Polypropylene composition suitable for automotive applications

Abstract

A composition suitable for automotive applications, obtainable by blending at least components (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E): (A) 5.0 to 40.0 wt%, preferably 7.0 to 37.5 wt%, more preferably 8.0 to 35.0 wt% of a first heterophasic propylene copolymer; (B) greater than 20.0 to 35.0 wt%, preferably 21.0 to 32.5 wt%, more preferably 22.0 to 31.0 wt%, of a second heterophasic propylene copolymer; (C) from 10.0 wt% to 50.0 wt%, preferably from 12.0 wt% to 47.5 wt%, more preferably from 14.0 wt% to 46.0 wt%, of a mixed plastic polypropylene blend; (D) from 2.5 wt% to 15.0 wt%, preferably from 3.5 wt% to 12.5 wt%, more preferably from 4.0 wt% to 11.0 wt%, of an ethylene-based plastomer; and (E) from 2.5 wt% to less than 12.5 wt%, preferably from 3.5 to 12.0 wt%, more preferably from 4.0 to 11.0 wt% of an inorganic filler; an article comprising a composition as described above or below in an amount of from 90 wt% to 100 wt%; the invention also relates to the use of the composition as described above or as described below for injection-molded articles, preferably automotive articles, more preferably automotive interior articles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a polypropylene composition particularly suitable for automotive applications, comprising a mixed plastic polypropylene-based blend and a small amount of inorganic filler. Background Art

[0002] Compositions suitable for use in the automotive industry typically comprise one or more heterophasic polypropylene copolymers and / or random heterophasic copolymers and usually also some inorganic filler.

[0003] A fundamental problem in the polymer industry is recycling. Currently, the market for recycled materials, particularly recycled materials from household waste (usually expressed as PCR (" post-consumer recycled")) is limited to some extent. Starting from household waste, the sorting and separation methods adopted will not allow the preparation of pure polymers, that is, there are always some pollutants, or the method may even result in a blend of different polymers. When it comes to polyolefins, which constitute the vast majority of the polymer parts of collected household waste, the complete separation of polypropylene and polyethylene is almost impossible. Regenerated polyolefin materials (particularly post-consumer resins) can usually be cross-contaminated with non-polyolefin materials (for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polystyrene) or non-polymeric substances (such as, wood, paper, glass or aluminum). Even worse, those post-consumer recycled polyolefin materials can be easily obtained on a multi-ton level, but unfortunately their mechanical properties are limited and there are often serious odor and / or emission problems.

[0004] For interior applications in the automotive industry, materials with an excellent stiffness / toughness balance, uniform surface appearance, low scratch visibility, and last but not least, low emissions are required. In recent years, market demand has expanded to using blends of recycled polyolefins with virgin polymers to meet the specific requirements of the final part.

[0005] WO 2022 / 258576 A1, WO 2002 / 258578 A1 and WO 2022 / 034127 A1 all disclose polypropylene compositions suitable for automotive applications, these compositions all comprising one or more heterophasic propylene copolymers, an inorganic filler and a mixed plastic polypropylene based blend derived from a recycle stream.

[0006] European patent application EP4194504A1 relates to polypropylene compositions for automotive applications comprising a mixed plastic polypropylene blend (derived from post-consumer recycled polyolefin streams), an ethylene-based plastomer, and an inorganic filler (e.g., talc). These compositions exhibit good emission performance, uniform surface appearance, scratch visibility, and impact resistance, making them suitable replacements for complex heterophasic polypropylene copolymers in automotive interior applications. However, these compositions include a relatively high content of 15 wt% inorganic filler.

[0007] The present invention is based on the surprising discovery that by carefully selecting the contents of the heterophasic propylene copolymer-based raw components HECO1 and HECO2 having different melt flow rates in a polypropylene-based composition comprising a mixed plastic polypropylene-based blend derived from post-consumer recycled polyolefin streams, an ethylene-based plastomer, and an inorganic filler (e.g., talc), the content of inorganic filler can be significantly reduced without sacrificing any beneficial properties, such as emission performance, uniform surface appearance, scratch visibility, stiffness, and impact performance. On the contrary, an excellent balance of properties can be observed, especially with respect to uniform surface appearance, stiffness, and impact strength. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention relates to a composition suitable for automotive applications, which can be obtained by blending at least the following components (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E):

[0009] (A) 5.0 to 40.0 wt%, preferably 7.0 to 37.5 wt%, more preferably 8.0 to 35.0 wt% of the first heterophasic propylene copolymer;

[0010] (B) greater than 20.0 to 35.0 wt%, preferably 21.0 to 32.5 wt%, more preferably 22.0 to 31.0 wt% of a second heterophasic propylene copolymer;

[0011] (C) 10.0 to 50.0 wt%, preferably 12.0 to 47.5 wt%, more preferably 14.0 to 46.0 wt% of a mixed plastic polypropylene blend;

[0012] (D) 2.5 wt% to 15.0 wt%, preferably 3.5 to 12.5 wt%, more preferably 4.0 to 11.0 wt% of an ethylene-based plastomer; and

[0013] (E) 2.5 wt% to less than 12.5 wt%, preferably 3.5 to 12.0 wt%, more preferably 4.0 to 11.0 wt% of an inorganic filler;

[0014] wherein all percentages are based on the total weight of the composition, and

[0015] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) comprises a matrix phase and an elastomeric phase dispersed therein, the first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) having:

[0016] - a melt flow rate (MFR2) in the range of 90 to 250 g / 10 min, measured at 230°C and 2.16 kg according to ISO 1133; and

[0017] - an intrinsic viscosity of the soluble fraction (iV(SF)) determined by CRYSTEX QC analysis in accordance with DIN ISO 1628 / 1 in the range of 2.00 to 4.00 dl / g;

[0018] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) comprises a matrix phase and an elastomeric phase dispersed therein and has:

[0019] - a melt flow rate (MFR2) in the range of 3.0 to 30 g / 10 min, measured at 230°C and 2.16 kg according to ISO 1133; and

[0020] - an intrinsic viscosity of the soluble fraction (iV(SF)) determined by CRYSTEX QC analysis in accordance with DIN ISO 1628 / 1 in the range of 4.10 to 10.00 dl / g;

[0021] The mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) has:

[0022] - a crystallizate fraction (CF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis in the range of 85.0 to 96.0 wt.-%, preferably in the range of 86.5 to 95.5 wt.-%, and

[0023] - the soluble fraction (SF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis is in the range of 4.0 to 15.0 wt%, preferably in the range of 4.5 to 13.5 wt%, wherein,

[0024] - Crystallized fraction (CF) was quantitatively 13 The ethylene content (C2(CF)) determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy is in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 wt%, preferably in the range of 1.5 to 9.5 wt%, and

[0025] - the intrinsic viscosity (iV(SF)) of the soluble fraction (SF) is in the range of 0.9 to 2.1 dl / g, preferably in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 dl / g, more preferably in the range of 1.1 to 1.9 dl / g;

[0026] The ethylene-based plastomer (D) is a copolymer of ethylene and a comonomer unit selected from α-olefins having 3 to 12 carbon atoms (preferably α-olefins having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, most preferably 1-octene), and the ethylene-based plastomer (D) has:

[0027] - a melt flow rate in the range of 0.2 to 2.5 g / 10 min, preferably in the range of 0.3 to 2.0 g / 10 min, measured at 190° C. and 2.16 kg according to ISO 1133; and

[0028] - Density measured according to ISO 1183 is 850 to 870 kg / m 3 , preferably 855 to 865 kg / m 3 ;and

[0029] The composition has a melt flow rate (MFR2) measured according to ISO 1133 at 230°C and 2.16 kg in the range of 5.0 to less than 20.0 g / 10 min, preferably 7.5 to 19.0 g / 10 min, more preferably 9.0 to 17.5 g / 10 min.

[0030] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a product comprising the composition described above or below, wherein the content of the composition is 90 to 100 wt%.

[0031] Furthermore, the present invention relates to use of the composition as described above or below in injection molded articles (preferably automotive articles, more preferably automotive interior articles).

[0032] definition

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in practice to test the present invention, preferred materials and methods are described herein. In describing and advocating the present invention, the following terms will be used according to the definitions set out below. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the use of the terms "a", "an", etc. means more than one / more than one.

[0034] Mixed plastics are defined as the presence of small amounts of compounds not normally found in virgin polypropylene blends, such as polystyrene, polyamides, polyesters, wood, paper, limonene, aldehydes, ketones, fatty acids, metals and / or long-term degradation products of stabilizers. Virgin polypropylene blends are those derived directly from the production process without intermediate use.

[0035] By definition, “mixed plastics” can be equated to detectable amounts of polystyrene and / or polyamide-6 and / or limonene and / or fatty acids.

[0036] Mixed plastics can therefore be derived from post-consumer waste and industrial waste rather than virgin polymers. Post-consumer waste refers to items that have completed at least their first use cycle (or life cycle), meaning they have served their primary purpose. In contrast, industrial waste refers to production or processing waste that does not typically reach consumers.

[0037] The term "virgin" refers to newly produced materials and / or articles prior to their first use, ie materials and / or articles that have not been recycled.

[0038] The term "recycled material" as used herein means material that is reprocessed from "recycled waste."

[0039] Polymer blends are mixtures of two or more polymer components. Generally speaking, blends can be prepared by mixing two or more polymer components. A suitable mixing process known in the art is post-polymerization blending. Post-polymerization blending can be dry blending of the polymer components (e.g., polymer powders and / or composite polymer particles) or melt blending of the polymer components by melt mixing.

[0040] Mixed plastic polypropylene blend means that the blend contains primarily polypropylene; however, small amounts of other plastics are also present. Recycled blends (especially post-consumer recycled blends) are almost always mixed plastic blends, which reflects the limitations of the sorting efficiency of existing recycling processes.

[0041] Polypropylene refers to a polymer consisting of units derived from propylene in an amount greater than 50 mol%.

[0042] Polyethylene refers to a polymer consisting of units derived from ethylene in a content greater than 50 mol%.

[0043] A propylene homopolymer is a polymer consisting essentially of propylene monomer units. Due to impurities, especially impurities present in commercial polymerization processes, the propylene homopolymer may contain up to 0.1 mol% of comonomer units, preferably up to 0.05 mol% of comonomer units, most preferably up to 0.01 mol% of comonomer units.

[0044] The term "elastomer" refers to a natural or synthetic polymer that exhibits elastic properties. The term "plastomer" refers to a natural or synthetic polymer that combines the properties of an elastomer and a plastic, for example, a polymer that exhibits rubber-like properties with the processing capabilities of a plastic. Ethylene-based plastomers are those composed of units derived from ethylene in an amount greater than 50 mol%.

[0045] The presence of multiphase properties can be readily determined by the number of glass transition points, for example by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and / or high-resolution microscopy such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or atomic force microscopy (AFM).

[0046] The term "XCS" refers to the xylene cold soluble fraction (XCS wt %) measured at 25°C according to ISO 16152. The term "XCI" refers to the xylene cold insoluble fraction (XCI wt %) measured at 25°C according to ISO 16152.

[0047] Reactor blends are blends made in two or more reactors connected in series or in a reactor with two or more reaction chambers. Alternatively, reactor blends can be made by blending in solution. Reactor blends are different from compounds made by melt extrusion.

[0048] If not otherwise specified, "%" refers to weight % (wt%). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 The property balance of surface appearance, stiffness and impact performance is shown for Examples IE1-IE5 and CE1-CE6 in the form of tiger stripes (MSE surface quality, 1.5s) as a function of stiffness-impact coefficient (tensile modulus*Charpy NIS (+23°C)). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Composition

[0051] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a composition suitable for automotive applications, which is obtainable by blending at least components (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E):

[0052] (A) 5.0 to 40.0 wt%, preferably 7.0 to 37.5 wt%, more preferably 8.0 to 35.0 wt% of the first heterophasic propylene copolymer;

[0053] (B) greater than 20.0 to 35.0 wt%, preferably 21.0 to 32.5 wt%, more preferably 22.0 to 31.0 wt% of a second heterophasic propylene copolymer;

[0054] (C) 10.0 wt% to 50.0 wt%, preferably 12.0 to 47.5 wt%, more preferably 14.0 to 46.0 wt% of a mixed plastic polypropylene blend;

[0055] (D) 2.5 wt% to 15.0 wt%, preferably 3.5 to 12.5 wt%, more preferably 4.0 to 11.0 wt% of an ethylene-based plastomer; and

[0056] (E) 2.5 wt% to less than 12.5 wt%, preferably 3.5 to 12.0 wt%, more preferably 4.0 to 11.0 wt% of an inorganic filler;

[0057] wherein all percentages are based on the total weight of the composition, and

[0058] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) comprises a matrix phase and an elastomeric phase dispersed therein and has:

[0059] - a melt flow rate (MFR2) in the range of 90 to 250 g / 10 min, measured at 230°C and 2.16 kg according to ISO 1133; and

[0060] - an intrinsic viscosity of the soluble fraction (iV(SF)) determined by CRYSTEX QC analysis in accordance with DIN ISO 1628 / 1 in the range of 2.00 to 4.00 dl / g;

[0061] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) comprises a matrix phase and an elastomeric phase dispersed therein and has:

[0062] - a melt flow rate (MFR2) in the range of 3.0 to 30 g / 10 min, measured at 230°C and 2.16 kg according to ISO 1133; and

[0063] - an intrinsic viscosity (iV(SF)) of the soluble fraction analyzed by CRYSTEX QC according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 in the range of 4.10 to 10.00 dl / g;

[0064] The mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) has:

[0065] - a crystallizate fraction (CF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis in the range of 85.0 to 96.0 wt.-%, preferably in the range of 86.5 to 95.5 wt.-%, and

[0066] - the soluble fraction (SF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis is in the range of 4.0 to 15.0 wt%, preferably in the range of 4.5 to 13.5 wt%, wherein,

[0067] - The crystallized fraction (CF) is quantitatively 13 The ethylene content (C2(CF)) determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy is in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 wt%, preferably in the range of 1.5 to 9.5 wt%, and

[0068] - the intrinsic viscosity (iV(SF)) of the soluble fraction (SF) is in the range of 0.9 to 2.1 dl / g, preferably in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 dl / g, more preferably in the range of 1.1 to 1.9 dl / g;

[0069] The ethylene-based plastomer (D) is a copolymer of ethylene and a comonomer unit selected from α-olefins having 3 to 12 carbon atoms (preferably α-olefins having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, most preferably 1-octene), and the ethylene-based plastomer (D) has:

[0070] - a melt flow rate in the range of 0.2 to 2.5 g / 10 min, preferably in the range of 0.3 to 2.0 g / 10 min, measured at 190° C. and 2.16 kg according to ISO 1133; and

[0071] - Density measured according to ISO 1183 is 850 to 870 kg / m 3 , preferably 855 to 865 kg / m 3 ;and

[0072] The composition has a melt flow rate (MFR2) measured according to ISO 1133 at 230°C and 2.16 kg in the range of 5.0 to less than 20.0 g / 10 min, preferably 7.5 to 19.0 g / 10 min, more preferably 9.0 to 17.5 g / 10 min.

[0073] The composition according to the invention suitable for automotive applications is particularly suitable for injection molding of articles for vehicle interiors.

[0074] The compositions suitable for automotive applications according to the present invention have one or more of the following characteristics:

[0075] The composition has a melt flow rate MFR2 (230° C., 2.16 kg, ISO 1133) of 5.0 to less than 20.0 g / 10 min, preferably 7.5 to 19.0 g / 10 min, more preferably 9.0 to 17.5 g / 10 min.

[0076] The composition can be characterized by CRYSTEX QC analysis.In the CRYSTEX QC analysis, a crystallite fraction (CF) and a soluble fraction (SF) are obtained, which can be quantified and analyzed according to the monomer and comonomer content and the intrinsic viscosity (iV).

[0077] The composition preferably exhibits one or all of the following properties in the CRYSTEX QC analysis:

[0078] - a crystallizate fraction (CF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis in the range of 65.0 to 85.0 wt.-%, preferably in the range of 70.0 to 80.0 wt.-%, and

[0079] - the soluble fraction (SF) content, determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis, is in the range of 15.0 to 35.0 wt%, preferably in the range of 20.0 to 30.0 wt%.

[0080] In general, the crystallizate fraction (CF) content and the soluble fraction (SF) content of a composition relate only to its polymer components, i.e. not including other components, such as inorganic fillers (E), which are insoluble and therefore do not participate in the dissolution and crystallization cycles in the determination method described below.

[0081] Thus, the crystallizate fraction (CF) content and the soluble fraction (SF) content are based on the weight of the polymer component of the composition.

[0082] The crystallized fraction (CF) preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0083] - By quantitative 13 an ethylene content (C2(CF)) of 1.0 to 10.0 wt%, preferably 2.5 to 7.5 wt%, as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy; and / or

[0084] The intrinsic viscosity (iV(CF)) measured in decalin at 135° C. according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 is less than 2.0 dl / g, preferably from 1.2 to 1.9 dl / g.

[0085] The soluble fraction (SF) preferably has one or more of the following properties, preferably all of the following properties:

[0086] - By quantitative 13 an ethylene content (C2(SF)) determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy in the range of 30 to 50 wt%, preferably in the range of 35 to 48 wt%; and / or

[0087] The intrinsic viscosity (iV(SF)) measured in decalin at 135° C. according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 is greater than 2.1 dl / g, preferably from 2.2 to 3.7 dl / g.

[0088] The ratio of the intrinsic viscosities of the soluble fraction and the crystallisate fraction of the composition (iV(SF) / iV(CF)) is preferably greater than 1.0, more preferably from 1.40 to 2.20, still more preferably from 1.55 to 2.00.

[0089] Furthermore, the ratio of the ethylene content of the soluble fraction to the crystallizate fraction of the composition (C2(SF) / C2(CF)) is preferably in the range of 2.5 to 15.0, more preferably in the range of 3.5 to 14.0, still more preferably in the range of 5.0 to 12.5.

[0090] The compositions according to the invention preferably exhibit an excellent balance of properties, showing an excellent balance of properties with respect to flow (as can be seen from the melt flow rate mentioned above), impact properties, stiffness (e.g. in terms of tensile properties) and in particular emission properties (e.g. in terms of LBS and HBS volatiles and fogging).

[0091] The tensile modulus of the composition is preferably from 1200 MPa to 2200 MPa, preferably from 1300 MPa to 2000 MPa.

[0092] Furthermore, the composition preferably has a Charpy notched impact strength at 23°C (CNIS at 23°C) of 7.5 kJ / m 2 Up to 55.0kJ / m 2 , more preferably 8.5 to 50.0 kJ / m 2 .

[0093] Furthermore, the composition preferably has a Charpy notched impact strength at -20°C (CNIS at -20°C) of 2.5 kJ / m 2 Up to 10.0 kJ / m 2 , more preferably 3.5 to 7.5 kJ / m 2 .

[0094] Furthermore, the composition preferably has a rigidity-impact coefficient tensile modulus*Charpy NIS (+23°C) of 10,000 to 100,000 MPa*kJ / m 2 , more preferably 1500 to 80000 MPa*kJ / m 2 , still more preferably 15000 to 70000 MPa*kJ / m 2 .

[0095] Furthermore, the composition preferably has a low boiling organic substance (LBS) content in the range of 5 to 100 μg / g, more preferably in the range of 10 to 75 μg / g, as determined by screening organic emissions by thermal desorption analysis.

[0096] Furthermore, the composition has a high boiling organic substance (HBS) content in the range of 100 to 500 μg / g, more preferably in the range of 200 to 450 μg / g, as determined by screening organic emissions by thermal desorption analysis.

[0097] Furthermore, the composition preferably has an aerosolized amount measured according to the gravimetric method DI 75201:2011-11, method B, in the range of 0.05 to 1.00 mg, more preferably in the range of 0.15 to 0.75 mg.

[0098] The composition of the present invention necessarily comprises components (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) as described above or below, in the correspondingly described amounts.

[0099] Components (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) preferably account for 85.0 to 100 wt%, more preferably 90.0 to 99.9 wt%.

[0100] The composition preferably further comprises a pigment masterbatch, and the content of the pigment masterbatch is 0.5 to 10.0 wt%, more preferably in the range of 2.0 to 10.0 wt%, and most preferably in the range of 4.0 to 10.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0101] The composition preferably further comprises additives in an amount of up to 3.0 wt%, more preferably from 0.1 to 3.0 wt%, and even more preferably from 0.5 to 2.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0102] Typically, the additives are selected from antioxidants, anti-slip agents, nucleating agents, anti-scratch agents, anti-scorch agents, metal deactivators, UV stabilizers, acid scavengers, lubricants, antistatic agents, and the like, and combinations thereof. These additives are well known in the polymer industry, and their use is familiar to those skilled in the art. Any additive present can be added as a separate raw material or in the form of a mixture with a carrier polymer (i.e., in the form of a so-called masterbatch).

[0103] The composition according to the present invention is generally prepared by melt blending components (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E), optional pigment masterbatch and optional additives. Melt blending equipment and conditions are within the conventional technical scope of this field.

[0104] In particular, conventional compounding or blending equipment is preferably used, such as a Banbury mixer, a twin-roll rubber mill, a Buss co-kneader or a twin-screw extruder. More preferably, the mixing is carried out in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder.

[0105] The polymeric material (eg the composition according to the invention) recovered from the extruder is typically in the form of pellets.

[0106] First heterophasic propylene copolymer (A)

[0107] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) comprises a matrix phase and an elastomeric phase dispersed therein.

[0108] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) has a melt flow rate MFR2 (230°C, 2.16 kg, ISO 1133) of 90 to 250 g / 10 min, preferably of 95 to 200 g / 10 min, more preferably of 97 to 175 g / 10 min.

[0109] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) can be characterised by CRYSTEX QC analysis.In the CRYSTEX QC analysis a crystallisate fraction (CF) and a soluble fraction (SF) are obtained which can be quantified and analysed with respect to monomer and comonomer content and intrinsic viscosity (iV).

[0110] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) preferably shows one or all of the following properties in CRYSTEX QC analysis:

[0111] - a crystallizate fraction (CF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis in the range of 80.5 to 92.0 wt.-%, preferably 82.0 to 90.0 wt.-%, more preferably 83.0 to 86.0 wt.-%; and

[0112] - the soluble fraction (SF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis is in the range of 8.0 to 19.5 wt%, preferably in the range of 10.0 to 18.0 wt%, more preferably in the range of 13.0 to 17.0 wt%.

[0113] The crystallized fraction (CF) preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0114] - By quantitative 13 an ethylene content (C2(CF)) of 0.1 to 5.0 wt%, preferably 0.2 to 4.0 wt%, more preferably 0.5 to 3.0 wt%, as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy; and / or

[0115] The intrinsic viscosity (iV(CF)) measured in decalin at 135° C. according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 is less than 1.8 dl / g, preferably from 0.8 to 1.6 dl / g, more preferably from 0.9 to 1.3 dl / g.

[0116] The soluble fraction (SF) preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0117] - By quantitative 13 an ethylene content (C2(SF)) determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy in the range of 25.0 to 45.0 wt%, preferably 27.5 to 43.0 wt%, more preferably 30.0 to 42.0 wt%; and / or

[0118] - an intrinsic viscosity (iV(SF)) determined in decalin at 135° C. according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 of from 1.50 to 4.00 dl / g, preferably from 1.60 to 3.00 dl / g, more preferably from 1.70 to 2.50 dl / g;

[0119] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) preferably comprises units derived from ethylene in an amount of 2.5 to 12.5 wt-%, more preferably 4.0 to 10.0 wt-%, still more preferably 5.0 to 7.5 wt-%.

[0120] The ratio of the intrinsic viscosities of the soluble fraction and the crystallizate fraction (IV(SF) / IV(CF)) is preferably greater than 1.0, more preferably from 1.3 to 2.5, still more preferably from 1.4 to 2.0.

[0121] The ratio of the ethylene content of the soluble fraction to the crystallized fraction (C2(SF) / C2(CF)) is preferably in the range of 7.5 to 22.5, more preferably in the range of 10.0 to 20.0, still more preferably in the range of 15.0 to 17.5.

[0122] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) further preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0123] - a melting temperature Tm of 155 to 175°C, more preferably of 157 to 172°C, still more preferably of 160 to 170°C; and / or

[0124] - a crystallization temperature Tc of 115 to 135°C, more preferably 117 to 132°C, still more preferably 119 to 130°C,

[0125] All stated temperatures were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

[0126] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) preferably shows a good balance of properties in terms of mechanical properties, impact properties and thermal stability:

[0127] The tensile modulus of the first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) is preferably from 1200 to 1600 MPa, more preferably from 1250 to 1550 MPa, still more preferably from 1300 to 1500 MPa.

[0128] Furthermore, the first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) preferably has a Charpy notched impact strength at 23°C (CNIS at 23°C) of 1.0 to 7.5 kJ / m 2 , more preferably 2.0 to 5.0 kJ / m 2 .

[0129] Preferably the first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) consists of propylene units and ethylene units only.

[0130] Although not measured, the content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the soluble fraction (SF) and the content of units derived from ethylene (C2) in the soluble fraction (SF) preferably add up to 100 wt%.

[0131] The content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the soluble fraction (SF) is preferably from 55.0 to 75.0 wt%, more preferably from 57.0 to 72.5 wt%, still more preferably from 58.0 to 70.0 wt%.

[0132] Although not measured, the content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the crystallize fraction (CF) and the content of units derived from ethylene (C2) in the crystallize fraction (CF) preferably add up to 100 wt.-%.

[0133] The content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the crystallizate fraction (CF) is preferably from 95.0 to 99.9 wt.-%, more preferably from 96.0 to 99.8 wt.-%, still more preferably from 97.0 to 99.5 wt.-%.

[0134] The total content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the first heterophasic polypropylene copolymer (A) is preferably from 87.5 to 97.5 wt%, more preferably from 90.0 to 96.0 wt%, yet more preferably from 92.5 to 95.0 wt%.

[0135] The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) is preferably a pristine polymer.

[0136] Heterophasic propylene copolymers suitable as first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) are commercially available.

[0137] Before mixing with the other components for the preparation of the composition according to the present invention the first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) may be ventilated (e.g. as described in EP 3 786 190 A1 ) in order to remove volatile components.

[0138] Second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B)

[0139] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) comprises a matrix phase and an elastomeric phase dispersed therein.

[0140] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) has a melt flow rate MFR2 (230°C, 2.16 kg, ISO 1133) of 3.0 to 30 g / 10 min, preferably of 4.0 to 20.0 g / 10 min, more preferably of 4.5 to 10.0 g / 10 min.

[0141] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) can be characterised by CRYSTEX QC analysis.In the CRYSTEX QC analysis a crystallisate fraction (CF) and a soluble fraction (SF) are obtained which can be quantified and analysed with respect to monomer and comonomer content and intrinsic viscosity (iV).

[0142] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) preferably shows one or all of the following properties in CRYSTEX QC analysis:

[0143] - a crystallizate fraction (CF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis in the range of 65.0 to 85.0 wt.-%, preferably 70.0 to 82.5 wt.-%, more preferably 74.0 to 80.0 wt.-%; and

[0144] - the soluble fraction (SF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis is in the range of 15.0 to 35.0 wt%, preferably in the range of 17.5 to 30.0 wt%, more preferably in the range of 20.0 to 26.0 wt%.

[0145] The crystallized fraction (CF) preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0146] - By quantitative 13 an ethylene content (C2(CF)) of 0.1 to 5.0 wt%, preferably 0.2 to 4.0 wt%, more preferably 0.5 to 3.0 wt%, as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy; and / or

[0147] The intrinsic viscosity (iV(CF)) measured in decalin at 135° C. according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 is less than 2.5 dl / g, preferably from 1.2 to 2.4 dl / g, more preferably from 1.6 to 2.2 dl / g.

[0148] The soluble fraction (SF) preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0149] - By quantitative 13 an ethylene content (C2(SF)) determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy in the range of 18.0 to 30.0 wt%, preferably 19.0 to 28.0 wt%, more preferably 20.0 to 26.0 wt%; and / or

[0150] The intrinsic viscosity (IV(SF)) determined in decalin at 135° C. according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 is from 4.10 to 10.00 dl / g, preferably from 4.50 to 8.00 dl / g, more preferably from 5.00 to 6.00 dl / g.

[0151] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) preferably comprises units derived from ethylene in an amount of 2.5 to 12.5 wt%, more preferably 4.0 to 10.0 wt%, still more preferably 5.0 to 7.5 wt%.

[0152] The ratio of the intrinsic viscosities of the soluble fraction and the crystallisate fraction (IV(SF) / IV(CF)) is preferably greater than 2.0, more preferably from 2.2 to 3.5, still more preferably from 2.5 to 3.2.

[0153] The ratio of the ethylene content of the soluble fraction to the crystallizate fraction (C2(SF) / C2(CF)) is preferably in the range of 5.0 to 17.5, more preferably in the range of 7.5 to 15.0, still more preferably in the range of 10.0 to 12.5.

[0154] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) further preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0155] - a melting temperature Tm of 155 to 175°C, more preferably of 157 to 172°C, still more preferably of 160 to 170°C; and / or

[0156] - a crystallization temperature Tc of 110 to 130°C, more preferably 112 to 127°C, still more preferably 114 to 124°C,

[0157] All stated temperatures were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

[0158] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) preferably shows a good balance of properties in terms of mechanical properties, impact properties and thermal stability:

[0159] The tensile modulus of the second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) is preferably from 850 to 1300 MPa, more preferably from 900 to 1200 MPa, still more preferably from 1000 to 1150 MPa.

[0160] Furthermore, the second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) preferably has a Charpy notched impact strength at 23°C (CNIS at 23°C) of 30 to 75 kJ / m 2 , more preferably 40 to 60 kJ / m 2 .

[0161] Preferably the second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) consists of propylene units and ethylene units only.

[0162] Although not measured, the content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the soluble fraction (SF) and the content of units derived from ethylene (C2) in the soluble fraction (SF) preferably add up to 100 wt%.

[0163] The content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the soluble fraction (SF) is preferably from 70.0 to 82.0 wt%, more preferably from 72.0 to 81.0 wt%, still more preferably from 74.0 to 80.0 wt%.

[0164] Although not measured, the content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the crystallize fraction (CF) and the content of units derived from ethylene (C2) in the crystallize fraction (CF) preferably add up to 100 wt.-%.

[0165] The content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the crystallizate fraction (CF) is preferably from 95.0 to 99.9 wt.-%, more preferably from 96.0 to 99.8 wt.-%, still more preferably from 97.0 to 99.5 wt.-%.

[0166] The total content of units derived from propylene (C3) in the second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) is preferably from 87.5 to 97.5 wt%, more preferably from 90.0 to 96.0 wt%, yet more preferably from 92.5 to 95.0 wt%.

[0167] The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) is preferably a pristine polymer.

[0168] Heterophasic propylene copolymers suitable as second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) are commercially available.

[0169] Before mixing with the other components for the preparation of the composition according to the present invention the second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) may be ventilated (e.g. as described in EP 3 786 190 A1 ) in order to remove volatile components.

[0170] Mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C)

[0171] The mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) is a recycled material rich in polypropylene, which means that it contains significantly more polypropylene than polyethylene. Recycled waste streams with a high polypropylene content can be obtained, for example, from the automotive industry, especially since some automotive parts such as bumpers are a source of fairly pure polypropylene material in the recycled stream.

[0172] Preferably, the polypropylene-rich recycled material is obtained from recycled waste by a plastic recycling process known in the art. Such recycled materials are commercially available from, for example, Corepla (Italian Plastic Packaging Waste Collection, Recycling and Regeneration Alliance), Resource Plastics Corp. (Brampton, Ontario), Kruschitz GmbH, Plastics and Recycling (Austria), Vogt Plastik GmbH (Germany), Mtm ​​Plastics GmbH (Germany), etc. Non-exhaustive examples of polypropylene-rich recycled materials include: (Mtm Plastics GmbH), Recycled polypropylene granules (Axion Ltd) and polypropylene copolymer (BSP Compounds).

[0173] During the recycling process, any reasonable measures are typically taken to reduce / eliminate any components other than polyethylene and polypropylene, provided the end application or use dictates such measures; however, other components are typically present in minor amounts.

[0174] Other such components include polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), all of which are present in amounts as low as possible, preferably below the detection limit.

[0175] The melt flow MFR2 (measured according to ISO 1133 at 230°C and 2.16 kg) of the mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) is preferably in the range of 10.0 to 40.0 g / 10 min, more preferably in the range of 12.0 to 35.0 g / 10 min, most preferably in the range of 13.0 to 30.0 g / 10 min.

[0176] The mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) can be characterized by CRYSTEX QC analysis. In the CRYSTEX QC analysis, a crystallite fraction (CF) and a soluble fraction (SF) are obtained, which can be quantified and analyzed according to the monomer and comonomer content and the intrinsic viscosity (iV).

[0177] The mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) preferably exhibits one or all of the following properties in CRYSTEX QC analysis:

[0178] - a crystallizate fraction (CF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis in the range of 85.0 to 96.0 wt.-%, preferably 86.5 to 95.5 wt.-%, more preferably 89.0 to 95.0 wt.-%; and

[0179] - the soluble fraction (SF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis is in the range of 4.0 to 15.0 wt%, preferably 4.5 to 13.5 wt%, more preferably 5.0 to 11.0 wt%.

[0180] The crystallized fraction (CF) preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0181] - By quantitative 13 an ethylene content (C2(CF)) of from 1.0 to 10.0 wt%, preferably in the range of from 1.5 to 9.5 wt%, more preferably from 2.0 to 7.5 wt%, as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy; and / or

[0182] The intrinsic viscosity (iV(CF)) measured in decalin at 135° C. according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 is less than 2.5 dl / g, preferably from 1.1 to 2.3 dl / g, more preferably from 1.4 to 2.0 dl / g.

[0183] The soluble fraction (SF) preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0184] - By quantitative 13 an ethylene content (C2(SF)) determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy in the range of 20.0 to 55.0 wt%, preferably 22.0 to 50.0 wt%, more preferably 24.0 to 48.0 wt%; and / or

[0185] The intrinsic viscosity (iV(SF)) determined in decalin at 135° C. according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 is in the range of 0.9 to 2.1 dl / g, preferably in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 dl / g, more preferably in the range of 1.1 to 1.9 dl / g.

[0186] The mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) preferably comprises units derived from ethylene in an amount of 2.5 to 10.0 wt%, more preferably 3.0 to 9.0 wt%, still more preferably 3.5 to 8.0 wt%.

[0187] The mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) preferably has an inorganic residue content determined by calcination analysis according to DIN ISO 1172:1996 of 0.05 to 3.0 wt%, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2.5 wt%, most preferably in the range of 1.0 to 2.5 wt%.

[0188] The mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) is preferably derived from post-industrial waste or post-consumer waste, most preferably from post-consumer waste.

[0189] The limonene content of the mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) determined by solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS) is preferably in the range of 1 to 250 mg / m 3 within the range.

[0190] The presence of limonene indicates that the mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) is derived from post-consumer waste.

[0191] Further evidence of the recycled nature of the mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) includes the presence of other polymers such as polystyrene and polyamide-6, and the presence of fatty acids.

[0192] Therefore, it is further preferred that the mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) contains one or more of polystyrene, polyamide-6 and fatty acid, and preferably contains polystyrene, polyamide-6 and fatty acid at the same time.

[0193] The CIELAB color space (L*a*b) of the mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) is preferably:

[0194] i) L* is from 50.0 to 97.0, more preferably from 80.0 to 97.0;

[0195] ii) a* is from -5.0 to 0.0;

[0196] iii) b* is from 0.0 to 22.0 (but not including 22.0).

[0197] In order to produce a light-colored (eg light grey) polypropylene composition, it is especially preferred that the L* value is in the range of 80.0 to 97.0.

[0198] Before blending with the other components for preparing the composition according to the invention, the mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) may be ventilated (eg as described in EP 3 786 190 A1 ) in order to remove volatile components.

[0199] Ethylene-based plastomers (D)

[0200] The ethylene-based plastomer (D) is preferably a copolymer of ethylene and a comonomer unit, wherein the comonomer unit is selected from α-olefins having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably α-olefins having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1-butene or 1-octene, and most preferably 1-octene.

[0201] Ethylene-based plastomers are often added to further improve the impact properties of the composition.

[0202] The ethylene-based plastomer (D) preferably has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties:

[0203] - melt flow rate MFR2 (190 ° C, 2.16 kg, ISO 1133) of 0.2 to 2.5 g / 10 min, preferably 0.3 to 2.0 g / 10 min; and

[0204] - Density 850 to 870 kg / m 3 , preferably 855 to 865 kg / m 3 .

[0205] Such ethylene-based plastomers are commercially available under the trade names Engage, Exact, Queo, Tafmer, or others.

[0206] Inorganic filler (E)

[0207] Preferably, the inorganic filler (E) is selected from talc, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, mica and mixtures thereof.

[0208] Most preferably, the inorganic filler (E) is talc.

[0209] The median particle size d of the inorganic filler (preferably talc) (E) before compounding 50 It is preferably 0.3 to 30.0 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 15.0 μm.

[0210] In addition, the top-cut particle size of the inorganic filler (preferably talc) (E) before compounding is d 95 It is preferably 1.0 to 50.0 microns, more preferably 1.5 to 35.0 microns.

[0211] Particle size is typically measured by Sedigraph and is given in the technical data sheets for commercial grades.

[0212] Such inorganic fillers are commercially available.

[0213] Pigment Masterbatch

[0214] The composition of the present invention is preferably a colored composition.

[0215] Therefore, the content of the pigment masterbatch is in the range of 0.5 to 10.0 wt%, more preferably in the range of 2.0 to 10.0 wt%, and most preferably in the range of 4.0 to 10.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0216] The total pigment content of pigment masterbatch is preferably within the range of 40.0 to 80.0wt%. Pigment masterbatch can comprise a pigment, or can comprise a plurality of pigments. When pigment masterbatch comprised greater than a pigment, pigment masterbatch can provide with the form of a plurality of pigment masterbatch, and every kind of pigment masterbatch comprised a pigment, wherein the content sum of a single pigment masterbatch equals the gross weight of pigment masterbatch according to the present invention.

[0217] The choice of pigment depends on the expected color of the composition. Apart from such considerations, there is no restriction on the selection of suitable pigments. Those skilled in the art will be able to select suitable pigments to achieve a specific final color of the composition.

[0218] additive

[0219] Based on the total weight of the composition, the amount of other additives added is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 wt%, more preferably 0.1 to 3.0 wt%, and even more preferably 0.5 to 2.5 wt%. Those skilled in the art can select suitable additives known in the art.

[0220] The additives are preferably selected from antioxidants, UV stabilizers, anti-scratch agents, mold release agents, acid scavengers, lubricants, antistatic agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0221] It will be understood that the amount of additives (relative to the total weight of the composition) includes any carrier polymer used to introduce the additives into the composition, ie a masterbatch carrier polymer. An example of such a carrier polymer is polypropylene homopolymer in powder form.

[0222] Products

[0223] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a product comprising a composition as described above or below in an amount of 90 to 100 wt%, preferably 95 to 100 wt%, more preferably 98 to 100 wt%, still more preferably 99 to 100 wt%.

[0224] The article is preferably a molded article, more preferably a molded automotive article.

[0225] The articles are preferably used in vehicle interiors, such as instrument panels, step assists, interior trim parts, ash trays, interior body panels, and gear shifters.

[0226] Articles made from the compositions of the present invention, in addition to the excellent balance of properties of the compositions described above, also exhibit good surface quality, for example in terms of tiger stripes as measured by MSE surface quality.

[0227] Preferably, the article has a surface quality of less than 25 MSE at 1.5 s, more preferably less than 23.

[0228] In addition, the surface quality of the article at MSE at 3 s is preferably less than 15, more preferably less than 13.

[0229] Furthermore, the surface quality of the article at 6s MSE is preferably less than 15, preferably less than 13.

[0230] In addition, the MSE surface quality of the article at 1.5 s preferably satisfies the following dimensionless inequality (I):

[0231] MSE, 1.5s<0.00015·TM·Charpy NIS, 23℃+20

[0232] Among them, MSE,1.5s is the MSE surface quality at 1.5s,

[0233] TM is the tensile modulus, measured according to ISO 527-2, in [MPa -1 ],as well as

[0234] Charpy NIS, 23℃ is Charpy notched impact strength, measured according to ISO 179 1eA at +23℃, unit is [m 2 / kJ].

[0235] In addition, the MSE surface quality of the article preferably satisfies the following dimensionless inequality (II) at 3 s:

[0236] MSE, 3s<-0,5·filler+15

[0237] in,

[0238] MSE,3s is the MSE surface quality at 3s, and

[0239] Filler = inorganic filler (E) content, unit is [1 / wt%].

[0240] Furthermore, the article preferably has a scratch resistance at 10 N in the range of 0.00 to 1.00, more preferably 0.10 to 0.90.

[0241] use

[0242] In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composition as described above or below for injection molded articles, preferably automotive articles, more preferably automotive interior articles.

[0243] Experimental part

[0244] The following examples are included to illustrate certain aspects and embodiments of the present invention as described in the claims. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following description is only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way.

[0245] Test Method

[0246] a) CRYSTEX

[0247] Determination of the crystallite and soluble fractions and their properties (IV and ethylene content)

[0248] The crystallite fraction (CF) and soluble fraction (SF) of a polypropylene (PP) composition were analyzed, along with the comonomer content and intrinsic viscosity of each fraction, using a CRYSTEX instrument, Polymer Char (Valencia, Spain). Detailed information on this technique and method can be found in the literature (Ljiljana Jeremic, Andreas Albrecht, Martina Sandholzer, and Markus Gahleitner (2020) Rapid characterization of high-impact ethylene–propylene copolymer composition by crystallization extraction separation: comparability to standard separation methods, International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, 25:8, 581–596).

[0249] The crystallized and non-crystallized fractions were separated by temperature cycling with dissolution at 160°C, crystallization at 40°C, and redissolution in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene at 160°C. SF and CF were quantified, as well as the ethylene content (C2), using an integrated infrared detector (IR4). The intrinsic viscosity (IV) was determined using an online 2-capillary viscometer.

[0250] The IR4 detector is a multi-wavelength detector that measures two distinct bands (CH3 stretching vibration (centered at approximately 2960 cm -1 ) and CH stretching vibration (2700-3000cm -1)) is used to determine the concentration and ethylene content in ethylene-propylene copolymers. The IR4 detector is used with a series of 8 EP copolymers (with known ethylene contents ranging from 2 wt% to 69 wt% (by 13 C-NMR measurements), and were calibrated at various concentrations ranging from 2 mg / ml to 13 mg / ml. In order to simultaneously meet the characteristics, concentrations, and ethylene content of the various polymer concentrations expected during Crystex analysis, the following calibration equation was used:

[0251] Concentration = a + b * absorbance (CH) + c * (absorbance (CH)) 2 +d*absorbance(CH3)+e*(absorbance(CH3) 2 +f*absorbance(CH)*absorbance(CH3) (Formula 1)

[0252] CH3 / 1000C=a+b*absorbance(CH3)+c*absorbance(CH3)+d*(absorbance(CH3) / absorbance(CH3))+e*(absorbance(CH3) / absorbance(CH3)) 2 (Formula 2)

[0253] Constants a to e of Formula 1 and constants a to f of Formula 2 were determined by using least squares regression analysis.

[0254] The CH3 / 1000C is converted to ethylene content (in wt%) using the following relationship:

[0255] wt% (ethylene in EP copolymer) = 100 - CH3 / 1000TC*0.3 (Formula 3)

[0256] The amounts of the soluble fraction (SF) and the crystallite fraction (CF) are correlated via an XS calibration to the "xylene cold soluble" (XCS) amount and the "xylene cold insoluble" (XCI) fraction, respectively, determined gravimetrically according to ISO 16152. The XS calibration was performed by testing various EP copolymers with XS contents ranging from 2 to 31 wt%. The determined XS calibration is linear:

[0257] wt%XS=1.01*wt%SF (Formula 4)

[0258] The intrinsic viscosity (iV) of the parent EP copolymer and its soluble and crystallized fractions was determined using an online 2-capillary viscometer and correlated with the corresponding iV determined by the standard method in decalin according to ISO 1628-3. Calibration was achieved using various EP PP copolymers with iV = 2-4 dL / g. The calibration curve determined was linear:

[0259] iV(dL / g)=a*Vsp / c (Equation 5)

[0260] The sample to be analyzed was weighed at a concentration of 10 mg / ml to 20 mg / ml. To avoid injecting gels and / or polymers (such as PET and PA) that may not dissolve in TCB at 160°C, the weighed sample was placed in a stainless steel mesh (MW 0.077 / D 0.05 mm).

[0261] After automatically adding 1,2,4-TCB solution containing 250 mg / l 2,6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) as an antioxidant to the sample bottle, the sample was stirred at 160°C at a constant speed of 400 rpm until completely dissolved, usually for 60 minutes. To avoid sample degradation, the polymer solution was protected by N2 atmosphere during dissolution.

[0262] A specified volume of sample solution is injected into a chromatography column filled with an inert support, where the sample crystallizes and the soluble fraction is separated from the crystallized fraction. This process is repeated twice. During the first injection, the entire sample is measured at high temperature, and the IV (dl / g) and C2 (wt%) of the PP composition are determined. During the second injection, the soluble fraction (at low temperature) and the crystallized fraction (at high temperature) (wt% SF, wt% C2, IV) of the crystallization cycle are measured.

[0263] b) Xylene cold soluble fraction (XCS, wt%)

[0264] The xylene cold soluble fraction (XCS) is determined according to ISO 16152; first edition; 2005-07-01 at 25° C. The remaining insoluble part is the xylene cold insoluble (XCI) fraction.

[0265] c) Intrinsic viscosity

[0266] The intrinsic viscosity is determined according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1, October 1999 edition (in decalin at 135° C.).

[0267] d) Charpy notched impact strength

[0268] According to ISO 179-1eA, at +23 ° C and at -20 ° C, using 80 × 10 × 4 mm prepared according to EN ISO 1873-2 3 The measurements were performed on injection molded specimens after conditioning the specimens at 23°C for 96 hours.

[0269] e) Tensile modulus

[0270] The measurement is carried out according to ISO 527-2 (crosshead speed = 1 mm / min; test speed 50 mm / min at 23° C.) using injection molded specimens 1B (dog bone shape, thickness 4 mm) prepared according to EN ISO 1873-2. The measurement is carried out after conditioning the specimens at 23° C. for 96 hours.

[0271] f) Comonomer content

[0272] Poly(propylene-co-ethylene)-ethylene content-IR spectroscopy

[0273] The ethylene content of the poly(ethylene-co-propylene) copolymers was quantified using quantitative infrared (IR) spectroscopy by calibration to the primary method. 13 The IR spectra were calibrated using a set of in-house, non-commercial calibration standards of known ethylene content, as determined by C solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The calibration procedure was performed in a conventional manner well documented in the literature. The calibration set consisted of 38 calibration standards with ethylene contents ranging from 0.2 to 75.0 wt%, obtained under various conditions at either pilot or full-scale production. The calibration set was selected to reflect the typical variation in copolymers encountered by the final quantitative IR spectroscopy method.

[0274] Quantitative IR spectra were recorded in the solid state using a Bruker Vertex 70 FTIR spectrometer. Spectra were recorded on 25 x 25 mm square films 300 μm thick prepared by compression molding at 180-210° C. and 4-6 MPa. For samples with very high ethylene content (>50 mol %), 100 μm thick films were used. Standard transmission FTIR spectroscopy was employed using a 5000-500 cm -1 spectral range, 6mm aperture, 2cm -1 spectral resolution, 16 background scans, 16 spectral scans, an interferogram zero filling factor of 64, and a Blackmann-Harris three-term window function. Use the corresponding (CH2) ＞2 The structural unit is at 730cm -1 and 720cm -1 The total area of ​​CH2 rocking deformation at Q ), quantitative analysis (integration method G, integration limit 762cm -1 and 694cm -1 The quantitative band was normalized to the band corresponding to the CH structural unit at 4323 cm -1 The area of ​​the CH band at R )(Integration method G, integration limit 4650cm -1 and 4007cm -1 Then, using the secondary calibration curve, the normalized absorbance value (AQ / A R ) predicts the ethylene content in weight percent. A calibration curve has been previously constructed by ordinary least squares (OLS) regression of the normalized absorbance values ​​measured on the calibration set and the main comonomer content.

[0275] Poly(propylene-co-ethylene)-ethylene content- 13 C NMR spectroscopy

[0276] The NMR spectrometer was used on a Bruker Avance III 400 NMR spectrometer at 400.15 MHz and 100.62 MHz. 1 H and 13 C to operate and record the quantitative data in the solution state 13 C{ 1 H} NMR spectroscopy. Nitrogen was used for all pneumatic systems and the temperature was set at 125 °C. 13 All spectra were recorded using a 10 mm extended temperature probe optimized for 1 000 nm. Approximately 200 mg of the material was dissolved in 3 ml of 1,2-tetrachloroethane-d2 (TCE-d2) along with chromium(III) acetylacetonate (Cr(acac)3) to give a 65 mM solution of the relaxation agent in the solvent (Singh, G., Kothari, A., Gupta, V., Polymer Testing 28 5 (2009), 475).

[0277] To ensure a homogeneous solution, the NMR tube was further heated in a rotary oven for at least 1 hour after initial sample preparation in a heating block. After insertion of the magnet, the tube was rotated at 10 Hz. This setup was chosen primarily for the quantitative needs required for high resolution and accurate quantification of ethylene content. Standard single pulse excitation was used in the absence of NOEs, with an optimized vertex angle, 1 s recycle delay, and a dual-level WALTZ16 decoupling scheme (Zhou, Z. et al., J. Mag. Reson. 187 (2007) 225, and Busico, V. et al., Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2007, 28, 1128). A total of 6144 (6k) transients were collected for each spectrum. For quantitative 13 C{ 1H} NMR spectra are processed, integrated, and the relevant quantitative properties are determined by integration. Using the chemical shift of the solvent, all chemical shifts are indirectly referenced to the central methylene of the ethylene block (EEE) at 30.00 ppm. This method allows for comparable reference even in the absence of this structural unit. Characteristic signals corresponding to ethylene binding are observed (Cheng, HN, Macromolecules 17 (1984), 1950), and the comonomer fraction is calculated as the fraction of ethylene in the polymer relative to all monomers in the polymer: fE=(E / (P+E)). Using the method of Wang et al., by 13 C{ 1 The comonomer fraction is quantified by integrating multiple signals over the entire spectral region in the H} spectrum (Wang, WJ., Zhu, S., Macromolecules 33 (2000), 1157). This method was chosen because of its robustness and the ability to analyze the presence of regional defects when needed. The integration region is slightly adjusted to increase applicability over the entire range of comonomer contents encountered. For systems with very low ethylene content where only isolated ethylene is observed in the PPEPP sequence, the method of Wang et al. is adjusted to reduce the impact of site integration that no longer exists. This method reduces the overestimation of the ethylene content in such systems and is achieved by reducing the number of sites used to determine the absolute ethylene content to E = 0.5 (Sββ + Sβγ + Sβδ + 0.5 (Sαβ + Sαγ)). By using this set of sites, using the same symbols used in the article by Wang et al., the corresponding integration equation becomes E = 0.5 (I H +I G +0.5(I C +I D ))(Wang, W. J., Zhu, S., Macromolecules 33 (2000), 1157). The equation for absolute propylene content is unchanged. The mole percent comonomer incorporation is calculated from the mole fraction: E [mol%] = 100 * fE. The weight percent comonomer incorporation is calculated from the mole fraction: E [wt%] = 100 * (fE * 28.06) / ((fE * 28.06) + ((1 - fE) * 42.08)).

[0278] g) Comonomer content

[0279] Using the film thickness method, the content is determined based on the intensity of the dosing tape I(q) and the thickness of the pressed film T using the following relationship: [I(q) / T]m+c=C, where m and c are coefficients determined from a calibration curve using the equation 13 The comonomer content was constructed by C-NMR spectroscopy.

[0280] Based on the use 13 Comonomer content was measured in a known manner by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) calibrated with C-NMR using a Nicolet Magna 550 IR spectrometer and Nicolet Omnic FTIR software. Films with a thickness of approximately 250 μm were compression molded from the samples. Similar films were prepared from calibration samples with known comonomer content. Comonomer content was determined by measuring the wavenumbers from 1430 to 1100 cm -1 The absorbance is measured as the peak height by selecting the so-called short baseline or the long baseline or both. The short baseline is at about 1410-1320 cm -1 The long baseline is drawn at about 1410-1220 cm. -1 A specific calibration is required for each baseline type. In addition, the comonomer content of the unknown samples is within the range of the comonomer content of the calibration samples.

[0281] h)MFR

[0282] The melt flow rate (MFR2) is measured at 230°C (polypropylene-based materials) or at 190°C (polyethylene-based materials) with a load of 2.16 kg. The melt flow rate is the amount of polymer in grams that is extruded in 10 minutes at a temperature of 230°C (or 190°C) using a test apparatus standardized according to ISO 1133 under a load of 2.16 kg.

[0283] i) Density

[0284] Density was measured according to ISO 1183-187. Sample preparation was performed by compression molding according to ISO 1872-2:2007.

[0285] j)DSC analysis, melting temperature (T m ) and heat of fusion (H f ), crystallization temperature (T c ) and heat of crystallization (H c )

[0286] The crystallization temperature (T) was measured on 5 to 7 mg samples using a TA Instrument Q2000 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC was run according to ISO 11357 / Part 3 / Method C2 in a heating / cooling / heating cycle with a scan rate of 10°C / min and a temperature range of -30 to +225°C. c ) and crystallization enthalpy (H c ) is determined from the cooling step, while the melting temperature (Tm) and melting enthalpy (H m ) is determined from the second heating step.

[0287] k) Scratch resistance

[0288] To determine the scratch visibility, a CrossHatch Cutter model 420P manufactured by Erichsen was used. For the test, plates with dimensions of 70×70×4 mm were cut from molded particle boards with dimensions of 140×200×4 mm (particle parameters: average particle size = 1 mm, particle depth = 0.12 mm, taper = 6°). The time interval between specimen injection molding and scratch testing was 7 days. For the test, the specimen must be clamped in a suitable device as described above. Using a cylindrical metal pen with a spherical end (radius = 0.5 mm ± 0.01), the scratches were applied at a force of 10 N. A cutting speed of 1000 mm / min was used. At least 20 mutually parallel scratches with a spacing of 2 mm were formed under a load of 10 N. The scratches were repeatedly applied perpendicular to each other to obtain a scratched screen. The scratching direction should be unidirectional.

[0289] Scratch visibility is expressed as the difference in brightness, ΔL, between the unscratched and scratched areas. ΔL values ​​are measured using a spectrophotometer that complies with DIN 5033. For a detailed description of the test method (Erichsen cross-hatch method), see Thomas Koch and Doris Machl, "Evaluation of scratch resistance in multiphase PP blends," Polymer Testing, 26 (2007), pp. 927-936.

[0290] l) Tiger stripes (MSE)

[0291] The tendency to exhibit flow marks was examined using the following method. This method is described in detail in WO 2010 / 149529 A1, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein. An optical measurement system, such as that described by Sybille Frank et al. in PPS 25 Intern. Conf. Polym. Proc. Soc 2009 or Proceedings of the SPIE, Vol. 6831, pp. 68130T-68130T-820 (2008), was used to characterize surface quality. This method consists of two aspects:

[0292] 1. Image recording:

[0293] The basic principle of the measurement system is to illuminate the sheet with a defined light source (LED) in a closed environment and record the image with a CCD camera system.

[0294] 2. Image Analysis:

[0295] The specimen is flood-illuminated from one side, and part of the light reflected upward is deflected by two mirrors onto a CCD sensor. The resulting grayscale image is analyzed line by line. Based on the recorded grayscale value deviations, the mean square error (MSE) is calculated, allowing for quantification of surface quality. The larger the MSE value, the more obvious the surface defects.

[0296] Generally speaking, for the same material, when the injection speed increases, the tendency of flow marks will increase.

[0297] For this evaluation, 440 x 148 x 2.8 mm plaques with VW K50 die and a 1.4 mm film gate were used and were prepared with different fill times of 1.5 sec, 3 sec and 6 sec, respectively.

[0298] Other conditions:

[0299] Melting temperature: 240℃

[0300] Molding temperature: 30℃

[0301] Dynamic pressure: 10 bar hydraulic

[0302] m) Atomization

[0303] Fogging is measured according to ISO 75201:2011-11, Method B (gravimetric) on compression-molded specimens (80 mm + / - 1 mm diameter, 2 mm thickness) cut from injection-molded plaques. This method determines the mass (in mg) of fogging condensate on the aluminum foil by weighing the foil before and after the fogging test. The term "fogging" refers to the fraction of volatiles that condenses on a glass component, such as a vehicle windshield.

[0304] n) Screening of organic emissions (LBS and HBS) by thermal desorption analysis

[0305] This method describes the semi-quantitative determination of organic compounds released from polyolefins. It is similar to VDA 278 (October 2011), but with certain adjustments.

[0306] Samples (injection-molded plaques, DIN-A5) were sealed in aluminum-coated polyethylene bags immediately after production and delivered to the laboratory within 14 days. In the laboratory, the samples were kept open at below 25°C for 7 days. After this period, aliquots of 60 ± 5 mg were prepared from the stored samples. Aliquots were sized to maximize the continuous, intact area, rather than cutting the aliquots into smaller pieces to create the largest possible surface area. The diameter of the inlet tube was prioritized. The length and thickness were then selected accordingly based on the specified aliquot weight. The aliquots were directly desorbed using heating and a helium flow. Volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds were extracted into the gas stream and cryofocused before being injected into a gas chromatography (GC) system for analysis. The method involves two extraction stages: for the low boiling point substance (LBS) analysis, aliquots were desorbed at 90°C for 30 minutes to identify volatile organic compounds with a boiling / elution range up to n-C25 (n-pentacosane). The analysis of high boiling point substances (HBS) involved a 60 min desorption step at 120 °C on the same aliquot to identify semivolatile compounds boiling / eluting in the range from n-C14 (n-tetradecane) to n-C32 (n-dotriacontane).

[0307] Similar to the VOC and FOG values ​​in VDA 278, LBS is calculated using toluene equivalents (TE) and HBS using hexadecane equivalents (HE), using semi-quantification and appropriate calibration. The results are expressed in μg / g.

[0308] The integration parameters for the LBS and HBS evaluations were chosen so that the "area reject" corresponded to an area of ​​1 μg / g (for TE and HE, respectively). Therefore, smaller peaks were not included in the semi-quantitative results. The GC oven program remained unchanged, regardless of whether a calibration run, LBS run, or HBS run was performed. The starting temperature was 50°C (held for 1 minute), followed by a temperature increase of 10°C / min to a final temperature of 320°C (held for 10 minutes). For the GC column, an Agilent DB5: 50m×250μm×0.25μm (or equivalent) was used. The method requires a thermal desorption system TDS 3 (Gerstel) and a cooled injection system CIS 4 (Gerstel) as well as a GC system with a flame ionization detector (FID), but does not involve a mass spectrometer. The CIS final temperature was always set to 380°C, not 280°C.

[0309] o) CIELAB color space (L*a*b*)

[0310] In the CIE L*a*b* uniform color space, color coordinates are: L*, the lightness coordinate; a*, the redness / greenness coordinate, where +a* represents red and -a* represents green; and b*, the yellowness / blueness coordinate, where +b* represents yellow and -b* represents blue. The L*, a*, and b* axes define the three-dimensional CIE color space. Testing was performed using a standard Konica / Minolta colorimeter CM-3700A.

[0311] p) Inorganic residues

[0312] Inorganic residues were quantified using a Perkin Elmer TGA 8000 according to DIN ISO 1172:1996. Approximately 10-20 mg of material was placed in a platinum pan. The temperature was equilibrated at 50°C for 10 minutes, after which it was increased to 950°C under nitrogen at a heating rate of 20°C / min. The ash content was estimated as wt% at 850°C.

[0313] q) Limonene detection

[0314] Limonene was quantified using solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS) by the standard addition method.

[0315] 50 mg of ground sample was weighed into a 20 mL headspace vial, and after adding different concentrations of limonene and a glass-coated magnetic stir bar, the vial was sealed with a silicone / PTFE-lined magnetic cap. Diluted limonene standards of known concentrations were added to the sample using a microcapillary (10 μL). 0, 2, 20, and 100 ng (equivalent to 0 mg / kg, 0.1 mg / kg, 1 mg / kg, and 5 mg / kg) of limonene were added. In addition, 6.6 mg / kg, 11 mg / kg, and 16.5 mg / kg of limonene standards were combined with some of the samples tested in this application. Quantification was performed using ion 93 obtained in SIM mode. Enrichment of the volatile fraction was performed by headspace solid-phase microextraction using a 2 cm stable and flexible 50 / 30 μm DVB / Carboxen / PDMS fiber at 60°C for 20 minutes. Desorption was performed directly in the heated injection port of the GCMS system at 270°C.

[0316] GCMS parameters:

[0317] Chromatographic column: 30m HP 5MS 0.25*0.25;

[0318] Injector: splitless, equipped with 0.75 mm SPME liner, 270 °C;

[0319] Temperature program: -10°C (hold for 1 minute);

[0320] Carrier gas: Helium 5.0, linear velocity 31 cm / s, constant flow;

[0321] Mass spectrometer (MS): single quadrupole, direct interface, interface temperature 280°C;

[0322] Acquisition mode: SIM scan mode;

[0323] Scan parameters: 20-300 amu;

[0324] SIM parameters: m / Z 93, 100 ms dwell time.

[0325] experiment

[0326] a) Heterophasic propylene copolymers HECO1, HECO2 and HECO3

[0327] Catalyst system:

[0328] For the polymerization process of HECO2 and HECO3, a conventional transesterification high-yield MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta polypropylene catalyst component containing diethyl phthalate as an internal donor is used. This catalyst component and its preparation method are described, for example, in patent publications EP491566, EP591224, and EP586390.

[0329] Therefore, the preparation of catalyst component is as follows: first, under inert conditions, 0.1mol MgCl2 x 3EtOH is suspended in 250ml decane in the reactor under normal pressure. The solution is cooled to-15 ℃ and 300ml of cold TiCl4 is added, while the temperature is maintained at said temperature. Then, the temperature of the slurry is slowly increased to 20 ℃. At this temperature, 0.02mol dioctyl phthalate (DOP) is added in the slurry. After adding phthalate, the temperature is increased to 135 ℃ in 90 minutes, and the slurry is maintained for 60 minutes. Then, another 300ml of TiCl4 is added, and the temperature is maintained at 135 ℃ for 120 minutes. Afterwards, the catalyst is filtered out from the liquid and washed 6 times with 300ml of heptane at 80 ℃. Then, the solid catalyst component is filtered out and dried.

[0330] The catalyst was further modified (VCH modification of the catalyst). At room temperature and under inert conditions, 35 ml of mineral oil (Paraffinum Liquidum PL68) was added to a 125 ml stainless steel reactor, followed by 0.82 g of triethylaluminum (TEAL) and 0.33 g of biscyclopentyldimethoxysilane (donor D). After 10 minutes, 5.0 g of the catalyst prepared above (Ti content: 1.4 wt%) was added, followed by 5.0 g of vinylcyclohexane (VCH) after a further 20 minutes. The temperature was raised to 60°C over 20 minutes and maintained at this temperature for 20 hours. Finally, the temperature was lowered to 20°C and the oil / catalyst mixture was analyzed for unreacted VCH concentration, which was found to be 200 ppm by weight.

[0331] The catalyst used to prepare HECO1 was a Ziegler-Natta catalyst commercially available from Lyondell Basell (Italy) under the trade name ZN180M.

[0332] HECO1 was produced in a prepolymerization / loop reactor / gas phase reactor 1 / gas phase reactor 2 configuration followed by a pelletizing step.

[0333] HECO2 and HECO3 were produced in a prepolymerization / loop reactor / gas phase reactor 1 / gas phase reactor 2 / gas phase reactor 3 configuration followed by a pelletizing step.

[0334] For HECO1, HECO2 and HECO3, the catalyst system specified above was used in combination with triethylaluminum (TEAL) as cocatalyst and biscyclopentadienyldimethoxysilane (donor D) as external donor.

[0335] The polymerization conditions are shown in Table 1.

[0336] Table 1: Polymerization conditions for HECO

[0337]

[0338]

[0339] The heterophasic copolymers HECO1, HECO2 and HECO3 were compounded at 220° C. in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder Coperion ZSK 47 with 0.15 wt% of an antioxidant (Irganox B215FF from BASF AG, Germany; a 1:2 mixture of pentaerythritol-tetrakis(3-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate (CAS No. 6683-19-8) and tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite (CAS No. 31570-04-4)), 0.05 wt% of calcium stearate (CAS No. 1592-23-0, commercially available from Faci, Italy).

[0340] The granules of the heterophasic copolymers HECO1, HECO2 and HECO3 are aerated before use to remove volatile organic components, as described in EP 3 786 190 A1.

[0341] b) Mixed plastic polypropylene blend

[0342] The properties of the mixed plastic polypropylene blend are shown in Table 2.

[0343] Table 2: Properties of mixed plastic polypropylene blends

[0344]

[0345] The pellets of the mixed plastic polypropylene blend are aerated before use to remove volatile organic components, as described in EP 3 786 190 A1.

[0346] c) Compounding of Inventive Compositions and Comparative Compositions

[0347] According to the formulations shown in Table 3, the inventive and comparative compositions were prepared by compounding in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder Coperion ZSK 40 at 220°C.

[0348] In addition to the HECO and mixed plastic polypropylene blends described above, the following commercially available components were employed:

[0349] Plastomer 1: Elastomeric ethylene-octene copolymer, trade name Engage 8180, commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company (USA), MFR2 (190°C) of 0.5 g / 10 min, density of 863 kg / m 3 .

[0350] Plastomer 2: Elastomeric ethylene-octene copolymer, trade name Engage 8842, commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company (USA), MFR2 (190°C) of 1.0 g / 10 min, density of 857 kg / m3 .

[0351] Filler 1 Talc, trade name HAR T84, commercially available from Imerys (France), with a median diameter d50 of 2.0 μm and a top cut diameter d95 of 10.0 μm.

[0352] Filler 2 Talc, trade name Jetfine 3CA, commercially available from Imerys (France), with a median diameter d50 of 3.9 μm and a top cut diameter d95 of 7.8 μm.

[0353] Black MB was polyethylene-based masterbatch CBMB LD-09 A02 from Borealis AG (Norway), which contained 40 wt% of pigment.

[0354] The white MB was obtained from the polyethylene masterbatch Masterminds PE white 90 / 1111 from QolorTech (Netherlands), which contained 70 wt% of pigment.

[0355] Additive MB1 additive masterbatch, consisting of the following components: 1.50 wt% of a carrier propylene homopolymer, commercially available under the trade name HC001 A from Borealis AG (Austria); 0.10 wt% of an antioxidant, commercially available under the trade name Irgafos 168 (CAS No. 31570-04-4) from BASF AG (Germany); 0.15 wt% of an antioxidant, commercially available under the trade name Irganox 1076 (CAS No. 2082-79-3) from BASF AG (Germany); 0.40 wt% of a bisphenol A-epoxy resin, commercially available under the trade name Araldite GT 7072ES (CAS No. 25036-25-3) from Huntsman Corporation (USA); 2.00 wt% of a silicone masterbatch, i.e., dimethylsiloxane:polypropylene = 50:50, from Dow Chemical. Corning; and, 0.20 wt% of a UV stabilizer masterbatch with the trade name Cyasorb UV-3808PP5, commercially available from Cytec Industries, Inc. (USA).

[0356] MB2 additive masterbatch, consisting of the following components: 1.20 wt% of a carrier propylene homopolymer, commercially available under the trade name HC001 A from Borealis AG (Austria); 0.10 wt% of an antioxidant, commercially available under the trade name Irgafos 168 (CAS No. 31570-04-4) from BASF AG (Germany); 0.25 wt% of an antioxidant, commercially available under the trade name Irganox 1076 (CAS No. 2082-79-3) from BASF AG (Germany); 0.50 wt% of a bisphenol A-epoxy resin, commercially available under the trade name Araldite GT 7072ES (CAS No. 25036-25-3) from Huntsman Corporation (USA); 2.00 wt% of a silicone masterbatch, i.e., dimethylsiloxane:polypropylene = 50:50, from Dow Chemical. Corning; 0.20 wt% of a UV stabilizer masterbatch with the trade name Cyasorb UV-3808PP5, commercially available from Cytec Industries, Inc. (USA); and 0.20 wt% of a slip agent with the trade name Crodamide EBS beads (CAS No. 203-755-6), commercially available from Croda International (UK).

[0357] The formulations of the inventive composition and the comparative composition are shown in Table 3.

[0358] The properties of the inventive composition and the comparative composition are shown in Table 4.

[0359]

[0360]

[0361]

[0362] Figure 1 The performance balance of surface appearance, stiffness, and impact performance for Examples IE1-IE5 and CE1-CE6 is shown as a plot of tiger stripe (MSE surface quality, 1.5s) versus stiffness-impact coefficient (tensile modulus * Charpy NIS (+23°C)). The lower the MSE value, the higher the coefficient, and the better the quality of the compound.

[0363] according to Figure 1 It can be seen that the inventive examples show an improved balance of properties in terms of surface appearance, stiffness, and impact performance compared to CE1-CE4, and a comparable balance of properties compared to CE5 and CE6.

[0364] The inventive examples also exhibit good processability (melt flow rate), scratch resistance and low emissions (LBS, HBS, fogging) and are therefore suitable as injection molding compositions for automotive interior applications.

[0365] The inventive examples show that by using a high content of regenerative material of 15-45 wt% and a low content of talc of 5-10 wt%, materials with comparable or even superior properties can be obtained.

Claims

1. A composition suitable for automotive applications, which can be obtained by blending at least components (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E): (A) 5.0 to 40.0 wt%, preferably 7.0 to 37.5 wt%, more preferably 8.0 to 35.0 wt% of the first heterophasic propylene copolymer; (B) greater than 20.0 to 35.0 wt%, preferably 21.0 to 32.5 wt%, more preferably 22.0 to 31.0 wt% of a second heterophasic propylene copolymer; (C) 10.0 to 50.0 wt%, preferably 12.0 to 47.5 wt%, more preferably 14.0 to 46.0 wt% of a mixed plastic polypropylene blend; (D) 2.5 wt% to 15.0 wt%, preferably 3.5 to 12.5 wt%, more preferably 4.0 to 11.0 wt% of an ethylene-based plastomer; and (E) 2.5 wt% to less than 12.5 wt%, preferably 3.5 to 12.0 wt%, more preferably 4.0 to 11.0 wt% of an inorganic filler; in, All percentages are based on the total weight of the composition, and The first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) comprises a matrix phase and an elastomeric phase dispersed therein, the first heterophasic propylene copolymer (A) having: - a melt flow rate (MFR2) in the range of 90 to 250 g / 10 min, measured at 230°C and 2.16 kg according to ISO 1133; as well as - an intrinsic viscosity of the soluble fraction (iV(SF)) determined by CRYSTEX QC analysis in accordance with DIN ISO 1628 / 1 in the range of 1.50 to 4.00 dl / g; The second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) comprises a matrix phase and an elastomeric phase dispersed therein, the second heterophasic propylene copolymer (B) having: - a melt flow rate (MFR2) in the range of 3.0 to 30 g / 10 min, measured at 230°C and 2.16 kg according to ISO 1133; as well as - an intrinsic viscosity of the soluble fraction (iV(SF)) determined by CRYSTEX QC analysis in accordance with DIN ISO 1628 / 1 in the range of 4.10 to 10.00 dl / g; The mixed plastic polypropylene blend (C) has: - a crystallizate fraction (CF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis in the range of 85.0 to 96.0 wt.-%, preferably in the range of 86.5 to 95.5 wt.-%, and - the soluble fraction (SF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis is in the range of 4.0 to 15.0 wt%, preferably in the range of 4.5 to 13.5 wt%, wherein, - The crystallized fraction (CF) is quantitatively 13 The ethylene content (C2(CF)) determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy is in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 wt%, preferably in the range of 1.5 to 9.5 wt%, and - the intrinsic viscosity (iV(SF)) of the soluble fraction (SF) is in the range of 0.9 to 2.1 dl / g, preferably in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 dl / g, more preferably in the range of 1.1 to 1.9 dl / g; The ethylene-based plastomer (D) is a copolymer of ethylene and a comonomer unit selected from α-olefins having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably α-olefins having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, most preferably 1-octene, and the ethylene-based plastomer (D) has: - a melt flow rate MFR2 measured at 190°C and 2.16 kg according to ISO 1133 of 0.2 to 2.5 g / 10 min, preferably 0.3 to 2.0 g / 10 min; and - Density measured according to ISO 1183 is 850 to 870 kg / m 3 , preferably 855 to 865 kg / m 3 ;and The composition has a melt flow rate MFR2 measured according to ISO 1133 at 230° C. and 2.16 kg in the range of 5.0 to less than 20.0 g / 10 min, preferably 7.5 to 19.0 g / 10 min, more preferably 9.0 to 17.5 g / 10 min.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The inorganic filler (E) is talc, and the talc has: - median particle size d before compounding 50 0.3 to 30.0 microns, preferably 1.5 to 15.0 microns; and / or - Top cut particle size d before compounding 95 The particle size is 1.0 to 50.0 μm, preferably 5.0 to 35.0 μm.

3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, which has a crystallite fraction (CF) and a soluble fraction (SF) in a CRYSTEX QC analysis, wherein - a crystallizate fraction (CF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis in the range of 65.0 to 85.0 wt%, preferably 70.0 to 80.0 wt%, and - the soluble fraction (SF) content determined according to CRYSTEX QC analysis is in the range of 15.0 to 35.0 wt%, preferably 20.0 to 30.0 wt%, wherein, - The crystallized fraction (CF) is quantitatively 13 an ethylene content (C2(CF)) determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 wt%, preferably 2.5 to 7.5 wt%; and / or the intrinsic viscosity (iV(CF)) of the crystallizate fraction (CF), determined according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1, is less than 2.0 dl / g, preferably from 1.2 to 1.9 dl / g; and / or - The soluble fraction (SF) is quantified by 13 an ethylene content (C2(SF)) determined by FT-IR spectroscopy calibrated with C-NMR spectroscopy in the range of 30 to 50 wt%, preferably 35 to 48 wt%; and / or - the soluble fraction (SF) has an intrinsic viscosity (iV(SF)) determined according to DIN ISO 1628 / 1 of greater than 2.1 dl / g, preferably from 2.2 to 3.7 dl / g; and / or - the ratio of the intrinsic viscosity of the soluble fraction to the intrinsic viscosity of the crystallisate fraction of the composition (iV(SF) / iV(CF)) is greater than 1.0, preferably from 1.40 to 2.20, more preferably from 1.55 to 2.00; and / or - the ratio of the ethylene content of the soluble fraction to the crystallizate fraction of the composition (C2(SF) / C2(CF)) is from 2.5 to 15.0, more preferably in the range of 3.5 to 14.0, still more preferably in the range of 5.0 to 12.

5.

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which has a tensile modulus of 1200 MPa to 2200 MPa, preferably 1300 MPa to 2000 MPa, as measured according to ISO 527-2.

5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the composition has the following Charpy notched impact strength measured at +23°C or -20°C according to ISO 179 1eA: Charpy notched impact strength at 23°C is 7.5 kJ / m 2 Up to 55.0kJ / m 2 , preferably 8.5 to 50.0 kJ / m 2 , and / or a Charpy notched impact strength of 2.5 kJ / m at -20°C 2 Up to 10.0 kJ / m 2 , preferably 3.5 to 7.5 kJ / m 2 .

6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has one or more, preferably all, of the following properties: - a low boiling organic matter (LBS) content, determined by screening the organic emissions by thermal desorption analysis, in the range of 5 to 100 μg / g, preferably 10 to 75 μg / g; - a high boiling organic matter (HBS) content in the range of 100 to 500 μg / g, preferably 200 to 450 μg / g, determined by screening the organic emissions by thermal desorption analysis; and - The aerosolized amount determined according to the gravimetric method DI 75201:2011-11, method B is in the range of 0.05 to 1.00 mg, preferably 0.15 to 0.75 mg.

7. A product comprising the composition of any one of claims 1 to 6 in an amount of 90 to 100 wt%.

8. The article according to claim 7, which is a molded article, preferably a molded automotive article.

9. The article according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the article has an MSE surface quality at 1.5 s of less than 25, preferably less than 23, and / or an MSE surface quality at 3 s of less than 15, preferably less than 13, and / or an MSE surface quality at 6 s of less than 15, preferably less than 13, wherein The MSE surface quality was determined on panels with dimensions of 440 × 148 × 2.8 mm, produced with different fill times of 1.5, 3 and 6 seconds, with a die VW K50 and a film gate of 1.4 mm, by illuminating the panels with a defined light source (LED) in a closed environment, recording the images with a CCD camera system, analyzing the images and calculating the MSE surface quality.

10. The article according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the MSE surface quality of the article at 1.5 s satisfies the following dimensionless inequality (I): MSE, 1.5s<0.00015·TM·Charpy NIS, 23℃+20 in, MSE, 1.5s is the MSE surface quality at 1.5s, measured on a plate with dimensions of 440×148×2.8 mm, manufactured with different filling times of 1.5 seconds, with a die VW K50 and a film gate of 1.4 mm, by illuminating the plate with a defined light source (LED) in a closed environment, recording the image with a CCD camera system, analyzing the image and calculating the MSE surface quality; TM is the tensile modulus, measured according to ISO 527-2, in [MPa -1 ];as well as Charpy NIS, 23℃ is Charpy notched impact strength, measured according to ISO 179 1eA at +23℃, unit is [m 2 / kJ].

11. The article according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the surface quality of the article at 3 s satisfies the following dimensionless inequality (II): MSE, 3s<-0,5·filler+15 in, MSE,3s is the MSE surface quality at 3s, measured on a plate with dimensions of 440×148×2.8 mm, manufactured with different fill times of 3 seconds, having a die VW K50 and a film gate of 1.4 mm, by illuminating the plate with a defined light source (LED) in a closed environment, recording the image with a CCD camera system, analyzing the image and calculating the MSE surface quality; and The filler is the content of the inorganic filler (E), and the unit is [1 / wt %].

12. The article according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the article has a scratch resistance at 10 N in the range of 0.00 to 1.00, preferably 0.10 to 0.

90.

13. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for injection-molded articles, preferably automotive articles, more preferably automotive interior articles.

Images