Self-water-drawing ecological regreening structure for rock slope and construction method of self-water-drawing ecological regreening structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rock slope restoration, and provides a self-water-drawing ecological greening structure for a rock slope and a construction method of the self-water-drawing ecological greening structure. The invention discloses a self-water-drawing ecological regreening structure for a rock slope. The self-water-drawing ecological regreening structure comprises the rock slope, a self-water-drawing vegetation block, plant seedlings and rivets, wherein the self-water-drawing vegetation block is prepared from rock wool, a vegetation soil matrix, a simple nutrition box and a crack water-drawing strip. The self-water-drawing greening structure is mainly made of rock wool blocks, the rock wool blocks are light and not limited by terrains, rock wool fibers are loose and porous (the porosity is as high as 90% or above), moisture can be effectively adsorbed, air flow around the root system can be guaranteed, and the rock wool blocks are good in integrity, cannot be washed and damaged by rainwater, are high in water retention capacity and can store a large number of nutrients. The vegetation soil matrix is prepared from clayey loam, diatomite, perlite, crushed straw, coco coir, plant seeds, a water-retaining agent, a 0.1% polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution and a plant growth nutrient solution. The crack water drawing strip is composed of modified hydrophilic cotton (SAP composite), a galvanized iron sheet and temperature-sensitive hydrogel (PNIPAM). According to the method, multiple technologies are integrated, and the ecological target of long-term greening of the high and steep rock slope can be achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a self-watering green structure for rock slope and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the field of environmental geotechnical engineering construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous deepening of mineral resources development, its economic engine effect is significant, but also gives birth to complex ecological and environmental challenges. Especially after the stone operation is stopped, the high and steep rock slope (slope often exceeds 60°, height more than 15 meters) is left behind, the slope is steep and broken, and there is no step structure. These slopes have triggered a series of ecological problems: the surface soil loss intensity is 3-5 times that of conventional land, leading to permanent degradation of land function; the plant diversity in the mining area decreases by 62%, and the original vegetation community almost collapses; the runoff sediment content increases sharply in the rainy season, and the annual soil and water loss amount reaches 25,000 tons, inducing landslides and other chain geological disasters.

[0003] In China, slope protection and greening has always been an important issue in environmental geotechnical engineering management. In the field of ecological restoration of rock slope, a composite technology system covering substrate improvement, structure reinforcement and biological engineering has been formed. In order to improve the ecological environment of rock slope, researchers have actively researched and developed more than 20 characteristic technologies such as ecological concrete, planting bag and planting bar technology, integrated with guest soil spraying, microbial repair, vine slope, and ecological lattice, to build a multi-dimensional technology matrix. These technologies provide necessary water and soil conditions for vegetation reconstruction through substrate regulation and nutrient distribution system, thereby promoting plant growth.

[0004] Although the existing green technology can make the rock slope green, the current rock slope green technology has three limitations: some technologies rely on fast-growing herbs to achieve short-term greening, and lack long-term soil fixation ability; traditional guest soil substrate is easy to be cemented and seep, and lacks erosion resistance and fertilizer retention performance; steep slope surface is easy to be eroded due to weak adhesion of base material, causing structural failure; and lacks the function of self-watering. SUMMARY

[0005] The first object of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies exhibited in the above background art, and to provide a self-watering slope ecological green structure suitable for rock slope.

[0006] The second object of the present application is to provide a corresponding construction method for the new rock slope self-watering ecological green structure.

[0007] For the realization of the first object of the present application, the technical solution of the present application is: the structure comprises a rock slope rock wall with fissures, a self-watering plant block and rivets; the rock slope rock wall has fissures with a certain opening width, the dangerous rock of the rock slope rock wall is treated and the rock wall is flattened, and rivets are driven into both sides of the fissure opening of the flattened rock wall; the self-watering plant block is hung on the rock slope rock wall along the fissure path through the rivets, one end of the fissure water strip extends into the fissure, and after the rock self-watering plant block is hung, a polyethylene film is laid, and the self-watering plant block is wrapped with a plant soil medium and a simple nutrient box.

[0008] In the technical solution of the above application, the rock slope rock wall has fissures with a certain opening width; a plurality of rivets need to be installed on the rock wall on both sides of the fissure.

[0009] In the technical solution of the above application, the self-watering plant block needs to be slotted along the long edge of the rock wool block, then the plant soil medium is filled into the rock wool block, the side is perforated, the fissure water strip is connected and fixed, the base is connected at the bottom, and the plant seedlings are planted on the plant soil medium to complete the production of the rock wool plant block.

[0010] In the technical solution of the above application, the plant soil medium comprises clay loam, diatomite, perlite, crushed straw, coconut husk, plant seedlings, plant seeds, water retaining agent, 0.1% polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution and plant growth nutrient solution.

[0011] In the technical solution of the above application, the shape of the self-watering plant block can be cylindrical, quadrangular prism, right quadrangular prism, and the number of side holes can be one, two or more.

[0012] In the technical solution of the above application, the fissure water strip is composed of modified hydrophilic cotton (SAP composite), galvanized iron sheet and temperature-sensitive hydrogel (PNIPAM).

[0013] In the technical solution of the above application, the plant soil medium production steps are as follows.

[0014] Step S1, preparing water retaining agent: take 100-150 parts of superabsorbent resin and add to 250-500 parts of water, put into a blender, slowly stir at 10-100℃ for 20 minutes, and make the superabsorbent resin fully absorb water.

[0015] Step S2, preparing the plant-growing soil matrix: put 800-1000 parts of clay loam, 50-90 parts of diatomite, 150-250 parts of perlite, 100-150 parts of crushed straw, 100-200 parts of coconut coir, 80-100 parts of plant seeds, 50-100 parts of 0.1% polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution, water-retaining agent, and 50-100 parts of diluted 500 times plant growth nutrient solution into a blender, add water and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a well-mixed plant-growing soil matrix.

[0016] Preferably, the particle size of the perlite is between 2-5 mm; the particle size of the crushed straw is between 1-2.5 cm; and the length of the coconut coir is between 5-10 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the coconut coir needs to be washed with fresh water for more than 3 times to remove the natural salt content; if compressed coconut coir bricks are used, they need to be drained to a semi-dry state (water content of 30%-40%) after rehydration before being crushed.

[0018] Preferably, the plant seeds are one or more of Paspalum notatum, Bidens pilosa, Sedum lineare, Cynodon dactylon, and Sedum sarmentosum.

[0019] Preferably, the plant seedlings are one or more of Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Menispermum dauricum, Iris lactea, and Lespedeza.

[0020] With the above technical solution, diatomite, as a natural biogenic siliceous sediment, has unique advantages in soil improvement. Its porous honeycomb structure can improve soil permeability, and through its super water absorption capacity, it forms a water regulation network to improve soil water holding capacity. Diatomite is rich in silicon, calcium, magnesium, and other elements, among which bioactive silicon can enhance the strength of plant cell walls, making the plant lodging resistance improved. Its rich surface silicon hydroxyl groups have strong adsorption properties, which can fix free heavy metal ions in the soil and improve the aggregate structure through cation exchange capacity, reducing the soil bulk density. The unique nanoscale pores can release fertilizer nutrients and improve nutrient utilization. The sharp edges of diatomite particles can also physically block more than 60% of underground pests, forming a natural pest barrier.

[0021] With the above technical scheme, as a natural inorganic material, perlite has unique advantages in soil improvement. Its honeycomb porous structure can greatly improve soil permeability, and has excellent drainage capacity, which can quickly drain water in rainy days and effectively prevent root rot caused by waterlogging. Perlite can absorb 2-3 times the weight of water, intelligently control soil humidity, reduce water evaporation by 38%, and stabilize soil pH to 6.5-7.5. The porous surface can adsorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, increase the utilization rate of fertilizer by 25% through adsorption of nutrients, and reduce the soil hardening rate from 75% to 12%. The light weight is suitable for high-altitude greening, low energy consumption production and biodegradable, and the porous structure can block 60% of soil-borne diseases. Combined with drip irrigation, water saving is 40%, and the survival rate of transplanted plants is 97%. The above advantages help to form a good soil environment and promote the healthy growth of plants.

[0022] With the above technical scheme, the crushed straw can effectively improve the physical structure of the soil, and improve the air permeability and water permeability by increasing the porosity. Its porous property can absorb water to enhance the soil conservation capacity in drought, and reduce the water evaporation loss. During the decomposition process, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements are gradually released, directly supplementing the soil nutrient bank, while improving the organic matter content and promoting the formation of soil aggregate structure. The abundant carbon source material provides energy for microbial proliferation, so that the activity of beneficial bacteria such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphorus-dissolving bacteria is improved, the organic matter mineralization rate is accelerated, and the nutrient cycling efficiency is improved. The application of straw particle improvement technology can realize the resource utilization of agricultural waste, reduce more than 80% of straw burning pollution, and reduce the emission of air pollutants such as PM2.5.

[0023] With the above technical scheme, coconut coir, as a natural organic substrate processed from coconut shells, has significant advantages in soil improvement. Coconut coir is porous and has a fibrous network structure that can increase soil porosity; it can improve soil aeration, prevent soil compaction, and promote plant root respiration and growth. Coconut coir has strong water holding capacity and can form a water buffer system, reducing irrigation demand and effectively maintaining soil moisture. Coconut coir contains lignin and cellulose, which are slow-release carbon sources, and continuously releases potassium and manganese during decomposition, increasing soil organic matter content. Its fibrous surface has high cation exchange capacity and can fix more than 85% of soluble nutrients, and its anti-compaction property reduces soil bulk density and improves aggregate structure. The semi-decomposed fibers of coconut coir provide an ideal habitat for microorganisms, promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as actinomycetes.

[0024] To achieve the second object of the present application, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: the construction method of the rock slope self-suction water ecological re-greening structure is characterized in that the technical scheme provided is as follows.

[0025] Step S1, first detect the rock slope, remove existing dangerous rocks and hidden dangerous rocks, and then perform leveling treatment on the rock slope.

[0026] Step S2, rivets are driven on both sides of the fissure mouth of the rock slope.

[0027] Step S3, the self-watering plant block is hung on the rock wall along the fissure by the rivets on the rock wall, and one end of the fissure water pumping strip is inserted into the fissure.

[0028] Step S4, the polyethylene film is laid on the self-watering plant block through the rivets, and is fixed by the iron wire.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages.

[0030] (1) The rock slope self-watering ecological green structure provided by the present application can be used in high and steep rock slope with high slope.

[0031] (2) The rock slope self-watering ecological green structure provided by the present application has simple construction technology, and the structure can be assembled and installed without complex construction.

[0032] (3) The rock slope self-watering ecological green structure provided by the present application has good water retention effect, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, and can resist rainwater erosion and be not damaged.

[0033] (4) The rock slope self-watering ecological green structure provided by the present application can capture liquid water and gaseous water in the fissure by itself, and supply the water to the plants growing in the plant block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 , Figure 2 is a schematic view of the rock slope self-watering ecological green structure of the present application.

[0035] Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 is a schematic view of the self-watering plant block of the present application.

[0036] Figure 6 , Figure 7 is a schematic view of the fissure water pumping strip of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The implementation of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. However, the description only describes some examples of the present application, and does not include all examples of the present application, which do not constitute a limitation on the present application, but only serve as examples of the present application, and are only intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present application in more detail.

[0038] As shown in the drawings, the self-watering ecological green structure of rock slope is characterized in that: the structure comprises a rock slope (1) with fissures, a self-watering planting block (2), a plant seedling (3) and a rivet (4); the rock slope (1) has fissures on the rock wall, and the rock wall is leveled and the rivet (4) is punched into the leveled rock wall; the self-watering planting block (2) is fixed on the rock wall (1) with fissures through the rivet (4), and a polyethylene film (5) is laid on the self-watering planting block (2); the self-watering planting block (2) is wrapped with a planting soil medium and a simple nutrient box, and the plant seedling (3) is planted in the self-watering planting block (2).

[0039] The rock wall of the rock slope has fissures with a certain width (0.5 cm-1.0 cm), and a plurality of rivets (4) are installed on the fissures.

[0040] The self-watering planting block (2) needs to be vertically slotted along the long edge of the rock wool block (21), and then the side is perforated to be connected with the fissure water absorption strip (22); the simple nutrient box (23) is put into the rock wool block, and then the planting soil medium (24) is filled, and the base (25) is connected at the bottom to complete the manufacturing of the self-watering rock wool block (2).

[0041] The self-watering planting block can be in the shape of a cylinder, a quadrangular prism or a regular quadrangular prism, and the number of perforations on one side can be one, two or more.

[0042] The planting soil medium (24) comprises clay loam, diatomite, perlite, crushed straw, coconut husk, plant seedling, plant seed, water retaining agent, polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution and plant growth nutrient solution.

[0043] The fissure water absorption strip (22) comprises modified hydrophilic cotton (SAP composite) (221), galvanized iron sheet (222) and temperature-sensitive hydrogel (PNIPAM) (223).

[0044] Example 1

[0045] First, the water retaining agent is configured, 100 parts of superabsorbent resin are added to 400 parts of water, and put into a blender, slowly stirred at 10-100℃ for 20 minutes, so that the superabsorbent resin is fully watered.

[0046] Then, the planting soil medium is prepared: 1000 parts of clay loam are crushed, 50 parts of diatomite, 250 parts of perlite, 150 parts of crushed straw and 100 parts of plant seeds are added, and after simple mixing, put into a blender, while stirring, evenly sprinkle 80 parts of 0.1% polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution, then evenly sprinkle 200 parts of treated coconut husk into the blender, then add 100 parts of water and stir for 5 minutes, then add the dispersed water retaining agent and 50 parts of diluted 500 times plant growth nutrient solution and stir for 5 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed planting soil medium.

[0047] Then, the fissure water pumping strip is made: taking galvanized iron sheet, roughening the surface, cutting into strip shape, the width is 6 cm, the length is 100 cm; taking a strip, bending along the middle line of the long side, welding and fixing the long side of another galvanized iron sheet at the bending part to form an arrow-shaped skeleton; placing and fixing a modified hydrophilic cotton strip (SAP composite) with a diameter of 0.5 cm and a length consistent with the galvanized iron sheet at the bending part, fixing a group of temperature-sensitive hydrogel (PNIPAM) at one end to obtain the fissure water pumping strip.

[0048] Finally, the self-water-pumping plant-growing block is made: taking a cylindrical rock wool with a bottom diameter of 14 cm and a height of 40 cm, opening a cylindrical slot with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 35 cm at the center along the height direction, placing a simple nutrient box with the same diameter and a height of 5 cm, filling it with diluted 500 times plant nutrient solution, connecting it with the soil by the water guide cotton strip; opening two holes at different heights on the side to allow the fissure water pumping strip to extend into, filling the prepared plant-growing soil medium to 3 cm from the opening, transplanting a plant seedling, simply sealing with polyethylene film and reserving air holes; installing a rivet base on one side of the opening to complete the self-water-pumping plant-growing block.

[0049] The construction technology steps of the self-water-pumping ecological green structure are as follows: first, detecting the rock slope, removing existing and hidden dangerous rocks, and then leveling the rock slope; driving rivets on both sides of the rock slope fissure; using the rivets on the rock wall, hanging the prepared self-water-pumping plant-growing block on the rock wall along the fissure, and extending one end of the fissure water pumping strip into the fissure; through the rivets, laying polyethylene film outside the self-water-pumping plant-growing block and fixing it with iron wire.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] First, the water-retaining agent is configured: 100 parts of superabsorbent resin are added to 400 parts of water, and the mixture is placed in a blender and slowly stirred at 10-100°C for 20 minutes to allow the superabsorbent resin to fully absorb water.

[0052] Then, the plant-growing soil medium is prepared: 1000 parts of clay soil are pounded and scattered, 70 parts of diatomite, 250 parts of perlite, 150 parts of crushed straw, and 100 parts of plant seeds are added, and after simple stirring and mixing, the mixture is placed in a blender and stirred while evenly sprinkling 80 parts of 0.1% polyacrylamide (PAM) solution. Then, 200 parts of treated coconut husk are evenly sprinkled into the blender, and after adding 100 parts of water and stirring for 5 minutes, the water-retaining agent and 80 parts of diluted 500 times plant growth nutrient solution are added and stirred for 5 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed plant-growing soil medium.

[0053] Then, the fissure water pumping strip is made: taking the galvanized iron sheet, roughening the surface, cutting into a strip with a width of 6 cm and a length of 100 cm; taking a strip and bending along the middle line of the long side, welding the bending part and the long side of another strip to form an arrow-shaped skeleton; placing and fixing a modified hydrophilic cotton strip (SAP composite) with a diameter of 0.5 cm and a length consistent with the galvanized iron sheet at the bending part, fixing a group of temperature-sensitive hydrogel (PNIPAM) at one end to obtain the fissure water pumping strip.

[0054] Finally, the self-watering plant growth block is made: taking a right quadrangular prism-shaped rock wool with a bottom side length of 14 cm and a height of 40 cm, opening a cylindrical slot with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 35 cm at the center along the height direction, placing a simple nutrient box with the same diameter and a height of 5 cm, filling it with diluted 500 times plant nutrient solution, connecting it with the soil by the water guide cotton strip; opening two holes at different heights of the side to allow the fissure water pumping strip to extend into, filling the prepared plant growth soil medium to 3 cm from the opening, transplanting a plant seedling, simply sealing with a polyethylene film and reserving a ventilation hole; installing a rivet base on one side of the opening to complete the self-watering plant growth block.

[0055] The construction technical steps of the self-watering ecological green structure are as follows: first, detecting the rock slope, removing the existing dangerous rock and hidden dangerous rock, then leveling the rock slope; driving rivets on both sides of the rock slope fissure; using the rivets on the rock wall, hanging the prepared self-watering plant growth block on the rock wall along the fissure, extending one end of the fissure water pumping strip into the fissure; spreading a polyethylene film outside the self-watering plant growth block through the rivets and fixing it with a wire.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] First, the water-retaining agent is prepared: taking 100 parts of superabsorbent resin and adding it to 400 parts of water, putting it into a blender, slowly stirring at 10-100°C for 20 minutes to make the superabsorbent resin fully absorb water.

[0058] Then, the plant growth soil medium is prepared: smashing 1000 parts of clay soil, adding 90 parts of diatomite, 250 parts of perlite, 150 parts of crushed straw and 100 parts of plant seeds, simply stirring and mixing, then putting it into a blender, stirring while uniformly sprinkling 80 parts of 0.1% polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution, then uniformly sprinkling 200 parts of treated coconut husk into the blender, adding 100 parts of water and stirring for 5 minutes, then adding the dispersed water-retaining agent and 100 parts of diluted 500 times plant growth nutrient solution and stirring for 5 minutes to obtain the uniformly mixed plant growth soil medium.

[0059] Then, the fissure water pumping strip is made: taking the galvanized iron sheet, the surface is roughened, cutting into strip, the width is 6 cm, the length is 100 cm; taking a strip along the long edge middle line is bent, and the long edge of another strip is welded at the bending place, forming an arrow-shaped skeleton; the bending place is placed and fixed with a modified hydrophilic cotton strip (SAP composite) with a diameter of 0.5 cm and a length consistent with the galvanized iron sheet, a group of temperature-sensitive hydrogel (PNIPAM) is fixed at one end, and the fissure water pumping strip is obtained.

[0060] Finally, the self-water-pumping plant-growing block is made: taking a right quadrangular prism-shaped rock wool with a bottom surface side length of 14 cm and a height of 40 cm, a cylindrical slot with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 35 cm is opened at the center along the height direction, a simple nutrient box with the same diameter and a height of 5 cm is placed, and the inside is filled with diluted 500 times of plant nutrient solution, which is connected with the soil by the water guide cotton strip; three holes are opened at different heights of the side edge for the fissure water pumping strip to extend into, the prepared plant-growing soil medium is filled to 3 cm from the opening, a plant seedling is transplanted, and a polyethylene film is simply sealed with a ventilation hole reserved; a rivet base is installed on one side of the opening, and the self-water-pumping plant-growing block is completed.

[0061] The construction technology steps of the self-water-pumping ecological green recovery structure are as follows: the rock slope is first detected, the existing dangerous rock and hidden dangerous rock are removed, and then the rock slope is leveled; rivets are punched on both sides of the rock slope fissure; the self-water-pumping plant-growing block is hung on the rock wall along the fissure by using the rivets on the rock wall, and one end of the fissure water pumping strip is extended into the fissure; the polyethylene film is laid outside the self-water-pumping plant-growing block through the rivets, and is fixed by using the iron wire.

[0062] The above embodiment is a relatively preferred implementation manner of the present application, in addition, the present application has other implementation approaches. The specific embodiment is only used for explaining the technical scheme of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the implementation system and specific steps of the above embodiment. The replacement and improvement of the above embodiment are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-watering ecological greening structure for rock slopes, characterized by: The structure includes a rock slope with a fissure (1), a self-watering vegetation block (2), a plant seedling (3), and a rivet (4); the rock slope wall (1) has a fissure opening, the dangerous rock of the slope is treated and the rock wall is leveled, and the rivet (4) is driven into the leveled rock wall; the self-watering vegetation block (2) is fixed on the rock slope wall (1) with a fissure through the rivet (4), and then covered with a polyethylene film (5); the self-watering vegetation block (2) is wrapped with a vegetation soil matrix and a simple nutrient box, and planted with a plant seedling (3).

2. The rock slope self-watering ecological greening structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: There should be a crack of a certain width (0.5 cm to 1.0 cm) on the rock slope wall, and a plurality of rivets (4) need to be installed on it.

3. The rock slope self-watering ecological restoration structure according to claim 2 is characterized by: The self-watering vegetation block (2) is mainly composed of a rock wool block (21), vertical grooves are made along the long side of the rock wool block (21), and holes are made on the side to connect with the fissure water-drawing strip (22); a simple nutrient box (23) is placed in the rock wool block, and then filled with a vegetation soil matrix (24), and the bottom is connected to the base (25), thereby completing the production of the self-watering rock wool block (2).

4. The rock slope self-watering ecological restoration structure according to claim 3 is characterized by: The plant growth soil matrix (24) includes clay loam, diatomaceous earth, perlite, crushed straw, coconut husk, plant seedlings, plant seeds, water retaining agent, 0.1% polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution and plant growth nutrient solution.

5. The rock slope self-watering ecological restoration structure according to claim 4 is characterized by: The self-watering vegetation block can be in the shape of a cylinder, a quadrangular prism, or a regular quadrangular prism, and the number of openings on one side can be one, two, or more.

6. The rock slope self-watering ecological restoration structure according to claim 5 is characterized by: The steps for preparing the vegetation soil matrix are as follows: Step S1, preparing a water-retaining agent: taking 100-150 parts of a super absorbent resin and adding it to 250-500 parts of water, placing the mixture into a blender, and slowly stirring for 20 minutes at 10-100° C. to allow the super absorbent resin to fully absorb water; Step S2, preparing a vegetation soil matrix: adding 800-1000 parts of clay loam, 50-90 parts of diatomaceous earth, 150-250 parts of perlite, 100-150 parts of chopped straw, 100-200 parts of coconut coir, 80-100 parts of plant seeds, 50-100 parts of a 0.1% polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution, a water-retaining agent, and 50-100 parts of a 500-fold diluted plant growth nutrient solution into a blender, adding water and stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed vegetation soil matrix.

7. The rock slope self-watering ecological restoration structure according to claim 6 is characterized by: In step S2 of preparing the vegetation soil matrix, the perlite particle size is between 2-5 mm; the chopped straw particle size is between 1-2.5 cm; the coconut coir length is between 5-10 mm; and the plant seeds are one or more of bahia grass, bidens pilosa, sedum, bermudagrass, and creeping sedge.

8. The rock slope self-watering ecological restoration structure according to claim 7 is characterized by: The plant seedlings may be one or more of Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Ficus pumila, Iris ternata, and Lespedeza chinensis.

9. The rock slope self-watering ecological restoration structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crack water-absorbing strip is composed of modified hydrophilic cotton (SAP composite) (221), galvanized iron sheet (222) and thermosensitive hydrogel (PNIPAM) (223).

10. The construction method of the rock slope self-watering ecological greening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, first detect the rock slope (1), remove existing dangerous rocks and hidden dangerous rocks, and then level the rock slope (1); Step S2, drive rivets (4) on both sides of the crack of the rock slope (1); Step S3, use the rivets (4) on the rock wall to hang the prepared self-watering vegetation block (2) on the rock wall along the crack nails, and extend one end of the crack water-drawing strip (22) into the crack; Step S4, use the rivets (4) to lay a polyethylene film (5) on the outside of the self-watering vegetation block and fix it with iron wire.

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