A fluorescent staining technique-based rapid detection method for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

Abstract

The technical scheme relates to a bronchoalveolar lavage fluid rapid detection method based on a fluorescent dyeing technology and a corresponding detection device, aiming to improve the detection efficiency of alveolar lavage and sampling screening. The detection device comprises an endoscope assembly, a lavage fluid supply module, a recovery module and a control module. The recovery module is provided with a component for adding a fluorescent dyeing agent to the recovery liquid. The fluorescent dyeing agent is injected into the recovery liquid during the recovery process of the lavage fluid as needed, and the dynamic and uniform mixing of the dyeing liquid and the lavage fluid is realized by combining the electromagnetic drive stirring mechanism. The control module automatically adjusts the injection amount, mixing speed and stirring duration of the dyeing agent according to the preset parameters or real-time detection data, which significantly saves the dyeing reaction time in the operation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical testing technology, and specifically relates to a rapid detection method for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid based on fluorescence staining technology. Background Technology

[0002] In clinical examinations of lung diseases, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a commonly used sampling method that directly obtains alveolar fluid for cytological analysis, pathogen detection, and the identification of immunomarkers. However, traditional BAL fluid testing procedures suffer from complex steps, time-consuming manual staining, and insufficient mixing of staining solutions, resulting in long testing cycles and failing to meet the clinical needs for rapid diagnosis. Especially in scenarios involving acute respiratory infections, immune-mediated pneumonia, or large-scale epidemic screening, methods relying on laboratory staining and processing are no longer sufficient for rapid response. Furthermore, existing devices are mostly of a separate structure, requiring sample transfer between multiple devices for lavage, staining, and detection, increasing the risk of contamination and errors. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more integrated, automated BAL detection system suitable for rapid fluorescent staining to improve overall testing efficiency and standardization.

[0003] A review of relevant publicly available technologies reveals that the technical solution with publication number CN113274563B proposes an irrigation catheter and a corresponding irrigation catheter system to improve the ease of aspiration during irrigation operations; the technical solution with publication number TW201637672A proposes a flow-guiding irrigation head structure, which improves the sealing performance of the irrigation head at the connection through an improved mechanical structure; and the technical solution with publication number US12251530B2 proposes an automatic bronchial irrigation and aspiration device for clearing sputum or other secretions from the patient's bronchi.

[0004] The above technical solutions all propose several technical solutions to improve the convenience and efficiency of irrigation operations, but currently there are few technical solutions specifically discussed for the relevant inspection process using fluorescence detection technology.

[0005] The foregoing description of the background art is intended only to facilitate understanding of the invention. This description does not endorse or acknowledge any common general knowledge in the materials mentioned. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid detection method and corresponding detection device for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid based on fluorescent staining technology, aiming to improve the detection efficiency of bronchoalveolar lavage and sampling screening. The detection device includes an endoscope assembly, an lavage fluid supply module, a recovery module, and a control module. The recovery module is equipped with a component for adding fluorescent dye to the recovered fluid. By injecting fluorescent dye into the recovered fluid as needed during the lavage fluid recovery process, and combining this with an electromagnetically driven stirring mechanism, dynamic and uniform mixing of the dye and the lavage fluid is achieved. The control module automatically adjusts the amount of dye injected, the mixing speed, and the stirring duration according to preset parameters or real-time detection data, significantly saving staining reaction time in the operation process.

[0007] This invention adopts the following technical solution: a rapid detection method for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid based on fluorescence staining technology, the detection method comprising the following steps:

[0008] S100: Based on the basic pathology or pre-screening test results of the subject, estimate the target analyte to be tested, select one or more fluorescent staining agents according to the target analyte, and configure each fluorescent staining agent into an independent reservoir.

[0009] S200: Input multiple preset control parameters into the control module;

[0010] S300: Perform bronchoalveolar perfusion on the patient and recover the perfusion fluid;

[0011] S400: As the perfusion fluid is recovered and injected into the recovery tank, the control module injects the specified fluorescent dye into the recovery tank according to preset parameters, and continuously stirs and mixes the mixture of the recovered fluid and the fluorescent dye.

[0012] S500: Once the recovered liquid reaches the preset capacity, maintain sufficient mixing time and transfer the fully mixed recovered liquid to the next stage of testing.

[0013] Preferably, the detection method further includes performing the following operations during step S400:

[0014] The mixture in the recovery tank is rapidly detected to update the control parameters in real time, and the updated control parameters are then executed.

[0015] Preferably, the preset parameters include at least:

[0016] Injection parameters, including the injection dose and injection timing of the fluorescent staining agent;

[0017] The mixing parameters include at least one of the following: mixing mode, mixing speed, and mixing duration.

[0018] Preferably, the rapid detection of the mixture in the recovery tank includes one or more of the following parameters:

[0019] The current weight of the recovered liquid;

[0020] Fluorescence reaction of the current recovered liquid.

[0021] Simultaneously, a rapid detection device for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid based on fluorescence staining technology is proposed. This detection device is applied to the detection method to perform the detection operation. The detection device includes:

[0022] An endoscope assembly includes an operating handle and a guide tube extending from it. The guide tube is provided with a working channel for the injection and recovery of irrigation fluid, and an endoscope imaging component can be introduced through the working channel to acquire images of the inside of the bronchi.

[0023] The irrigation fluid supply module includes an infusion set connected to the infusion port of the operating handle for injecting irrigation fluid into the patient's bronchus.

[0024] The recovery module includes a negative pressure source for generating negative pressure, a recovery liquid container assembly, and a negative pressure circuit connected to the guide tube; the recovery liquid container assembly includes a recovery tank, and by generating negative pressure in the recovery tank through the negative pressure source, the rinsing liquid is drawn into the recovery tank, thereby realizing the recovery of the rinsing liquid;

[0025] The recovered liquid container assembly further includes a fluorescent dye injection sub-assembly; the fluorescent dye injection sub-assembly includes at least one reservoir for temporarily storing fluorescent dye and a squeezer, which squeezes the reservoir to allow the dyeing liquid stored in the reservoir to enter the recovered tank;

[0026] The recovered liquid container assembly also includes a stirring and mixing sub-assembly; the stirring and mixing sub-assembly includes an electromagnetic actuator disposed below the recovery tank and a magnetic mixing block at the bottom of the recovery chamber inside the recovery tank; the electromagnetic actuator drives the mixing block non-contactly to mix the recovered liquid and dye after the recovered liquid is injected into the recovery tank;

[0027] Furthermore, the detection device also includes the control module, which is used to receive and store multiple control parameters. The control module is electrically connected to the extruder and the electromagnetic actuator, and generates control commands to control the extruder and the electromagnetic actuator to operate.

[0028] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are:

[0029] This technical solution integrates a fluorescent dye injection structure and an electromagnetically driven stirring structure within the recovery liquid container, enabling simultaneous dye injection and liquid mixing during the rinsing liquid recovery process. Compared to the traditional multi-step process of separation staining, transfer, and waiting for mixing, this significantly shortens staining preparation time and improves emergency detection capabilities.

[0030] This technical solution automatically adjusts the dyeing agent extrusion amount and mixing speed by dynamically monitoring the weight of the recovered liquid in the recovery tank. This feedback control mechanism effectively optimizes the dyeing agent dosage ratio, avoids over- or under-dosing, maintains good stirring effect, and improves dyeing uniformity.

[0031] The technical solution allows for the configuration of multiple staining agent reservoirs, supporting rapid fluorescent labeling detection of different target pathogens. It is suitable for rapid screening of pathogens such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza virus, and has good versatility and clinical applicability, which helps to promote the practical application of point-of-care rapid testing equipment.

[0032] The detection device of this technical solution adopts a modular design in both its hardware and software components. Each working module and component of the hardware component, as well as the instructions, parameters, and algorithms of the software component, can be easily replaced and / or upgraded later, thereby reducing the construction and maintenance costs of this system. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The invention will be further understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but rather the emphasis is on illustrating the principles of the embodiments. In different views, the same reference numerals designate corresponding parts.

[0034] Reference numerals: 100-Detection device; 101-Endoscope assembly; 102-Recovery fluid container assembly; 104-Negative pressure device; 106-Processing device; 110-Operating handle; 111-Guide tube; 112-Infusion set; 121-Input end; 122-Negative pressure end; 123-Infusion port; 204-Recovery tank; 210-Functional base; 211-Electromagnetic actuator; 212-Mixing block; 222-Recovery chamber; 224-Reservoir chamber; 226-Squeezer; 228-Injection port; 230-One-way permeation membrane; 302-Pressure sensor; 500-Computer system; 502-Bus; 504-Processor; 506-Main memory; 508-Read-only memory; 510-Storage device; 512-Display; 514-Input device; 516-Cursor control device; 518-Network device;

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the detection method described in this invention;

[0036] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the frame of the detection device described in this invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the recovery liquid container assembly described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the recovery liquid container assembly described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the computer system framework used by the processing device in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to its embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Other systems, methods, and / or features of this embodiment will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reviewing the following detailed description. All such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages are intended to be included within this specification, within the scope of the invention, and protected by the appended claims. Further features of the disclosed embodiments are described in the following detailed description, and these features will become apparent from the following detailed description.

[0041] In the accompanying drawings of this invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation. Because the invention is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Example 1: An exemplary method for rapid detection of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid based on fluorescence staining technology is proposed, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, the detection method includes the following steps:

[0043] S100: Based on the basic pathology or pre-screening test results of the subject, estimate the target analyte to be tested, select one or more fluorescent staining agents according to the target analyte, and configure each fluorescent staining agent into an independent reservoir.

[0044] S200: Input multiple preset control parameters into the control module;

[0045] S300: Perform bronchoalveolar perfusion on the patient and recover the perfusion fluid;

[0046] S400: As the perfusion fluid is recovered and injected into the recovery tank, the control module injects the specified fluorescent dye into the recovery tank according to preset parameters, and continuously stirs and mixes the mixture of the recovered fluid and the fluorescent dye.

[0047] S500: Once the recovered liquid reaches the preset capacity, maintain sufficient mixing time and transfer the fully mixed recovered liquid to the next stage of testing.

[0048] Preferably, the detection method further includes performing the following operations during step S400:

[0049] The mixture in the recovery tank is rapidly detected to update the control parameters in real time, and the updated control parameters are then executed.

[0050] Preferably, the preset parameters include at least:

[0051] Injection parameters, including the injection dose and injection timing of the fluorescent staining agent;

[0052] The mixing parameters include at least one of the following: mixing mode, mixing speed, and mixing duration.

[0053] Preferably, the rapid detection of the mixture in the recovery tank includes one or more of the following parameters:

[0054] The current weight of the recovered liquid;

[0055] Fluorescence reaction of the current recovered liquid.

[0056] Simultaneously, a rapid detection device for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid based on fluorescence staining technology is proposed. This detection device is applied to the detection method to perform the detection operation. The detection device includes:

[0057] An endoscope assembly includes an operating handle and a guide tube extending from it. The guide tube is provided with a working channel for the injection and recovery of irrigation fluid, and an endoscope imaging component can be introduced through the working channel to acquire images of the inside of the bronchi.

[0058] The irrigation fluid supply module includes an infusion set connected to the infusion port of the operating handle for injecting irrigation fluid into the patient's bronchus.

[0059] The recovery module includes a negative pressure source for generating negative pressure, a recovery liquid container assembly, and a negative pressure circuit connected to the guide tube; the recovery liquid container assembly includes a recovery tank, and by generating negative pressure in the recovery tank through the negative pressure source, the rinsing liquid is drawn into the recovery tank, thereby realizing the recovery of the rinsing liquid;

[0060] The recovered liquid container assembly further includes a fluorescent dye injection sub-assembly; the fluorescent dye injection sub-assembly includes at least one reservoir for temporarily storing fluorescent dye and a squeezer, which squeezes the reservoir to allow the dyeing liquid stored in the reservoir to enter the recovered tank;

[0061] The recovered liquid container assembly also includes a stirring and mixing sub-assembly; the stirring and mixing sub-assembly includes an electromagnetic actuator disposed below the recovery tank and a magnetic mixing block at the bottom of the recovery chamber inside the recovery tank; the electromagnetic actuator drives the mixing block non-contactly to mix the recovered liquid and dye after the recovered liquid is injected into the recovery tank;

[0062] Furthermore, the detection device also includes the control module, which is used to receive and store multiple control parameters. The control module is electrically connected to the extruder and the electromagnetic actuator, and generates control commands to control the extruder and the electromagnetic actuator to operate.

[0063] For example, see attached Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of a detection device 100 using the detection method described in this technical solution. The detection device 100 includes an endoscope assembly 101 and a recovery fluid container assembly 102 for containing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

[0064] The endoscope assembly 101 includes an operating handle 110 and a guide tube 111 extending from the detection end of the operating handle 110. The operating handle 110 includes a gripping end and a detection end. During use, the operating handle 110 is held and operated by a medical professional to control the insertion distance, pointing angle, and other postures of the guide tube 111. The guide tube 111 includes a working channel extending from the interior of the operating handle 110 to the distal end of the guide tube 111. The working channel includes a first channel for accommodating the tubing portion of the endoscope and a second channel for delivering irrigation fluid. An exemplary description is provided below. Figure 1 Only a portion of the guide tube 111 is shown. The recovery liquid container assembly 102 is connected via a conduit to the manifold inside the operating handle 110 through the input end 121 and further communicates with the second channel of the guide tube 111. On the other hand, the negative pressure end 122 of the recovery liquid container assembly 102 is connected via a conduit to the negative pressure device 104.

[0065] The operating handle 110 also includes an infusion port 123; the infusion port 123 is connected to the guide tube 111 through a manifold provided inside the operating handle 110. The user injects physiological saline solution for alveolar lavage into the infusion port 123 under pressure by operating the infusion set 112, and then further enters the patient's bronchus through the guide tube 111.

[0066] At this time, the negative pressure device 104 is activated to introduce negative pressure into the recovery fluid container assembly 102 through the negative pressure end 122, so that the inside of the recovery fluid container assembly 102 is a negative pressure environment. At this time, the physiological saline solution that was irrigated in the patient, along with the body fluid that was flushed out of the bronchus, enters the guide tube 111 and is drawn into the recovery fluid container assembly 102.

[0067] Preferably, the endoscope's tubing can be introduced into the patient's bronchus via the guide tube 111 to acquire images within the bronchus, and this image acquisition can be performed during bronchoalveolar lavage. Preferably, the endoscope assembly 101 includes necessary imaging elements, such as an image acquisition module, an illumination source, and image signal transmission lines. Preferably, the image acquisition module may include a CMOS or CCD image sensor, positioned at or near the distal end of the guide tube 111, for acquiring real-time images of the bronchial wall. The illumination source may employ a fiber optic light guide structure or a miniature LED array to provide sufficient illumination within the bronchial lumen. The acquired image signal can be transmitted via the signal transmission line embedded in the guide tube 111 to the operating handle 110, and then connected from the operating handle 110 to the processing device 106 via an external image transmission cable 110. The image information within the bronchial lumen is displayed in real-time on the screen of the processing device 106, and the image information is stored and further analyzed.

[0068] Through the imaging element, the user can observe the position of the tip of the guide tube 111 and the anatomical features within the bronchus in real time during the lavage procedure, thereby achieving visual guidance and effectively improving the safety and accuracy of the alveolar lavage procedure.

[0069] Preferably, the detection device 100 may further include one or more flow meters configured to measure the amount of fluid output from the infusion set 112 and / or the amount of fluid recovered from the distal end of the working channel.

[0070] When the detection device 100 is used to perform bronchial irrigation on a patient, the user can control the position of the distal end of the guide tube 111 inside the patient's bronchus by operating the control handle 110. This includes controlling the depth of the distal end of the guide tube 111 by pushing in and pulling back the guide tube 111, and controlling the forward orientation of the distal end of the guide tube 111 by flipping the control handle 110.

[0071] At the same time, users can observe the surface features of the patient's bronchi through real-time images obtained by the endoscope, and use the obtained images to assist in the irrigation operation.

[0072] Appendix Figure 2 The connecting cables, conduits, etc. shown are for illustrative purposes only. Their actual lengths need to be set to a sufficient length based on the actual situation of the detection device 100, and should be set so as not to affect the user's irrigation and endoscopy operations.

[0073] Further details are attached. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the appearance of the recovered liquid container assembly 102. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the recovered liquid container assembly 102, used to schematically illustrate its internal functional structure.

[0074] For example, the functional base 210 is located below the recycling can 204, supporting and covering the bottom of the recycling can 204. Preferably, the functional base 210 is made of polycarbonate (PC) or ABS engineering plastic to provide placement space for the internal components. Preferably, the recycling can 204 can be removed from the functional base 210 and replaced to achieve a single-use configuration of the recycling can 204.

[0075] For example, an electromagnetic actuator 211 is disposed inside the functional base 210. The electromagnetic actuator 211 is configured to generate an alternating magnetic field to drive the mixing block 212 to rotate at the bottom of the recovery chamber 222 in a non-contact manner, thereby agitating the liquid in the recovery chamber 222 and achieving liquid mixing. Preferably, the electromagnetic actuator may be composed of a Hall control coil, a multi-pole magnetic core structure, or a rotating magnetic ring array, so that the electromagnetic actuator 211 can generate a magnetic field change of the required frequency and amplitude under the command of a control signal, driving the mixing block 212 to produce stable rotational behavior.

[0076] The mixing block 212, made of magnetic material, is located at the bottom of the recovery chamber 222. The bottom of the mixing block is smooth, and its density is approximately equal to that of water, allowing it to remain semi-suspended in the liquid. The mixing block 212 rotates under the electromagnetic drive of the electromagnetic actuator 211, stirring the recovered liquid and promoting rapid mixing of the recovered liquid with other solutions.

[0077] For example, the functional base 210 has a power module (not shown in the figure) inside. In some embodiments, the power module is powered by a built-in rechargeable battery. Preferably, the built-in battery is a lithium polymer battery pack and is provided with a charging interface for charging from an external charging device. In other embodiments, the built-in battery can be provided with a non-contact magnetic charging module, which charges the built-in battery through an external power supply coil.

[0078] In other embodiments, the power module is connected to an external power supply device via a power interface, converting the power into DC and supplying power to the various electrical components in the functional base 210. When using an external power supply, an AC conversion module can be connected to the power input port on the outer wall of the functional base 210 to convert the external power supply into a low-voltage DC power supply suitable for the operation of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0079] For example, to adjust the stirring operation of the liquid within the recovery chamber, a control unit is further provided in the functional base 210. The control unit is electrically coupled to the electromagnetic actuator 211 and is equipped with a data communication port or wireless receiving unit, capable of responding to control commands sent by an external control device (e.g., a control display device or an independent control panel). Preferably, the control unit can adjust the following parameters of the electromagnetic actuator 211 in real time:

[0080] The magnetic field frequency, magnetic field strength, and start / stop time; and based on these basic parameters, programmed control can be performed, such as setting various types of action modes, including control logic such as constant speed rotation, intermittent stirring, or gradual acceleration.

[0081] For example, a storage chamber 224 is provided on the outer wall of the recovery chamber 222. The storage chamber 224 is a flexible structure, preferably made of a silicone capsule or other medical material with suitable elasticity, for storing a predetermined volume of staining solution. An injection port 228 is provided at the top of the storage chamber 224. The injection port 228 can have an elastic sealing structure, allowing the operator to inject the staining solution into the storage chamber 224 using a syringe, while preventing external gas from entering.

[0082] For example, a one-way permeation membrane 230 is partially provided on the contact surface between the storage chamber 224 and the recovery chamber 222. The one-way permeation membrane 230 is a microporous structure with one-way permeability, allowing the dyeing solution to pass through the membrane into the recovery chamber 222 only under the action of the squeezer 226, while preventing the recovery solution from flowing back into the storage chamber 224. Furthermore, the storage chamber 224 can be exposed to the outside when the recovery tank 204 is not installed on the functional base 210, facilitating user replacement and achieving a disposable usage method.

[0083] Preferably, the number of liquid reservoirs 224 can be one, two, four, or more. In use, the liquid reservoirs 224 can be installed as needed; for example, when a dye needs to be added, only one liquid reservoir 224 can be installed.

[0084] Preferably, a squeezer 226 is provided on the side of the functional base 210 near the liquid storage chamber 224. The squeezer 226 is connected to the control unit. The squeezer 226 is a controllable driving component that can apply pressure to the liquid storage chamber 224 after receiving a control signal, causing the dyeing solution to enter the recovery chamber 222 through the one-way permeation membrane. By setting the operating parameters of the squeezer 226, the dosage, time, and sequence of dyeing solution injection can be precisely controlled.

[0085] Preferably, the extruder 226 is a miniature drive structure to apply controllable extrusion force to the liquid storage chamber 224 within a small space. In some embodiments, the extruder is in the form of a piezoelectric actuator or an electric miniature cam mechanism to achieve extrusion of the liquid storage chamber 224.

[0086] Example 2: This example should be understood as including at least all the features of any of the foregoing examples, and further improving upon them.

[0087] The following provides exemplary methods for selecting staining agents for several cases, which can be applied to the rapid detection device of this technical solution.

[0088] For example, in patients with bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, after obtaining samples through bronchoalveolar lavage, leukocytes are fluorescently stained with FITC-labeled anti-CD45 antibody. Under a fluorescence microscope, the morphological characteristics (such as granule distribution and nuclear morphology) of inflammatory cells, such as eosinophils (large orange-red granules in the cytoplasm, with few nuclear lobes) and neutrophils (small pale purple granules in the cytoplasm, with many nuclear lobes), can be observed. Rapid classification and statistical analysis based on morphological differences can help determine the type of airway inflammation.

[0089] For example, for mild pulmonary fungal infections, Calcofluor White fluorescence staining (which specifically binds to the chitin component of the fungal cell wall) is combined with SYTO 9 nucleic acid dye to label fungal nucleic acids. Under a fluorescence microscope, the typical morphological characteristics of Aspergillus can be observed: septate hyphae (with visible septa within the hyphae), branching angles of approximately 45°, and enlarged apical vesicles and radially arranged conidia (round or oval, with uniform fluorescence distribution). In the case of Candida infection, pseudohyphae (slender, unseptated hyphae-like structures) and budding spores (round or oval, connected to the mother cell by a narrow neck) are visible. The morphological characteristics of hyphae (septate / unseptate, branching angle) and spores (morphology, arrangement) after fluorescence staining aid in the rapid identification of fungal infection types and pathogen species.

[0090] For example, in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis infection, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples are stained with auramine O (or auramine-rhodamine) fluorescence (the dye specifically binds to the mycolic acid components of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall). Under a fluorescence microscope (blue light excitation), the typical morphological characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are observed: the bacteria are slender, slightly curved rods (approximately 2-4 μm in length), some showing branching or beaded structures (due to uneven distribution of intracellular lipid granules); the fluorescence signal is bright yellow-green, scattered or clustered (indicating bacterial density). By observing bacterial morphology (curvature, branching), arrangement (single / clustered), and fluorescence intensity (strong positive / weak positive), combined with morphological characteristics, the presence and infectious activity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be quickly determined, providing a basis for clinical diagnosis.

[0091] For example, for assessing the integrity of bronchial epithelial cells, such as for preoperative and postoperative monitoring, dual fluorescent staining with DAPI (nuclear markers) and WGA-FITC (membrane glycosylation markers) can be used: DAPI clearly shows the morphology of the nucleus (intact, round, condensed, or fragmented), while WGA-FITC reveals the continuity (e.g., continuous lines or broken points) and thickness changes of the cell membrane glycosylation structure. The physiological state of epithelial cells (e.g., degree of damage or repair) can be rapidly assessed by observing cell morphology (e.g., nucleocytoplasmic ratio, membrane integrity).

[0092] In some implementations, to further optimize the mixing effect of the recovered liquid and the dye, the real-time total volume of the recovered liquid is measured to implement more precise control.

[0093] For example, a pressure sensor 302 is provided at the bottom of the electromagnetic actuator 211. The pressure sensor 302 generates a corresponding change in resistance value based on the overall weight change of the recovery tank above it. By dynamically sensing the weight data, the total amount of current recovered liquid can be indirectly estimated, thereby inferring the volume of recovered flushing liquid. Real-time weight is used to monitor the liquid collection process and to provide feedback on whether the collection of recovered liquid has reached the detection objective, instructing the operator to continue the filling / recovery operation or stop the relevant operation.

[0094] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the operating parameters of the control squeezer and the output power of the electromagnetic drive can be adjusted according to the real-time weight of the recovered liquid.

[0095] For example, assuming the current weight of the recovered liquid is q and the preset target weight is Q, the target rotational speed percentage S of the electromagnetic actuator is calculated according to the following formula. r :

[0096] ;

[0097] The maximum target rotational speed of the electromagnetic actuator is determined based on the specific design of the electromagnetic actuator and the hybrid block. Therefore, it is controlled by adjusting the target rotational speed percentage S. r Speed ​​deviations generated in actual processes can be eliminated by controlling the relative value of the rotational speed; where β is the amplification factor, and the maximum rotational speed can be achieved when q and Q reach a certain ratio, such as 1 / 3 or 1 / 4, by setting β.

[0098] For example, the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic actuator increases simultaneously with the increase of the recycled liquid to cope with the potentially increased internal resistance of the liquid. Preferably, the current magnetic field strength B applied by the electromagnetic actuator is set by the following formula:

[0099] ;

[0100] In the above formula, B0 is the basic strength of the magnetic field applied by the electromagnetic driver, which can be obtained by experimental measurement; γ is the maximum magnetic field strength increment, which can be determined according to the upper limit of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic driver and the power supply capacity of the power module; n is the adjustment coefficient, preferably 1≤n<1.5.

[0101] For example, the uniform addition of dye is maintained by adjusting the extrusion stroke increase rate L of the extruder. Preferably, the extrusion stroke increase rate L is calculated as follows:

[0102] ;

[0103] In the above formula, L0 is the base extrusion rate, which is set by relevant technical personnel; dq / dt is the rate of change of the recovered liquid weight per unit time; μ and κ are both adjustment amplitude coefficients, which can be set according to the characteristics of the dye and the permeability of the one-way permeation membrane. e is the base of the natural logarithm.

[0104] Example 3: This example should be understood as including at least all the features of any of the foregoing examples, and further improving upon them.

[0105] Further details are attached. Figure 5 The following diagram illustrates an implementation of the computer system 500 used in the processing device 106; the computer system 500 can be applied to the data storage, computation, and result output processes of each working module in the identification and judgment system.

[0106] For example, computer system 500 includes bus 502 or other communication mechanism for transmitting information, and one or more processors 504 coupled to bus 502 for processing information; processor 504 may be, for example, one or more general-purpose microprocessors.

[0107] Computer system 500 also includes main memory 506, such as random access memory (RAM), cache and / or other dynamic storage devices, coupled to bus 502 for storing information and instructions to be executed by processor 504; main memory 506 may also be used to store temporary variables or other intermediate information during the execution of instructions executed by processor 504; when these instructions are stored in storage media accessible to processor 504, they present computer system 500 as a dedicated machine customized to perform the operations specified in the instructions.

[0108] The computer system 500 may also include a read-only memory (ROM) 508 or other static storage device coupled to the bus 502 for storing static information and instructions of the processor 504; among which, storage devices 510 such as disks, optical discs or USB drives (flash drives) will be coupled to the bus 502 for storing information and instructions.

[0109] Furthermore, the bus 502 may also include a display 512 for displaying various information, data, media, etc., and an input device 514 for allowing users of the computer system 500 to control, manipulate, and / or interact with the computer system 500.

[0110] A preferred method of interacting with the management system may be through a cursor control device 516, such as a computer mouse or a similar control / navigation mechanism.

[0111] Furthermore, the computer system 500 may also include a network device 518 coupled to the bus 502; wherein the network device 518 may include components such as wired network cards, wireless network cards, switching chips, routers, switches, etc.

[0112] Generally speaking, the terms “engine,” “component,” “system,” and “database” used in this article can refer to the logic embodied in hardware or firmware, or to a set of software instructions that may have entries and exit points, written in programming languages ​​such as Java, C, or C++; software components can be compiled and linked into executable programs, installed in dynamic link libraries, or written in interpreted programming languages ​​such as BASIC, Perl, or Python; it should be understood that software components can be called from other components or from themselves, and / or can be called in response to detected events or interrupts.

[0113] Software components configured to execute on a computing device may be provided on a computer-readable medium, such as an optical disc, digital video disc, flash drive, magnetic disk, or any other tangible medium, or as a digital download (and may be initially stored) in a compressed or installable format that requires installation, decompression, or decryption prior to execution; such software code may be stored, in part or in whole, on a memory device executing the computing device; software instructions may be embedded in firmware, such as an EPROM; it should also be understood that hardware components may consist of connected logic units (e.g., gates and flip-flops), and / or may consist of programmable units (e.g., programmable gate arrays or processors).

[0114] Computer system 500 includes technologies described herein that can be implemented using custom hardwired logic, one or more ASICs or FPGAs, firmware and / or program logic, which, when combined with the computer system, enables computer system 500 to become a dedicated computing device.

[0115] According to one or more embodiments, the techniques described herein are executed by computer system 500 in response to processor 504 executing one or more sequences of one or more instructions contained in main memory 506; such instructions may be read into main memory 506 from another storage medium such as storage device 510; execution of the sequence of instructions contained in main memory 506 causes processor 504 to perform the processing steps described herein; in alternative embodiments, hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions.

[0116] As used herein, the term "non-transitory medium" and similar terms refer to any medium that stores data and / or instructions that enable a machine to operate in a particular manner; such non-transitory medium may include non-volatile medium and / or volatile medium; non-volatile medium includes, for example, optical discs or magnetic disks, such as storage device 510; volatile medium includes dynamic memory, such as main memory 506.

[0117] Common forms of non-transitory media include, for example, floppy disks, hard disks, solid-state drives, magnetic tapes or any other magnetic data storage media, CD-ROMs, any other optical data storage media, any physical media with a hole pattern, RAM, PROMs and EPROMs, FLASH-EPROMs, NVRAMs, any other memory chips or cartridges and their network versions.

[0118] Non-transient media are different from transmission media, but can be used in conjunction with transmission media; transmission media participate in information transmission between non-transient media; for example, transmission media include coaxial cables, copper wires and optical fibers, including the wires that constitute bus 502; transmission media can also take the form of sound waves or light waves, such as radio waves and infrared data communication.

[0119] While this application has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of this application. That is, the methods, systems, and devices discussed above are examples. Various configurations can be appropriately omitted, substituted, or added to various processes or components. For example, in alternative configurations, methods can be performed in a different order than those described, and / or various components can be added, omitted, and / or combined. Moreover, features described with respect to certain configurations can be combined in various other configurations, such as different aspects and elements of the configuration can be combined in a similar manner. Furthermore, the elements therein can be updated as the technology develops; that is, many elements are examples and do not limit the scope of this disclosure or the claims.

[0120] Specific details are provided in the specification to offer a thorough understanding of exemplary configurations, including implementations. However, configurations can be practiced without these specific details; for example, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques have been shown without unnecessary detail to avoid obscuring the configuration. This description provides only exemplary configurations and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claims. Rather, the foregoing description of the configurations will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing the described techniques. Various changes can be made to the function and arrangement of the elements without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure.

[0121] In summary, the above detailed description is intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive, and it should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the scope of protection of the invention. After reading the description of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall within the scope defined by the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A rapid detection device for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid based on fluorescence staining technology, characterized in that, The detection device includes: An endoscope assembly includes an operating handle and a guide tube extending from it. The guide tube is provided with a working channel for the injection and recovery of irrigation fluid, and an endoscope imaging component can be introduced through the working channel to acquire images of the inside of the bronchi. The irrigation fluid supply module includes an infusion set connected to the infusion port of the operating handle for injecting irrigation fluid into the patient's bronchus. The recovery module includes a negative pressure source for generating negative pressure, a recovery liquid container assembly, and a negative pressure circuit connected to the guide tube; the recovery liquid container assembly includes a recovery tank, and by generating negative pressure in the recovery tank through the negative pressure source, the rinsing liquid is drawn into the recovery tank, thereby realizing the recovery of the rinsing liquid; The recovered liquid container assembly further includes a fluorescent dye injection sub-assembly; the fluorescent dye injection sub-assembly includes at least one reservoir for temporarily storing fluorescent dye and a squeezer, which squeezes the reservoir to allow the dyeing liquid stored in the reservoir to enter the recovered tank; The recovered liquid container assembly also includes a stirring and mixing sub-assembly; the stirring and mixing sub-assembly includes an electromagnetic actuator disposed below the recovery tank and a magnetic mixing block at the bottom of the recovery chamber inside the recovery tank; the electromagnetic actuator drives the mixing block non-contactly to mix the recovered liquid and dye after the recovered liquid is injected into the recovery tank; Furthermore, the detection device also includes a control module for receiving and storing multiple control parameters. The control module is electrically connected to the extruder and the electromagnetic actuator, and generates control commands to control the extruder and the electromagnetic actuator to operate. The rapid detection includes one or more of the following parameters: The current weight of the recovered liquid; The fluorescence reaction of the current recovered liquid; Based on the real-time weight of the recovered liquid, the control module controls the electromagnetic actuator using the following formula. Let the current weight of the recovered liquid be q and the preset target weight be Q. The target rotational speed percentage S of the electromagnetic actuator is calculated using the following formula. r : ； Where β is the amplification factor, and by setting β, the maximum speed can be achieved when q and Q reach a certain ratio; The current magnetic field strength B applied by the electromagnetic driver is set using the following formula: ； In the above formula, B0 is the basic strength of the magnetic field applied by the electromagnetic actuator, and a suitable value is obtained through experiments; γ is the maximum magnetic field strength increment, which can be determined according to the upper limit of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic actuator and the power supply capacity of the power module; n is the adjustment coefficient, and its value range is 1≤n<1.

5. The uniform addition of dye is maintained by adjusting the extrusion stroke increase rate L of the extruder. The extrusion stroke increase rate L is calculated as follows: ； In the above formula, L0 is the basic extrusion rate, which is set by relevant technical personnel; dq / dt is the rate of change of the weight of the recovered liquid per unit time; μ and κ are both adjustment amplitude coefficients, which are set according to the characteristics of the dye and the permeability of the one-way permeation membrane.

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