Full-automatic visual ring shear-penetration test device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-automatic visual ring shear-penetration test device and method.The full-automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device comprises a pressurized penetration system, a control and information acquisition system, a transparent penetration-shear box and a penetration assembly; the transparent permeation-shear box comprises a base plate, a transparent cylinder, a top plate and a plurality of first studs; the base plate, the transparent cylinder and the top plate define an annular sample groove for mounting a sample; the permeation assembly comprises a lower permeation box, an upper permeation box, a movable upper permeable plate, a movable lower permeable plate and a central cylinder. According to the full-automatic visual ring shear-penetration test device disclosed by the invention, the penetration assembly can be assembled with the transparent penetration-shear box to complete related penetration tests; meanwhile, the permeation assembly can be assembled with an original steel shear box of the ring shear apparatus to complete related permeation tests, and the steel shear box does not need to be modified. The transparent permeation-shear box can be directly placed on a ring shear apparatus for a ring shear test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical testing equipment, and in particular to a fully automatic visual ring shear-penetration testing device and method. Background Art

[0002] my country is prone to frequent natural disasters, with landslides being particularly severe. Under the influence of natural rainfall, groundwater level fluctuations, and human activities, rock and soil in nature often undergo changes in mechanical properties after infiltration due to the dynamic effect of water. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of infiltrated rock and soil deteriorate after continuous large-displacement shear deformation, seriously affecting the stability of landslides. Ring shear tests can reveal the shear strength variations and residual strength of rock and soil after large-displacement shear deformation, which is of great theoretical significance for analyzing the mechanical behavior of slopes.

[0003] There are two types of ring shear instruments commonly used in my country: the Bishop and Bromhead. The main difference between the two instruments lies in the location of the shear band. The Bishop uses a separate specimen box. During the test, the upper box remains fixed while the lower box rotates, causing the shear band to appear in the middle of the specimen. The Bromhead uses a single-piece specimen box. During the test, the specimen box remains fixed while a circular load plate rotates against the annular specimen, causing the shear band to appear above the adjacent specimen.

[0004] In existing inventions, improvements to the shear strength measurement device for rock and soil specimens combined with seepage are mainly focused on direct shear equipment. Other modifications to ring shear equipment are mostly based on the Bishop ring shear instrument and are not applicable to the Bromhead ring shear instrument. At the same time, the modifications to existing instruments cannot simultaneously meet the requirements for visual analysis of rock and soil seepage phenomena and large-displacement shear deformation, and there is a lack of research on the shear failure mechanism in this regard. In addition, traditional post-infiltration rock and soil ring shear tests often require the specimens to be transferred between different devices or cut, which cannot avoid additional disturbance of the specimens, thereby affecting the reliability of the test results. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a combined infiltration-ring shear test device and method that is suitable for the Bromhead ring shear instrument and meets the requirements of visual analysis, providing an effective research method for scientifically measuring the seepage characteristics of rock and soil under the influence of dynamic water effects and the mechanical properties of the infiltrated rock and soil after large-displacement shear deformation, and providing technical and theoretical support for geological disaster prevention and control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a fully automatic and fully visual ring shear-permeability test device and method; the device can realize the automation of the pressurized seepage process of rock and soil samples, and can visually observe the samples during the pressurized seepage process and shear process of rock and soil samples; and solves the problem of disturbance of the samples when the rock and soil samples are transferred to the shear box after infiltration in traditional tests; and the device is equipped with computer software, which is simple and efficient to operate.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device includes a pressurized penetration system and a control and information acquisition system, and also includes a transparent penetration-shear box and a penetration assembly; the transparent penetration-shear box includes a bottom plate, a transparent tube, a top plate, and a plurality of first studs; the bottom plate includes a horizontal ring plate and an inner tube integrally provided on the inner side of the horizontal ring plate; the top plate is an annular plate; the top of the transparent tube is sealed to the bottom of the inner end of the top plate; the bottom of the transparent tube is sealed to the middle of the horizontal ring plate; the top plate and the horizontal ring plate are connected by a plurality of circumferentially distributed first studs; the first studs are located on the outer side of the transparent tube; the bottom plate, the transparent tube, and the top plate form an annular sample slot for mounting a sample; The permeation assembly includes a lower permeation box, an upper permeation box, a movable upper permeable plate, a movable lower permeable plate and a central cylinder. The central cylinder is located in the inner cylinder. The upper permeation box is a cover plate located above the top plate and the inner cylinder. The lower permeation box is a base located below the horizontal ring plate. The lower permeation box and the upper permeation box are respectively fixed to the central cylinder by a plurality of second studs. The movable upper permeable plate is located at the top of the sample tank and is fixed to the bottom of the upper permeation box by a third stud. The movable lower permeable plate is provided at the bottom of the sample tank. A first annular water groove is provided on the upper surface of the lower permeation box, and the first annular water groove is located below the sample groove. The horizontal ring plate has multiple water holes connecting the sample groove and the first annular water groove. A first water / air valve is provided on the side of the lower permeation box, and the first water / air valve is connected to the first annular water groove through a connecting hole provided in the lower permeation box. A second annular water groove is provided on the bottom surface of the upper permeation box, and three second water / air valves connected to the second annular water groove are provided on the top of the upper permeation box.

[0007] Preferably, a first annular sealing groove is provided on the lower surface of the top plate, the first annular sealing groove is opposite to the top of the transparent tube and is sealed with the top of the transparent tube through a first sealing ring, and a second annular sealing groove is provided on the upper surface of the horizontal ring plate, the second annular sealing groove is opposite to the bottom of the transparent tube and is sealed with the bottom of the transparent tube through a second sealing ring.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the upper permeability box has two concentrically arranged third annular sealing grooves, which are respectively opposite to the top of the inner tube and the top of the top plate, and are sealed with the top of the inner tube and the top of the top plate through two third sealing rings; the lower surface of the horizontal ring plate has two concentrically arranged fourth annular sealing grooves, which are opposite to the upper surface of the lower permeability box, and are sealed with the lower permeability box through two fourth sealing rings, and the two fourth sealing rings are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the first annular water tank.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of radially extending limiting teeth are circumferentially provided on the upper surface of the lower water-permeable plate.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the upper permeability box has a first step for positioning with the inner tube, the bottom surface of the top plate has a second step for positioning with the top of the outer periphery of the transparent tube, the upper surface of the horizontal ring plate has a third step for positioning with the bottom of the inner periphery of the transparent tube, and the middle part of the lower permeability box has a fourth step for positioning with the central cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the top plate, the horizontal ring plate and the lower permeation box are fixed together by fourth studs uniformly distributed circumferentially.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the sample tank has an annular guide groove, and the water permeable hole is connected to the annular guide groove.

[0013] Preferably, a hollow locking screw is threadedly provided on the upper permeation box, and the third stud is threadedly connected to the hollow locking screw.

[0014] Preferably, the pressurized osmosis system includes a pressurized tank, a first water valve connected to the pressurized tank, a precision pressure regulating valve connected to the first water valve, an air pressure sensor connected to the pressurized tank, a vent valve connected to the pressurized tank, a second water valve arranged at the bottom of the pressurized tank, a water pipeline connected to the second water valve, a water pressure sensor arranged on the water pipeline, and a micro flow meter arranged on the water pipeline; the pressurized osmosis system is directly controlled by a control and information acquisition system to ensure the accuracy of the test, and can also be manually controlled; the control and information acquisition system includes a camera facing the transparent tube and a computer; the computer is respectively connected to the camera, the first water valve, the precision pressure regulating valve, the air pressure sensor, the vent valve, the second water valve, the water pressure sensor and the micro flow meter.

[0015] A fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test method, using the fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device, includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the transparent penetration-shear box in order, then load the rock and soil sample into it. Place a layer of filter paper on the top and bottom of the sample, and make sure the upper and lower movable permeable plates fit the filter paper. S2. Install the infiltration assembly on the transparent infiltration-shear box, fix the movable upper permeable plate to press the sample so as to control the sample height during the infiltration process, and complete the assembly of the pressurized infiltration system and the control and information acquisition system; S3. Select different penetration test schemes according to needs, set the water pressure, flow rate and penetration time parameters required for the test, and the system automatically adjusts the vent valve on the top of the pressurized tank so that the water pressure in the tank reaches the predetermined pressure, then opens the first water / air valve of the lower penetration box and the three second water / air valves of the upper penetration box, and injects water into the penetration component to provide penetration pressure for the rock and soil sample.

[0016] S4. After a stable water flow is discharged from the top of the upper permeation box, the system automatically closes the two second water / air valves on the upper permeation box. The third second water / air valve remains unchanged to maintain drainage, and the pressurized permeation process officially begins. The software sets the camera sampling frequency required for the test, controls the camera to capture the sample's permeation process, and observes the sample's seepage characteristics during the test. S5. After the infiltration is completed, the infiltration assembly is removed, and the transparent infiltration-shear box is directly installed on the shear table of the ring shear instrument to perform a ring shear test, thereby avoiding sample disturbance caused by the sample transfer process in the existing test.

[0017] The present invention provides a fully automated visual ring shear-penetration test device. The penetration component can be assembled with a transparent penetration-shear box to perform relevant penetration tests. The penetration component can also be assembled with the original steel shear box of the ring shear instrument to perform relevant penetration tests without requiring modification of the steel shear box. The transparent penetration-shear box can be directly placed on the ring shear instrument to perform ring shear tests.

[0018] In addition, during the penetration test of rock and soil samples by the penetration component and the pressurized penetration system, the water pressure, flow rate, camera sampling frequency, etc. are controlled by the control and information acquisition system, and the images and parameter changes during the entire penetration process are automatically recorded to analyze the seepage characteristics of the rock and soil samples. A variety of penetration schemes can be realized, such as variable pressure cyclic penetration, variable flow cyclic penetration, etc., and are easy to operate; after the penetration is completed, the transparent penetration-shear box loaded with the rock and soil sample can be directly placed on the SRS-150 advanced ring shear instrument (Bromhead ring shear instrument) for a ring shear test. There is no need to replace the container or cut the sample after penetration, which greatly avoids the disturbance of the sample structure after penetration and ensures that more reliable and accurate test results can be obtained; and the penetration component described in this device is highly versatile and can be directly installed on the steel shear box of the SRS-150 advanced ring shear instrument to perform penetration tests on rock and soil samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the fully automatic visual ring shear-penetration test device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mid-penetration assembly and the transparent penetration-shear box; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the middle penetration component and the transparent penetration-shear box; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side view of the mid-permeation assembly and the transparent permeation-shear box; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle penetration component and the transparent penetration-shear box from a bottom view; Figure 6 for Figure 3 AA cross-sectional structural diagram; Figure 7 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure.

[0020] Figure: 1. Precision pressure regulating valve; 2. First water valve; 3. Air pressure sensor; 4. Vent valve; 5. Pressurized tank; 6. Top cover; 7. Tank body; 8. Base; 9. Second water valve; 10. Water pressure sensor; 11. Micro flow meter; 12. First water / air valve; 13. Lower permeation box; 14. Transparent permeation-shear box; 15. Chassis; 16. Transparent cylinder. 17. Top plate; 18. Upper permeability box; 19. Second water / air valve; 20. Hollow locking screw; 21. First annular water trough; 22. Water permeable hole; 23. Movable lower permeable plate; 24. Sample trough; 25. Movable upper permeable plate; 26. Camera; 27. Center cylinder; 28. Support leg; 29. ​​First stud; 30. Fourth stud; 31. Second stud; 32. Third stud; 33. Second annular water trough; 34. Third annular sealing groove; 35. Inner cylinder; 36. Horizontal ring plate; 37. Second annular sealing groove; 38. First annular sealing groove; 39. Connecting hole; 40. Fourth annular sealing groove; 41. Annular guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Example 1 A fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device, such as Figure 1-7 As shown, it includes a pressurized infiltration system, a control and information acquisition system, a transparent infiltration-shear box 14 and an infiltration component; The pressurized infiltration system includes a pressurized tank 5, a first water valve 2 connected to the pressurized tank, a precision pressure regulating valve 1 connected to the first water valve, an air pressure sensor 3 connected to the pressurized tank, an air vent valve 4 connected to the pressurized tank, a second water valve 9 arranged at the bottom of the pressurized tank, a water pipeline connected to the second water valve, a water pressure sensor 10 arranged on the water pipeline and a micro flow meter 11 arranged on the water pipeline; the pressurized tank 5 includes a top cover 6, a tank body 7 and a base 8, the tank body 7 is made of transparent non-metallic material, such as acrylic material or tempered glass material, and sealing rings are arranged between the top cover and the tank body, and between the tank body and the base. The top cover 6 and the base 8 are fixed by four studs to clamp the tank body 7 to ensure that the pressurized tank 5 is sealed; the first water valve 2, the air pressure sensor 3 and the air vent valve 4 are arranged on the top cover 6, and the second water valve 9 is arranged on the base 8. In addition, a safety valve is also provided on the top cover of the pressurized tank 5 to prevent accidents caused by excessive air pressure in the tank. One end of the water pipe is connected to the second water valve 9 and the other end is connected to the osmosis component. The water pressure sensor 10 and the micro flow meter 11 are arranged in sequence on the water pipe according to the direction of water flow.

[0022] The transparent penetration-shear box includes a chassis 15, a transparent tube 16, a top plate 17 and six first studs. The transparent tube 16 is made of glass or polymer transparent plastic. The chassis includes a horizontal ring plate 36 and an inner tube 35 integrally arranged on the inner side of the horizontal ring plate. The top plate 17 is an annular plate. To ensure the sealing of the transparent penetration-shear box, the top of the transparent tube 16 is sealed to the bottom of the inner end of the top plate. Specifically, a first annular sealing groove 38 is provided on the lower surface of the top plate. The first annular sealing groove is opposite to the top of the transparent tube and is sealed to the top of the transparent tube through a first sealing ring. The bottom of the transparent tube is sealed to the middle of the horizontal ring plate. Specifically, a second annular sealing groove 37 is provided on the upper surface of the horizontal ring plate. The second annular sealing groove is opposite to the bottom of the transparent tube and is sealed to the bottom of the transparent tube through a second sealing ring. The top plate and the horizontal ring plate are connected by six circumferentially distributed first studs 29, which are located on the outside of the transparent tube. The bottom plate, transparent tube and top plate form an annular sample groove 24 for installing the sample; the bottom of the upper permeability box has two concentrically arranged third annular sealing grooves 34, which are respectively opposite to the top of the inner tube and the top of the top plate, and are sealed with the top of the inner tube and the top of the top plate through two third sealing rings.

[0023] The permeation assembly includes a lower permeation box 13, an upper permeation box 18, a movable upper permeable plate 25, a movable lower permeable plate 23 and a central cylinder 27. The central cylinder is located in the inner cylinder 35. The upper permeation box is a cover plate located above the top plate 17 and the inner cylinder 35. The lower permeation box 3 is a base with legs 28 under the base, located below the horizontal ring plate 36. The lower permeation box and the upper permeation box are respectively fixed to the central cylinder 27 by six second studs 31. The movable upper permeable plate 25 is located at the top of the sample tank and is fixed to the bottom of the upper permeation box by a third stud 32. Specifically, a hollow locking screw 20 is screwed on the upper permeation box, and the third stud 32 is fixed to the hollow locking screw The screw 25 is threadedly connected, and the position of the movable upper permeable plate 25 can be adjusted by the hollow locking screw 20; the movable lower permeable plate is arranged at the bottom of the sample groove, and the upper surface of the lower permeation box is provided with a first annular water groove 21, the first annular water groove is located below the sample groove, and the horizontal annular plate is provided with a plurality of permeable holes 22 connecting the sample groove and the first annular water groove. A first water / air valve 12 is provided on the side of the lower permeation box, and the first water / air valve is connected to the first annular water groove through a connecting hole 39 provided in the lower permeation box. A second annular water groove 33 is provided on the bottom surface of the upper permeation box, and three second water / air valves 19 connected to the second annular water groove are provided on the top of the upper permeation box.

[0024] To ensure the seal between the infiltration assembly and the transparent infiltration-shearing box, the lower surface of the horizontal ring plate has two concentrically arranged fourth annular sealing grooves 40. These fourth annular sealing grooves face the upper surface of the lower infiltration box and are sealed to the lower infiltration box via two fourth sealing rings, located on the inner and outer sides of the first annular water groove 21. Furthermore, to prevent the geotechnical sample in the sample groove 24 from sliding along the shearing direction during shearing, the upper surface of the movable lower permeable plate 36 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of radially extending limiting teeth. During use, the limiting teeth engage the lower surface of the geotechnical sample under pressure.

[0025] In order to facilitate positioning and installation and limit lateral shear force, the bottom of the upper penetration box has a first step that is positioned and matched with the inner tube, the bottom surface of the top plate has a second step that is positioned and matched with the top of the outer periphery of the transparent tube, the upper surface of the horizontal ring plate has a third step that is positioned and matched with the bottom of the inner periphery of the transparent tube, and the middle part of the lower penetration box has a fourth step that is positioned and matched with the central cylinder.

[0026] The top plate, the horizontal ring plate and the lower permeation box are fixed together by the fourth studs 30 evenly distributed in the circumference. The bottom of the sample tank has a first annular guide groove 41, and the water permeable hole is connected to the annular guide groove.

[0027] The pressurized infiltration system is directly controlled by the control and information acquisition system to ensure the accuracy of the test, and can also be manually controlled; the control and information acquisition system includes a camera 26 facing the transparent tube and a computer; the computer is connected to the camera 26, the first water valve 2, the precision pressure regulating valve 1, the air pressure sensor 3, the ventilation valve 4, the second water valve 9, the water pressure sensor 10 and the micro flow meter 11 through wired or wireless methods such as Bluetooth.

[0028] Example 2 A fully automated visual penetration-ring shear combined test method, such as Figure 1-7 As shown, the fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the transparent penetration-shear box in order, then load the rock and soil sample into it. Place a layer of filter paper on the top and bottom of the sample, and make sure the upper and lower movable permeable plates fit the filter paper. S2. Install the infiltration assembly into the transparent infiltration-shear box, secure the movable upper permeable plate to compress the sample, and control the sample height during the infiltration process. This completes the assembly of the pressurized infiltration system and the control and information acquisition system. Alternatively, the steel shear box provided with the SRS-150 Advanced Ring Shear Tester can be used in place of the transparent infiltration-shear box. Install the infiltration assembly and complete the infiltration test. S3. Select different infiltration test schemes according to needs, set the water pressure, flow rate and infiltration time parameters required for the test, and the system automatically adjusts the vent valve 4 on the top of the pressurized tank so that the water pressure in the pressurized tank 5 reaches the predetermined pressure. Then, the first water / air valve 9 of the lower infiltration box and the three second water / air valves 12 of the upper infiltration box are opened to inject water into the infiltration component to provide infiltration pressure for the rock and soil sample. Specifically, the solution enters the first annular water trough 21 of the lower infiltration box through the second water / air valve 12, and then enters the annular guide groove 41 through the water inlet hole 22 of the bottom plate 15. Then, the solution flows upward from the guide groove through the movable lower permeable plate 23 and filter paper, and then immerses in the rock and soil sample, flows through the filter paper and the movable upper permeable plate 25, and is finally discharged from the second water / air valve 19 of the upper infiltration box 18, completing the infiltration process of the rock and soil sample. In addition, the solution in the pressurized tank can be a specially configured fluorescent solution to more clearly observe the seepage channels and infiltration process on the surface of the rock and soil sample; In addition, the above-mentioned permeation scheme is only an embodiment. In actual operation, other permeation schemes can be selected, such as changing the permeation direction, achieving variable pressure cyclic permeation or variable flow cyclic permeation during the permeation process, etc.

[0029] S4. After a stable water flow is discharged from the top of the upper permeation box, the system automatically closes the two second water / air valves 19 on the upper permeation box, and the third second water / air valve remains unchanged to maintain drainage, officially starting the pressurized permeation process; the camera sampling frequency required for the test is set through the software, and the camera 26 is controlled to capture the sample penetration process to observe the seepage characteristics of the sample during the test; S5. After the infiltration is completed, the infiltration assembly is removed, and the transparent infiltration-shear box 14 is directly installed on the shearing table of the SRS-150 ring shear instrument to perform a ring shear test, and a ring shear test is performed on the rock and soil sample to avoid the sample disturbance caused by the sample transfer process in the existing test; at the same time, the rock and soil sample in the sample slot 24 is photographed during the shearing process to observe the evolution of the rock and soil sample.

[0030] In this embodiment of the fully automated visual ring shear-penetration test apparatus, the penetration component can be assembled with a transparent penetration-shear box to perform the relevant penetration test. The penetration component can also be assembled with the original steel shear box of the ring shear instrument to perform the relevant penetration test, without the need for modification of the steel shear box. The transparent penetration-shear box can be directly placed on the ring shear instrument to perform the ring shear test. In addition, during the penetration test of rock and soil samples by the penetration component and the pressurized penetration system, the water pressure, flow rate, camera sampling frequency, etc. are controlled by the control and information acquisition system, and the images and parameter changes during the entire penetration process are automatically recorded to analyze the seepage characteristics of the rock and soil samples. A variety of penetration schemes can be realized, such as variable pressure cyclic penetration, variable flow cyclic penetration, etc., and are easy to operate; after the penetration is completed, the transparent penetration-shear box loaded with the rock and soil sample can be directly placed on the SRS-150 advanced ring shear instrument (Bromhead ring shear instrument) for a ring shear test. There is no need to replace the container or cut the sample after penetration, which greatly avoids the disturbance of the sample structure after penetration and ensures that more reliable and accurate test results can be obtained; and the penetration component described in this device is highly versatile and can be directly installed on the steel shear box of the SRS-150 advanced ring shear instrument to perform penetration tests on rock and soil samples.

Claims

1. A fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device, including a pressurized penetration system and a control and information acquisition system, characterized in that: It also includes a transparent penetration-shear box and a penetration assembly; the transparent penetration-shear box includes a bottom plate, a transparent tube, a top plate and a plurality of first studs, the bottom plate includes a horizontal ring plate and an inner tube integrally provided on the inner side of the horizontal ring plate, the top plate is an annular plate, the top of the transparent tube is sealed to the bottom of the inner end of the top plate, the bottom of the transparent tube is sealed to the middle of the horizontal ring plate, the top plate and the horizontal ring plate are connected by a plurality of circumferentially distributed first studs, the first studs are located on the outer side of the transparent tube, and the bottom plate, the transparent tube and the top plate form an annular sample slot for mounting the sample; The permeation assembly includes a lower permeation box, an upper permeation box, a movable upper permeable plate, a movable lower permeable plate and a central cylinder. The central cylinder is located in the inner cylinder. The upper permeation box is a cover plate located above the top plate and the inner cylinder. The lower permeation box is a base located below the horizontal ring plate. The lower permeation box and the upper permeation box are respectively fixed to the central cylinder by a plurality of second studs. The movable upper permeable plate is located at the top of the sample tank and is fixed to the bottom of the upper permeation box by a third stud. The movable lower permeable plate is provided at the bottom of the sample tank. A first annular water groove is provided on the upper surface of the lower permeation box, and the first annular water groove is located below the sample groove. The horizontal ring plate has multiple water holes connecting the sample groove and the first annular water groove. A first water / air valve is provided on the side of the lower permeation box, and the first water / air valve is connected to the first annular water groove through a connecting hole provided in the lower permeation box. A second annular water groove is provided on the bottom surface of the upper permeation box, and three second water / air valves connected to the second annular water groove are provided on the top of the upper permeation box.

2. A fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first annular sealing groove is provided on the lower surface of the top plate, which is opposite to the top of the transparent tube and is sealed with the top of the transparent tube through a first sealing ring. A second annular sealing groove is provided on the upper surface of the horizontal ring plate, which is opposite to the bottom of the transparent tube and is sealed with the bottom of the transparent tube through a second sealing ring.

3. A fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper permeation box has two concentrically arranged third annular sealing grooves, which are respectively opposite to the top of the inner tube and the top of the top plate, and are sealed with the top of the inner tube and the top of the top plate through two third sealing rings; the lower surface of the horizontal ring plate has two concentrically arranged fourth annular sealing grooves, which are opposite to the upper surface of the lower permeation box, and are sealed with the lower permeation box through two fourth sealing rings, and the two fourth sealing rings are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the first annular water tank.

4. The fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of radially extending limiting teeth are circumferentially arranged on the upper surface of the lower water-permeable plate.

5. The fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper permeability box has a first step that is positioned and matched with the inner cylinder, the bottom surface of the top plate has a second step that is positioned and matched with the top of the outer periphery of the transparent cylinder, the upper surface of the horizontal ring plate has a third step that is positioned and matched with the bottom of the inner periphery of the transparent cylinder, and the middle part of the lower permeability box has a fourth step that is positioned and matched with the central cylinder.

6. The fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate, the horizontal ring plate and the lower permeation box are fixed together by fourth studs uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

7. The fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the sample tank is provided with an annular guide groove, and the water permeable hole is connected to the annular guide groove.

8. The fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hollow locking screw is screwed onto the upper penetration box, and the third stud is threadedly connected to the hollow locking screw.

9. The fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurized osmosis system includes a pressurized tank, a first water valve connected to the pressurized tank, a precision pressure regulating valve connected to the first water valve, an air pressure sensor connected to the pressurized tank, a vent valve connected to the pressurized tank, a second water valve arranged at the bottom of the pressurized tank, a water pipeline connected to the second water valve, a water pressure sensor arranged on the water pipeline, and a micro flow meter arranged on the water pipeline; the pressurized osmosis system is directly controlled by a control and information acquisition system to ensure the accuracy of the test, and can also be manually controlled; the control and information acquisition system includes a camera facing the transparent tube and a computer; the computer is respectively connected to the camera, the first water valve, the precision pressure regulating valve, the air pressure sensor, the vent valve, the second water valve, the water pressure sensor and the micro flow meter.

10. A fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test method, characterized in that: The fully automatic visual penetration-ring shear combined test device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1. Assemble the transparent penetration-shear box in order, then load the rock and soil sample into it. Place a layer of filter paper on the top and bottom of the sample, and make sure the upper and lower movable permeable plates fit the filter paper. S2. Install the infiltration assembly on the transparent infiltration-shear box, fix the movable upper permeable plate to press the sample so as to control the sample height during the infiltration process, and complete the assembly of the pressurized infiltration system and the control and information acquisition system; S3. Select different permeability test schemes according to needs, set the water pressure, flow rate, and permeability time parameters required for the test, and the system automatically adjusts the vent valve on the top of the pressurized tank so that the water pressure in the tank reaches the predetermined pressure. Then, the first water / air valve of the lower permeability box and the three second water / air valves of the upper permeability box are opened to inject water into the permeability assembly to provide permeability pressure for the rock and soil sample. S4. After a stable water flow is discharged from the top of the upper permeation box, the system automatically closes the two second water / air valves on the upper permeation box. The third second water / air valve remains unchanged to maintain drainage, and the pressurized permeation process officially begins. The software sets the camera sampling frequency required for the test, controls the camera to capture the sample's permeation process, and observes the sample's seepage characteristics during the test. S5. After the infiltration is completed, the infiltration assembly is removed, and the transparent infiltration-shear box is directly installed on the shear table of the ring shear instrument to perform a ring shear test, thereby avoiding sample disturbance caused by the sample transfer process in the existing test.

Images