A geotechnical direct shear test device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of direct shear test, and discloses a geotechnical direct shear test device, which comprises a base, a pressing mechanism and a horizontal moving mechanism; the horizontal moving mechanism comprises guide seats fixedly connected with the base, two guide seats form a group, and multiple groups of guide seats are evenly distributed on the surface of the base; the middle part of each guide seat is slidably connected with a synchronously moving guide column; the middle part of the guide column is fixedly connected with a horizontal moving seat; the horizontal moving seat is detachably connected with a direct shear box assembly; the middle part of the direct shear box assembly is provided with a clearance hole for placing a soil sample; and the base is provided with a shear force detection assembly for detecting the force of the direct shear box assembly. Through the cooperation of the spiral groove and the stop lever, the hanging supporting plate can be rotated below the deflection beam after the pressing disc moves downward, so that the downward pressure of the deflection beam can be transmitted to the pressing disc, thereby enabling the soil sample inside the direct shear box assembly to be subjected to force at the same time, and the accuracy of the experimental results is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of direct shear test, and particularly relates to a rock-soil direct shear test device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rock-soil direct shear test is a laboratory test method for determining the shear strength index of rock-soil, and is used for determining the shear strength of rock-soil under different normal stresses, so as to determine the shear strength index of rock-soil, i.e., the cohesion and internal friction angle, and provide important parameters for engineering design.

[0003] However, some existing test devices need to separately operate the compression of each test sample when clamping the test sample, and the previous test sample continuously receives the pressure when the next test sample is clamped, so that the compression time of different test samples is not synchronized, and the experimental results of different test samples have errors, and therefore, the test device needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a rock-soil direct shear test device, which solves the problems in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme.

[0006] The rock-soil direct shear test device comprises a base, a pressing mechanism and a horizontal moving mechanism. The horizontal moving mechanism comprises guide seats fixedly connected with the base, two guide seats form a group, and multiple groups of guide seats are uniformly distributed on the surface of the base. The middle part of the guide column is fixedly connected with a horizontal moving seat. The middle part of the guide column is fixedly connected with a horizontal moving seat. The horizontal moving seat is detachably connected with a direct shear box assembly. The middle part of the direct shear box assembly is provided with a clearance hole for placing a soil sample. The base is provided with a shear force detection assembly for detecting the force of the direct shear box assembly. The pressing mechanism comprises a support frame fixedly connected with the side edge of the base. The middle part of the lifting beam is provided with a pressing rod. The end of the pressing rod close to the base is provided with a pressing disc matched with the clearance hole. The end of the top plate is provided with a guide sleeve. The two sides of the guide sleeve are provided with helical grooves. The middle part of the stopper rod is fixedly connected with a suspension rod. The end of the suspension rod close to the base is fixedly connected with a suspension supporting plate. The side of the base away from the direct shear box assembly is provided with a rotating frame. The rotating frame is rotatably connected with a synchronous rotating deflection beam. The end of the deflection beam away from the rotating frame is provided with a counterweight hanger with adjustable weight. When the lifting beam moves upward, the suspension rod slides to the upper part of the helical groove along with the stopper rod, and the suspension supporting plate rotates to a state parallel to the deflection beam. When the lifting beam moves downward, the suspension rod slides to the lower part of the helical groove along with the stopper rod, and the suspension supporting plate rotates to a state intersecting and coinciding with the deflection beam.

[0007] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the two ends of the base are provided with hanging plates, the end portions of the hanging plates are rotationally connected with turnover shafts, the middle portions of the turnover shafts are provided with turnover cranks matched with the deflection beams, the side surfaces of the deflection beams are provided with grooves matched with the turnover cranks, the end portions of the turnover shafts are fixedly connected with turnover frames, and the middle portion of the base is slidingly connected with an extension sliding rod matched with the turnover frames.

[0008] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the side of the lifting beam close to the base is provided with a fixed frame, the side of the hanging rod away from the base is provided with a limiting ring matched with the fixed frame, the base is provided with a giving gap matched with the hanging support plate, and the hanging support plate penetrates through the giving gap.

[0009] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the middle portion of the support frame is provided with a U-shaped clamping groove, the two sides of the lifting beam are rotationally connected with rotating rods, and the rotating rods are fixedly connected with hanging frames matched with the U-shaped clamping groove.

[0010] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the straight shearing box assembly comprises a lower shearing frame and an upper shearing frame matched with each other, the side surface of the lower shearing frame is provided with an extension plate, the transverse moving seat is provided with a rectangular groove matched with the extension plate, the side surface of the lower shearing frame is provided with a sliding groove, the two sides of the sliding groove are slidingly connected with sliding plates, the two sliding plates are provided with buffer springs for driving the two sliding plates to separate from each other, the side surface of the sliding plate is fixedly connected with a wedge-shaped block matched with the rectangular groove, the end portion of the wedge-shaped block is rotationally connected with a rotating plate, the middle portions of the two rotating plates are rotationally connected with each other, the end portion of the rotating plate away from the wedge-shaped block is provided with a pressing head, and the side surface of the upper shearing frame is provided with a blocking strip matched with the pressing head.

[0011] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the shearing force detection assembly comprises a support fixedly connected with the base, the support is rotationally connected with a turnover sliding rod, the side of the turnover sliding rod away from the support is slidingly connected with a sliding seat, the side surface of the sliding seat is provided with a dynamometer, the side surface of the turnover sliding rod is fixedly connected with a fixed block, and the middle portion of the fixed block is threadedly connected with a jacking screw rotationally connected with the sliding seat.

[0012] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the middle portion of the base is provided with a bearing seat, the bearing seat is rotationally connected with a push-pull screw rod, the side of the push-pull screw rod close to the center of the base is threadedly connected with a push-pull plate, the side surface of the push-pull plate is fixedly connected with a guide column, the bearing seat is provided with a transverse moving motor, and the output shaft of the transverse moving motor is fixedly connected with the push-pull screw rod.

[0013] The present application has the following advantages:

[0014] Through cooperation of the spiral groove and the stop lever, the suspension supporting plate can rotate to the lower side of the deflection beam after the compression plate moves downward, the downward pressure of the deflection beam can be transmitted to the compression plate, so that the soil sample in the direct shear box assembly can be forced simultaneously, the accuracy of the experimental result is improved, and the suspension supporting plate can be separated from the deflection beam when the compression plate rises, so that the direct shear box assembly is convenient to take down, the disassembly of the whole device is more convenient, and the efficiency of the experiment is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of a kind of geotechnical direct shear test device after taking off direct shear box assembly.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the lower structure of a kind of geotechnical direct shear test device.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of a kind of geotechnical direct shear test device after direct shear box assembly is installed.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic view of the compression plate and direct shear box assembly of a kind of geotechnical direct shear test device.

[0020] Figure 5 It is the right view of Figure 4 .

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic view of the shear force detection assembly of a kind of geotechnical direct shear test device.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic view of the cooperation of the spiral groove and the stop lever of a kind of geotechnical direct shear test device.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a structure schematic view of the cooperation of direct shear box assembly and horizontal displacement seat of a kind of geotechnical direct shear test device.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a structure schematic view of the assembly of direct shear box assembly of a kind of geotechnical direct shear test device.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a structure schematic view of the disassembly of direct shear box assembly of a kind of geotechnical direct shear test device.

[0026] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the suspension frame and the U-shaped clamping groove in the rock-soil direct shear test device.

[0027] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rock-soil direct shear test device during the direct shear test.

[0028] Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure disc falling into the internal part of the direct shear box assembly in the rock-soil direct shear test device.

[0029] In the figure: 1, base; 2, pressure mechanism; 3, horizontal moving mechanism; 4, guide column; 5, guide seat; 6, push-pull plate; 7, push-pull screw rod; 8, bearing seat; 9, horizontal moving motor; 10, horizontal moving seat; 11, direct shear box assembly; 12, support frame; 13, lifting beam; 14, pressure rod; 15, pressure disc; 16, accommodation hole; 17, suspension rod; 18, suspension support plate; 19, accommodation notch; 20, rotating frame; 21, deflection beam; 22, counterweight hanger; 23, overturning frame; 24, suspension plate; 25, overturning crank; 26, shear force detection assembly; 27, overturning shaft; 28, support; 29, overturning slide rod; 30, fixed block; 31, jacking screw rod; 32, slide seat; 33, dynamometer; 34, fixed frame; 35, limiting ring; 36, guide sleeve; 37, spiral groove; 38, stop rod; 39, top plate; 40, bottom plate; 41, lower shear frame; 42, upper shear frame; 43, extension plate; 44, wedge block; 45, sliding plate; 46, buffer spring; 47, rotating plate; 48, sliding groove; 49, pressure head; 50, stop bar; 51, limiting convex strip; 52, rotating rod; 53, suspension frame; 54, U-shaped clamping groove; 55, extension slide rod; 56, rectangular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-13 A rock-soil direct shear test device, comprising a base 1, a pressure mechanism 2, and a horizontal moving mechanism 3.

[0032] The horizontal moving mechanism 3 comprises guide seats 5 fixedly connected with the base 1. Two guide seats 5 form a group, and multiple groups of guide seats 5 are evenly distributed on the surface of the base 1. Five groups of guide seats 5 are evenly distributed from left to right on the rear side of the upper surface of the base 1. The upper portions of the guide seats 5 are slidably connected with guide columns 4 arranged in front and back directions. A total of ten guide columns 4 are synchronously moved horizontally. The middle portions of the guide columns 4 are fixedly connected with horizontal moving seats 10. One straight shear box assembly 11 is arranged between a group of two horizontal moving seats 10. The straight shear box assembly 11 is detachably connected with the horizontal moving seat 10. The middle portion of the straight shear box assembly 11 is provided with a gap hole 16 with an upper opening. The circular soil sample can be placed into the gap hole 16 from top to bottom. The base 1 is provided with a shear force detection assembly 26 for detecting the force of the straight shear box assembly 11.

[0033] The pressing mechanism 2 comprises a support frame 12 fixedly connected with the left and right sides of the base 1, the support frame 12 is a U-shaped structure with an opening downward, left and right slidingly connected with the lifting beams 13 arranged in left and right directions, the middle part of the lifting beams 13 is provided with the pressing rods 14, the lower end of the pressing rods 14 is provided with the pressing plates 15 matched with the clearance holes 16, so that the lifting beams 13 are sequentially provided with five pressing rods 14 from left to right, the middle part of the top plate 39 arranged in left and right directions is fixedly connected with the upper end of the suspension rod 17, the left and right sides of the top plate 39 are provided with the guide sleeves 36, the front and rear sides of the guide sleeves 36 are provided with the helical grooves 37 arranged in a circular array, the two ends of the horizontal arranged stop rods 38 are slidingly connected with the helical grooves 37, the middle part of the stop rods 38 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the suspension rod 17, the lower end of the suspension rod 17 is fixedly connected with the suspension plate 18, the rear end of the lower surface of the base 1 is provided with the rotating frame 20, the lower part of the rotating frame 20 is rotatably connected with the rear end of the deflection beams 21, the five deflection beams 21 are synchronously rotated, the deflection beams 21 are arranged in front and rear directions, the front end of the deflection beams 21 is provided with the counterweight hanger 22, the counterweight hanger 22 is provided with different weights to adjust the downward pressure of the counterweight hanger 22 on the deflection beams 21, when the suspension plate 18 is rotated to the state of being arranged in left and right directions and is just located below the deflection beams 21, at this time, the deflection beams 21 are deflected downward under the action of the gravity of the counterweight hanger 22, the lower surface of the deflection beams 21 is in contact with the upper surface of the suspension plate 18, so that the deflection beams 21 push the suspension plate 18 to move downward, so that the pressing plates 15 press the soil samples in the clearance holes 16 downward, the vertical pressing treatment is realized, when the lifting beams 13 move upward, at this time, the lifting beams 13 drive the suspension rod 17 to move upward, at this time, the stop rods 38 move upward along the helical grooves 37, so that the lower suspension plate 18 is rotated, the suspension plate 18 can be rotated to the state of being arranged in front and rear directions, when the lifting beams 13 move downward, the suspension rod 17 moves downward under the action of the gravity, the stop rods 38 slide downward along the helical grooves 37, the suspension plate 18 is rotated to the state of being arranged in left and right directions, the suspension plate 18 has a part overlapped with the deflection beams 21 at this time, so that the deflection beams 21 can press the suspension plate 18 downward, so that the gravity of the counterweight hanger 22 can be transmitted to the pressing plates 15.

[0034] In one case of the embodiment, the left and right ends of the base 1 are provided with hanging plates 24, the lower ends of the hanging plates 24 are rotationally connected with left and right oriented turnover shafts 27, the turnover shafts 27 are provided with turnover cranks 25 which rotate synchronously with the turnover shafts 27, the front ends of the deflection beams 21 are lifted after the turnover cranks 25 rotate upwards, so that the five deflection beams 21 can be synchronously deflected upwards and downwards, the deflection beams 21 are separated from the hanging support plates 18, and the lower surfaces of the deflection beams 21 are provided with grooves, the turnover cranks 25 can be just clamped into the grooves after rotating upwards, at this time the turnover shafts 27 cannot rotate freely, and the left and right ends of the turnover shafts 27 are fixedly connected with the left and right ends of turnover frames 23, the middle part of the front side of the base 1 is slidingly connected with front and rear oriented extension sliding rods 55, when the turnover frames 23 rotate upwards, the turnover frames 23 rotate above the extension sliding rods 55, at this time the extension sliding rods 55 are pulled out to the outside, the extension sliding rods 55 can block the turnover frames 23, at this time the turnover frames 23 are clamped, and the deflection beams 21 can be kept stable and will not fall after being lifted by the turnover cranks 25.

[0035] In one case of the embodiment, the lower surface of the lifting beam 13 is fixedly connected with a fixed frame 34, the fixed frame 34 is located on the left and right sides of the pressing rod 14, and the fixed frame 34 is a U-shaped structure with an upward opening, the middle part below the fixed frame 34 is slidingly connected with the middle part of a hanging rod 17, a limiting ring 35 is arranged above the hanging rod 17, and the limiting ring 35 is located inside the fixed frame 34, when the lifting beam 13 moves upwards, the fixed frame 34 moves upwards, and when the fixed frame 34 contacts with the limiting ring 35, the fixed frame 34 and the hanging rod 17 will synchronously move upwards. And the base 1 is provided with front and rear oriented giving gaps 19, when the hanging support plates 18 move upwards and downwards with the hanging rod 17, the hanging support plates 18 will pass through the giving gaps 19. The middle part of the upper surface of the support frame 12 is provided with a U-shaped clamping groove 54, the left and right sides of the lifting beam 13 are rotationally connected with front and rear oriented rotating rods 52, the front and rear ends of the rotating rods 52 are fixedly connected with the lower ends of hanging frames 53, the upper parts of the hanging frames 53 are obliquely arranged towards the middle part of the lifting beam 13, and when the lifting beam 13 moves to a high position, the upper ends of the hanging frames 53 fall into the U-shaped clamping groove 54, at this time the U-shaped clamping groove 54 and the upper parts of the hanging frames 53 interfere with each other, at this time the lifting beam 13 will not move downwards, so that the lifting beam 13 can be kept in a high position.

[0036] In one case of the embodiment, the direct shear box assembly 11 comprises two mutually matched lower shear frame 41 and upper shear frame 42, the lower shear frame 41 and the upper shear frame 42 are rectangular structures with the same size, the middle part of the upper shear frame 42 and the lower shear frame 41 is provided with a clearance hole 16 with the same diameter and an upper and lower opening, the clearance hole 16 is a circular structure, a detachable bottom plate 40 is arranged on the lower surface of the lower shear frame 41, the upper surface of the bottom plate 40 is provided with a limiting convex strip 51 arranged left and right, and a guide groove matched with the limiting convex strip 51 is arranged on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the lower shear frame 41.

[0037] In one case of the embodiment, the left and right sides of the lower shear frame 41 are provided with horizontally arranged extension plates 43, and a rectangular rectangular groove 56 is arranged on the transverse seat 10, so that the extension plates 43 are placed at the bottom of the rectangular groove 56, and the front and rear ends of the extension plates 43 are also abutted on the front and rear sides of the rectangular groove 56, so that the lower shear frame 41 cannot be displaced with the transverse seat 10. The front and rear sides of the left and right sides of the lower shear frame 41 are provided with sliding grooves 48, the front and rear sides of the sliding grooves 48 are slidingly connected with sliding plates 45 arranged left and right, the end of the sliding plate 45 is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged wedge block 44, the lower part of the wedge block 44 is a slope, when the wedge block 44 contacts with the rectangular groove 56 from top to bottom, the side surface of the rectangular groove 56 contacts with the slope of the wedge block 44, at this time, the two wedge blocks 44 move close to each other, and the buffer spring 46 is arranged between the front and rear sliding plates 45, the buffer spring 46 pushes the two sliding plates 45 to move away from each other, so that the wedge block 44 always maintains the state of being attached to the side surface of the rectangular groove 56. And the upper end of the wedge block 44 is rotationally connected with the lower end of the rotating plate 47, the middle part of the two rotating plates 47 is crossed and rotationally connected, the pressure head 49 is arranged on the upper end of the rotating plate 47, and the front and rear sides of the left and right sides of the upper shear frame 42 are provided with a blocking strip 50, when the two wedge blocks 44 fall in the rectangular groove 56, the two pressure heads 49 move close to each other and away from the blocking strip 50, when the wedge block 44 is separated from the rectangular groove 56, the two pressure heads 49 move away from each other with the wedge block 44, so that the pressure head 49 moves downward and presses on the blocking strip 50, thereby realizing the fixing treatment of the upper shear frame 42 and the lower shear frame 41.

[0038] In one case of the embodiment, the shearing force detection assembly 26 is arranged on the front side of the upper surface of the base 1, which comprises a support 28 fixedly connected with the base 1, the upper part of the support 28 is rotationally connected with a turnover sliding rod 29, the side away from the support 28 of the turnover sliding rod 29 is slidingly connected with a sliding seat 32, the side surface of the sliding seat 32 is provided with a force gauge 33, the protruding end of the force gauge 33 is attached to the front side of the upper shearing frame 42, and when the upper shearing frame 42 moves forward, it will be stopped by the force gauge 33, at this time, the force gauge 33 will block the upper shearing frame 42, and the force gauge 33 will detect the force, the side surface of the turnover sliding rod 29 is fixedly connected with a fixed block 30, the middle part of the fixed block 30 is threadedly connected with a jacking lead screw 31 rotationally connected with the sliding seat 32, and the jacking lead screw 31 can push the sliding seat 32 to slide along the turnover sliding rod 29.

[0039] In one case of the embodiment, the middle part of the base 1 is provided with a bearing seat 8, the bearing seat 8 is arranged at the rear end of the upper surface of the base 1, the middle part of the bearing seat 8 is rotationally connected with a front-to-back push-pull lead screw 7, the front side of the push-pull lead screw 7 is threadedly connected with a left-to-right push-pull plate 6, the left and right ends of the push-pull plate 6 are slidingly connected with the left and right sides of the base 1, and the front side of the push-pull plate 6 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the guide column 4, a transverse moving motor 9 is arranged on the bearing seat 8, the output shaft of the transverse moving motor 9 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the push-pull lead screw 7, so that the transverse moving motor 9 drives the ten guide columns 4 to move forward and backward synchronously through the push-pull lead screw 7.

[0040] In the implementation process of the embodiment, the sample is prepared according to the relevant requirements of the test standard JTG 3430-2020, and the circular soil sample meeting the size requirements is taken out by the cutting ring.

[0041] The soil sample installation step is to press the sliding plate 45, so that the pressure head 49 is lifted, the upper shearing frame 42 and the lower shearing frame 41 are attached, the sliding plate 45 is loosened, the pressure head 49 is tightly pressed against the stop bar 50, the upper shearing frame 42 and the lower shearing frame 41 are assembled, and the bottom plate 40 is inserted into the bottom of the lower shearing frame 41 from left to right, at this time, the soil sample in the cutting ring is pressed into the gap hole 16 of the direct shear box assembly 11 through the water permeable stone.

[0042] The direct shear box assembly 11 is installed and handled, the shear force detection assembly 26 is turned to the side away from the center of the base 1, the lifting beam 13 is pulled up, the hanging frame 53 falls inside the U-shaped clamping groove 54, at this time the hanging support plates 18 are arranged front and back, the upper shear frame 42 and the lower shear frame 41 are pinched by hand, the direct shear box assembly 11 is placed between the two horizontal moving seats 10, the extension plates 43 on both sides of the lower shear frame 41 move towards the bottom of the rectangular groove 56, the wedge-shaped blocks 44 on both sides are in contact with the rectangular groove 56, the inclined surfaces of the two wedge-shaped blocks 44 achieve a guiding effect, so that the lower shear frame 41 is centrally placed on the horizontal moving seat 10, and at this time the pressure head 49 is separated from the stop bar 50, the upper shear frame 42 can move front and back, the direct shear box assembly 11 is released, the hanging frame 53 is removed from the U-shaped clamping groove 54, at this time the lifting beam 13 moves downward under the action of gravity, the pressure plate 15 falls on the soil sample inside the displacement hole 16, when the pressure plate 15 stops moving, the lifting beam 13 continues to descend, at this time the fixed frame 34 is separated from the limiting ring 35, the suspension rod 17 moves downward, the stop rod 38 moves downward along the spiral groove 37, the left hanging support plate 18 rotates to the right, and the right hanging support plate 18 rotates to the left, at this time the hanging support plates 18 are rotated to the left and right orientation below the deflection beam 21, the shear force detection assembly 26 is turned to the side facing the center of the base 1, there is an angle locking device between the turning slide rod 29 and the support 28, when the turning slide rod 29 is turned to the front and back orientation, the angle of the turning slide rod 29 is locked, and at this time the rotating jacking screw 31 is rotated, so that the extension end of the dynamometer 33 just touches the front side of the upper shear frame 42, different weights of counterweight blocks are placed on the counterweight hanger 22 in turn, at this time the preparation work is completed.

[0043] The direct shear test, slightly lift the turnover frame 23, press the extension slide rod 55 inward, the extension slide rod 55 is separated from the turnover frame 23, press the turnover frame 23 downward, the turnover crank 25 is separated from the groove of the deflection beam 21, at this time the deflection beam 21 rotates downward under the action of the gravity of the counterweight on the counterweight hanger 22, the deflection beam 21 presses the hanging support plate 18 downward, at this time the pressure plate 15 exerts downward pressure on the soil sample inside the displacement hole 16, the horizontal moving motor 9 is started, the horizontal moving motor 9 uniformly pushes the lower shear frame 41 forward, under the action of the internal soil sample, the upper shear frame 42 has a tendency to move forward, but the front side of the upper shear frame 42 is stopped by the dynamometer 33 and cannot move, the soil samples on both sides generate shear force, the readings of the dynamometer 33 are read every interval according to the standard, until the entire direct shear test is completed.

[0044] The direct shear box assembly 11 is disassembled, the reversing frame 23 is reversely rotated, the extension slide rod 55 is pulled out forward, the deflection beam 21 is lifted up by the reversing crank 25, the deflection beam 21 is separated from the hanging support plate 18, the shear force detection assembly 26 is reversely rotated, the force gauge 33 is separated from the upper shear frame 42, the lifting beam 13 is pulled up, the upper end of the hanging frame 53 is placed in the U-shaped clamping groove 54, during the upward movement of the lifting beam 13, first, the fixed frame 34 moves upward together with the lifting beam 13, when the fixed frame 34 moves to the upper position and contacts the limiting ring 35 of the hanging rod 17, the hanging rod 17 moves upward together with the lifting beam 13, the stop rod 38 at the upper end of the hanging rod 17 moves upward along the spiral groove 37, the two hanging rods 17 rotate, so that the hanging support plate 18 is rotated to the front-back orientation again, when the stop rod 38 cannot move to the top of the spiral groove 37, at this time, the top plate 39 moves together with the lifting beam 13, the pressure plate 15 also moves upward together with the lifting beam 13, the pressure plate 15 is separated from the displacement hole 16 of the direct shear box assembly 11, the upper shear frame 42 and the lower shear frame 41 are held by hands at the same time, so that the lower shear frame 41 is separated from the horizontal moving seat 10, when the wedge-shaped blocks 44 are separated from the rectangular groove 56, the two wedge-shaped blocks 44 move away from each other under the action of the buffer spring 46, the pressure head 49 is pressed on the blocking strip 50, at this time, the direct shear box assembly 11 is taken off.

[0045] The soil sample is taken out, the two wedge-shaped blocks 44 are pressed synchronously, the two wedge-shaped blocks 44 move close to each other, the pressure head 49 moves upward and is separated from the blocking strip 50, at this time, the upper shear frame 42 can be pulled out upward, the blocking strip 50 can be provided with a notch in the middle, so that when the two pressure heads 49 move close to each other and the upper shear frame 42 moves from bottom to top or from top to bottom, the pressure head 49 does not interfere with the blocking strip 50, the upper shear frame 42 is separated from the soil sample, the bottom plate 40 is pulled out to the right side, at this time, the soil sample can be taken out from the lower shear frame 41 from bottom to top.

[0046] The present application is suitable for a geotechnical direct shear test device, through the cooperation of the spiral groove 37 and the stop rod 38, the pressure plate 15 moves downward, and the hanging support plate 18 can be rotated below the deflection beam 21, so that the downward pressure of the deflection beam 21 can be transmitted to the pressure plate 15, thereby the soil sample in the direct shear box assembly 11 can be stressed at the same time, the accuracy of the experimental results is improved, and when the pressure plate 15 rises, the hanging support plate 18 can be separated from the deflection beam 21, thereby the direct shear box assembly 11 is convenient to take off, the disassembly and assembly of the whole device are more convenient, and the experimental efficiency is improved.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the above-exemplified embodiments and that the present application can be implemented in other particular forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. The embodiments should therefore be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the above description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. A direct shear test apparatus for soil and rock, characterized in that, Includes a base, a pressurizing mechanism, and a lateral movement mechanism; The lateral movement mechanism includes a guide seat fixedly connected to the base, two guide seats as a group, multiple groups of guide seats are evenly distributed on the surface of the base, a guide column that moves synchronously is slidably connected to the middle of the guide seat, a lateral movement seat is fixedly connected to the middle of the guide column, a straight shear box assembly is detachably connected to the lateral movement seat, a clearance hole for placing soil samples is provided in the middle of the straight shear box assembly, and a shear force detection assembly for detecting the force on the straight shear box assembly is provided on the base. The pressurizing mechanism includes a support frame fixedly connected to the side of the base. A lifting beam is slidably connected to the support frame. A pressure rod is provided in the middle of the lifting beam. A pressure plate that mates with a clearance hole is provided at the end of the pressure rod near the base. A top plate is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure rod away from the base. A guide sleeve is provided at the end of the top plate. Spiral grooves are provided on both sides of the guide sleeve. The spiral grooves are slidably connected to the two ends of a stop rod. A suspension rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the stop rod. A suspension support plate is fixedly connected to the end of the suspension rod near the base. A rotating frame is provided on the side of the base away from the straight shear box assembly. A synchronously rotating deflection beam is rotatably connected to the rotating frame. A weight-adjustable counterweight hanger is provided at the end of the deflection beam away from the rotating frame. When the lifting beam moves upward, the suspension rod slides to the upper part of the spiral groove with the stop rod, and the suspension support plate rotates to a state parallel to the deflection beam. When the lifting beam moves downward, the suspension rod slides to the lower part of the spiral groove with the stop rod, and the suspension support plate rotates to a state of intersection and overlap with the deflection beam.

2. The direct shear test apparatus for soil and rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base has suspension plates at both ends, and a flip shaft is rotatably connected to the end of the suspension plate. A flip crank that cooperates with a deflection beam is provided in the middle of the flip shaft. A groove that cooperates with the flip crank is provided on the side of the deflection beam. A flip frame is fixedly connected to the end of the flip shaft. An extension slide rod that cooperates with the flip frame is slidably connected to the middle of the base.

3. The direct shear test apparatus for soil and rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed frame is provided on the side of the lifting beam near the base, and a limiting ring that cooperates with the fixed frame is provided on the side of the suspension rod away from the base. A clearance notch that cooperates with the suspension plate is provided on the base, and the suspension plate passes through and connects to the clearance notch.

4. The direct shear test apparatus for soil and rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame has a U-shaped slot in the middle, and rotating rods are rotatably connected to both sides of the lifting beam. The rotating rods are fixedly connected to a suspension frame that cooperates with the U-shaped slot.

5. The direct shear test apparatus for soil and rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straight shear box assembly includes a lower shear frame and an upper shear frame that cooperate with each other. The lower shear frame has an extension plate on its side, and the transverse shift seat has a rectangular groove that cooperates with the extension plate.

6. The direct shear test apparatus for soil and rock according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower shear frame has a sliding groove on its side, and sliding plates are slidably connected to both sides of the sliding groove. A buffer spring is provided between the two sliding plates to drive them to separate. A wedge block that mates with the rectangular groove is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding plate. A rotating plate is rotatably connected to the end of the wedge block. The middle parts of the two rotating plates are rotatably connected to each other. A pressure head is provided at the end of the rotating plate away from the wedge block. A stop bar that mates with the pressure head is provided on the side of the upper shear frame.

7. The direct shear test apparatus for soil and rock according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the lower shear frame is detachably connected to a base plate, and the base plate is provided with a limiting protrusion. The bottom of the lower shear frame is provided with a guide groove that cooperates with the limiting protrusion.

8. The direct shear test apparatus for soil and rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shear force detection assembly includes a support fixedly connected to the base, a rotating slide rod rotatably connected to the support, a slide block slidably connected to the side of the rotating slide rod away from the support, a force gauge provided on the side of the slide block, a fixing block fixedly connected to the side of the rotating slide rod, and a tightening screw threadedly connected to the middle of the fixing block and rotatably connected to the slide block.

9. A direct shear test apparatus for soil and rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bearing seat is provided in the middle of the base, and a push-pull screw is rotatably connected to the bearing seat. A push-pull plate is threadedly connected to the side of the push-pull screw near the center of the base. A guide column is fixedly connected to the side of the push-pull plate. A transverse motor is provided on the bearing seat, and the output shaft of the transverse motor is fixedly connected to the push-pull screw.

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