. The main crane 7 and the auxiliary crane 8 are positioned according to the specified positions. The main hoisting wire rope 9 is fixed to the main lifting lug III22 using a single strand and two bends, and the auxiliary hoisting wire rope 10 is fixed to the auxiliary lifting lug III23 at the bottom of the equipment using a single strand and two bends.

[0135] like Figure 12 As shown in (b), the lifting and tail-end delivery method of the third segment 21 of the segmented equipment is the same as the lifting and tail-end delivery method of the first segment 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0136] like Figure 12As shown in (c), the erection method of the third section 21 of the segmented equipment is the same as that of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0137] As Figure 13 shown, to accurately align the segmented equipment, a marking line II26 is pre-marked at the equipment interface between the second section 13 and the third section 21 of the segmented equipment. The main crane 7 hoists the third section 21 of the segmented equipment to the upper port of the second section 13 of the segmented equipment, and performs in-air alignment with the second section 13 of the segmented equipment according to the marking line II26. During in-air alignment, a temporary alignment tool II24 is used to adjust and limit the third section 21 of the segmented equipment.

[0138] 15. Overall precise alignment of the first section 1, the second section 13, and the third section 21 of the segmented equipment

[0139] As Figure 14 shown, first, precise alignment of the third section 21 of the segmented equipment is carried out. By adjusting the temporary alignment tool II24 between the third section 21 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment, precise alignment of the third section 21 of the segmented equipment is achieved using the four-point method. After meeting the requirements, the third section 21 of the segmented equipment is spot-welded and fixed to the temporary alignment tool II24; then, the first section 1, the second section 13, and the third section 21 of the segmented equipment are precisely aligned as a whole. The overall precise alignment method is the same as that of the first section 1 of the segmented equipment. The vertical measurement point distance of the third section 21 of the segmented equipment is h3, and the vertical measurement point distance from the first section 1 to the third section 21 of the segmented equipment is h1-3. It is required that the overall deviation of the equipment's verticality does not exceed h / 1000 and does not exceed 50 mm to be qualified.

[0140] 16. Welding of the butt weld II25 between the third section 21 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment

[0141] As Figure 15 shown, the welding method of the butt weld II25 between the third section 21 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is the same as the welding method of the butt weld I17 between the second section 13 and the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0142] 17. Nondestructive testing of the butt weld II25 between the third section 21 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment

[0143] The nondestructive testing method of the butt weld II25 between the third section 21 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is the same as the nondestructive testing method of the butt weld I17 between the second section 13 and the first section 1 of the segmented equipment.

[0144] 18. Post-weld heat treatment of the butt weld II25 between the third section 21 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment

[0145] As Figure 16As shown, the post-weld heat treatment method for butt welds II25 in the third section 21 and the second section 13 of the segmented equipment is the same as that for butt welds I17 in the second section 13 and the first section 1 of the segmented equipment. The heating element II27 uses a ceramic heating belt. After the heating element II27 completely covers the butt weld, it is covered with double-layer rock wool felt II28 and securely bound with steel straps.

[0146] 19. Overall equipment alignment and verification.

[0147] like Figure 17 As shown, after all the work of assembling, welding, non-destructive testing, and post-weld heat treatment of all segmented equipment is completed, a fine alignment check of the entire equipment is carried out. The construction method is the same as the fine alignment method of the first segment 1, the second segment 13, and the third segment 21. After the fine alignment check meets the requirements, the anchor bolts are tightened and the two sides of the shim 12 are spot welded and fixed.

[0148] 20. Equipment grouting

[0149] Before the equipment is in place, roughen the surface of the equipment foundation 11 and clean up any loose materials. After the equipment is precisely aligned, verified, and accepted, thoroughly wet the surface of the equipment foundation 11 with clean water and clean up any excess water. Install an outer formwork on the upper part of the equipment foundation 11. The distance between the outer formwork and the outer edge of the skirt base plate 5 should not be less than 60 mm, and the top height of the outer formwork should exceed the upper surface of the skirt base plate 5 by 10 mm. Since the anchor bolts are pre-embedded bolts, primary grouting is not required; secondary grouting is performed directly. C60 non-shrink grout is used for secondary grouting. Grouting between the equipment foundation 11 and the skirt base plate 5 is completed in one go. Since the skirt base plate 5 is a ring plate, grout is poured from the middle of the skirt base plate 5, and the grout flows from the middle to the surrounding area. The upper part of the grout layer is flush with the upper surface of the skirt base plate 5.

[0150] The scope of protection claimed by this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, this invention can have various modifications and alterations. Any modifications, improvements, and equivalent substitutions made within the concept and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing segmented tower equipment, characterized in that, The tower-type equipment is divided into three sections from bottom to top: the first section, the second section, and the third section. The installation and construction methods include: Step 1: The first section of the segmented equipment is hoisted into place and precisely aligned; Step 2: The second segment of the segmented equipment is assembled with the first segment of the segmented equipment in the air, and the first and second segments of the segmented equipment are precisely aligned as a whole. Step 3: Weld the butt weld between the second section of the segmented equipment and the first section of the segmented equipment, and perform non-destructive testing and post-weld heat treatment on the butt weld. Step 4: The third segment of the segmented equipment is assembled with the second segment of the segmented equipment in the air, and the first, second and third segments of the segmented equipment are precisely aligned as a whole. Step 5: Weld the butt weld between the third section and the second section of the segmented equipment, and perform non-destructive testing and post-weld heat treatment on the butt weld. Step Six: Overall fine alignment and verification of the equipment; In steps one, two, four, and six above, the fine alignment is completed by measuring the equipment in four vertical directions: 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° using the four-point method. The operation steps of the four-point method are as follows: The verticality measurement value for the 0° side of the equipment to be aligned at the same height is a, the verticality measurement value for the 90° side is b, the verticality measurement value for the 180° side is c, and the verticality measurement value for the 270° side is d. The verticality measurement value of the 0° side of the equipment to be aligned is a', the verticality measurement value of the 90° side is b', the verticality measurement value of the 180° side is c', and the verticality measurement value of the 270° side is d'. During measurement, 0° and 180° are grouped together, and the vertical deviation is ((a-a')+(c-c')) / 2. 90° and 270° are grouped together, and the vertical deviation is ((b-b')+(d-d')) / 2. The overall vertical deviation of the equipment to be aligned is ≤h / 1000 and ≤50mm to be considered qualified, where h is the distance between the vertical measurement points of the segmented equipment. In steps three and five, the post-weld heat treatment is a symmetrical interval post-weld heat treatment, that is, half of the butt weld is in a heat-treated state and the other half is in an untreated state.

2. The installation and construction method for segmented tower equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the precise alignment of the first segment of the segmented equipment is completed by adjusting the combination of shims and using the theodolite in symmetrical coordination with the four-point method.

3. The installation and construction method for segmented tower equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step two, the second section of the segmented equipment is first precisely aligned. By adjusting the temporary assembly fixture between the second section of the segmented equipment and the first section of the segmented equipment, the four-point method is used to precisely align the second section of the segmented equipment. Then, the second section of the segmented equipment is spot-welded to the temporary assembly fixture, and the first and second sections of the segmented equipment are then precisely aligned using the four-point method as a whole.

4. The installation and construction method for segmented tower equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step four, the third section of the segmented equipment is first precisely aligned. By adjusting the temporary assembly tooling between the third section and the second section of the segmented equipment, the four-point method is used to achieve precise alignment of the third section of the segmented equipment. Then, the third section of the segmented equipment is spot-welded to the temporary assembly fixture, and the first, second, and third sections of the segmented equipment are then precisely aligned using the four-point method as a whole.

5. The installation and construction method for segmented tower equipment according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: In steps three and five, when welding the butt weld, the welder performs symmetrical welding in the same direction at positions of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° on the equipment.

6. The installation and construction method for segmented tower equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: In steps three and five, the non-destructive testing employs TOFD (Time-of-Flight) detection.

7. The installation and construction method for segmented tower equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: During post-weld heat treatment, the butt weld is divided into four regions, with each 90° interval being one region. Each region has an independent electrical circuit for the heating element. The heating element uses ceramic heating tape. After the heating element completely covers the butt weld, double-layer rock wool felt is used to cover the heating element and it is securely bound with steel straps.

8. The installation and construction method for segmented tower equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: During post-weld heat treatment, the electrical circuits of the first and third zones of the heating elements are symmetrically connected first to perform post-weld heat treatment on the butt welds in the first and third zones. After heating to 400℃, the heating rate is ≤160℃ / h. When the temperature reaches 560℃, constant temperature holding is performed. After the constant temperature holding is completed, cooling begins, with a cooling rate ≤160℃ / h. After cooling to 400℃, natural cooling is performed. After cooling to 200℃, the circuit is disconnected, and the post-weld heat treatment of the butt welds in the first and third zones is completed. After the post-weld heat treatment of the first and third zones is completed, the post-weld heat treatment of the butt welds in the second and fourth zones is performed, using the same method as the post-weld heat treatment of the first and third zones. After the post-weld heat treatment of the second and fourth zones is completed, the rock wool felt and heating elements in all four zones are removed, completing the post-weld heat treatment work for all butt welds.

9. The installation and construction method for segmented tower equipment according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: Before hoisting, the auxiliary structures, tower pipelines, and temporary operating platforms on the first, second, and third sections of the sectional equipment had all been installed.

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