Aluminum alloy cable

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to an aluminum alloy cable which is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor, an inner insulation layer, a fireproof tape layer and an outer sheath; the outer sheath is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 50-60 parts, linear low-density polyethylene 20-30 parts, polyolefin elastomer 10-20 parts, PPO-g-MAH 5-10 parts, carbon black 20-30 parts, organic phosphorus flame retardant 1-10 parts, crust agent 20-30 parts and antioxidant 1-3 parts; the crust agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate; the aluminum alloy cable provided by the application is light in weight, high in strength, excellent in fireproof and flame-retardant performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to an aluminum alloy cable. Background Technology

[0002] Power cables play an indispensable role in power transmission, information transmission, and electrical and electronic equipment, serving as the "blood vessels" and "nerves" of my country's national economy. With the rapid development of my country's economy, the demand for electricity has been increasing year by year, leading to a continuous rise in the demand for power cables. Copper, as an excellent conductor material, is widely used in wire and cable applications due to its advantages such as high current carrying capacity, strong corrosion resistance, high strength, good thermal stability, and high machinability; however, it is relatively expensive. Aluminum conductors have conductivity properties close to copper conductors, but aluminum has disadvantages such as a low melting point, softness, and poor mechanical strength, resulting in lower reliability of aluminum core cables. Furthermore, aluminum alloy cables still have shortcomings in fire resistance, flame retardancy, and mechanical strength. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes an aluminum alloy cable.

[0004] The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] An aluminum alloy cable is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor, an inner insulation layer, a fireproof wrapping layer, and an outer sheath;

[0006] The outer sheath is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 50-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 20-30 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 5-10 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 20-30 parts of carbon black, 1-10 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 20-30 parts of shelling agent, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant.

[0008] The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate is as follows:

[0010] Disperse layered sodium silicate in anhydrous ethanol, add hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, sonicate, dissolve POSS in dichloromethane and add it, heat to reflux for 1-10 h, restore to room temperature, collect the precipitate, wash and dry.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the layered sodium silicate to POSS is 1:0.1-1.

[0012] Furthermore, the POSS is an octaamino POSS.

[0013] Furthermore, the organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane.

[0014] Furthermore, the preparation method of the organophosphorus flame retardant is as follows:

[0015] Under nitrogen protection, DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane were mixed and reacted at 75-85°C for 5-10 h. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and the product was washed with an aqueous ethanol solution and dried to obtain an intermediate. The intermediate and sodium dodecyl sulfate were added to deionized water, and an aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added with stirring. The mixture was reacted at 85-95°C for 5-10 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was collected, washed with an aqueous ethanol solution, and dried.

[0016] Furthermore, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010 and / or antioxidant 168.

[0017] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy conductor is formed by concentrically twisting 8030 aluminum alloy wires in a 1+5+9 arrangement (i.e., 1 single wire in the center, 5 wires in the second layer, and 9 wires in the third layer).

[0018] Furthermore, the inner insulation layer is an XLPE insulation layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the fireproof wrapping layer includes a PET film layer and a mica tape wrapping layer.

[0020] It has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This invention provides an aluminum alloy cable. The 8030 aluminum alloy has a low density and higher tensile strength and yield strength than soft electrical aluminum, and its elongation can reach 30%. After being concentrically stranded in a 1+5+9 arrangement, it has a larger conductor cross-section utilization rate and fracture resistance, and higher operational reliability.

[0022] PET film has excellent electrical insulation properties, which can effectively isolate the conductor from the external environment, prevent current leakage, ensure the safety of power transmission, and reduce the damage to the conductor caused by external mechanical stress.

[0023] Mica tape uses mica paper as its base material and has properties such as high temperature resistance, heat insulation and flame retardancy. When combustion occurs, mica tape can form a carbonized layer, which isolates the flame from the internal conductor and delays cable failure.

[0024] The outer sheath ensures the long-term stable operation of aluminum alloy cables through multiple protection mechanisms such as mechanical strength, environmental isolation, and flame retardancy. PPO-g-MAH can promote the interfacial bonding between different components through chemical bonds or physical effects, reduce the size of the dispersed phase and improve uniformity. The benzene ring structure it contains can also improve the mechanical properties of the outer sheath and promote the formation of a carbon layer during combustion.

[0025] When combustion occurs, the silica generated from the decomposition of POSS reacts with layered sodium silicate to form a glassy silicate shell, which covers the cable surface, isolating oxygen and heat transfer, inhibiting the release of combustible gases, and thus playing a fire-retardant role. The phosphorus atoms in the DOPO molecule decompose at high temperature to generate phosphorus-containing free radicals. These free radicals can capture active free radicals generated during combustion, interrupt the combustion chain reaction, and thus inhibit flame propagation. The organophosphorus flame retardant obtained by reacting with vinyltriethoxysilane not only has improved dispersibility in the resin matrix, but the siloxane structure generated by the hydrolysis of vinyltriethoxysilane is converted into silica at high temperature, which can further react with layered sodium silicate to form a glassy silicate shell, thus playing a fire-retardant role. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the aluminum alloy cable in Example 1. The numbers in the diagram represent:

[0027] 1-Aluminum alloy conductor, 2-XLPE inner insulation layer, 3-PET film layer, 4-Mica tape wrapping layer, 5-Outer sheath. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Unless otherwise specified in the examples, the conditions were performed under standard conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products. Techniques not mentioned in this invention refer to existing technologies. Unless otherwise specified, the following examples and comparative examples are parallel experiments, using the same processing steps and parameters.

[0029] Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: melt index 800 g / min, density 0.94 g / cm³ 3 Taiwan, China;

[0030] Linear low-density polyethylene: melt index 3.6 g / 10 min, density 0.924 g / cm³ 3 Sabine Foundation;

[0031] Polyolefin elastomer: melt index 9 g / 10 min, density 1.41 g / cm³ 3 LG Chem;

[0032] PPO-g-MAH: Shengli New Materials;

[0033] Carbon black: N330, Zhongbei Chemical;

[0034] Organophosphorus flame retardant: homemade;

[0035] crusting agent: homemade;

[0036] Antioxidant 1010: BASF.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] An aluminum alloy cable is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor 1, an XLPE inner insulation layer 2, a PET film layer 3, a mica tape wrapping layer 4, and an outer sheath 5.

[0039] Aluminum alloy conductor 1 is made of 8030 aluminum alloy wires concentrically twisted in a 1+5+9 arrangement;

[0040] The outer sheath 5 is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0041] 55 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 25 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 15 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 6 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 25 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 25 parts of shelling agent, and 1 part of antioxidant 1010.

[0042] The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate, and the preparation method of the crusting agent is as follows:

[0043] Disperse 10g of layered sodium silicate in 100ml of anhydrous ethanol, add 1g of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, sonicate for 60min, then dissolve 1g of octaaminoPOSS in 20ml of dichloromethane and add it dropwise, heat to reflux for 10h, then restore to room temperature, filter to collect the precipitate, wash with anhydrous ethanol and vacuum dry.

[0044] Organophosphorus flame retardants are obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane. The preparation method of organophosphorus flame retardants is as follows:

[0045] Under nitrogen protection, 21.6 g of DOPO and 19 g of vinyltriethoxysilane were mixed and reacted at 80 °C for 10 h. After cooling to room temperature, the product was washed with a 75% ethanol aqueous solution and then vacuum dried to obtain an intermediate. 20 g of the intermediate and 2 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate were added to 250 ml of deionized water, and 10 ml of a 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution was added while stirring. The mixture was stirred at 90 °C for 10 h. After the reaction was completed, the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with a 75% ethanol aqueous solution, and then vacuum dried.

[0046] The preparation method of the outer sheath 5 is as follows:

[0047] Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, PPO-g-MAH, carbon black, organophosphorus flame retardant, shelling agent, and antioxidant 1010 are added to a mixer. The rotor speed of the mixer is set to 20 r / min, and the mixing temperature is 130℃. After mixing, a mixed rubber compound is obtained. The mixed rubber compound is added to a twin-screw extruder, and the extrusion temperature is 160-170℃. After pelleting, cooling and drying, composite granules are obtained. The composite granules are heated in a flat vulcanizer at 180℃ without pressure for 5 minutes, then kept at the temperature and pressurized to 15MPa, and then kept at the temperature and pressure for 5 minutes before cooling to room temperature.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] An aluminum alloy cable is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor 1, an XLPE inner insulation layer 2, a PET film layer 3, a mica tape wrapping layer 4, and an outer sheath 5.

[0050] Aluminum alloy conductor 1 is made of 8030 aluminum alloy wires concentrically twisted in a 1+5+9 arrangement;

[0051] The outer sheath 5 is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0052] 60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 30 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 10 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 30 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 25 parts of shelling agent, and 1 part of antioxidant 1010.

[0053] The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate, and the organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane. The preparation methods of the crusting agent and the organophosphorus flame retardant are the same as in Example 1.

[0054] The preparation method of the outer sheath 5 is as follows:

[0055] Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, PPO-g-MAH, carbon black, organophosphorus flame retardant, shelling agent, and antioxidant 1010 are added to a mixer. The rotor speed of the mixer is set to 20 r / min, and the mixing temperature is 130℃. After mixing, a mixed rubber compound is obtained. The mixed rubber compound is added to a twin-screw extruder, and the extrusion temperature is 160-170℃. After pelleting, cooling and drying, composite granules are obtained. The composite granules are heated in a flat vulcanizer at 180℃ without pressure for 5 minutes, then kept at the temperature and pressurized to 15MPa, and then kept at the temperature and pressure for 5 minutes before cooling to room temperature.

[0056] Example 3:

[0057] An aluminum alloy cable is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor 1, an XLPE inner insulation layer 2, a PET film layer 3, a mica tape wrapping layer 4, and an outer sheath 5.

[0058] Aluminum alloy conductor 1 is made of 8030 aluminum alloy wires concentrically twisted in a 1+5+9 arrangement;

[0059] The outer sheath 5 is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0060] 50 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 20 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 5 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 20 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 25 parts of shelling agent, and 1 part of antioxidant 1010.

[0061] The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate, and the organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane. The preparation methods of the crusting agent and the organophosphorus flame retardant are the same as in Example 1.

[0062] The preparation method of the outer sheath 5 is as follows:

[0063] Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, PPO-g-MAH, carbon black, organophosphorus flame retardant, shelling agent, and antioxidant 1010 are added to a mixer. The rotor speed of the mixer is set to 20 r / min, and the mixing temperature is 130℃. After mixing, a mixed rubber compound is obtained. The mixed rubber compound is added to a twin-screw extruder, and the extrusion temperature is 160-170℃. After pelleting, cooling and drying, composite granules are obtained. The composite granules are heated in a flat vulcanizer at 180℃ without pressure for 5 minutes, then kept at the temperature and pressurized to 15MPa, and then kept at the temperature and pressure for 5 minutes before cooling to room temperature.

[0064] Example 4:

[0065] An aluminum alloy cable is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor 1, an XLPE inner insulation layer 2, a PET film layer 3, a mica tape wrapping layer 4, and an outer sheath 5.

[0066] Aluminum alloy conductor 1 is made of 8030 aluminum alloy wires concentrically twisted in a 1+5+9 arrangement;

[0067] The outer sheath 5 is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0068] 60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 20 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 5 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 30 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 25 parts of shelling agent, and 1 part of antioxidant 1010.

[0069] The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate, and the organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane. The preparation methods of the crusting agent and the organophosphorus flame retardant are the same as in Example 1.

[0070] The preparation method of the outer sheath 5 is as follows:

[0071] Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, PPO-g-MAH, carbon black, organophosphorus flame retardant, shelling agent, and antioxidant 1010 are added to a mixer. The rotor speed of the mixer is set to 20 r / min, and the mixing temperature is 130℃. After mixing, a mixed rubber compound is obtained. The mixed rubber compound is added to a twin-screw extruder, and the extrusion temperature is 160-170℃. After pelleting, cooling and drying, composite granules are obtained. The composite granules are heated in a flat vulcanizer at 180℃ without pressure for 5 minutes, then kept at the temperature and pressurized to 15MPa, and then kept at the temperature and pressure for 5 minutes before cooling to room temperature.

[0072] Comparative Example 1:

[0073] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that PPO-g-MAH is not added.

[0074] Comparative Example 2:

[0075] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that no crusting agent is added.

[0076] Comparative Example 3:

[0077] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that no organophosphorus flame retardant is added.

[0078] Comparative Example 4:

[0079] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that DOPO is used instead of organophosphorus flame retardant.

[0080] Performance testing:

[0081] The outer sheath materials of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present invention were made into samples for performance testing.

[0082] Tensile strength was tested according to GB / T 1040.3-2006 "Determination of tensile properties of plastics - Part 3 Test conditions for films and sheets", with type 5 specimens and a tensile rate of 100 mm / min.

[0083] Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) Test: Tested on an oxygen index tester according to ASTM D2863-77 standard. The sample size is 100mm × 6.5mm × 3mm.

[0084] The cone calorimetry test was conducted according to GB / T 16172-2007 "Test Method for Heat Release Rate of Building Materials". The sample size was 85mm×85mm×3mm, and the radiant heat flux was 50kW / m². 2 Measure the total heat release (THR) and the maximum heat release rate (HRR). max ) and average heat release rate (HRR) average ).

[0085] The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0086] Table 1:

[0087]

[0088] As shown in Table 1 above, the outer sheath of the present invention has good mechanical properties and excellent fire-retardant properties;

[0089] The comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 shows that the addition of PPO-g-MAH has a positive effect on the mechanical properties and fire-retardant properties of the outer sheath.

[0090] The comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 shows that the addition of the crusting agent has a positive effect on the mechanical properties and fire-retardant properties of the outer sheath.

[0091] The comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 3-4 shows that the organophosphorus flame retardant of the present invention provides a greater improvement in the fire-retardant performance of the outer sheath compared to DOPO.

[0092] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy cable, characterized in that, It consists of an aluminum alloy conductor, an inner insulation layer, a fireproof wrapping layer, and an outer sheath; The outer sheath is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 20-30 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 5-10 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 20-30 parts of carbon black, 1-10 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 20-30 parts of shelling agent, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant. The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate; The preparation method of the POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate is as follows: Disperse layered sodium silicate in anhydrous ethanol, add hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, sonicate, dissolve POSS in dichloromethane and add it, heat to reflux for 1-10 h, restore to room temperature, collect the precipitate, wash and dry. The POSS is an octaamino POSS; The organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane.

2. The aluminum alloy cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the layered sodium silicate to POSS is 1:0.1-1.

3. The aluminum alloy cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the organophosphorus flame retardant is as follows: Under nitrogen protection, DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane were mixed and reacted at 75-85°C for 5-10 h. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and the product was washed with an aqueous ethanol solution and dried to obtain an intermediate. The intermediate and sodium dodecyl sulfate were added to deionized water, and an aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added with stirring. The mixture was reacted at 85-95°C for 5-10 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was collected, washed with an aqueous ethanol solution, and dried.

4. The aluminum alloy cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010 and / or antioxidant 168.

5. The aluminum alloy cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy conductor is made of 8030 aluminum alloy wires concentrically twisted in a 1+5+9 arrangement.

6. The aluminum alloy cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner insulation layer is an XLPE insulation layer.

7. The aluminum alloy cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fireproof wrapping layer includes a PET film layer and a mica tape wrapping layer.

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