Puncture device and puncture needle applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of puncture fixation, and discloses a puncture device and a puncture needle applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy, the puncture device applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy comprises a suction cup, a mounting sleeve arranged at the upper end of the suction cup, and an adjusting unit arranged on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve, the adjusting unit comprises an X-axis component arranged on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve; by arranging the adjusting unit, after medical staff determines the angle of the puncture needle entering the human body through the image technology, the angle of the bearing plate is adjusted through the X-axis component and the Y-axis component, and after it is ensured that the angle of the puncture needle is correct, fixation of the puncture cannula and the puncture needle is relieved through the fixing assembly; therefore, medical staff can control the puncture needle to be directly inserted into the body of a patient at the determined angle, the puncture cannula is limited through the penetrating hole in the whole process, and the situation that the angle of the puncture needle changes in the puncture process, and follow-up treatment is affected is effectively avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of puncture fixation, and in particular to a puncture device and a puncture needle applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy. BACKGROUND

[0002] Puncture surgery is a minimally invasive technique that enters the body through the skin or natural cavity with a puncture needle or other instruments to achieve the purpose of diagnosis or treatment, and is widely used in various clinical departments. It is an important part of minimally invasive surgery and interventional therapy. Its core feature is small trauma, relatively simple operation, and can complete various medical operations under precise positioning. During the puncture surgery process, the puncture needle or related instruments are guided by image technology to reach the target site accurately, and through operations such as liquid extraction, tissue sample collection, and drug injection, diagnosis or treatment is achieved.

[0003] In the existing puncture surgery process, medical staff guide the puncture needle to reach the target site through the guidance of image technology, but there are still the following problems. During the puncture process, medical staff complete the puncture procedure by their own hands, but manual puncture cannot maintain the stability and direction of the needle. If the hands of medical staff are unstable or unevenly forceful, the puncture needle may deviate slightly. This deviation may affect the accuracy of puncture, causing the angle or position of the puncture needle entering the target area to change, thereby affecting the subsequent treatment effect. Especially when the puncture surgery is used for drainage, the deviation of the needle direction may not be able to normally drain the internal liquid, and medical staff need to operate multiple times to ensure normal drainage, which may cause unnecessary harm to the patient. In addition, the drainage process needs to be performed for a long time, so medical staff need to fix the puncture needle. The existing fixation may cause the needle to also deviate, affecting the subsequent drainage effect.

[0004] At the same time, the traditional puncture needle has a sharp edge at the transition zone of the inclined surface and the inner cavity pipeline connection. During the surgery, the medical instrument cooperating with the puncture needle is easy to bend from the center of the needle tube to this connection, and the operation movement of the cooperating instrument and the slight movement of the patient can easily cause the sharp edge to scrape like a knife edge, causing the coating or surface of the instrument to be scraped. Not only does the cooperating instrument itself fail to function, but the detached coating and metal and plastic debris can also cause thrombosis or tissue inflammation and other surgical complications. At the same time, the operation resistance increases, which can easily cause damage to the structural integrity of the cooperating instrument, causing it to break, thereby increasing the risk of surgery. In addition, it can also cause serious damage to human tissue. The sharp edge can easily cut the intima of blood vessels or nerve fibers, greatly increasing the risk of surgical complications. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems that manual puncture in the prior art causes needle to deviate when entering the human body and also causes needle to deviate when fixing the needle, a puncture device and a puncture needle applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional treatment are provided.

[0006] The application provides a puncture device and a puncture needle applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional treatment, which aims to: when medical staff determine the angle at which the puncture needle enters the human body through image technology, the angle of the bearing plate is adjusted through the X-axis component and the Y-axis component, the angle of the puncture needle is ensured to be correct, the fixing of the puncture sleeve and the puncture needle is released through the fixing assembly, the medical staff can control the puncture needle to be directly inserted into the patient at the determined angle, the puncture sleeve is limited through the insertion hole throughout the process, the angle of the puncture needle in the puncture process is effectively prevented from changing to affect subsequent treatment, and the puncture needle is fixed in the patient again through the fixing assembly.

[0007] The technical scheme of the application is: a puncture device applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional treatment, comprising a suction cup, a mounting sleeve arranged at the upper end of the suction cup, and a adjusting unit arranged on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve. The X-axis component comprises adjusting rods arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the mounting sleeve, an X-axis ring arranged between the two adjusting rods, a sector gear arranged on one end of the adjusting rod, a control ring arranged at the upper end of the suction cup, and a first tooth block group arranged at the upper end of the control ring, wherein the lower ends of the sector gears are respectively engaged with the corresponding first tooth block groups. The Y-axis component is arranged on the inner wall of the X-axis ring, and the Y-axis component comprises rotating rods arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the X-axis ring, a Y-axis ring arranged between the two rotating rods, a mounting ring groove opened in the inside of the X-axis ring, one end of each of the two rotating rods located inside the mounting ring groove, a transmission gear arranged on one end of the rotating rod, a change ring arranged on the outer wall of the X-axis ring, two second tooth block groups arranged at the lower end of the change ring, and the transmission gear and the corresponding second tooth block group are engaged with each other.

[0008] Further, the reading assembly comprises a finger plate arranged at the upper end of the control ring and the change ring respectively, an index needle arranged on the side wall of the finger plate, an extension ring arranged on the outer wall of the X-axis ring, a reading bar opened at the upper end of the extension ring and the suction cup, and the two index needles are respectively located on the corresponding reading bars.

[0009] Further, the fixing assembly comprises a bearing plate arranged on the inner wall of the Y-axis ring, a penetrating hole formed in the bearing plate, a penetrating sleeve arranged in the penetrating hole, a puncture needle fixedly arranged at the lower end of the penetrating sleeve, a limiting element and an unlocking element arranged in the bearing plate.

[0010] Further, the limiting element comprises an installation groove formed in the bearing plate, sliding grooves formed on both sides of the installation groove, sliding blocks arranged in the sliding grooves, limiting wheels arranged between the sliding blocks, and rubber rings arranged on the limiting wheels.

[0011] Further, the unlocking element comprises a connecting plate arranged between the corresponding two sliding blocks, a reset plate arranged at one end of the connecting plate, a spring rod arranged on the inner wall of the installation groove and the reset plate, a pressing hole formed in the connecting plate, a control rod sealingly and slidingly arranged at the upper end of the bearing plate, a trapezoidal block arranged at the lower end of the control rod, a reset disc arranged at the upper end of the control rod, and a reset spring arranged between the reset disc and the outer wall of the bearing plate.

[0012] Further, the upper end of the suction cup is fixedly provided with a suction pipe, and the suction cup is used to fix the mounting sleeve on the surface of the skin of the patient.

[0013] Further, a puncture needle applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy is provided, wherein the connection between the inclined surface of the puncture needle and the inner cavity pipeline is provided as a transition structure, the inclined surface of the puncture needle is provided with a distal end edge treatment structure, and the edge of the transition structure of the puncture needle is provided with a proximal end edge treatment structure.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. By arranging the adjusting unit, medical staff can first determine the angle at which the puncture needle needs to enter the patient's body through image technology, and then adjust the bearing plate through the X-axis component and the Y-axis component. The X-axis and the Y-axis cooperate with each other to ensure that the puncture needle can be inserted into the patient's body at any angle, which can better improve the puncture quality of the puncture needle and improve the subsequent treatment effect.

[0015] 2. By arranging the suction cup, medical staff can quickly adsorb the mounting sleeve around the part of the patient that needs to be punctured through the suction cup, and then adjust the puncture angle of the puncture needle through the adjusting unit again. While ensuring that the puncture needle can enter the human body at any angle, the puncture needle can be fixed and limited, which can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of drainage when the puncture needle is used for drainage.

[0016] 3、By setting the fixed assembly, when the medical staff adjusts the angle of the puncture needle, the puncture needle is limited in the vertical direction to prevent movement of the puncture needle during the angle adjustment process, and when the angle adjustment is completed, the medical staff can release the limitation of the puncture needle through the unlocking element, and then the puncture needle can move in the vertical direction to insert into the human body, and the angle of the puncture needle is limited during the movement process, thereby ensuring that the puncture needle always enters the patient's body at a specific angle, improving the puncture effect and quality.

[0017] 4、By reasonably improving the puncture needle head, the safety and compatibility of the puncture needle are significantly improved during the puncture process. During cooperation with the guide wire, this design structure can reduce the sharp friction between the puncture needle and the coating on the surface of the guide wire, the coating will not be stripped and left in the human body, and the surface of the guide wire is protected to avoid scratches or damage, and the metal wire is prevented from being raised to affect the function of the guide wire; during cooperation with the catheter, this design structure can protect the catheter from scratches or indentations, so that the medical staff will not be subjected to excessive pushing resistance during surgery, and also avoids the residual of unnoticed plastic debris in the human body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is the first perspective three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the device of the application; Figure 2 It is the second perspective three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 3 It is the top view plane structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 4 It is Figure 3 It is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of A in the middle; Figure 5 It is the X-axis component structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 6 It is the X-axis ring local sectional view structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 7 It is the fixed assembly structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 8 It is the internal structure schematic diagram of the bearing plate of the application; Figure 9 It is the puncture needle head structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 10 It is Figure 9 It is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of B in the middle.

[0019] In the figure: 1, suction cup; 2, mounting sleeve; 101, adjusting rod; 102, X-axis ring; 103, sector gear; 104, control ring; 105, tooth block group one; 201, rotating rod; 202, Y-axis ring; 203, mounting ring groove; 204, transmission gear; 205, change ring; 206, tooth block group two; 301, index plate; 302, index needle; 303, extension ring; 401, bearing plate; 402, puncture sleeve; 403, mounting groove; 404, sliding groove; 405, sliding block; 406, limit wheel; 501, connecting plate; 502, reset plate; 503, spring rod; 504, control rod; 505, trapezoidal block; 506, reset disc; 507, reset spring; 601, air suction pipe; 602, puncture needle; 603, transition structure; 604, distal edge processing structure; 605, proximal edge processing structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1, refer to Figures 1-6 For the first embodiment of the present application, a puncture device applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy is provided, which comprises a suction cup 1, a mounting sleeve 2 fixedly installed on the upper end of the suction cup 1, and further comprises an adjusting unit installed on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 2, wherein the adjusting unit comprises an X-axis component installed on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 2.

[0022] The X-axis component comprises adjusting rods 101 rotatably installed on the inner walls of both sides of the mounting sleeve 2, an X-axis ring 102 fixedly installed between the two adjusting rods 101, a sector gear 103 fixedly installed on one end of the adjusting rod 101, a control ring 104 rotatably installed on the upper end of the suction cup 1, and a tooth block group one 105 fixedly installed on the upper end of the control ring 104, wherein the lower end of the sector gear 103 is engaged with the corresponding tooth block group one 105.

[0023] The inner wall of the X-axis ring 102 is provided with a Y-axis component, which comprises a rotating rod 201 rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the two sides of the X-axis ring 102, a Y-axis ring 202 fixedly arranged between the two rotating rods 201, an installation ring groove 203 opened in the inside of the X-axis ring 102, one end of the two rotating rods 201 located in the inside of the installation ring groove 203, a transmission gear 204 fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating rod 201, a change ring 205 rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the X-axis ring 102, two tooth block groups two 206 fixedly arranged at the lower end of the change ring 205, the transmission gear 204 and the corresponding tooth block group two 206 are in meshing relationship, the outer wall of the control ring 104 and the change ring 205 are both provided with a reading component, and the inner wall of the Y-axis ring 202 is provided with a fixed component. The upper end of the suction cup 1 is fixedly provided with a suction pipe 601, and the suction cup 1 is used for fixing the mounting sleeve 2 on the surface of the skin of the patient.

[0024] The reading component comprises a finger plate 301 fixedly arranged at the upper end of the control ring 104 and the change ring 205 respectively, an index needle 302 fixedly arranged on the side wall of the finger plate 301, an extension ring 303 fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the X-axis ring 102, a reading bar opened in the extension ring 303 and the upper end of the suction cup 1, and the two index needles 302 are located on the corresponding reading bars respectively.

[0025] Specifically, the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the angle of the puncture needle 602, and the angle of the puncture needle 602 can be adjusted by rotating the X-axis ring 102 and the Y-axis ring 202 respectively, so that the puncture needle 602 can enter the patient's body at any angle. The X-axis ring 102 rotates around the center of the adjusting rod 101 as the axis point, and the Y-axis ring 202 rotates around the axis point of the rotating rod 201, and because the adjusting rod 101 and the rotating rod 201 are perpendicular to each other, when the angle of the puncture needle 602 is determined by the medical staff, the puncture needle 602 can be inserted into the patient's body at any angle. Therefore, by setting the adjusting unit, the medical staff can first determine the angle at which the puncture needle 602 needs to enter the patient's body through image technology, and then adjust the bearing plate 401 through the X-axis component and the Y-axis component. The X-axis and the Y-axis cooperate with each other to ensure that the puncture needle 602 can be inserted into the patient's body at any angle, which can better improve the puncture quality of the puncture needle 602 and improve the subsequent treatment effect.

[0026] The suction cup 1 is used to adsorb the whole device on the skin surface around the part of the patient which needs to be punctured, so as to fix the whole device on the outer surface of the patient's skin, so that the device is equivalent to an integral whole with the patient's skin, thereby better fixing the device. The suction cup 1 is provided, and medical staff can quickly adsorb the mounting sleeve 2 on the part around the patient which needs to be punctured through the suction cup 1, and then adjust the puncture angle of the puncture needle 602 through the adjusting unit, so as to ensure that the puncture needle 602 can enter the human body at any angle and can be fixed and limited at the same time. When the puncture needle 602 drains the patient, better fixation can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of drainage.

[0027] In use, medical staff adsorb the suction cup 1 on the skin surface around the part of the patient which needs to be punctured, first determine the angle at which the puncture needle 602 punctures into the patient by observing the imaging device, then rotate the control ring 104 to drive the adjusting rod 101 to rotate through the tooth block group one 105, and the medical staff determine the angle of rotation of the X-axis ring 102 through the position of the index needle 302 on the reading bar, thereby completing the angle of the X-axis ring 102. Then the medical staff rotate the change ring 205 on the upper end of the X-axis ring 102, and the change ring 205 drives the transmission gear 204 to rotate through the tooth block group two 206 on the lower end during the rotation process, and the transmission gear 204 drives the Y-axis ring 202 to rotate through the rotating rod 201, thereby controlling the puncture needle 602 to be fixed on the carrier plate 401 at a certain angle.

[0028] Embodiment 2, refer to Figures 7-8For the second embodiment of the application, which is different from the first embodiment, the fixed assembly includes a bearing plate 401 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the Y-axis ring 202, a through hole opened in the bearing plate 401, a puncture sleeve 402 placed in the through hole, a puncture needle 602 fixedly installed at the lower end of the puncture sleeve 402, a limiting element and an unlocking element installed in the bearing plate 401. The limiting element includes an installation groove 403 opened in the bearing plate 401, a sliding groove 404 opened on both sides of the installation groove 403, a sliding block 405 slidingly installed in the sliding groove 404, a limiting wheel 406 rotationally installed between the sliding blocks 405, the distance between the two limiting wheels 406 being slightly smaller than the diameter of the puncture sleeve 402, and a rubber ring sleeved and installed on the limiting wheel 406. The unlocking element includes a connecting plate 501 fixedly installed between the corresponding two sliding blocks 405, a reset plate 502 fixedly installed at one end of the connecting plate 501, a spring rod 503 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the installation groove 403 and the reset plate 502, a pressing hole opened in the connecting plate 501, a control rod 504 sealingly and slidingly installed on the upper end of the bearing plate 401, a trapezoidal block 505 fixedly installed at the lower end of the control rod 504, a reset disc 506 fixedly installed at the upper end of the control rod 504, and a reset spring 507 fixedly installed between the reset disc 506 and the outer wall of the bearing plate 401.

[0029] Specifically, by setting the fixed assembly, when the medical staff adjusts the angle of the puncture needle 602, the puncture needle 602 is limited in the vertical direction to prevent movement of the puncture needle 602 during angle adjustment. At the same time, after the angle adjustment is completed, the medical staff can release the limitation of the puncture needle 602 through the unlocking element, so that the puncture needle 602 can move in the vertical direction to insert into the human body. During the movement of the puncture needle 602, its angle is limited, thereby ensuring that the puncture needle 602 always enters the patient's body at a specific angle, improving the puncture effect and quality. The fixed assembly is used to limit and fix the puncture needle 602. The function of the fixed assembly is that when the medical staff adjusts the angle of the puncture needle 602, the puncture needle 602 is completely fixed to prevent the puncture needle 602 from being touched during angle adjustment, thereby causing the puncture angle to deviate and affecting the subsequent puncture quality. At the same time, the fixed assembly can limit the puncture needle 602, so that the puncture needle 602 can only move linearly during the movement, thereby effectively improving the stability during the puncture process.

[0030] During use, when the medical staff completes the adjustment of the angle of the puncture needle 602, the medical staff presses the control rod 504 to release the restriction of the fixing assembly on the puncture sleeve 402, the control rod 504 drives the trapezoidal block 505 at the lower end to move downward synchronously after being pressed, and generates a horizontal pushing force on the connecting plate 501 through the extrusion hole, and then drives the corresponding limiting wheels 406 to move in the horizontal direction through the sliding block 405, and as the limiting wheels 406 move, the distance between the two limiting wheels 406 is slightly greater than the diameter of the puncture sleeve 402, at this time the medical staff can push the horizontal movement of the puncture sleeve 402, and then the puncture sleeve 402 drives the puncture needle 602 to move synchronously into the patient's body, and the preliminary puncture is completed.

[0031] The rest of the structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0032] In combination with Examples 1-2, the working principle of the present application is as follows: the medical staff adsorbs the suction cup 1 on the skin surface around the area of the patient needing puncture, first determines the angle at which the puncture needle 602 punctures into the patient's body by observing the imaging device, and then rotates the control ring 104 to drive the adjusting rod 101 to rotate through the tooth block group one 105, the medical staff determines the angle of rotation of the X-axis ring 102 through the position of the index needle 302 on the reading bar, and then completes the angle of the X-axis ring 102, and then the medical staff rotates the change ring 205 at the upper end of the X-axis ring 102, and the change ring 205 drives the transmission gear 204 to rotate through the tooth block group two 206 at the lower end during the rotation process, and the transmission gear 204 drives the Y-axis ring 202 to rotate through the rotating rod 201, and then controls the puncture needle 602 to be fixed on the bearing plate 401 at a certain angle.

[0033] When the medical staff completes the adjustment of the angle of the puncture needle 602, the medical staff presses the control rod 504 to release the restriction of the fixing assembly on the puncture sleeve 402, the control rod 504 drives the trapezoidal block 505 at the lower end to move downward synchronously after being pressed, and generates a horizontal pushing force on the connecting plate 501 through the extrusion hole, and then drives the corresponding limiting wheels 406 to move in the horizontal direction through the sliding block 405, and as the limiting wheels 406 move, the distance between the two limiting wheels 406 is slightly greater than the diameter of the puncture sleeve 402, at this time the medical staff can push the horizontal movement of the puncture sleeve 402, and then the puncture sleeve 402 drives the puncture needle 602 to move synchronously into the patient's body, and the preliminary puncture is completed.

[0034] Example 3, a puncture needle applied to minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy, referring to Figures 9-10The transition structure 603 is arranged at the connection between the bevel of the puncture needle 602 and the inner cavity pipeline. The bevel of the puncture needle 602 is provided with a distal edge treatment structure 604 by traditional grinding or other surface treatment methods, and the transition structure edge of the puncture needle 602 is provided with a proximal edge treatment structure 605. The transition structure 603, the distal edge treatment structure 604 and the proximal edge treatment structure 605 form a double-slope surface structure with the original bevel to further protect the cooperation between the instrument and the human tissue.

[0035] Specifically, the core is to arrange a transition structure 603 at the connection between the bevel and the inner cavity pipeline. The distal edge treatment structure 604 and the proximal edge treatment structure 605 are formed by traditional mechanical grinding (grinding wheel grinder, etc.), precise grinding (soft polishing wheel and grinding paste combination grinding, etc.), special grinding (chemical, ultrasonic, electrolytic grinding, etc.), and other metal surface treatment (magnetic grinding, sand blasting, etc.) methods. The two structures can be rounded corners, chamfers or other smooth contact surfaces, which form a double-slope surface structure with the original bevel to further protect the cooperation between the instrument and the human tissue, and significantly improve the safety and compatibility of the puncture needle 602. In the cooperation process with the guide wire and other instruments, the design structure can reduce the sharp friction between the puncture needle 602 and the coating or outer surface of the guide wire and other instruments, so that the coating or outer surface material will not be stripped and left in the human body, the surface of the guide wire and other instruments is protected from scratches, depressions or damage, the metal wire or other components are prevented from being raised to affect the function of the guide wire and other instruments, so that the medical staff will not be subjected to excessive pushing resistance during the operation, and the unnoticed plastic debris left in the human body is also avoided. In the contact process with the human tissue, the design structure can make the cavity connection of the puncture needle 602 contact the blood vessels, nerves or soft tissues more safely, and reduce bleeding, inflammation, postoperative pain, etc.

[0036] The transition structure 603 and the proximal edge treatment structure 605 cooperate with the distal edge treatment structure 604 to form a double-slope surface, which aims to improve the adaptability to the combined instrument, facilitate assembly, reduce operation resistance, protect the integrity of the instrument structure and prevent scratching and breaking. For example, the composition of the structure further reduces the friction between the puncture needle and the surface coating or outer surface of the guide wire and other instruments, so that the bendable angle of the guide wire is larger during cooperation with the guide wire, and the extension angle and space of the radiofrequency ablation electrode extending out of the bevel are larger during cooperation with the radiofrequency ablation electrode.

[0037] The remaining structure is the same as that of embodiment 2.

[0038] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not limit the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or equivalently replaced, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, which should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A puncture device used in minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy, comprising a suction cup (1), and a mounting sleeve (2) arranged on the upper end of the suction cup (1), characterized in that: It also includes an adjustment unit arranged on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve (2), and the adjustment unit includes an X-axis component arranged on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve (2); The X-axis component comprises an adjusting rod (101) provided on the inner walls of both sides of the mounting sleeve (2), an X-axis ring (102) provided between the two adjusting rods (101), a sector gear (103) provided on one end of the adjusting rod (101), a control ring (104) provided on the upper end of the suction cup (1), and a gear block group (105) provided on the upper end of the control ring (104), wherein the lower ends of the sector gears (103) are respectively meshed with the corresponding gear block groups (105); A Y-axis component is installed on the inner wall of the X-axis ring (102), and the Y-axis component includes a rotating rod (201) arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the X-axis ring (102), a Y-axis ring (202) arranged between the two rotating rods (201), a mounting ring groove (203) opened inside the X-axis ring (102), one end of each of the two rotating rods (201) is located inside the mounting ring groove (203), a transmission gear (204) is arranged at one end of the rotating rod (201), a change ring (205) is arranged on the outer wall of the X-axis ring (102), and two gear block groups (206) are arranged at the lower end of the change ring (205), the transmission gear (204) and the corresponding gear block group (206) are meshed with each other, a reading component is installed on the outer walls of the control ring (104) and the change ring (205), and a fixing component is installed on the inner wall of the Y-axis ring (202).

2. A puncture device for minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reading assembly comprises a finger plate (301) respectively arranged on the upper ends of the control ring (104) and the change ring (205), an index needle (302) arranged on the side wall of the finger plate (301), an extension ring (303) arranged on the outer wall of the X-axis ring (102), and a reading bar opened on the extension ring (303) and the upper end of the suction cup (1), wherein the two index needles (302) are respectively located on the corresponding reading bars.

3. The puncture device for minimally invasive surgery or interventional treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly includes a supporting plate (401) arranged on the inner wall of the Y-axis ring (202), an insertion hole provided on the supporting plate (401), a puncture sleeve (402) arranged inside the insertion hole, a puncture needle (602) fixedly mounted on the lower end of the puncture sleeve (402), and a limiting element and an unlocking element mounted inside the supporting plate (401).

4. The puncture device for minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting element comprises a mounting groove (403) provided inside the carrier plate (401), sliding grooves (404) provided on both sides inside the mounting groove (403), sliding blocks (405) provided inside the sliding groove (404), and limiting wheels (406) provided between the sliding blocks (405), wherein the distance between the two limiting wheels (406) is slightly smaller than the diameter of the puncture sleeve (402), and a rubber ring is sleeved on the limiting wheel (406).

5. The puncture device for minimally invasive surgery or interventional treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The unlocking element includes a connecting plate (501) arranged between two corresponding sliding blocks (405), a reset plate (502) arranged at one end of the connecting plate (501), a spring rod (503) arranged on the reset plate (502) and the inner wall of the mounting groove (403), an extrusion hole opened on the connecting plate (501), a control rod (504) arranged at the upper end of the supporting plate (401) and slidingly passing through the sealing, a trapezoidal block (505) arranged at the lower end of the control rod (504), a reset disc (506) arranged at the upper end of the control rod (504), and a reset spring (507) arranged between the reset disc (506) and the upper outer wall of the supporting plate (401).

6. The puncture device for minimally invasive surgery or interventional treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air extraction tube (601) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the suction cup (1), and the suction cup (1) is used to fix the mounting sleeve (2) on the surface of the patient's skin.

7. A puncture needle for minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy, used in the puncture device for minimally invasive surgery or interventional therapy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection between the inclined surface of the puncture needle (602) and the inner cavity tube is set as a transition structure (603), the inclined surface of the puncture needle (602) is provided with a distal edge processing structure (604), and the edge of the transition structure (603) of the puncture needle (602) is provided with a proximal edge processing structure (605).

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