Smart integrated lenses, smart integrated lens manufacturing methods, and smart glasses

Abstract

This application provides a smart integrated lens, a method for manufacturing the smart integrated lens, and smart glasses, belonging to the field of smart glasses technology. The optical waveguide substrate includes a grating region and an antenna region spaced apart. A grating structure is disposed in the grating region, coupling, deflecting, and coupling out light rays incident on the optical waveguide substrate. A transparent antenna is disposed in the antenna region for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. The transparent antenna is disposed in the antenna region of the optical waveguide substrate, spaced apart from the grating structure, and does not interfere with each other. This integration of the transparent antenna, the optical waveguide substrate, and the grating structure achieves the integration of the transparent antenna, the optical waveguide substrate, and the grating structure. The optical waveguide substrate not only serves as the substrate for optical waveguide transmission but also provides physical support and protection for the transparent antenna and the grating structure. This eliminates the need for front and rear protective films in the integrated smart lens, reducing its weight and solving the problem of excessive weight in traditional lenses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of smart glasses technology, and particularly relates to a smart integrated lens, a method for manufacturing a smart integrated lens, and smart glasses. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of Augmented Reality Glasses (AR) and Virtual Reality Glasses (VR), intelligence and lightweight design have become the main development trends for AR and VR glasses, and are gradually penetrating into multiple different fields. AR and VR glasses should be lightweight and comfortable to wear to meet the needs of users for extended periods of use.

[0003] However, traditional eyeglasses lenses are limited by antenna design and waveguide design, resulting in a heavy weight that cannot meet users' demand for lightweight lenses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a smart integrated lens, a method for manufacturing a smart integrated lens, and smart glasses, which aims to solve the problem of the excessive weight of traditional lenses.

[0005] This application provides a smart integrated lens, comprising:

[0006] The optical waveguide substrate includes a grating region and an antenna region spaced apart.

[0007] A grating structure is disposed in the grating region for coupling, deflecting and coupling out light rays incident on the optical waveguide substrate;

[0008] A transparent antenna, disposed in the antenna area, is used to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0009] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide substrate includes:

[0010] First base structure;

[0011] The second base structure is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the first base structure;

[0012] An annular connecting structure is disposed between the first base structure and the second base structure, and the annular connecting structure, the first base structure and the second base structure surround each other to form an air layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, the grating structure includes:

[0014] A first uniform grating is disposed on the first substrate structure;

[0015] A first gradient grating is disposed on the first substrate structure at a distance from the first uniform grating;

[0016] The first uniform grating and the first gradient grating are positioned close to the air layer.

[0017] In some embodiments, the grating structure further includes:

[0018] A second uniform grating is disposed on the second substrate structure, and the second uniform grating is offset from the first uniform grating;

[0019] A second gradient grating is disposed on the second substrate structure at a distance from the second uniform grating;

[0020] The second uniform grating and the second gradient grating are positioned away from the air layer.

[0021] In some embodiments, the transparent antenna includes:

[0022] Multiple first metal structures are disposed in the antenna region of the first substrate structure, and the multiple first metal structures are disposed close to the air layer;

[0023] Multiple of the first metal structures are connected and surround each other to form an irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid for transmitting and receiving wireless signals.

[0024] In some embodiments, the transparent antenna further includes:

[0025] Multiple second metal structures are disposed on the same surface of the first base structure as multiple first metal structures.

[0026] At least a portion of the second metal structures are connected to surround and form an irregularly arranged broken metal grid, the polygonal metal grid being disposed within the area surrounded by the broken metal grid;

[0027] The density of the broken metal mesh decreases along the direction in which the polygonal metal mesh extends toward the edge of the lens.

[0028] This application provides a method for manufacturing a smart integrated lens, including:

[0029] A grating structure and an antenna groove are fabricated at intervals on an optical waveguide substrate;

[0030] A transparent antenna is fabricated within the antenna groove;

[0031] The grating structure is used to couple, deflect, and couple out light rays incident on the optical waveguide substrate, and the transparent antenna is used to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0032] In some embodiments, the step of fabricating a grating structure and an antenna groove spaced apart on an optical waveguide substrate includes:

[0033] Preparation of nanoimprint templates;

[0034] A UV-curable adhesive layer is spin-coated onto the surface of the first substrate structure of the optical waveguide substrate;

[0035] The ultraviolet-curable adhesive layer is imprinted and cured using the nanoimprint template to form the first uniform grating, the first gradient grating, and the antenna groove in the grating structure.

[0036] In some embodiments, the step of fabricating a transparent antenna within the antenna recess includes:

[0037] Nano-conductive material is coated inside the antenna groove and then sintered and cured to form a conductive layer.

[0038] A metal layer is formed by electroplating a metal material onto the surface of the conductive layer.

[0039] This application provides a smart glasses, including any of the smart integrated lenses described in the above embodiments.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0041] Optical waveguide substrates can efficiently and clearly transmit virtual images (such as text, 3D models, navigation information, etc.) to the user's eyes without obstructing their view, while allowing ambient light to pass through, achieving a natural integration of virtual information and real-world scenes. The optical waveguide substrate is divided into grating regions and antenna regions, which are spaced apart and do not interfere with each other. The grating structure is located within the grating region of the optical waveguide substrate. Based on optical principles such as reflection, diffraction, and refraction, it can couple, deflect, and couple incoming light rays, precisely controlling the light rays entering the optical waveguide substrate to ensure efficient and clear integration of virtual images with the real world.

[0042] A transparent antenna can be understood as an antenna with optical transparency, ensuring users have an unobstructed and clear field of vision while receiving and transmitting wireless signals. This supports the wireless communication, data transmission, and positioning functions of smart glasses. The transparent antenna is disposed within the antenna region of the optical waveguide substrate, spaced apart from the grating structure on the substrate. They do not interfere with each other and are jointly disposed on the optical waveguide substrate, achieving integration of the transparent antenna, optical waveguide substrate, and grating structure. Furthermore, the optical waveguide substrate not only serves as the substrate for light transmission but also provides physical support and protection for the transparent antenna and grating structure. This eliminates the need for front and rear protective films in the integrated smart lens, reducing its weight. Therefore, the smart integrated lens provided in this application solves the problem of excessive weight in traditional lenses, meeting users' demands for lightweight design. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or exemplary technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 Schematic diagrams illustrating the division of the grating region and antenna region of the smart integrated lens in some embodiments provided in this application;

[0045] Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional structures of the optical waveguide substrate, grating structure, and transparent antenna provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the division of the coupling-in region, the turning region, and the coupling-out region in some embodiments provided in this application;

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh in some embodiments provided in this application;

[0048] Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of irregularly arranged broken metal meshes and irregularly arranged polygonal metal meshes in some embodiments provided in this application;

[0049] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure in some embodiments provided in this application, showing a decreasing density trend of the fractured metal mesh;

[0050] Figure 7Schematic diagrams of the isolation region structure between the fractured metal mesh and the polygonal metal mesh in some embodiments provided in this application;

[0051] Figure 8 Schematic flowcharts of the smart integrated lens fabrication method provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 9 This application provides a schematic diagram of the process flow for the intelligent integrated lens fabrication method in some embodiments.

[0053] Figure 10 This application provides a schematic diagram of the fabrication process of nanoimprint templates in some of its embodiments.

[0054] Figure 11 The diagram shows the overall structure of the smart glasses in some embodiments provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0056] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0057] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0058] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Additionally, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items that have substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or order of execution, and that "first" and "second" do not necessarily imply difference.

[0059] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0060] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a smart integrated lens 100. The smart integrated lens 100 includes an optical waveguide substrate 10, a grating structure 20, and a transparent antenna 30. The optical waveguide substrate 10 includes a grating region 110 and an antenna region 120 spaced apart. The grating structure 20 is disposed in the grating region 110 and is used to couple, deflect, and couple out light rays incident on the optical waveguide substrate 10. The transparent antenna 30 is disposed in the antenna region 120 and is used to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0061] In this embodiment, the optical waveguide substrate 10 can efficiently and clearly transmit virtual images (such as text, 3D models, navigation information, etc.) to the user's eyes without obstructing the user's view, while allowing real ambient light to pass through, achieving a natural fusion of virtual information and real-world scenes. The optical waveguide substrate 10 is divided into a grating region 110 and an antenna region 120, which are spaced apart and do not interfere with each other. The grating structure 20 is disposed within the grating region 110 of the optical waveguide substrate 10. Based on optical principles such as reflection, diffraction, and refraction, it can couple, bend, and couple the incoming light, precisely controlling the light entering the optical waveguide substrate 10 to ensure that the virtual image is efficiently and clearly integrated with the real world.

[0062] The transparent antenna 30 can be understood as an antenna with optical transparency, which can receive and transmit wireless signals while ensuring that the user has an unobstructed and clear field of vision, thereby supporting the wireless communication, data transmission, and positioning functions of smart glasses. The transparent antenna 30 is disposed within the antenna region 120 of the optical waveguide substrate 10, and is spaced apart from the grating structure 20 on the optical waveguide substrate 10. They do not interfere with each other, and are jointly disposed on the optical waveguide substrate 10, realizing the integration of the transparent antenna 30, the optical waveguide substrate 10, and the grating structure 20. Furthermore, the optical waveguide substrate 10 not only serves as the substrate for optical waveguide to achieve light transmission, but also provides physical support and protection for the transparent antenna 30 and the grating structure 20, eliminating the need for a front and rear protective film in the integrated smart lens 100, thus reducing the weight of the integrated smart lens 100. Therefore, the smart integrated lens 100 provided in this application solves the problem of the excessive weight of traditional lenses, meeting the user's demand for lightweight design.

[0063] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the grating region 110 of the optical waveguide substrate 10 includes a coupling-in region 111, a turning region 112, and a coupling-out region 113. By using different types of gratings provided in the coupling-in region 111, the turning region 112, and the coupling-out region 113, light rays incident on the optical waveguide substrate 10 can be coupled in, turned, and coupled out respectively to realize the transmission of image light rays.

[0064] In some embodiments, the light incident on the optical waveguide substrate 10 is image light generated by an optical engine. The Red-Green-Blue Light Engine (RGB engine) is one of the core components of the smart glasses display system. The RGB engine can generate high-brightness, high-definition image light in red, green, and blue primary colors. The RGB engine includes a light source, a microdisplay (e.g., a micro-organic light-emitting diode panel or a silicon-based liquid crystal panel), and an optical module (e.g., a collimating lens, a dichroic prism). The light emitted from the light source, after passing through the micro-organic light-emitting diode panel or silicon-based liquid crystal panel and the dichroic prism or timing control, synthesizes the red, green, and blue primary colors into a full-color image, forming image light, which is then emitted into the coupling region 111 of the optical waveguide substrate 10, thus introducing the image light into the optical waveguide substrate 10.

[0065] The information transmission between the RGB optical engine, the optical waveguide substrate 10, the grating structure 20, and the user's eye involves the generation, transmission, and reception of light signals. The RGB optical engine generates light signals that carry virtual images. The optical waveguide substrate 10 and the grating structure 20 form an optical waveguide, responsible for efficiently transmitting light signals and projecting them to the user's eye, thereby combining them with real-world scene light signals to form a fusion of virtual and real visual information.

[0066] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide substrate 10 includes a first substrate structure 101, a second substrate structure 102, and an annular connecting structure 103. The second substrate structure 102 is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the first substrate structure 101. The annular connecting structure 103 is disposed between the first substrate structure 101 and the second substrate structure 102, and the annular connecting structure 103, the first substrate structure 101, and the second substrate structure 102 surround to form an air layer 40.

[0067] In this embodiment, the annular connecting structure 103 is disposed between the first substrate structure 101 and the second substrate structure 102, forming a space between them, thus creating an air layer 40. Furthermore, the air layer 40 is provided between the first substrate structure 101 and the second substrate structure 102. Therefore, at the interface between the first substrate structure 101 and the second substrate structure 102, light entering the optical waveguide substrate 10 can undergo total internal reflection, satisfying the requirement of total internal reflection during light transmission. Through the first substrate structure 101, the second substrate structure 102, and the annular connecting structure 103, a stable air layer 40 can be provided for the transmission of light in the optical waveguide.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first substrate structure 101 and the second substrate structure 102 may be made of tempered glass.

[0069] In some embodiments, the annular connecting structure 103 is disposed at the edge position of the first base structure 101 and the second base structure 102. By providing an annular connecting structure at the edge position of the first base structure 101 and the second base structure 102, the first base structure 101 and the second base structure 102 can be connected and surround to form a stable air layer 40.

[0070] In some embodiments, the annular connection structure 103 can be optically clear adhesive (OCA) or optically clear liquid adhesive (OCR). The annular connection structure 103 can connect the first substrate structure 101 and the second substrate structure 102 to form an optical waveguide substrate 10, which can realize the transmission of full-color image light.

[0071] In some embodiments, the grating structure 20 includes a first uniform grating 210 and a first gradient grating 220. The first uniform grating 210 is disposed on the first substrate structure 101. The first gradient grating 220 and the first uniform grating 210 are disposed at a distance from each other on the first substrate structure 101. The first uniform grating 210 and the first gradient grating 220 are disposed near the air layer 40.

[0072] In this embodiment, a first gradient grating 220 and a first uniform grating 210 are spaced apart on the first substrate structure 101. The first uniform grating 210 can be a surface relief grating or a volume holographic grating, etc. The grating period of the first uniform grating 210 (which can also be understood as the spacing of the micro-nano structures of the grating) remains constant. The first uniform grating 210 is disposed in the coupling region 111 of the grating region 110, which can couple the light entering the first substrate structure 101 into the waveguide and use diffraction conditions to control the direction of the light and turn it to the first gradient grating 220. The first uniform grating 210 can make the diffraction angle of the light fixed and the diffraction efficiency uniform in the coupling region 111, so that the diffraction law is stable and highly controllable. It can more accurately couple the light entering the first substrate structure 101 into the waveguide and transmit it to the first gradient grating 220 in the turning region 112 with a fixed diffraction angle.

[0073] The first gradient gradient grating 220 can be a gradient gradient grating, such as a stepped grating or a shell-type spiral gradient gradient grating. The first gradient gradient grating 220 serves as a transition grating within the transition region 112 of the grating region 110. The first gradient gradient grating 220 can be understood as a grating that changes continuously or stepwise along a specific direction. Located within the transition region 112 of the grating region 110, the first gradient gradient grating 220 allows for directional guidance and uniformity compensation of light by controlling the propagation path and energy distribution of light in the waveguide transition region, achieving more flexible light control. Thus, after the image light generated by the optomechanical system enters the first substrate structure 101, it passes through the first uniform grating 210 and the first gradient gradient grating 220, and then gradually diffracts out of the waveguide through the coupling region 113.

[0074] The first uniform grating 210 and the first gradient grating 220 are positioned close to the air layer 40, which allows the first substrate structure 101 to protect the first uniform grating 210 and the first gradient grating 220, thus avoiding the influence of the external environment on the first uniform grating 210 and the first gradient grating 220.

[0075] In some embodiments, the grating structure 20 further includes a second uniform grating 230 and a second gradient grating 240. The second uniform grating 230 is disposed on the second substrate structure 102, and the second uniform grating 230 is offset from the first uniform grating 210. The second gradient grating 240 and the second uniform grating 230 are disposed at a distance from each other on the second substrate structure 102. The second uniform grating 230 and the second gradient grating 240 are disposed away from the air layer 40.

[0076] In this embodiment, the second uniform grating 230 and the second gradient grating 240 are disposed alternately on the second substrate structure 102. The second uniform grating 230 and the first uniform grating 210 are respectively disposed on the second substrate structure 102 and the first substrate structure 101, which can achieve the staggered arrangement of the second uniform grating 230 and the first uniform grating 210, so that the image light generated by the RGB optical engine enters the second substrate structure 102 and the first substrate structure 101 respectively through the second uniform grating 230 and the first uniform grating 210, thereby realizing the transmission of light.

[0077] The second uniform grating 230 can be a surface relief grating or a volume holographic grating, etc. The grating period of the second uniform grating 230 (which can also be understood as the spacing of the micro-nano structures of the grating) remains constant. The second uniform grating 230 is disposed in the coupling region 111 of the grating region 110, which can couple the light entering the second substrate structure 102 into the waveguide, and use diffraction conditions to control the direction of the light and turn it to the second gradient grating 240. The second uniform grating 230 can make the diffraction angle of the light fixed and the diffraction efficiency uniform in the coupling region 111, so that the diffraction law is stable and highly controllable, and can more accurately couple the light entering the second substrate structure 102 into the waveguide, and transmit it to the second gradient grating 240 in the turning region 112 with a fixed diffraction angle.

[0078] The second gradient gradient grating 240 can be a gradient gradient grating, such as a stepped grating or a shell-type spiral gradient gradient grating. The second gradient gradient grating 240 serves as a transition grating within the transition region 112 of the grating region 110. The second gradient gradient grating 240 can be understood as a grating that changes continuously or stepwise along a specific direction. Located within the transition region 112 of the grating region 110, the second gradient gradient grating 240 allows for directional guidance and uniformity compensation of light by controlling the propagation path and energy distribution of light in the waveguide transition region, achieving more flexible light control. Thus, after the image light generated by the optomechanical system enters the second substrate structure 102, it passes through the second uniform grating 230 and the second gradient gradient grating 240, and then gradually diffracts out of the waveguide through the coupling region 113.

[0079] The second uniform grating 230 and the second gradient grating 240, positioned away from the air layer 40, can work in conjunction with the first uniform grating 210 and the first gradient grating 220, positioned close to the air layer 40, to couple all the light incident on the second substrate structure 102 and the first substrate structure 101 out of the first substrate structure 101. Furthermore, by adjusting the positions of the first uniform grating 210, the first gradient grating 220, the second uniform grating 230, and the second gradient grating 240, the image light generated by the RGB optical engine can pass through the optical waveguide and be coupled out of the first substrate structure 101 on the same side, entering the user's eyes, thus achieving a natural fusion of virtual information and the real-world scene.

[0080] In some embodiments, by adjusting the duty cycle and depth of the first uniform grating 210, the first gradient grating 220, the second uniform grating 230, and the second gradient grating 240, uniform exit pupil expansion can be achieved, ultimately allowing the light to enter the user's eye. By using different types of gratings—the first uniform grating 210, the first gradient grating 220, the second uniform grating 230, and the second gradient grating 240—in combination, seamless overlay of virtual content with the real world can be achieved, improving the performance of the intelligent integrated lens 100.

[0081] In some embodiments, the second gradient grating 240 is positioned opposite the first gradient grating 220.

[0082] In this embodiment, the second gradient grating 240 and the first gradient grating 220 are arranged opposite each other, which can make the light rays that are gradually diffracted out of the waveguide through the coupling region 113 more aligned and concentrated, and thus obtain a clearer and more accurate image.

[0083] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the transparent antenna 30 includes a plurality of first metal structures 310. The plurality of first metal structures 310 are disposed in the antenna region 120 of the first substrate structure 101, and are disposed close to the air layer 40, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, multiple first metal structures 310 are connected and surround each other to form an irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid for transmitting and receiving wireless signals.

[0084] In this embodiment, multiple first metal structures 310 are connected and surround each other to form an irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid for use as a transparent antenna. The multiple first metal structures 310 are disposed in the antenna region 120 of the first substrate structure 101, achieving a high degree of integration of the transparent antenna 30, the first uniform grating 210, the first gradient grating 220, and the first substrate structure 101. This eliminates the need for a front and rear protective sheet in the integrated smart lens 100, reducing its weight. Therefore, the smart integrated lens 100 provided in this application solves the problem of excessive weight in traditional lenses, meeting users' demands for lightweight design.

[0085] The first substrate structure 101 serves as the attachment substrate for multiple first metal structures 310, providing support for the multiple first metal structures 310 and making the transparent antenna 30 more stable and reliable. Furthermore, the first substrate structure 101 serves not only as the substrate for the optical waveguide but also as the substrate for the transparent antenna 30, enabling a high degree of integration of the transparent antenna 30, the first uniform grating 210, the first gradient grating 220, and the first substrate structure 101, thereby reducing the weight of the smart integrated lens 100.

[0086] Multiple first metal structures 310 are connected and enclose each other to form an irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh, forming the core structure of the transparent antenna 30. This irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh can be understood as a mesh structure formed by multiple polygonal metal lattices arranged irregularly. The irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh can efficiently conduct and radiate electromagnetic waves, thereby enabling the transmission of wireless signals by converting electrical signals into electromagnetic waves for transmission. Simultaneously, the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh formed by the multiple first metal structures 310 can also enable the reception of wireless signals by converting electromagnetic waves into electrical signals. Therefore, through the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh formed by the multiple first metal structures 310, wireless signals can be transmitted and received, realizing the function of the transparent antenna 30.

[0087] Furthermore, the irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid formed by the interconnection of multiple first metal structures 310 is randomly and irregularly positioned. Consequently, when light waves pass through the irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid, the phase difference of the secondary wave sources generated at each polygonal metal grid is random, without a consistent superposition direction. When light waves pass through the irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid, interference can cancel each other out in all directions, achieving averaging of the interference effect and destroying the coherent interference generated by the periodic metal grid being equivalent to a grating. Since diffraction is often accompanied by interference, the two together constitute the core phenomenon of wave optics. Thus, the irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid formed by the interconnection of multiple first metal structures 310 makes the light intensity distribution after passing through the intelligent integrated lens 100 more uniform, reduces diffraction fringes, and presents a diffuse (or scattering) effect, solving the problems of bright diffraction fringes and dark areas caused by the superposition of wave crests in the periodic metal grid.

[0088] Therefore, the intelligent integrated lens 100 provided in this application can solve the problems of bright diffraction fringes and dark areas caused by coherent interference generated by periodic metal grids, allowing users to see clearer and more accurate images.

[0089] Please see Figure 5 In some embodiments, the transparent antenna 30 further includes a plurality of second metal structures 320. The plurality of second metal structures 320 and a plurality of first metal structures 310 are disposed on the same surface of the first substrate structure 101. At least a portion of the plurality of second metal structures 320 are connected to surround and form an irregularly arranged broken metal grid, with polygonal metal grids disposed within the area surrounded by the broken metal grids. The density of the broken metal grids decreases along the direction extending from the polygonal metal grids towards the edge of the lens.

[0090] In this embodiment, multiple second metal structures 320 and multiple first metal structures 310 are disposed on the same surface of the first base structure 101, such that the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh formed by the multiple first metal structures 310 and the irregularly arranged broken metal mesh formed by the multiple second metal structures 320 are disposed on the same surface.

[0091] At least some of the second metal structures 320 are connected, which can cause the irregularly arranged metal mesh to break, forming an irregularly arranged broken metal mesh. The irregularly arranged broken metal mesh can be understood as a network structure formed by discontinuous breaks between multiple polygonal metal grids.

[0092] The polygonal metal mesh is placed within the area surrounded by the broken metal mesh, which can be understood as the broken metal mesh being placed at the edge of the polygonal metal mesh. The irregularly arranged broken metal mesh can disrupt the continuity of the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh, distracting the user's attention and thus impairing the user's eye's sensitivity to regular and high-contrast patterns, preventing the brain from tracking the complete outline. Therefore, by placing the polygonal metal mesh within the area surrounded by the broken metal mesh, the outline of the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh is visually indistinct, making it resemble a natural texture rather than a geometric shape. This weakens the visibility of the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh outline, allowing the transparent antenna 30 to be better concealed within the smart integrated lens 100.

[0093] Please see Figure 6 In some embodiments, the density of the broken metal mesh decreases along the direction in which the polygonal metal mesh extends toward the edge of the lens.

[0094] In this embodiment, multiple first metal structures 310 surround and form an irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh. Multiple second metal structures 320 surround and form an irregularly arranged broken metal mesh. Along the extension direction of the polygonal metal mesh towards the lens edge, the density of the broken metal mesh decreases, making each metal cell in the broken metal mesh gradually sparser, forming a gradually breaking metal mesh. The multiple second metal structures 320 surrounding and forming the irregularly arranged broken metal mesh, with its gradual breaking, weakens the outline of the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh, reduces local contrast and edge sharpness, and blurs the boundaries. Furthermore, the broken and gradually sparse mesh structure of the broken metal mesh reduces the spatial frequency of the mesh, allowing it to better blend with the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh, making the overall appearance more like a natural texture rather than a geometric shape. This weakens the visibility of the polygonal metal mesh outline, improves visual comfort, and allows the transparent antenna 30 to be better hidden within the smart integrated lens 100.

[0095] Please see Figure 7 In some embodiments, an isolation region 330 is provided between the broken metal mesh and the polygonal metal mesh.

[0096] In this embodiment, the area containing the polygonal metal mesh is the region where the transparent antenna 30 performs its function of transmitting and receiving wireless signals. The polygonal metal mesh is positioned within the area surrounded by the broken metal mesh, allowing it to be better concealed within the smart integrated lens 100 due to the structural characteristics of the broken metal mesh. The broken metal mesh does not function as a transmitter or receiver of wireless signals. Furthermore, by isolating the broken metal mesh from the polygonal metal mesh through the isolation region 330, the performance of the polygonal metal mesh in transmitting and receiving wireless signals by the broken metal mesh can be avoided. Therefore, by setting the isolation region 330 between the broken metal mesh and the polygonal metal mesh, the electromagnetic performance of the transparent antenna 30 can be further improved, resulting in better signal coverage and transmission.

[0097] In some embodiments, the isolation region 330 can be understood as the area formed by the surface of the first substrate structure 101, the broken metal mesh, and the polygonal metal mesh. The isolation region 330 can expose the surface of the first substrate structure 101, and can also be understood as the broken metal mesh and the polygonal metal mesh being spaced apart on the surface of the first substrate structure 101, without being connected to each other.

[0098] In some embodiments, the isolation width of the isolation region 330 is between 8 micrometers and 70 micrometers, and can be set according to the actual application scenario. This application does not limit the isolation width of the isolation region 330, and the isolation width of the isolation region 330 can be adaptively adjusted.

[0099] In some embodiments, the size of the irregularly arranged polygonal metal mesh can be set according to the antenna size. The antenna size can be determined based on the operating frequency band, lens size, and performance indicators (such as gain, bandwidth, stability, etc.), and can be set according to the actual application scenario.

[0100] The number of each metal cell in an irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid can be set according to the requirements of light transmittance and sheet resistance, and can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

[0101] In irregularly arranged polygonal metal meshes, each metal cell can have three or more sides, which can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

[0102] In some embodiments, the density of the irregularly arranged fractured metal mesh decreases, and the degree of decrease can be determined by a gradient strength coefficient, which can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario. The fracture pattern of the irregularly arranged fractured metal mesh can be determined by the fracture radius, fracture distribution ratio, and fracture length, which can also be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

[0103] Please see Figure 8 This application provides a method for manufacturing a smart integrated lens, comprising:

[0104] Step S10: A grating structure 20 and an antenna groove 301 are fabricated at intervals on the optical waveguide substrate 10;

[0105] Step S20: Fabricate a transparent antenna 30 within the antenna groove 301;

[0106] The grating structure 20 is used to couple, bend, and couple out light rays that are incident on the optical waveguide substrate 10, and the transparent antenna 30 is used to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0107] In this embodiment, the relevant descriptions of the optical waveguide substrate 10, grating structure 20 and transparent antenna 30 in steps S10 and S20 can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0108] In step S10, a grating structure 20 and an antenna recess 301 are simultaneously fabricated on the same optical waveguide substrate 10. This allows the transparent antenna 30 to be fabricated within the antenna recess 301 in step S20, achieving a high degree of integration between the optical waveguide substrate 10, the grating structure 20, and the transparent antenna 30. Consequently, the integrated smart lens 100 eliminates the need for a front and rear protective film, reducing its weight. The smart integrated lens 100 provided in this application solves the problem of excessive weight in traditional lenses, meeting users' demands for lightweight design.

[0109] In some embodiments, the smart integrated lens fabrication method provided in this application simultaneously fabricates an optical waveguide and a transparent antenna on an optical waveguide substrate 10 using a nanoimprinting method, realizing the integrated design of the antenna and the optical waveguide. This eliminates the need for a protective film in the integrated smart integrated lens 100, solving the problem of excessive weight in traditional lenses and meeting users' needs for lightweight design.

[0110] Please see Figure 9 In some embodiments, step S10, which involves fabricating a grating structure 20 and an antenna recess 301 at intervals on the optical waveguide substrate 10, includes:

[0111] Step S110: Prepare nanoimprint template 510;

[0112] Step S120: Spin-coat an ultraviolet-curable adhesive layer 520 onto the surface of the first substrate structure 101 of the optical waveguide substrate 10.

[0113] In step S130, the UV-curable adhesive layer 520 is imprinted and cured using a nanoimprint template 510 to form a first uniform grating 210, a first gradient grating 220, and an antenna groove 301.

[0114] In this embodiment, a nanoimprint template 510 is prepared in step S110. The nanoimprint template 510 is a mold with a target grating structure and an antenna structure. After the nanoimprint template 510 is prepared, in step S120, an ultraviolet-curable adhesive layer 520 is spin-coated on the surface of the first substrate structure 101 of the optical waveguide substrate 10. Subsequently, in step S130, the ultraviolet-curable adhesive layer 520 is imprinted using the nanoimprint template 510, so that the ultraviolet-curable adhesive layer 520 is shaped according to the grating pattern and antenna pattern on the nanoimprint template 510. Then, the imprinted ultraviolet-curable adhesive layer 520 is irradiated with ultraviolet light to cure the ultraviolet-curable adhesive layer 520. Afterwards, the nanoimprint template 510 is removed, and a first uniform grating 210, a first gradient grating 220, and an antenna groove 301 are formed on the first substrate structure 101, thus completing the fabrication of the optical waveguide portion.

[0115] Using the nanoimprinting method provided in steps S110 to S130 of this application, ultraviolet-curable adhesive is used as the material for forming the grating, and a first uniform grating 210 and a first gradient grating 220 are obtained through curing. The grating structure 20 includes the first uniform grating 210 and the first gradient grating 220 in the above embodiments. In this embodiment, the first uniform grating 210, the first gradient grating 220, and the antenna groove 301 in the grating structure 20 are simultaneously fabricated on the first substrate structure 101. The antenna groove 301 is used to fabricate the transparent antenna 30.

[0116] Through steps S110, S120, and S130, the second uniform grating 230 and the second gradient grating 240 in the grating structure 20 can also be simultaneously fabricated on the second substrate structure 102, with the same fabrication steps. The difference lies in that the nanoimprint template 510 fabricated on the first substrate structure 101 is different from the nanoimprint template 510 fabricated on the second substrate structure 102, thereby achieving the simultaneous fabrication of the first uniform grating 210, the first gradient grating 220, and the transparent antenna 30 in the grating structure 20 on the first substrate structure 101, and the simultaneous fabrication of the second uniform grating 230 and the second gradient grating 240 in the grating structure 20 on the second substrate structure 102.

[0117] After the fabrication is completed, the first substrate structure 101 and the second substrate structure 102 are connected by a ring connection structure 103 to obtain the smart integrated lens 100.

[0118] In some embodiments, step S20, the step of fabricating a transparent antenna 30 within the antenna recess 301, includes:

[0119] Step S210: Coat the antenna groove 301 with nano-conductive material and sinter and solidify the nano-conductive material to form a conductive layer 302.

[0120] Step S220: Electroplating a metal material onto the surface of the conductive layer 302 to form a metal layer 303.

[0121] In this embodiment, a first uniform grating 210, a first gradient grating 220, and an antenna groove 301 are prepared in step S130. Then, in step S210, a nano-conductive material is coated into the antenna groove 301 and sintered to form a conductive layer 302. The conductive layer 302 serves as a seed layer and is a crucial intermediate layer connecting the non-conductive substrate and the electroplating process. By preparing the conductive layer 302 within the antenna groove 301, a thin film of conductive material can be formed on the surface of the first substrate structure 101 of the non-conductive substrate, providing a good conductive substrate for electroplating in the subsequent step S220 and ensuring the smooth progress of the electroplating process.

[0122] Therefore, in step S220, a metal material is electroplated on the surface of the conductive layer 302 to form a metal layer 303. The metal layer 303 is formed by an electroplating process. The multiple conductive layers 302 and the multiple metal layers 303 in the multiple antenna recesses 301 form the required multiple first metal structures 310 and multiple second metal structures 320, thus forming a transparent antenna 30.

[0123] In some embodiments, each first metal structure 310 includes a conductive layer 302 and a metal layer 303. The conductive layer 302 is disposed on the first substrate structure 101. The metal layer 303 is disposed on the surface of the conductive layer 302 away from the first substrate structure 101. Each second metal structure 320 also includes a conductive layer 302 and a metal layer 303. The structure of the conductive layer 302 and the metal layer 303 in the second metal structure 320 is the same as the structure of the conductive layer 302 and the metal layer 303 in the first metal structure 310.

[0124] Please see Figure 10 Step S110, preparing the nanoimprint template 510, includes:

[0125] Step S111: Spin-coat a photoresist layer 620 onto the surface of the glass substrate 610;

[0126] Step S112: Perform laser direct writing lithography and development on the spin-coated photoresist layer 620 to obtain the photoresist mask layer 621;

[0127] Step S113: Based on the photoresist mask layer 621, deep silicon etching is performed on the glass substrate 610 to obtain the structured glass 611.

[0128] Step S114: Fabricate a nanoimprint template 510 on the structured glass 611.

[0129] In this embodiment, the nanoimprint template 510 is fabricated through steps S111 to S114. The nanoimprint template 510 can be applied in step S110 to fabricate the antenna and optical waveguide. The nanoimprint template 510 can be a soft template to protect the structured glass 611 from damage.

[0130] Please see Figure 11 This application provides a smart glasses 300, including any of the smart integrated lenses 100 in the above embodiments.

[0131] In this embodiment, the smart glasses 300 can be AR glasses or VR glasses, etc. The smart glasses 300 includes a smart integrated lens 100 and a frame 200. The smart integrated lens 100 is disposed on the frame 200. The frame 200 supports the smart integrated lens 100, allowing the smart glasses 300 to fit the user's face and ensuring wearing comfort. The two smart integrated lenses 100 in the smart glasses 300 are symmetrical about the center line of the frame 200.

[0132] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0133] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0134] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0135] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the division of modules or units is merely a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0136] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0137] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0138] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A smart integrated lens, characterized in that, include: The optical waveguide substrate (10) includes a grating region (110) and an antenna region (120) spaced apart. A grating structure (20) is disposed in the grating region (110) for coupling, turning and coupling out light rays incident on the optical waveguide substrate (10); A transparent antenna (30) is disposed in the antenna region (120) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals; The optical waveguide substrate (10) includes: First base structure (101); The second base structure (102) is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the first base structure (101); An annular connecting structure (103) is disposed between the first base structure (101) and the second base structure (102), and the annular connecting structure (103), the first base structure (101) and the second base structure (102) surround to form an air layer (40). The transparent antenna (30) includes: A plurality of first metal structures (310) are disposed in the antenna region (120) of the first substrate structure (101), and the plurality of first metal structures (310) are disposed close to the air layer (40); Multiple of the first metal structures (310) are connected to surround and form an irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid for transmitting and receiving wireless signals; Multiple second metal structures (320) are disposed on the same surface of the first base structure (101) as multiple first metal structures (310); At least a portion of the second metal structures (320) are connected to surround and form an irregularly arranged broken metal grid, the polygonal metal grid being disposed within the area surrounded by the broken metal grid; Along the direction of extension of the polygonal metal mesh toward the edge of the lens, the density of the broken metal mesh decreases. The optical waveguide substrate provides physical support and protection for the transparent antenna and grating structure.

2. The intelligent integrated lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grating structure (20) includes: A first uniform grating (210) is disposed on the first substrate structure (101). A first gradient grating (220) is disposed on the first substrate structure (101) at a distance from the first uniform grating (210). The first uniform grating (210) and the first gradient grating (220) are disposed close to the air layer (40).

3. The intelligent integrated lens as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The grating structure (20) also includes: A second uniform grating (230) is disposed on the second substrate structure (102), and the second uniform grating (230) is offset from the first uniform grating (210); The second gradient grating (240) is disposed on the second substrate structure (102) at a distance from the second uniform grating (230). The second uniform grating (230) and the second gradient grating (240) are disposed away from the air layer (40).

4. A method for manufacturing an intelligent integrated lens, characterized in that, include: A grating structure (20) and an antenna groove (301) are spaced apart on an optical waveguide substrate (10). A transparent antenna (30) is fabricated within the antenna groove (301); The grating structure (20) is used to couple, deflect, and couple out light rays that enter the optical waveguide substrate (10), and the transparent antenna (30) is used to transmit and receive wireless signals; the optical waveguide substrate provides physical support and protection for the transparent antenna and the grating structure. The optical waveguide substrate (10) includes: First base structure (101); The second base structure (102) is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the first base structure (101); An annular connecting structure (103) is disposed between the first base structure (101) and the second base structure (102), and the annular connecting structure (103), the first base structure (101) and the second base structure (102) surround to form an air layer (40). The transparent antenna (30) includes: A plurality of first metal structures (310) are disposed in the antenna region (120) of the first substrate structure (101), and the plurality of first metal structures (310) are disposed close to the air layer (40); Multiple of the first metal structures (310) are connected to surround and form an irregularly arranged polygonal metal grid for transmitting and receiving wireless signals; Multiple second metal structures (320) are disposed on the same surface of the first base structure (101) as multiple first metal structures (310); At least a portion of the second metal structures (320) are connected to surround and form an irregularly arranged broken metal grid, the polygonal metal grid being disposed within the area surrounded by the broken metal grid; The density of the broken metal mesh decreases along the direction in which the polygonal metal mesh extends toward the edge of the lens.

5. The method for manufacturing an intelligent integrated lens as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The step of fabricating a grating structure (20) and an antenna groove (301) spaced apart on an optical waveguide substrate (10) includes: Preparation of nanoimprint template (510); A UV-curable adhesive layer (520) is spin-coated onto the surface of the first substrate structure (101) of the optical waveguide substrate (10). The UV-curable adhesive layer (520) is imprinted and cured using the nanoimprint template (510) to form the first uniform grating (210), the first gradient grating (220), and the antenna groove (301) in the grating structure (20).

6. The method for manufacturing an intelligent integrated lens as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The step of fabricating the transparent antenna (30) within the antenna groove (301) includes: Nano-conductive material is coated in the antenna groove (301) and the nano-conductive material is sintered and solidified to form a conductive layer (302). A metal material is electroplated on the surface of the conductive layer (302) to form a metal layer (303).

7. A type of smart glasses, characterized in that, Including the smart integrated lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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