Ventilation method and device based on precise monitoring of environment in farm and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation method and device based on precise monitoring of the environment in a farm and a storage medium, relates to the technical field of analysis control, and constructs a three-dimensional pollution concentration field model by collecting data such as the pollution gas concentration, suspended particles, temperature and humidity, airflow velocity and the like of a manure ditch in real time and combining the spatial layout of a breeding house. On the basis of the model and ventilation constraints, a virtual ventilation strategy composed of multiple sets of air supply speeds, air directions and air opening degrees is automatically generated, simulation is conducted, disturbance scores are calculated, and the optimal strategy is selected to be applied to ventilation control. Environmental parameters are continuously monitored in the ventilation process, if it is detected that pollutants rise or temperature and humidity are abnormal, the strategy generation and screening process is automatically restarted, and dynamic closed-loop optimization adjustment of a ventilation scheme is achieved; dynamic ventilation control can be carried out according to the actual manure environment, the influence of gas backflow and pollution disturbance is reduced, and the influence on the farm environment is reduced; the influence on the growth health of livestock and poultry is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of analysis and control technology, and in particular to a method, device and storage medium for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the environment within a farm. Background Art

[0002] In modern livestock farms, environmental monitoring and ventilation control have become critical means of ensuring livestock health, growth performance, and profitability. Environmental monitoring ventilation involves deploying a variety of environmental sensors, such as those for temperature, humidity, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and wind speed, to collect real-time in-house environmental parameters. Combined with intelligent algorithms or control strategies, this method dynamically adjusts ventilation volume, direction, and rhythm, achieving precise control of temperature, humidity, and harmful gas concentrations. This approach has been gradually adopted in large and medium-sized farms, including breeding sheds and chicken coops, providing important technical support for reducing disease risks.

[0003] However, there are still a series of key issues that need to be addressed in the actual application process. Most current ventilation strategies focus on temperature and humidity control or ammonia concentration threshold response, ignoring the linkage between ventilation and manure in the breeding house, which can easily cause gas backflow and pollution disturbance. For example, when a negative pressure fan is used for strong ventilation, and the manure in the breeding house is not cleaned in time, it may aggravate the rise of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the manure area of ​​the breeding house into the breathing zone, causing the phenomenon of "it smells worse after ventilation"; at the same time, wind disturbances will also stir up dry dirt on the surface, releasing particulate pollution, resulting in a secondary deterioration of air quality, causing the ventilation in the breeding house after ventilation to be even worse than before ventilation, further aggravating the environmental problems in the breeding house, and even affecting the growth and health of livestock and poultry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a method, equipment and storage medium for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the environment in the farm.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the internal environment of a farm is first proposed, the method comprising: S1: Real-time data collection of polluted gas concentration and suspended particle data from the manure ditch is used to construct a three-dimensional concentration field model of the breeding house pollution based on the ambient temperature and humidity, air flow velocity, and spatial layout of the breeding house. S2: Based on the three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house and the preset constraints of the ventilation system, multiple virtual ventilation strategy schemes are automatically generated, wherein the ventilation strategy includes the air supply speed, air supply direction and air outlet opening; S3: Simulate all virtual ventilation strategies, calculate the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy based on the simulation results, select the initial ventilation strategy, and apply it to the ventilation control of the breeding house; S4: During the ventilation control process, the ventilation data of the breeding house is monitored in real time. If an abnormality is detected, S1 to S3 are automatically triggered to regenerate and select the ventilation strategy to achieve dynamic closed-loop adjustment.

[0006] Optionally, based on the current three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house, preset constraints of the ventilation system are set, and the steps of automatically generating multiple virtual ventilation strategy solutions are as follows: The three-dimensional concentration field model of the pollution in the breeding house is divided into several grid areas. The pollutant concentration in each grid area is compared with the preset pollutant concentration threshold. If the pollutant concentration is not less than the preset pollutant concentration threshold, the corresponding area is marked as a restricted area. Performing buffer zone expansion processing on adjacent grid cells at the edge of the restricted area to form a restricted area and its buffer zone; the buffer zone expansion processing is performed by marking adjacent cells of the grid cells at the edge of the restricted area at a preset distance; According to the pollutant concentration in the restricted area and the buffer zone, a maximum allowable wind speed threshold is set in the restricted area; Determine the spatial distribution direction of the restricted area and set the air supply direction of the ventilation system to avoid the direction range where the restricted area is located; the direction range where the air supply direction avoids the restricted area includes the direction of the straight line connecting the center of the restricted area to the air supply outlet of the breeding house, and set a certain safety angle range; According to the maximum allowable wind speed threshold, combined with the physical relationship between the air supply wind speed and the air outlet opening, the maximum air outlet opening in the restricted area is set.

[0007] Optionally, the steps of applying simulation to all virtual ventilation strategies and calculating the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy based on the simulation results are as follows: All virtual ventilation strategies were simulated and applied to extract the gas backflow index, particle disturbance index and pollutant diffusion index from the simulated three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house. The gas backflow index, particle disturbance index and pollutant diffusion index were normalized and mapped to the range of 0-1. The normalized gas backflow index, particle disturbance index and pollutant diffusion index were weighted and summed to obtain the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy.

[0008] Optionally, the calculation steps of the gas backflow index are: All virtual ventilation strategies were simulated and the concentration field data of pollutants in spatial and temporal dimensions were extracted from the three-dimensional concentration field model of the simulated breeding house pollution. Obtain the pollution source area and respiratory sensitive area in the breeding house, wherein the pollution source area is the area where pollutant release is concentrated, and the respiratory sensitive area is the area where animal respiratory activities are mainly concentrated; During a preset time period, the average concentration of pollutants in the pollution source area and the average concentration of pollutants in the respiratory sensitive area are extracted respectively; Calculate the pollution backflow ratio of the breeding house at each time by dividing the average pollutant concentration in the respiratory sensitive area by the average pollutant concentration in the pollution source area at each time, and use the ratio as the pollution backflow ratio of the breeding house at the corresponding time; Subtract the pollution backflow ratio at the previous moment from the pollution backflow ratio at the next moment, and divide the difference by the pollution backflow ratio at the previous moment to obtain the pollution backflow ratio backflow rise ratio; The gas backflow index is obtained by adding up all the pollution backflow ratio increase ratios.

[0009] Optionally, the step of calculating the particle disturbance index is: Obtain a dataset of the time-varying concentration of suspended particles in a specific particle size range in the three-dimensional concentration field after applying the ventilation strategy; Divide the entire breeding house space into multiple small grid units; For each grid cell, the variance of the particle concentration change is calculated within a preset time period; The average value of the variance of particle concentration changes in all grid cells in the entire space is calculated as the particle disturbance index.

[0010] Optionally, the steps for calculating the pollutant diffusion index are: Apply simulation to all virtual ventilation strategies and extract spatial boundary points where the pollutant concentration is not less than the threshold at all times from the simulated three-dimensional concentration field model of the breeding house to form a pollution boundary path set; Track the movement trajectory of each pollution boundary path during the entire simulation time period and record all spatial position point sequences at the initial and final moments; The number of branches (out-degree ≥ 2) that appear on each pollution boundary path during the pollution diffusion process is counted as the number of path bifurcations, which represents the topological complexity of the path. Calculate the Euclidean distance of each point on each pollution boundary path from the initial moment to the final moment, and calculate the average value as the average offset distance; this represents the spatial migration intensity of pollution diffusion; The pollutant diffusion index is calculated based on the number of path bifurcations and the average offset distance of each pollution boundary path. The calculation formula is: , where is the pollutant diffusion index, and They are the first The number of path bifurcations and average offset distance of the pollution boundary paths, is the total number of contaminated boundary paths in the contaminated boundary path set.

[0011] Optionally, the steps for selecting an initial ventilation strategy and applying it to ventilation control in a breeding house are: The disturbance score of each ventilation strategy is compared with the preset disturbance score threshold. If the disturbance score is less than the preset disturbance score threshold, the ventilation strategy is recorded as an available ventilation strategy, and the ventilation strategy with the minimum disturbance score is used as the initial ventilation strategy and applied to the ventilation control of the breeding house. If the disturbance scores of all ventilation strategies are not less than the preset disturbance score threshold, the ventilation strategy will be recorded as an unusable ventilation strategy, and random disturbance will be performed again to generate several ventilation strategies until an available ventilation strategy is screened out. The ventilation strategy with the minimum disturbance score will be used as the initial ventilation strategy and applied to the ventilation control of the breeding house.

[0012] In a second aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus; Memory for storing computer programs; The processor is configured to implement any of the above-described method steps when executing a program stored in the memory.

[0013] In a third aspect of the implementation of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is proposed, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement any of the method steps described above.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention proposes a ventilation method, equipment and storage medium based on the precise monitoring of the environment within the farm. By collecting data such as the concentration of polluted gases in the manure ditch, suspended particles, temperature and humidity, and air flow velocity in real time, a three-dimensional pollution concentration field model is constructed in combination with the spatial layout of the breeding house. Based on the model and ventilation system constraints, a virtual ventilation strategy consisting of multiple groups of air supply speeds, wind directions and air outlet openings is automatically generated, and simulations are performed and disturbance scores are calculated, and the optimal strategy is selected for ventilation control. Environmental parameters are continuously monitored during the ventilation process. If an increase in pollutants or abnormal temperature and humidity is detected, the system will automatically restart the strategy generation and screening process to achieve dynamic closed-loop optimization and adjustment of the ventilation scheme; it can dynamically control ventilation according to the actual manure environment, reduce the impact of gas backflow and pollution disturbances, reduce the impact on the farm environment, and reduce the impact on the growth and health of livestock and poultry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the ventilation method based on accurate monitoring of the farm environment; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The embodiment of the present invention provides a ventilation method based on accurate monitoring of the environment in the farm. Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for accurately monitoring ventilation in a farm environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps: S1: Real-time data collection of polluted gas concentration and suspended particle data from the manure ditch is used to construct a three-dimensional concentration field model of the breeding house pollution based on the ambient temperature and humidity, air flow velocity, and spatial layout of the breeding house. S2: Based on the three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house and the preset constraints of the ventilation system, multiple virtual ventilation strategy plans are automatically generated. The ventilation strategy includes the air supply speed, air supply direction and air outlet opening; S3: Simulate all virtual ventilation strategies, calculate the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy based on the simulation results, select the initial ventilation strategy, and apply it to the ventilation control of the breeding house; S4: During the ventilation control process, the ventilation data of the breeding house is monitored in real time. If an abnormality is detected, S1 to S3 are automatically triggered to regenerate and select the ventilation strategy to achieve dynamic closed-loop adjustment.

[0019] Based on the precise ventilation monitoring method based on the internal environment of the farm provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned method can dynamically control the ventilation according to the actual manure environment, reduce the impact of gas backflow and pollution disturbance, reduce the impact on the farm environment, and reduce the impact on the growth and health of livestock and poultry.

[0020] In one embodiment, S1: real-time data on polluted gas concentration and suspended particles in the manure ditch are collected, and a three-dimensional concentration field model of the pollution in the breeding house is constructed based on the ambient temperature, humidity, and airflow velocity; In one implementation method, multiple gas sensor nodes are deployed in the breeding house at different heights and areas, focusing on the top of the manure ditch, the animal activity area, and near the air inlet and outlet, respectively, to collect information on the concentration of harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Laser particle sensors are simultaneously deployed to monitor the concentration of suspended particulate matter in the air, such as PM2.5 and PM10. Temperature and humidity sensors and micro air flow velocity sensors are also installed to collect real-time microenvironmental parameters. All sensor data are aggregated to the edge computing unit through a wireless network for preliminary cleaning and time synchronization processing. Then, spatial interpolation algorithms, such as three-dimensional kriging interpolation or IDW inverse distance weighted method, are used to construct the distribution point cloud data of multiple pollutants in the breeding house space. Hierarchical grid division methods based on spatial partitioning, such as octree or sparse voxel grid, are used to organize the point cloud, integrate the distribution data of different pollutants and environmental factors, and finally generate a three-dimensional pollution concentration field model with concentration weight labels. During this process, a spatial feature extraction model based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) can be introduced to identify and correct localized clustering features of pollution distribution, improving the model's accuracy in unusually shaped piggeries or those with complex airflow. The resulting three-dimensional pollution field not only visualizes the distribution of pollution within the piggery but also provides the data foundation and simulation boundary conditions for subsequent ventilation simulations and strategy generation.

[0021] In one embodiment, S2: Based on the three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house and the preset constraints of the ventilation system, multiple virtual ventilation strategy solutions are automatically generated, where the ventilation strategy includes air supply speed, air supply direction, and air outlet opening; In one implementation, the steps of setting preset constraints for the ventilation system based on the current three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house and automatically generating multiple virtual ventilation strategy solutions are as follows: The three-dimensional concentration field model of the pollution in the breeding house is divided into several grid areas. The pollutant concentration in each grid area is compared with the preset pollutant concentration threshold. If the pollutant concentration is not less than the preset pollutant concentration threshold, the corresponding area is marked as a restricted area. Performing buffer zone expansion processing on adjacent grid cells at the edge of the restricted area to form a restricted area and its buffer zone; the buffer zone expansion processing is performed by marking adjacent cells of the grid cells at the edge of the restricted area at a preset distance; The maximum permissible wind speed threshold within the restricted area is set based on the pollutant concentration in the restricted area and the buffer zone. The maximum permissible wind speed threshold is dynamically adjusted based on the pollutant concentration gradient within the restricted area. The higher the pollutant concentration, the lower the maximum permissible wind speed threshold. Determine the spatial distribution direction of the restricted area and set the ventilation system's air supply direction to avoid the direction range of the restricted area; the direction range of the air supply direction to avoid the restricted area includes the straight line connecting the center of the restricted area to the air supply outlet of the breeding house, and set a certain safety angle range; According to the maximum allowable wind speed threshold, combined with the physical relationship between the air supply speed and the air outlet opening, the maximum air outlet opening in the restricted area is set; the maximum air outlet opening is calculated through the corresponding relationship curve between the wind speed threshold and the air outlet opening; the commonly used corresponding relationship curve expression is: ; is the air outlet opening, It is the proportional coefficient, which indicates how much the air outlet opening increases when the wind speed increases by 1 unit; It is the reference air vent opening, usually 0 or the minimum opening, to ensure the ventilation system operates at the lowest possible level.

[0022] Based on the constraints of air supply speed, air supply direction and air outlet opening, several ventilation strategies are randomly generated and applied to all virtual ventilation strategies for simulation. The gas backflow risk information, particle disturbance information, pollutant diffusion information and ambient temperature disturbance information in the three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house are extracted. The disturbance score of each ventilation strategy is calculated, and the initial ventilation strategy is selected and applied to the ventilation control of the breeding house.

[0023] Specifically, in one embodiment, S3: performing application simulation on all virtual ventilation strategies, and calculating the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy based on the simulation results, selecting an initial ventilation strategy; and applying the strategy to ventilation control in the breeding house; In one implementation, all virtual ventilation strategies are simulated, and based on the simulation results, the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy is calculated as follows: All virtual ventilation strategies were simulated and the gas backflow index, particle disturbance index, and pollutant diffusion index in the simulated three-dimensional concentration field model of the breeding house were extracted. The gas backflow index, particle disturbance index, and pollutant diffusion index were normalized and mapped to the range of 0-1. The normalized gas backflow index, particle disturbance index, and pollutant diffusion index were weighted and summed to obtain the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy. The calculation formula for the disturbance score of the ventilation strategy is: , where Score the disturbance of the ventilation strategy, They are the normalized gas backflow index, particle disturbance index, and pollutant diffusion index, respectively.

[0024] In one embodiment, the calculation steps of the gas backflow index are: All virtual ventilation strategies are simulated and the spatial location of pollutants is extracted from the three-dimensional concentration field model of the simulated breeding house pollution. concentration field data in the time dimension concentration field data in the time dimension obtain a pollution source area and a breathing sensitive area in the breeding house, the pollution source area being a concentrated area of pollution release, and the breathing sensitive area being a main area of animal breathing activity; extract the average concentration of pollutants in the pollution source area and the average concentration of pollutants in the breathing sensitive area in a preset time period; calculate the pollution backflow ratio of the breeding house at each time, by dividing the average concentration of pollutants in the breathing sensitive area at each time by the average concentration of pollutants in the pollution source area, and taking the ratio as the pollution backflow ratio of the breeding house at the corresponding time; subtract the pollution backflow ratio at the previous time from the pollution backflow ratio at the next time, and divide the difference by the pollution backflow ratio at the previous time to obtain the pollution backflow ratio rise rate; add all the pollution backflow ratio rise rates to obtain the gas backflow index.

[0025] It should be noted that the gas backflow index is a quantitative index for measuring the degree of reverse diffusion of pollutants from the pollution source area to the animal breathing sensitive area during the ventilation process in the breeding house. Based on the dynamic change of the pollution backflow ratio over time, by analyzing the change trend of the concentration of pollutants in the breathing sensitive area relative to the concentration of pollutants in the pollution source area, especially the rising rate, it is determined whether the pollutants exist in the phenomenon of "backflow" or diffusion intensification to the animal activity area. The rise of the pollution backflow ratio means that the pollutants are gradually spreading from the source to the animal area. If there is a significant backflow rise rate at multiple times, it means that the ventilation strategy cannot effectively control the diffusion of pollutants to the main animal activity area in actual operation, and even the unreasonable air flow organization may cause the reverse flow of pollutants and increase the degree of air pollution in the space where the animals are located. Therefore, the larger the gas backflow index, the more serious the pollution backflow phenomenon caused by the ventilation strategy, and the worse the isolation and purification ability of the ventilation system. From the perspectives of animal health protection and ventilation efficiency, the disturbance of the strategy is strong, and there is high potential risk. Therefore, in the process of comparing and screening multiple virtual ventilation strategies, the larger the gas backflow index, the less likely it is to be selected as the actual ventilation scheme, which reflects the comprehensive consideration of animal welfare and air quality control ability.

[0026] In one embodiment, the calculation steps of the particle disturbance index are: obtain the data set of the change of the concentration of suspended particles of a specific particle size segment over time in the three-dimensional concentration field after applying the ventilation strategy; divide the entire breeding house space into multiple small grid units; for each grid unit, calculate the variance of the change of the particle concentration in a preset time period; Calculate the average value of the variance of particle concentration changes in all grid cells in the entire space as the particle disturbance intensity and calculate the particle disturbance index; the calculation formula is: , where is the particle disturbance index, For the The concentration of particles of a certain size in a grid cell at time The value of represents the variance of the concentration within the grid cell over the entire simulation time period; Indicates the total number of grid cells.

[0027] It should be noted that the concentration of suspended particles in a specific particle size segment can be obtained by modeling the particle size distribution of particulate matter in the three-dimensional pollution concentration field during the simulation process. Usually, when constructing a pollution simulation model for aquaculture houses, the particle size distribution characteristics of the source phase of the particulate matter are set, and the transport behavior of particles in each particle size segment in space and time is tracked in combination with flow field simulation. By setting the particle size screening conditions, the particle concentration values ​​within the target particle size range can be extracted from the entire three-dimensional pollution data set to form a concentration change data set for this particle size segment, which serves as the input data for the particle disturbance index; The particle disturbance index (PDI) refers to the overall intensity of fluctuations in suspended particulate matter concentration over time within a breeding house under a specific ventilation strategy. It measures the degree to which the ventilation strategy interferes with the stability of particle distribution. A higher PDI indicates greater fluctuations in suspended particle concentration within each spatial unit within the house, indicating significant airflow disturbances during ventilation. This may cause previously settled or confined particles to be re-lifted, dispersed, or even migrate into the animal's breathing zone, increasing overall exposure to airborne particulate matter and impacting animal health and environmental stability within the house. In contrast, a lower PDI indicates a smoother ventilation process, relatively orderly movement of airborne particles, and better concentration stability. Therefore, when evaluating virtual ventilation strategies, strategies with higher PDIs are more likely to result in particle resuspension and disordered distribution in practice, hindering the creation of a clean, stable breeding environment, and are therefore considered lower priority.

[0028] In one embodiment, the steps for calculating the pollutant diffusion index are: Apply simulation to all virtual ventilation strategies and extract spatial boundary points where the pollutant concentration is not less than the threshold at all times from the simulated three-dimensional concentration field model of the breeding house to form a pollution boundary path set; Track the movement trajectory of each pollution boundary path during the entire simulation time period and record all spatial position point sequences at the initial and final moments; The number of branches (out-degree ≥ 2) that appear on each pollution boundary path during the pollution diffusion process is counted as the number of path bifurcations, which represents the topological complexity of the path. Calculate the Euclidean distance of each point on each pollution boundary path from the initial moment to the final moment, and calculate the average value as the average offset distance; this represents the spatial migration intensity of pollution diffusion; The pollutant diffusion index is calculated based on the number of path bifurcations and the average offset distance of each pollution boundary path. The calculation formula is: , where is the pollutant diffusion index, and They are the first The number of path bifurcations and average offset distance of the pollution boundary paths, is the total number of contaminated boundary paths in the contaminated boundary path set.

[0029] It should be noted that the formation of the pollution boundary path set is based on the dynamic extraction and analysis of the three-dimensional concentration field model of the simulated breeding house pollution. First, during the entire simulation time period, the three-dimensional concentration field of each time frame is traversed according to the set concentration threshold, and all spatial points that meet the pollutant concentration not less than the threshold are screened out; then, a boundary extraction algorithm is used in three-dimensional space, such as the isosurface extraction method or the Marching Cubes algorithm, to identify the connectivity between these points and obtain the boundary surface contour where the pollutant concentration reaches the threshold in each frame; then, using the space-time correspondence relationship, the boundary points with spatial continuity and concentration similarity in adjacent time frames are paired and tracked, gradually connected into a time series structure, and finally formed into a complete pollution boundary path trajectory. The set of path trajectories extracted from multiple time frames constitutes the pollution boundary path set, which is used to calculate the number of subsequent diffusion path bifurcations and offset distances.

[0030] The Pollutant Diffusion Index (PDI) is a comprehensive indicator used to measure the complexity and spatial migration intensity of pollutants as they diffuse outward from a livestock facility over time. This index reflects the extent and uncertainty of a pollutant's spatial spread by analyzing the degree of topological bifurcation of the pollution boundary over time (i.e., whether the path branches during diffusion) and the average offset distance of the diffusion path. A higher PDI indicates more path bifurcation and more significant spatial displacement during the diffusion of pollutants within the facility. This indicates that pollutants are not being effectively directed out, but rather are migrating aimlessly across different spaces or even flowing back. This diffusion pattern is often difficult to control, exacerbating the accumulation of pollution within animal activity areas and increasing respiratory exposure risk. Therefore, a higher PDI for a ventilation strategy indicates that the strategy is less conducive to the centralized emission and rapid dissipation of pollutants, with poorer ventilation efficiency and diversion capacity, making it less likely to be selected in a multi-strategy evaluation.

[0031] In one embodiment, the steps of selecting an initial ventilation strategy and applying it to ventilation control in a breeding house are as follows: The disturbance score of each ventilation strategy is compared with the preset disturbance score threshold. If the disturbance score is less than the preset disturbance score threshold, the ventilation strategy is recorded as an available ventilation strategy, and the ventilation strategy with the minimum disturbance score is used as the initial ventilation strategy and applied to the ventilation control of the breeding house. If the disturbance scores of all ventilation strategies are not less than the preset disturbance score threshold, the ventilation strategy will be recorded as an unusable ventilation strategy, and random disturbance will be performed again to generate several ventilation strategies until an available ventilation strategy is screened out. The ventilation strategy with the minimum disturbance score will be used as the initial ventilation strategy and applied to the ventilation control of the breeding house.

[0032] It should be noted that the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy is compared with a preset disturbance score threshold, and strategies with disturbance scores below the threshold are screened out as "available ventilation strategies." Among all available ventilation strategies, the one with the lowest disturbance score is selected as the initial ventilation strategy, and its parameter configuration is applied to the ventilation control system of the actual breeding house to ensure environmental regulation with minimal interference. If, during the initial strategy screening process, the disturbance scores of all ventilation strategies are found to be no less than the preset threshold, the current strategy is considered unavailable. At this time, the system will restart the strategy disturbance generation process, introducing new air volume, wind speed, wind direction, or ventilation time adjustment parameters to generate several new ventilation strategies. The disturbance scores are calculated and screened again until at least one available strategy with a disturbance score below the threshold is successfully screened out. Finally, the one with the lowest disturbance score is selected as the initial ventilation strategy and applied. This process ensures that the selected ventilation strategy is involved in actual control under conditions of minimal disturbance and the most stable environment, improving livestock and poultry comfort and ventilation efficiency.

[0033] In one embodiment, S4: During the ventilation control process, the ventilation data of the breeding house is monitored in real time. If an abnormality is detected, S1-S3 are automatically triggered to regenerate and select the ventilation strategy. The steps for achieving dynamic closed-loop regulation are: Real-time monitoring of ventilation data in the breeding house, including gas pollutant concentration, temperature and humidity; If there is ventilation anomaly, i.e., pollutant concentration increases, or temperature and humidity are outside the preset range, the strategy reconstruction mechanism consisting of steps S1 to S3 will be automatically triggered to regenerate and select the ventilation strategy to achieve dynamic closed-loop regulation: It should be noted that during the ventilation control process, the system continuously monitors ventilation data inside the breeding house in real time, including key parameters such as the concentration of pollutants such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, the concentration of suspended particulate matter, and ambient temperature and humidity. If the system detects an abnormally high trend in the concentration of any pollutant within a short period of time, or if the temperature and humidity data deviate from the preset comfort range, such as when the temperature is too high or the humidity is too low, it determines that the current ventilation state no longer meets the breeding environment control requirements, indicating that the ventilation strategy has failed or its adaptability has decreased. At this point, the system will automatically initiate the ventilation strategy reconstruction mechanism consisting of steps S1 to S3: maintaining a dynamic adjustment mechanism at all times to control the ventilation of the breeding house.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a processor 301, a communication interface 302, a memory 303 and a communication bus 304, wherein the processor 301, the communication interface 302, and the memory 303 communicate with each other through the communication bus 304. Memory 303, for storing computer programs; The processor 301 is configured to execute the program stored in the memory 303, and implement the following steps: S1: Real-time data collection of polluted gas concentration and suspended particle data from the manure ditch is used to construct a three-dimensional concentration field model of the breeding house pollution based on the ambient temperature and humidity, air flow velocity, and spatial layout of the breeding house. S2: Based on the three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house and the preset constraints of the ventilation system, multiple virtual ventilation strategy plans are automatically generated. The ventilation strategy includes the air supply speed, air supply direction and air outlet opening; S3: Simulate all virtual ventilation strategies, calculate the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy based on the simulation results, select the initial ventilation strategy, and apply it to the ventilation control of the breeding house; S4: During the ventilation control process, the ventilation data of the breeding house is monitored in real time. If an abnormality is detected, S1 to S3 are automatically triggered to regenerate and select the ventilation strategy to achieve dynamic closed-loop adjustment.

[0035] The communication bus mentioned in the electronic devices mentioned above can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. This communication bus can be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used in the figure, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0036] The communication interface is used for communication between the above electronic device and other devices.

[0037] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage. Alternatively, the memory may be at least one storage device located away from the processor.

[0038] The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, and discrete hardware components.

[0039] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, in which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the environment in the farm are implemented.

[0040] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the environment in a farm, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Real-time data collection of polluted gas concentration and suspended particle data from the manure ditch is used to construct a three-dimensional concentration field model of the breeding house pollution based on the ambient temperature and humidity, air flow velocity, and spatial layout of the breeding house. S2: Based on the three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house and the preset constraints of the ventilation system, multiple virtual ventilation strategy schemes are automatically generated, wherein the ventilation strategy includes the air supply speed, air supply direction and air outlet opening; S3: Simulate all virtual ventilation strategies, calculate the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy based on the simulation results, select the initial ventilation strategy, and apply it to the ventilation control of the breeding house; S4: During the ventilation control process, the ventilation data of the breeding house is monitored in real time. If an abnormality is detected, S1 to S3 are automatically triggered to regenerate and select the ventilation strategy to achieve dynamic closed-loop adjustment.

2. The method for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the farm environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Based on the current three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house, the preset constraints of the ventilation system are set, and the steps for automatically generating multiple virtual ventilation strategy solutions are as follows: The three-dimensional concentration field model of the pollution in the breeding house is divided into several grid areas. The pollutant concentration in each grid area is compared with the preset pollutant concentration threshold. If the pollutant concentration is not less than the preset pollutant concentration threshold, the corresponding area is marked as a restricted area. Performing buffer zone expansion processing on adjacent grid cells at the edge of the restricted area to form a restricted area and its buffer zone; the buffer zone expansion processing is performed by marking adjacent cells of the grid cells at the edge of the restricted area at a preset distance; According to the pollutant concentration in the restricted area and the buffer zone, a maximum allowable wind speed threshold is set in the restricted area; Determine the spatial distribution direction of the restricted area and set the air supply direction of the ventilation system to avoid the direction range where the restricted area is located; the direction range where the air supply direction avoids the restricted area includes the direction of the straight line connecting the center of the restricted area to the air supply outlet of the breeding house, and set a certain safety angle range; According to the maximum allowable wind speed threshold, combined with the physical relationship between the air supply wind speed and the air outlet opening, the maximum air outlet opening in the restricted area is set.

3. The method for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the farm environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for applying simulation to all virtual ventilation strategies and calculating the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy based on the simulation results are as follows: All virtual ventilation strategies were simulated and applied to extract the gas backflow index, particle disturbance index and pollutant diffusion index from the simulated three-dimensional pollution concentration field model of the breeding house. The gas backflow index, particle disturbance index and pollutant diffusion index were normalized and mapped to the range of 0-1. The normalized gas backflow index, particle disturbance index and pollutant diffusion index were weighted and summed to obtain the disturbance score of each ventilation strategy.

4. The method for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the farm environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation steps of the gas backflow index are: All virtual ventilation strategies were simulated and applied, and the concentration field data of pollutants in spatial position and time dimensions were extracted from the three-dimensional concentration field model of the simulated breeding house pollution. Obtain the pollution source area and respiratory sensitive area in the breeding house, wherein the pollution source area is the area where pollutant release is concentrated, and the respiratory sensitive area is the area where animal respiratory activity is mainly concentrated; During a preset time period, the average concentration of pollutants in the pollution source area and the average concentration of pollutants in the respiratory sensitive area are extracted respectively; Calculate the pollution backflow ratio of the breeding house at each time by dividing the average pollutant concentration in the respiratory sensitive area by the average pollutant concentration in the pollution source area at each time, and use the ratio as the pollution backflow ratio of the breeding house at the corresponding time; Subtract the pollution backflow ratio at the previous moment from the pollution backflow ratio at the next moment, and divide the difference by the pollution backflow ratio at the previous moment to obtain the pollution backflow ratio backflow rise ratio; The gas backflow index is obtained by adding up all the pollution backflow ratio increase ratios.

5. The method for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the farm environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation steps of the particle disturbance index are: Obtain a dataset of the time-varying concentration of suspended particles in a specific particle size range in the three-dimensional concentration field after applying the ventilation strategy; Divide the entire breeding house space into multiple small grid units; For each grid cell, the variance of the particle concentration change is calculated within a preset time period; The average value of the variance of particle concentration changes in all grid cells in the entire space is calculated as the particle disturbance index.

6. The method for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the farm environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation steps of the pollutant diffusion index are as follows: Apply simulation to all virtual ventilation strategies and extract spatial boundary points where the pollutant concentration is not less than the threshold at all times from the simulated three-dimensional concentration field model of the breeding house to form a pollution boundary path set; Track the movement trajectory of each pollution boundary path during the entire simulation time period and record all spatial position point sequences at the initial and final moments; The number of branches that appear on each pollution boundary path during the pollution diffusion process is counted as the path bifurcation number, which represents the topological complexity of the path. Calculate the Euclidean distance of each point on each pollution boundary path from the initial moment to the final moment, and calculate the average value as the average offset distance; this represents the spatial migration intensity of pollution diffusion; The pollutant diffusion index is calculated based on the number of path bifurcations and the average offset distance of each pollution boundary path. The calculation formula is: , where is the pollutant diffusion index, and They are the first The number of path bifurcations and average offset distance of the pollution boundary paths, is the total number of contaminated boundary paths in the contaminated boundary path set.

7. The method for accurately monitoring ventilation based on the farm environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps to select an initial ventilation strategy and apply it to ventilation control in a breeding house are: The disturbance score of each ventilation strategy is compared with the preset disturbance score threshold. If the disturbance score is less than the preset disturbance score threshold, the ventilation strategy is recorded as an available ventilation strategy, and the ventilation strategy with the minimum disturbance score is used as the initial ventilation strategy and applied to the ventilation control of the breeding house. If the disturbance scores of all ventilation strategies are not less than the preset disturbance score threshold, the ventilation strategy will be recorded as an unusable ventilation strategy, and random disturbance will be performed again to generate several ventilation strategies until an available ventilation strategy is screened out. The ventilation strategy with the minimum disturbance score will be used as the initial ventilation strategy and applied to the ventilation control of the breeding house.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus; Memory for storing computer programs; A processor, configured to implement the method steps described in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing a program stored in a memory.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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