Pruning management method for shortening melon growth period based on plant factory

Abstract

The invention relates to a pruning management method for shortening the growth period of muskmelons based on a plant factory, which comprises the following steps: S1, pruning in a seedling stage: when a fifth true leaf is completely expanded, removing all lateral branches below a third section, pinching at a sixth section of a main vine, and promoting third to fifth sections of sub-vines; light regulation and control are combined; s2, pruning in a vine extension period: retaining one most robust sub-vine in the third to fifth sections, and removing the rest sub-vines; lateral branches containing female flower buds on the sub-vines are reserved, and other lateral branches on the sub-vines are removed; the light intensity is adjusted to be 300 to 400 [mu] mol / (m.s); s3, pruning in a flower and fruit period, and when petals of the female flowers on the grandchild vines turn yellow, performing topping at a position where one true leaf is counted above the flower buds of the female flowers; pollinating when female flowers on all the grandchild vines bloom; after fruit setting, retaining the largest fruit on the grandson vines, removing the other grandson vines, and topping at the 18th section or the 23rd section of the son vines; and the light intensity is adjusted to 200-400 [mu] mol / (m.s). According to the method, a systematic pruning strategy is designed for different growth stages of muskmelons in combination with plant factory environment control parameters, and the growth period of the muskmelons is shortened.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of melon breeding, in particular to a training management method for shortening the growth period of melon based on a plant factory. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a pillar economic crop of facility agriculture, the melon industry is not only related to the income increase of farmers, but also plays a key role in optimizing the regional agricultural economic structure. Its complete industry chain from planting, processing to sales can drive the coordinated development of multiple industries in the upstream and downstream, and has irreplaceable importance in ensuring the supply of agricultural product market and promoting the growth of agricultural economy. However, in the wave of global agricultural technological innovation, the innovation of melon breeding technology is imminent, and its development results directly affect the future of the melon industry in the fierce international competition.

[0003] In order to obtain higher quality melon varieties, breeders often hope to obtain high-quality melon seeds in a shorter time, which requires shortening the growth period of melon as much as possible while ensuring the seed germination rate.

[0004] Artificial light type plant factory has the advantages of high precision control of production environment, high automation and little or no restriction by natural conditions, etc. It is a relatively advanced technology for plant cultivation at present. Applying artificial light type plant factory to melon cultivation can shorten the growth period of melon and realize the year-round, continuous and efficient production of melon.

[0005] A melon soilless cultivation method based on a plant factory is disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN119256951B: by light quality regulation combined with cultivation methods, the total growth period can be shortened to 71.23 days (conventional 131.80 days); Chinese Patent Application No. CN116369184A discloses a melon plus generation breeding method using LED light quality regulation: by regulating the light quality ratio, the plant is promoted to be strong and the flowering node is reduced, and the growth period is shortened to 63 days (seed germination rate 70%); Chinese Patent No. CN114902917B discloses a light regulation method for growing thin-skinned melon in a full-artificial-light utilization type plant factory: the light intensity is adjusted during the growth period, and the total growth period is shortened to 63 days (conventional 88 days).

[0006] The existing melon plant factory technology mainly relies on environmental parameter regulation to shorten the growth period, but ignores the key role of training management: environmental regulation (light, nutrition) can shorten the growth period to a certain extent, but the plant morphology is not optimized by training, resulting in low efficiency of photosynthetic product distribution; the growth stage management is fragmented, and the training is not combined with the growth period (seedling, vine shooting, flower and fruit) dynamically, so the risk of overgrowth is high. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory.

[0008] A first object of the present application is achieved by a pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step S1, pruning in the seedling stage, from the complete unfolding of the 2nd true leaf to the 5th true leaf:

[0010] Operation: when the 5th true leaf is completely unfolded, remove all lateral branches below the 3rd node, pinch the 6th node of the main vine, and promote the 3rd-5th node daughter vines; combine light regulation, light intensity 200-400 μmol / (m 2 ·s), 14-18 hours of light per day;

[0011] Step S2, pruning in the vine stretching stage, from the complete unfolding of the 5th true leaf to the opening of the first male flower:

[0012] Operation: retain the strongest 1 daughter vine at the 3rd-5th node, and remove the rest; retain the lateral branches containing female flower buds on the daughter vines, and remove the rest of the lateral branches on the daughter vines; adjust the light intensity to 300-400 μmol / (m 2 ·s);

[0013] Step S3, pruning in the flowering and fruiting stage, after the opening of the first male flower:

[0014] Operation: when the female flower petals on the granddaughter vines turn yellow, top at 1 true leaf above the female flower bud; pollinate when the female flowers on all granddaughter vines open; after fruit setting, retain the largest 1 fruit on the granddaughter vines, remove the rest, and top at the 18th or 23rd node of the daughter vines; adjust the light intensity to 200-400 μmol / (m 2 ·s).

[0015] A second object of the present application is achieved by a pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step S1, pruning in the seedling stage, from the complete unfolding of the 2nd true leaf to the 5th true leaf:

[0017] Operation: when the 5th true leaf is completely unfolded, remove all lateral branches below the 5th node; combine light regulation, light intensity 200-400 μmol / (m 2 ·s), 14-18 hours of light per day;

[0018] Step S2, pruning in the vine stretching stage, from the complete unfolding of the 5th true leaf to the opening of the first male flower:

[0019] Operation: After the seedlings grow to the 6th fully expanded true leaf, pruning treatment is performed: continue to remove the lateral branches below the 5th node of the main vine, and retain the lateral branches with female flower buds above the 5th node of the main vine; the light intensity is adjusted to 300-400 μmol / (m 2 ·s);

[0020] Step S3, flower and fruit period pruning, after the first male flower opens:

[0021] Operation: When the female flower petals of the daughter vine turn yellow, the daughter vine is topped at 1 leaf above the female flower bud; pollination is performed when the female flowers of all daughter vines open; after fruit setting, the daughter vine with the largest fruit is retained, the remaining daughter vines are removed, and the main vine is topped at the 18th or 23rd node, and the daughter vine is topped at the 18th or 23rd node; the light intensity is adjusted to 200-400 μmol / (m 2 ·s), the nutrient solution is adjusted to an EC value of 1.7 mS / cm and a pH of 6.0.

[0022] Preferably, step S1, seedling stage pruning, the 2nd to 5th fully expanded true leaf:

[0023] Operation: When the 5th true leaf is fully expanded, all lateral branches below the 3rd node are removed, the 6th node of the main vine is pinched, and the 3rd-5th daughter vines are induced to grow; combined with light regulation, the light intensity is 300 μmol / (m 2 ·s), the light quality is red:blue:white=2:2:1, the light illumination is 16 hours, the dark is 8 hours, the nutrient solution has an EC value of 1.3 mS / cm and a pH of 6.0;

[0024] Step S2, vine stretching period pruning, from the 5th fully expanded true leaf to the first male flower opening:

[0025] Operation: The 1st strongest daughter vine at the 3rd-5th node is retained, and the remaining daughter vines are removed; the lateral branches containing female flower buds on the daughter vine are retained, and the remaining lateral branches on the daughter vine are removed; the light intensity is adjusted to 350 μmol / (m 2 ·s), the nutrient solution has an EC value of 1.5 mS / cm and a pH of 6.0;

[0026] Step S3, flower and fruit period pruning, after the first male flower opens:

[0027] Operation: When the female flower petals of the granddaughter vine turn yellow, the granddaughter vine is topped at 1 leaf above the female flower bud; pollination is performed when the female flowers of all granddaughter vines open; after fruit setting, the largest fruit on the granddaughter vine is retained, the remaining granddaughter vines are removed, and the daughter vine is topped at the 18th or 23rd node; the light intensity is adjusted to 300 μmol / (m 2 ·s), the nutrient solution is adjusted to an EC value of 1.7 mS / cm and a pH of 6.0.

[0028] Preferably, step S1, seedling stage pruning, the 2nd to the 5th fully expanded true leaves:

[0029] Operation: when the 5th true leaf is fully expanded, remove all lateral branches below the 5th node; combined with light regulation, light intensity 300 μmol / (m 2 ·s), light quality red: blue: white = 2:2:1, 16 hours of light, 8 hours of darkness, nutrient solution EC value 1.3 mS / cm, pH 6.0;

[0030] Step S2, vine stretching stage pruning, the 5th fully expanded true leaf to the first male flower opening:

[0031] Operation: after the seedlings grow to the 6th fully expanded true leaf, pruning treatment is performed: continue to remove lateral branches below the 5th node of the main vine, and retain lateral branches above the 5th node of the main vine with female flower buds; light intensity is adjusted to 350 μmol / (m 2 ·s), nutrient solution EC value 1.5 mS / cm, pH 6.0;

[0032] Step S3, flowering and fruiting stage pruning, after the first male flower opens:

[0033] Operation: when the female flower petals on the daughter vine turn yellow, top the female flower bud 1 leaf above; pollinate when the female flowers on all daughter vines open; after fruit setting, retain the daughter vine with the largest fruit, remove the remaining daughter vines, and top the main vine at the 18th or 23rd node and the daughter vine at the 18th or 23rd node; adjust the light intensity to 300 μmol / (m 2 ·s), and adjust the nutrient solution to EC value 1.7 mS / cm, pH 6.0.

[0034] Preferably, before step S1, a seedling stage is further included, after the VED seeds of the melon are soaked in warm water, they are placed in a dark environment at 28°C to germinate, and when the seed radicles grow to 1 cm, they are fixed in a seedling tray with soaked sponges, with 1 seed per hole. After adding clean water to the seedling tray for 2 days, add nutrient solution with EC value 1.0 mS / cm and pH 6.0; place the seedling tray in a plant factory, and grow the melon seedlings under the following environmental conditions: temperature 28°C, CO2 concentration 800 ppm, humidity 55%, light intensity 250 μmol / (m 2 ·s), light duration 24 hours, and light quality conditions: red: blue: white = 2:2:1.

[0035] Preferably, step S1, seedling stage: when the seedlings in the seedling tray grow to 2 true leaves, transplant and separate them, and transplant and separate them to a cultivation rack containing nutrient solution for hardening-off, with nutrient solution EC value 1.0 mS / cm and pH 6.0; plant factory environmental conditions: temperature 28°C, CO2 concentration 800 ppm, humidity 55%, light intensity 250 μmol / (m2 • s), 16h light, 8h dark, light quality condition: red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:1 environmental conditions; after 2 days of hardening, the nutrient solution EC value is changed to 1.3 mS / cm, pH 6.0, and the light intensity is changed to 300 μmol / (m 2 • s); day temperature 28-30℃, night temperature 18-20℃.

[0036] Preferably, step S2, vine extension period: day temperature 32℃, night temperature 18℃, CO2 concentration 800ppm, humidity 55%, light 16 hours, dark 8 hours, light quality condition: red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:1.

[0037] Preferably, step S3, flowering and fruiting period: temperature: day temperature 28℃, night temperature 18℃, CO2 concentration 800ppm, humidity 55%, light 16 hours, dark 8 hours, light quality condition: red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:1.

[0038] In summary, the present application combines plant factory environmental control parameters such as light, temperature, and nutrition, and designs a systematic pruning strategy for different growth stages of melon, solving the problem of relying on single environmental regulation and ignoring plant morphology management in the prior art, and achieving the optimization of shortening the growth period of melon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] The specific structure of the present application is given by the following drawings and examples:

[0040] Figure 1 is the germination rate column chart of each embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present application is not limited by the following examples, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical scheme of the present application and the actual situation.

[0042] The present application provides a pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melon based on a plant factory, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step S1, seedling pruning, the 2nd to 5th true leaves are completely unfolded:

[0044] Operation: when the 5th true leaf is completely unfolded, remove all lateral branches below the 3rd node, pinch the 6th node of the main vine, and promote the 3rd-5th node vines; combined with light regulation, light intensity 300 μmol / (m 2 • s), light quality red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:1, light 16 hours, dark 8 hours, nutrient solution EC value 1.3 mS / cm, pH 6.0;

[0045] Step S2, vine extension period pruning, the 5th true leaf is completely unfolded to the first male flower opening:

[0046] Operation: Reserve the 3-5 most robust sub-vines, remove the rest; Reserve the lateral branches containing female flower buds on the sub-vines, remove the rest of the lateral branches on the sub-vines; Adjust the light intensity to 350 μmol / (m 2 ·s), the EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.5 mS / cm, and the pH is 6.0;

[0047] Step S3, flower and fruit stage pruning: after the first male flower opens:

[0048] Operation: When the female flower petals on the grandchild vine turn yellow, top at 1 leaf above the female flower bud; Pollinate when the female flowers on all grandchild vines open; After fruit setting, reserve the largest fruit on the grandchild vine, remove the rest of the grandchild vines, and top at the 18th node of the sub-vine; Adjust the light intensity to 300 μmol / (m 2 ·s), adjust the nutrient solution to an EC value of 1.7 mS / cm, and the pH is 6.0.

[0049] Example 1 Step:

[0050] Seedling: After the VED melon seeds are soaked in warm soup, they are placed in a dark environment at 28°C to germinate. When the seed embryo root is 1 cm long, it is fixed in a seedling tray with soaked sponge, 1 seed per hole. After adding water to the seedling tray for 2 days, add nutrient solution (EC value 1.0 mS / cm, pH 6.0). The seedling tray is placed in a plant factory, and the melon seedlings are grown in an environment with a temperature of 28°C, a CO2 concentration of 800 ppm, a humidity of 55%, a light intensity of 250 μmol / (m 2 ·s), a light duration of 24 hours, and a light quality condition of red:blue:white = 2:2:1;

[0051] Step S1, seedling stage: when the seedlings in the seedling tray grow to 2 true leaves, they are transplanted and divided, and transplanted and divided to a cultivation rack containing nutrient solution for hardening-off. The EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.0 mS / cm, and the pH is 6.0. The plant factory environment conditions are the same as the seedling stage, but the light period condition is changed to 16h light, 8h dark. After 2 days of hardening-off, the EC value of the nutrient solution is changed to 1.3 mS / cm, the pH is 6.0, and the light intensity is changed to 300 μmol / (m 2 ·s); After the seedlings grow to the 5th true leaf, prune the lateral branches below the 5th node of the main vine;

[0052] Step S2, vine stretching stage: plant factory environment conditions: day temperature 32°C, night temperature 18°C, light intensity: 350 μmol / (m 2• s), nutrient solution EC value: 1.5 ± 0.2 mS / cm, nutrient solution pH value, environmental humidity, photoperiod, CO2concentration: consistent with the seedling period; after the seedlings grow to the 6th fully expanded true leaf, pruning treatment is performed: continue to remove the lateral branches below the 5th node of the main vine, and retain the lateral branches above the 5th node of the main vine with female flower buds.

[0053] Step S3, flowering and fruiting period: when the female flower petals on the daughter vine turn yellow, topping is performed at the 1st true leaf above the female flower bud; pollination is performed when the female flowers on all daughter vines open; after fruit setting, the daughter vine with the largest developing fruit is retained, the remaining daughter vines are removed, and topping is performed at the 23rd node of the main vine; the plant factory environmental conditions: temperature: day temperature 28°C, night temperature 18°C, light intensity: 300 μmol / (m 2 • s), nutrient solution EC value: 1.5 ± 0.2 mS / cm, nutrient solution pH value, environmental humidity, photoperiod, CO2concentration: consistent with the seedling period; after the seedlings grow to the 6th fully expanded true leaf, pruning treatment is performed: continue to remove the lateral branches below the 5th node of the main vine, and retain the lateral branches above the 5th node of the main vine with female flower buds.

[0054] Example 2 Step:

[0055] The seedling step is consistent with Example 1;

[0056] Step S1, seedling period: the planting and seedling conditions and pruning method are consistent with Example 1; after the seedlings grow to the 5th fully expanded true leaf, pruning treatment is performed: all lateral branches below the 3rd node of the main vine are removed, the lateral branches at the 3rd-5th nodes of the main vine are retained, and pinching is performed at the 6th node of the main vine;

[0057] Step S2, vine stretching period: the planting conditions are consistent with Example 1; after the lateral branches at the 3rd-5th nodes of the main vine grow, pruning treatment is performed: the strongest 1 lateral branch at the 3rd-5th nodes of the main vine is retained, and the remaining lateral branches are removed; the retained 1 lateral branch serves as a daughter vine, and after the daughter vine elongates, all grand-daughter vines with female flower buds are retained.

[0058] Step S3, flowering and fruiting period: the planting conditions are consistent with Example 1; when the female flower petals on the grand-daughter vine turn yellow, topping is performed at the 1st true leaf above the female flower bud; pollination is performed when the female flowers on all grand-daughter vines open. After fruit setting, the grand-daughter vine with the largest developing fruit is retained, the remaining grand-daughter vines are removed, and topping is performed at the 23rd node of the daughter vine; the plant factory environmental conditions and pruning method remain unchanged until the fruit matures.

[0059] Example 3 Step:

[0060] The seedling step is consistent with Example 1;

[0061] Step S1, seedling period: the planting and seedling conditions and pruning method are consistent with Example 1; after the seedlings grow to the 5th fully expanded true leaf, pruning treatment is performed: all lateral branches below the 3rd node of the main vine are removed, the lateral branches at the 3rd-5th nodes of the main vine are retained, and pinching is performed at the 6th node of the main vine;

[0062] Step S2, vine stretching period: the planting conditions and pruning method are consistent with Example 1;

[0063] Step S3, flowering and fruiting period: the planting conditions are the same as those in Example 1; pollination is performed after the female flowers on the sub-vines bloom, and pruning is performed after the fruits are set: one side branch with the largest fruit development is retained, the remaining side branches are removed, and the main vine is topped at the 18th node; the environmental conditions of the plant factory and the pruning method remain unchanged until the fruits are ripe.

[0064] Example 4 steps:

[0065] The seedling raising steps were the same as those in Example 1;

[0066] Step S1, seedling stage: planting and transplanting, seedling stage planting conditions and pruning methods are the same as in Example 2;

[0067] Step S2, creeper extension period: planting conditions and pruning methods are the same as in Example 2;

[0068] Step S3, Flowering and Fruiting Stage: Planting conditions were consistent with those in Example 1. When the petals of the female flowers on the vines turned yellow, the vines were toppled one true leaf above the bud. Pollination was performed when the female flowers on all vines opened. After fruit set, the vine with the largest fruit was retained, and the remaining vines were removed. The vines were toppled at the 18th node. The plant factory environmental conditions and pruning methods remained unchanged until the fruits ripened.

[0069] Comparative Example Steps:

[0070] After soaking the melon seeds in warm water, VED seeds were placed in a dark environment at 28°C for germination. The germinated seeds were sown in a seedling tray containing a substrate with a ratio of peat: vermiculite:perlite = 3:1:1, sprayed thoroughly with clean water, and then placed in a greenhouse. The pruning and management method was the same as in Example 1, and conventional planting was adopted until the melons matured.

[0071] Table 1: Growth time of key developmental stages of VED melon

[0072]

[0073] Results: Six VED melon plants were planted in all examples and controls. The number of days between each key developmental stage was recorded, and the fruits were harvested when they were ripe. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] After the fruits of all embodiments were ripe and picked, the seeds were taken out to test the germination rate. Figure 1 As shown, the seed germination rate of the comparative example was 96.3%, the seed germination rate of Example 1 was 95.0%, the seed germination rate of Example 2 was 96.0%, the seed germination rate of Example 3 was 95.0%, and the seed germination rate of Example 4 was 96.3%.

[0075] Therefore, it can be seen that, compared with the comparative examples, the total growth period of the examples 1 to 4 is greatly shortened, and the seed germination rate is still comparable to that of the comparative examples, which shows that the method of the examples 1 to 4 is effective.

[0076] The above description is only an example for clearly illustrating the present application, and is not a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. Any obvious changes or variations within the technical solutions of the present application are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Pruning at the seedling stage, until the second to fifth true leaves are fully expanded: Operation: When the fifth true leaf is fully expanded, remove all side branches below the third node, pinch the main vine at the sixth node, and promote the growth of the third to fifth nodes; combine light regulation with a light intensity of 200-400μmol / (m 2 ·s), 14 to 18 hours of sunlight per day; Step S2: Pruning during the vine extension period, from the fifth true leaf fully unfolding to the first male flower opening: Operation: Keep the strongest vine from the 3rd to 5th nodes and remove the others; keep the side branches with female flower buds on the vine and remove the other side branches on the vine; adjust the light intensity to 300-400μmol / (m 2 s); Step S3: Pruning during the flowering and fruiting period, after the first male flower opens: Operation: When the petals of the female flowers on the vine turn yellow, top the bud of the female flower one true leaf above it; pollinate when all the female flowers on the vine are open; after fruiting, keep the largest fruit on the vine, remove the rest of the vines, and top the vine at the 18th or 23rd node; adjust the light intensity to 200-400μmol / (m 2 ·s).

2. A pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Pruning at the seedling stage, until the second to fifth true leaves are fully expanded: Operation: When the fifth true leaf is fully expanded, remove all side branches below the fifth node; combine light regulation with light intensity of 200-400 μmol / (m 2 ·s), 14 to 18 hours of sunlight per day; Step S2: Pruning during the vine extension period, from the fifth true leaf fully unfolding to the first male flower opening: Operation: After the seedlings have grown to the 6th true leaf and are fully expanded, pruning is carried out: continue to remove the side branches below the 5th node of the main vine, and retain the side branches with female flower buds above the 5th node of the main vine; adjust the light intensity to 300-400 μmol / (m 2 s); Step S3: Pruning during the flowering and fruiting period, after the first male flower opens: Operation: When the petals of the female flowers on the sub-vine turn yellow, top the vine one true leaf above the bud of the female flower; pollinate when all the female flowers on the sub-vine are open; after fruiting, keep one sub-vine with the largest fruit development, remove the other sub-vines, and top the main vine at the 18th or 23rd node. And top the sub-vine at the 18th or 23rd node; adjust the light intensity to 200-400μmol / (m 2 ·s), and the nutrient solution was adjusted to an EC value of 1.7 mS / cm and a pH of 6.

0.

3. A pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1: Pruning at the seedling stage, until the second to fifth true leaves are fully expanded: Operation: When the fifth true leaf is fully expanded, remove all side branches below the third node, pinch off the sixth node of the main vine, and promote the growth of the third to fifth nodes of the vine; combine with light regulation, light intensity 300μmol / (m 2 s), light quality red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:1, 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness, nutrient solution EC value 1.3 mS / cm, pH 6.0; Step S2: Pruning during the vine extension period, from the fifth true leaf fully unfolding to the first male flower opening: Operation: Keep the strongest vine from the 3rd to 5th nodes and remove the others; keep the side branches with female flower buds on the vine and remove the other side branches on the vine; adjust the light intensity to 350μmol / (m 2 ·s), nutrient solution EC value 1.5mS / cm, pH 6.0; Step S3: Pruning during the flowering and fruiting period, after the first male flower opens: Procedure: When the petals of the female flowers on the vine turn yellow, top the bud of the female flower one true leaf above it; pollinate when all the female flowers on the vine are open; after fruiting, keep the largest fruit on the vine, remove the rest of the vines, and top the vine at the 18th or 23rd node; adjust the light intensity to 300 μmol / (m 2 ·s), and the nutrient solution was adjusted to an EC value of 1.7 mS / cm and a pH of 6.

0.

4. A pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S1: Pruning at the seedling stage, until the second to fifth true leaves are fully expanded: Operation: When the fifth true leaf is fully expanded, remove all side branches below the fifth node; combine light regulation with a light intensity of 300 μmol / (m 2 s), light quality red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:1, 16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness, nutrient solution EC value 1.3mS / cm, pH 6.0; Step S2: Pruning during the vine extension period, from the fifth true leaf fully unfolding to the first male flower opening: Operation: After the seedlings have grown to the 6th true leaf and are fully expanded, pruning is carried out: continue to remove the side branches below the 5th node of the main vine, and retain the side branches with female flower buds above the 5th node of the main vine; adjust the light intensity to 350μmol / (m 2 ·s), nutrient solution EC value 1.5mS / cm, pH 6.0; Step S3: Pruning during the flowering and fruiting period, after the first male flower opens: Procedure: When the petals of the female flowers on the sub-vine turn yellow, top the vine one true leaf above the bud of the female flower; pollinate when all the female flowers on the sub-vines are open; after fruiting, keep one sub-vine with the largest fruit development, remove the rest of the sub-vines, and top the main vine at the 18th or 23rd node, and top the sub-vine at the 18th or 23rd node; adjust the light intensity to 300μmol / (m 2 ·s), and the nutrient solution was adjusted to an EC value of 1.7 mS / cm and a pH of 6.

0.

5. A pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Before step S1, the method further includes a seedling raising period, wherein the melon seeds are soaked in warm water of VED and placed in a dark environment at 28° C. for germination. When the radicle of the seeds grows to 1 cm, the seeds are fixed in a seedling tray with a soaked sponge, with one seed per hole. After adding clean water to the seedling tray and culturing for 2 days, a nutrient solution with an EC value of 1.0 mS / cm and a pH of 6.0 is added. The seedling tray is placed in a plant factory, and the melon seedlings are kept at a temperature of 28° C., a CO2 concentration of 800 ppm, a humidity of 55%, and a light intensity of 250 μmol / (m 2 s), a photoperiod of 24 h, and light quality conditions of red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:

1.

6. A pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Step S1, seedling stage: when the seedlings grow to 2 true leaves in the seedling tray, they are transplanted and placed on a cultivation rack containing nutrient solution for seedling hardening. The nutrient solution has an EC value of 1.0 mS / cm and a pH of 6.

0. The plant factory environment conditions are temperature 28°C, CO2 concentration 800 ppm, humidity 55%, and light intensity 250 μmol / (m 2 s), 16 h light, 8 h dark, and light quality conditions of red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:

1. After 2 days of seedling acclimatization, the EC value of the nutrient solution was changed to 1.3 mS / cm, pH 6.0, and the light intensity was changed to 300 μmol / (m 2 ·s); daytime temperature 28-30℃, nighttime temperature 18-20℃.

7. A pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Step S2, creeping period: day temperature 32°C, night temperature 18°C, CO2 concentration 800 ppm, humidity 55%, light 16 hours, dark 8 hours, light quality conditions: red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:

1.

8. A pruning management method for shortening the growth period of melons based on a plant factory according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Step S3, flowering and fruiting period: temperature: day temperature 28°C, night temperature 18°C, CO2 concentration 800ppm, humidity 55%, light 16 hours, dark 8 hours, light quality conditions: red light: blue light: white light = 2:2:1.

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