Underwater cover plate opening and closing high pressure simulation test system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of underwater cover plate opening and closing high pressure simulation test systems, belong to underwater cover plate opening and closing test technical field.Simulation test system includes water supply pressurization system, gas supply pressurization system, control system and experimental cavity;Water supply pressurization system is water injection pressurization to pressure vessel and diaphragm upper cavity, simultaneously through gas supply pressurization system to diaphragm lower cavity is pressurized, when the pressure of pressure vessel, diaphragm upper cavity and diaphragm lower cavity reaches predetermined pressure, control system controls to open the jar cover of experimental cavity, simultaneously control system monitors the change condition of motor torque, cover vibration, cavity pressure and diaphragm deformation in cover plate opening and closing process.The application can greatly reduce the number of field sea trial by simulating underwater high pressure cover plate opening and closing process in laboratory environment, avoid high deep sea test cost and uncontrollable environmental risk, significantly shorten the development cycle of cover plate opening and closing device and reduce cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underwater cover plate opening and closing testing technology, specifically to an underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation testing system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of deep-sea exploration, marine resource development, and underwater equipment technology, various underwater devices (such as ROVs, AUVs, and seabed observation stations) need to perform reliable sealing and opening / closing operations under the high pressure environment of the deep sea. However, existing testing methods mostly focus on static sealing performance, neglecting issues such as pressure impact and seal wear during the dynamic opening and closing process of the cover. This leads to equipment prone to leakage or jamming in real deep-sea environments. Furthermore, most tests rely on manual operation, making it impossible to accurately control the opening and closing speed, angle, and pressure changes of the cover, resulting in low testing efficiency and poor data repeatability.

[0003] Existing simulation testing systems struggle to simultaneously monitor pressure fluctuations, seal failure points, and structural stress changes during the opening and closing of hatch covers, leading to incomplete fault analysis. For instance, Chinese patent CN113776808B discloses an underwater hatch cover opening performance testing device and method. This device quantifies the adsorption characteristics of the sealing ring during underwater hatch opening by monitoring the inlet water flow and pressure difference. However, it can only record static pressure difference changes and cannot capture the dynamic pressure fluctuations between the sealing ring and the hatch contact surface in real time. This results in blind spots in monitoring transient water pressure impacts or local vacuum adsorption phenomena, and also lacks monitoring of structural stress changes.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation underwater cover plate opening and closing high pressure simulation test system that can simulate the deep-sea pressure environment, achieve high-precision pressure regulation, automatically control the cover plate opening and closing process, monitor pressure fluctuations, sealing performance and mechanical status in real time, and improve test reliability and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an underwater cover plate opening and closing high pressure simulation test system, which can simulate the underwater high pressure cover plate opening and closing process in a laboratory environment, greatly reducing the number of on-site sea trials, avoiding high deep-sea test costs and uncontrollable environmental risks, significantly shortening the development cycle of the cover plate opening and closing device and reducing costs.

[0006] A high-pressure simulation test system for opening and closing underwater cover plates includes a water supply pressurization system, an air supply pressurization system, a control system, and an experimental chamber;

[0007] The water supply and pressurization system injects water and pressurizes the pressure vessel and the upper chamber of the diaphragm, while the air supply and pressurization system pressurizes the lower chamber of the diaphragm. When the pressure in the pressure vessel, the upper chamber of the diaphragm, and the lower chamber of the diaphragm reaches the predetermined pressure, the control system controls the opening of the tank cover of the experimental chamber. At the same time, the control system monitors the changes in motor torque, cover vibration, internal pressure, and diaphragm deformation during the opening and closing of the cover.

[0008] Furthermore, the water supply pressurization system includes a water injection branch and a pressure relief branch. The water injection branch includes a pressure vessel water injection branch and a diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch. The pressure vessel water injection branch and the diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch are individually controlled by solenoid valves. The pressure relief branch completes the pressure relief of the pressure vessel and the diaphragm upper chamber by controlling the solenoid valves on the pressure vessel water injection branch and the diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch.

[0009] Furthermore, the gas supply and pressurization system includes a gas supply branch and a pressure relief branch. The gas supply branch is equipped with a solenoid valve and a safety valve. The pressure relief branch releases pressure to the lower chamber of the diaphragm by controlling the solenoid valve on the gas supply branch.

[0010] Furthermore, the experimental chamber includes a pressure vessel, a tank cover, a tank, a diaphragm, a cover opening and closing motor, and a sensor; the tank is located inside the pressure vessel, and the upper end of the tank is closed by the tank cover, which is opened and closed by the cover opening and closing motor; the sensor is located on the pressure vessel, the tank cover, the tank, and the diaphragm.

[0011] Furthermore, the sensors include a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, an acceleration sensor, a torque sensor, a photoelectric sensor, and a strain gauge; the pressure sensor is used to monitor the gas or fluid pressure in the pipeline and cavity; the flow sensor is used to monitor the gas or fluid flow rate in the pipeline; the acceleration sensor is used to monitor the vibration of the tank cover when the cover is opened and closed; the torque sensor is used to monitor the torque required for the cover opening and closing motor to drive the tank cover to open; the photoelectric sensor is used to monitor the rebound of the sealing ring during the opening and closing of the cover; and the strain gauge is used to monitor the deformation of the diaphragm during the opening and closing of the cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the control system includes a host computer, a data acquisition card, a controller, sensors, and actuators; the host computer sends control signals to the controller and receives and stores the data transmitted by the data acquisition card; the data acquisition card collects data from various sensors and feeds it back to the host computer; the controller receives signals from the host computer and controls the actuators, which include motors, water pumps, air compressors, solenoid valves, pressure regulating valves, and flow valves.

[0013] Furthermore, the photoelectric sensor is arranged next to the tank sealing ring, and an installation hole is machined next to the tank sealing groove to embed the photoelectric sensor in the installation hole; the photoelectric sensor obtains the rebound of the sealing ring by monitoring the change in distance between the lower wall of the tank cover and the upper wall of the tank, combined with the pressure change in the upper cavity of the diaphragm.

[0014] Furthermore, the testing process of the underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system includes water injection and pressurization in the pressure vessel and the upper chamber of the diaphragm, and air injection and pressurization in the lower chamber of the diaphragm. The water injection and pressurization process is as follows:

[0015] S1: The water tank level gauge detects the water level in the tank. If the water level is too low, water needs to be added.

[0016] S2: The solenoid valve of the water injection branch is opened, and the water pump is started to inject water and pressurize the pressure vessel and the upper chamber of the diaphragm at the same time;

[0017] S3: The pressure sensor detects whether the pressure in the upper chamber of the diaphragm has reached the preset value. If the preset value has not been reached, water injection and pressurization continue.

[0018] S4: If the pressure in the upper chamber of the diaphragm reaches the preset value, close the solenoid valve of the water injection branch in the upper chamber of the diaphragm and check whether the pressure in the pressure vessel has reached the preset value. If it has not reached the preset value, continue to inject water and pressurize.

[0019] S5: When the pressure inside the pressure vessel is detected to reach the preset value, the solenoid valve of the water injection branch of the pressure vessel is closed.

[0020] S6: Turn off the water pump; water injection and pressurization complete.

[0021] While water is injected into the upper chamber of the pressure vessel and pressurizing the diaphragm, air is injected into the lower chamber of the diaphragm for pressurization. The air injection and pressurization process is as follows:

[0022] S7: Detect the initial pressure of the gas cylinder and adjust the pressure regulating valve and flow valve on the gas injection branch to the preset state;

[0023] S8: Start the air compressor, open the solenoid valve of the air injection branch, and pressurize the lower diaphragm chamber with air;

[0024] S9: The pressure sensor detects whether the pressure in the lower chamber of the diaphragm has reached the preset value. If the preset value has not been reached, the gas injection and pressurization will continue.

[0025] S10: If the pressure in the lower chamber of the diaphragm reaches the preset value, then close the solenoid valve of the gas injection branch.

[0026] S11: Air compressor shut down, air injection and pressurization complete;

[0027] After the cavity is pressurized, an underwater high-pressure simulation cover opening and closing experiment is conducted, and data is collected. The specific procedure is as follows:

[0028] S12: Detects the pressure values ​​of the pressure vessel, the upper diaphragm chamber, and the lower diaphragm chamber;

[0029] S13: Start the cover plate opening and closing motor to open the tank cover at the preset speed;

[0030] S14: During the opening and closing of the cover plate, data such as the opening and closing torque of the cover plate, the vibration of the tank cover, the deformation of the diaphragm, the pressure in the upper cavity of the diaphragm and the rebound distance of the sealing ring are collected by the data acquisition card.

[0031] S15: After data collection is complete, close the cover and repeat the cover opening and closing experiment to collect data multiple times.

[0032] S16: After the required number of repeated experiments is met, the cavity is depressurized, and the experiment is completed.

[0033] Beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. This invention, through the coordinated control of the water supply pressurization system and the air supply pressurization system, can precisely adjust the pressure and pressure difference of the pressure vessel, the upper chamber of the diaphragm and the lower chamber of the diaphragm, realistically simulating the underwater high-pressure environment under different water depths (such as deep sea or shallow sea) and complex working conditions, providing high-precision experimental conditions for the reliability verification of the cover plate opening and closing device.

[0035] 2. The system of the present invention integrates monitoring equipment such as pressure sensors, flow meters, and vibration sensors to collect key parameters such as motor torque, cover vibration, cavity pressure, and diaphragm deformation during the opening and closing process of the cover plate in real time. This helps to comprehensively study the dynamic response characteristics of the cover plate opening and closing device and provides data support for optimized design.

[0036] 3. This invention significantly reduces the number of on-site sea trials by simulating the opening and closing process of an underwater high-pressure cover in a laboratory environment, avoiding high deep-sea testing costs and uncontrollable environmental risks, and significantly shortening the development cycle of the cover opening and closing device while reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is the air and water circuit diagram of the underwater high-pressure simulation test system;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the test chamber of the testing system;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a top view of the lid of the experimental chamber.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the test chamber sealing test of the testing system;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a control system block diagram of the underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system;

[0042] Figure 6 This is the experimental flowchart of the underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system.

[0043] Among them, 1-water storage system, 101-water tank, 102 level gauge; 2-water supply pressurization system, 201-first filter, 202-water pump, 203-first pressure sensor, 204-first flow valve, 205-first solenoid valve, 206-first check valve, 207-first flow meter, 208-second pressure sensor, 209-second solenoid valve, 210-third solenoid valve, 211-third pressure sensor, 212-second flow meter, 213-first pressure reducing valve, 214-fourth solenoid valve, 215-water pump; 3-air supply pressurization system, 301-air compressor, 302-second check valve, 303-gas cylinder, 304-first safety valve, 305-fourth pressure sensor. 306-Second filter, 307-Second pressure reducing valve, 308-Second flow valve, 309-Fifth solenoid valve, 310-Third check valve, 311-Second safety valve, 312-Sixth solenoid valve, 313-Third flow meter, 314-Fifth pressure sensor, 4-Experimental chamber, 401-Pressure vessel, 402-Tank cover, 403-Diaphragm upper chamber, 404-Diaphragm, 405-Diaphragm lower chamber, 406-Tank body, 407-Sealing ring, 501-Sixth pressure sensor, 502-Seventh pressure sensor, 503-Strain gauge, 504-Eighth pressure sensor, 505-Acceleration sensor, 506-Cover plate opening and closing motor, 507-Torque sensor, 508-Photoelectric sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] This invention provides an underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a water supply pressurization system 2, an air supply pressurization system 3, an experimental chamber 4, and a control system.

[0046] A water storage system 1 is formed by placing a level gauge 102 in a water tank 101. The water supply and pressurization system 2 includes a water injection branch and a pressure relief branch. The water injection branch includes a pressure vessel water injection branch and a diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch. The pressure vessel water injection branch is connected from right to left to a third solenoid valve 210, a third pressure sensor 211, a second flow meter 212, a first pressure reducing valve 213, a fourth solenoid valve 214, and a water pump 215. The diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch is connected from left to right to a first filter 201, a water pump 202, a first pressure sensor 203, a first flow valve 204, a first solenoid valve 205, a first check valve 206, a first flow meter 207, a second pressure sensor 208, and a second solenoid valve 209. The pressure vessel water injection branch and the diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch are connected in parallel. The pressure relief branch is used to relieve pressure on pressure vessel 401 and diaphragm upper chamber 403 by controlling the solenoid valves on the pressure vessel water injection branch and the diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch.

[0047] The air supply and pressurization system 3 includes an air supply branch and a pressure relief branch. The air supply branch is connected from left to right to the following components: air compressor 301, second check valve 302, gas cylinder 303, second filter 306, second pressure reducing valve 307, second flow valve 308, fifth solenoid valve 309, third check valve 310, second safety valve 311, sixth solenoid valve 312, third flow meter 313, and fifth pressure sensor 314. The gas cylinder 303 is equipped with a first safety valve 304 and a fourth pressure sensor 305. The pressure relief branch releases pressure to the lower diaphragm chamber 405 by controlling the solenoid valves on the air supply branch.

[0048] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the experimental chamber 4 includes a pressure vessel 401, a tank cover 402, an upper diaphragm chamber 403, a diaphragm 404, a lower diaphragm chamber 405, a tank body 406, and a sealing ring 407. The tank body 406 is located inside the pressure vessel 401, and its upper end is sealed by the tank cover. A sealing ring 407 is provided on the mating surface of the two covers, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, the tank cover 402 is opened and closed by a cover opening and closing motor 506, and a torque sensor 507 is mounted on the motor. A sixth pressure sensor 501 is mounted on the inner wall of the pressure vessel 401, a seventh pressure sensor 502 is mounted on the inner wall of the tank 406 and above the diaphragm 404, and an eighth pressure sensor 504 is mounted on the inner wall of the tank 406 and below the diaphragm 404. Strain gauges 503 are mounted on the diaphragm. (See attached diagram) Figure 4 As shown, a photoelectric sensor 508 is installed at the mounting position of the sealing ring.

[0049] As attached Figure 5 As shown, the control system includes a host computer, a data acquisition card, a controller, sensors, and actuators. The host computer sends control signals to the controller and receives and stores the data transmitted by the data acquisition card. The data acquisition card collects data from various sensors and feeds it back to the host computer. The controller receives signals from the host computer and controls the actuators, which include motors, water pumps, air compressors, solenoid valves, pressure regulating valves, and flow valves.

[0050] As attached Figure 6 As shown, the experimental procedure for conducting high-pressure simulation tests on the opening and closing of underwater cover plates using this system includes the following steps:

[0051] 1. Pressure vessel 401 and diaphragm upper chamber 403 are pressurized by water injection.

[0052] First, the water level in the water tank 101 is checked using the level gauge 102. If the water level is too low, water needs to be added to the tank. When the water level meets the requirements, the first flow valve 204, the first solenoid valve 205, the second solenoid valve 209, and the third solenoid valve 210 on the water injection branch are opened to ensure the water injection branch is unobstructed. At the same time, the first pressure reducing valve 213 and the fourth solenoid valve 214 are kept closed. The first flow valve 204 is controlled to a preset value to control the water injection speed. Then, the water pump 202 is started to inject water and pressurize the pressure vessel 401 and the upper chamber of the diaphragm 403.

[0053] During the water injection and pressurization process, since the volume of the diaphragm upper chamber 403 is generally smaller than that of the pressure vessel 401, the diaphragm upper chamber 403 will fill with water first. If water injection continues at this point, the pressure in the diaphragm upper chamber 403 will not rise; all the water will flow into the pressure vessel 401 until it is completely filled. If water injection continues at this point, since the water injection passages of the pressure vessel 401 and the diaphragm upper chamber 403 are connected in parallel, the pressures in both the pressure vessel 401 and the diaphragm upper chamber 403 will rise synchronously.

[0054] The pressure in the pressure vessel 401 and the upper chamber of the diaphragm 403 is monitored by the second pressure sensor 208 and the third pressure sensor 211. Different pressurization strategies should be adopted according to different experimental requirements. For example, if the pressure in the pressure vessel 401 and the upper chamber of the diaphragm 403 is required to be as equal as possible, then when the monitored values ​​of the second pressure sensor 208 and the third pressure sensor 211 reach the preset values, the second solenoid valve 209 and the third solenoid valve 210 are closed simultaneously. If the pressure in the pressure vessel 401 is required to be greater than the pressure in the upper chamber of the diaphragm 403, then when the monitored value of the second pressure sensor 208 reaches the preset value, the second solenoid valve 209 is closed first, while pressurizing the pressure vessel 401 continues until the monitored value of the third pressure sensor 211 reaches the preset value, at which point the third solenoid valve 210 is closed. Subsequently, the water pump 202, the first flow valve 204, and the first solenoid valve 205 should be turned off, and the water injection and pressurization are completed.

[0055] 2. Inject 405 gas into the lower chamber of the diaphragm and pressurize it.

[0056] First, check the pressure in cylinder 303. If there is residual air in cylinder 303, it should be completely emptied before proceeding. Start the air compressor 301 to fill cylinder 303 with air. Adjust the second pressure reducing valve 307 and the second flow valve 308 to their preset values ​​to control the injection pressure and flow rate. After adjustment, observe whether the pressure inside cylinder 303 is higher than the preset value of the second pressure reducing valve 307. When the pressure inside cylinder 303 is high enough, open the fifth solenoid valve 309 to inject air and pressurize the lower diaphragm chamber 405. At this time, the sixth solenoid valve 312 should remain closed. The injection branch is equipped with a first safety valve 304 and a second safety valve 311 to prevent excessive pressure in the pipeline.

[0057] During the gas injection and pressurization process, the pressure in the lower diaphragm chamber 405 is monitored by the fifth pressure sensor 314. It is important to note that water injection and pressurization of the upper diaphragm chamber 403 and gas injection and pressurization of the lower diaphragm chamber 405 should be carried out simultaneously. Since the diaphragm is prone to rupture due to excessive pressure difference, the monitoring values ​​of the second pressure sensor 208 and the fifth pressure sensor 314 should be closely monitored during these processes. When a pressure difference exists between the upper diaphragm chamber 403 and the lower diaphragm chamber 405, the first flow valve 204 or the second flow valve 308 should be adjusted to regulate the water and gas injection rates, thereby reducing the pressure difference.

[0058] When the monitoring value of the fifth pressure sensor 314 reaches the preset value, the fifth solenoid valve 309 and the air compressor 301 are closed, and the air injection and pressurization are completed.

[0059] 3. Conduct cover opening and closing tests.

[0060] First, the pressure in the pressurized pressure vessel 401, the upper diaphragm chamber 403, and the lower diaphragm chamber 405 are monitored by the sixth pressure sensor 501, the seventh pressure sensor 502, and the eighth pressure sensor 504, respectively. If the experimental requirements are met, the experiment can continue.

[0061] The cover opening and closing motor 506 is started, causing the tank cover 402 to open slowly at a preset speed. During the opening and closing process, three parameters can be monitored: first, the dynamic characteristics of the tank cover 402, including the opening and closing torque and vibration of the tank cover 402; second, the pressure fluctuation of the cavity and its impact on the diaphragm 404, including the pressure change in the upper cavity 403 of the diaphragm and the deformation of the diaphragm 404; and third, the performance of the sealing ring 407, specifically monitoring the rebound distance of the sealing ring 407.

[0062] The opening and closing torque of the cover plate is monitored by a torque sensor 507 installed on the output shaft of the cover plate opening and closing motor 506; the vibration of the tank cover 402 is monitored by an acceleration sensor 505 arranged on the surface of the tank cover 402; the pressure change of the upper chamber 403 of the diaphragm is monitored by a seventh pressure sensor 502 installed in the upper chamber 403 of the diaphragm; the deformation of the diaphragm 40 is monitored by a strain gauge 503 arranged on the diaphragm 404; and the rebound distance of the sealing ring 407 is monitored by a photoelectric sensor 508 pre-embedded next to the sealing ring 407.

[0063] All data collected by the sensors is transmitted to the host computer via a data acquisition card and stored. The cover opening and closing experiment is repeated, and multiple measurements are taken to ensure data reliability. It should be noted that the preset pressure environment will be broken after the cover is opened and closed. Therefore, before repeating the cover opening and closing experiment, the tank cover 402 needs to be closed first, and the pressure environment of the experiment needs to be repressurized.

[0064] 4. Depressurization of the experimental apparatus

[0065] After the experiment, the device needs to be depressurized. When depressurizing the pressure vessel 401 and the upper chamber of the diaphragm 403, keep the first solenoid valve 205 closed, set the first pressure reducing valve 213 to a suitable pressure value to prevent high-pressure water from gushing out, and open the fourth solenoid valve 214 to keep the depressurization branch unobstructed. Then, open the second solenoid valve 209 and the third solenoid valve 210, and start the water pump 215 to allow the water in the pressure vessel 401 and the upper chamber of the diaphragm 403 to flow back into the water tank. When the flow rate detected by the first flow meter 207 and the second flow meter 212 is zero, the depressurization is complete.

[0066] When the lower diaphragm chamber 405 is depressurized, the fifth solenoid valve 309 remains closed, and the sixth solenoid valve 312 is opened, allowing the gas in the lower diaphragm chamber 405 to leak naturally to the outside. When the flow rate detected by the third flow meter 313 is zero, the depressurization is complete.

[0067] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure simulation test system for opening and closing underwater cover plates, characterized in that, Includes a water supply pressurization system, a gas supply pressurization system, a control system, and an experimental chamber; The water supply and pressurization system injects water and pressurizes the pressure vessel and the upper chamber of the diaphragm, while the air supply and pressurization system pressurizes the lower chamber of the diaphragm. When the pressure in the pressure vessel, the upper chamber of the diaphragm, and the lower chamber of the diaphragm reaches the predetermined pressure, the control system controls the opening of the tank cover of the experimental chamber. At the same time, the control system monitors the changes in motor torque, cover vibration, internal pressure, and diaphragm deformation during the opening and closing of the cover. The experimental chamber includes a pressure vessel, a tank cover, a tank body, a diaphragm, a cover opening and closing motor, and sensors. The tank body is located inside the pressure vessel, and the upper end of the tank body is closed by the tank cover. The tank cover is opened and closed by the cover opening and closing motor. The sensors are installed on the pressure vessel, the tank cover, the tank body, and the diaphragm.

2. The underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply and pressurization system includes a water injection branch and a pressure relief branch. The water injection branch includes a pressure vessel water injection branch and a diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch. The pressure vessel water injection branch and the diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch are individually controlled by solenoid valves. The pressure relief branch releases pressure to the pressure vessel and the diaphragm upper chamber by controlling the solenoid valves on the pressure vessel water injection branch and the diaphragm upper chamber water injection branch.

3. The underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The gas supply and pressurization system includes a gas supply branch and a pressure relief branch. The gas supply branch is equipped with a solenoid valve and a safety valve. The pressure relief branch releases pressure to the lower chamber of the diaphragm by controlling the solenoid valve on the gas supply branch.

4. The underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The sensors include a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, an acceleration sensor, a torque sensor, a photoelectric sensor, and a strain gauge. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the gas or fluid pressure in the pipeline and cavity; the flow sensor is used to monitor the gas or fluid flow rate in the pipeline; the acceleration sensor is used to monitor the vibration of the tank cover when the cover is opened and closed; the torque sensor is used to monitor the torque required for the cover opening and closing motor to drive the tank cover to open; the photoelectric sensor is used to monitor the rebound of the sealing ring during the opening and closing of the cover; and the strain gauge is used to monitor the deformation of the diaphragm during the opening and closing of the cover.

5. The underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The control system includes a host computer, a data acquisition card, a controller, sensors, and actuators. The host computer sends control signals to the controller and receives and stores the data transmitted by the data acquisition card. The data acquisition card collects data from various sensors and feeds it back to the host computer. The controller receives signals from the host computer and controls the actuators, which include motors, water pumps, air compressors, solenoid valves, pressure regulating valves, and flow valves.

6. The underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The photoelectric sensor is arranged next to the tank sealing ring. An installation hole is machined next to the tank sealing groove, and the photoelectric sensor is embedded in the installation hole. The photoelectric sensor obtains the rebound of the sealing ring by monitoring the change in distance between the lower wall of the tank cover and the upper wall of the tank, combined with the pressure change in the upper cavity of the diaphragm.

7. The underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The testing process of the underwater cover plate opening and closing high-pressure simulation test system includes water injection and pressurization in the pressure vessel and the upper chamber of the diaphragm, and air injection and pressurization in the lower chamber of the diaphragm. The water injection and pressurization process is as follows: S1: The water tank level gauge detects the water level in the tank. If the water level is too low, water needs to be added. S2: The solenoid valve of the water injection branch is opened, and the water pump is started to inject water and pressurize the pressure vessel and the upper chamber of the diaphragm at the same time; S3: The pressure sensor detects whether the pressure in the upper chamber of the diaphragm has reached the preset value. If the preset value has not been reached, water injection and pressurization continue. S4: If the pressure in the upper chamber of the diaphragm reaches the preset value, close the solenoid valve of the water injection branch in the upper chamber of the diaphragm and check whether the pressure in the pressure vessel has reached the preset value. If it has not reached the preset value, continue to inject water and pressurize. S5: When the pressure inside the pressure vessel is detected to reach the preset value, the solenoid valve of the water injection branch of the pressure vessel is closed. S6: Turn off the water pump; water injection and pressurization complete. While water is injected into the upper chamber of the pressure vessel and pressurizing the diaphragm, air is injected into the lower chamber of the diaphragm for pressurization. The air injection and pressurization process is as follows: S7: Detect the initial pressure of the gas cylinder and adjust the pressure regulating valve and flow valve on the gas injection branch to the preset state; S8: Start the air compressor, open the solenoid valve of the air injection branch, and pressurize the lower diaphragm chamber with air; S9: The pressure sensor detects whether the pressure in the lower chamber of the diaphragm has reached the preset value. If the preset value has not been reached, the gas injection and pressurization will continue. S10: If the pressure in the lower chamber of the diaphragm reaches the preset value, then close the solenoid valve of the gas injection branch. S11: Air compressor shut down, air injection and pressurization complete; After the cavity is pressurized, an underwater high-pressure simulation cover opening and closing experiment is conducted, and data is collected. The specific procedure is as follows: S12: Detects the pressure values ​​of the pressure vessel, the upper diaphragm chamber, and the lower diaphragm chamber; S13: Start the cover plate opening and closing motor to open the tank cover at the preset speed; S14: During the opening and closing of the cover plate, data such as the opening and closing torque of the cover plate, the vibration of the tank cover, the deformation of the diaphragm, the pressure in the upper cavity of the diaphragm and the rebound distance of the sealing ring are collected by the data acquisition card. S15: After data collection is complete, close the cover and repeat the cover opening and closing experiment to collect data multiple times. S16: After the required number of repeated experiments is met, the cavity is depressurized, and the experiment is completed.

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