Differential regulation and control method and system for water-salt transfer of mixed matrix tank

Abstract

The invention provides a water-salt transfer differential regulation and control method and system for a mixed matrix tank, and relates to the technical field of crop planting regulation and control, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out matrix performance analysis according to a matrix environment, and obtaining material performance; a mixed matrix groove is constructed based on material performance, a staged irrigation strategy is made to irrigate the mixed matrix groove, and crop irrigation is implemented; and performing dynamic water and salt regulation and control according to the crop irrigation process to obtain a substrate tank regulation and control strategy. According to the application, the technical problem that the stability of the crop rhizosphere water-salt environment and the continuity and high efficiency of crop growth are further influenced due to lack of a water-salt migration differential regulation mechanism and layered matrix structure design in the prior art can be solved, and the construction of a clear water-salt path based on a multi-layer functional matrix material is realized; and a dynamic irrigation regulation and control strategy is combined to realize the technical target of accurate matching of water and salt input and water and salt demand states of crops, so that the technical effects of inhibiting local salt damage and reducing water waste are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of crop planting regulation, and particularly relates to a water salt transport differential regulation method and system of a mixed substrate groove. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, substrate cultivation as a soil replacement cultivation method is widely used in facility agriculture. Common substrates such as coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite, humus soil and the like can provide support, water and part of nutrient sources for crops, and have certain air permeability and salt discharge capacity.

[0003] At present, most of the existing substrate cultivation systems adopt single material or simple mixed structure, lack of stratified control design for water salt transport characteristics, resulting in unclear water salt migration path in the substrate groove, lagging regulation response, and easy occurrence of local salt damage, crop root rot and the like. At the same time, the current irrigation strategy is often quantitative and timed irrigation, ignoring the changes of water salt demand under different crop growth stages and different climate conditions, and the irrigation flow and frequency cannot dynamically match the crop water and salt demand characteristics, further aggravating water waste and salt accumulation.

[0004] In summary, in the prior art, due to the lack of water salt transport differential regulation mechanism and stratified substrate structure design, the water salt migration path in the cultivation substrate is disordered, the regulation precision is insufficient, and the stability of the crop rhizosphere water salt environment and the sustainability and efficiency of crop growth are further affected. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a water salt transport differential regulation method and system of a mixed substrate groove, to solve the technical problem in the prior art that due to the lack of water salt transport differential regulation mechanism and stratified substrate structure design, the water salt migration path in the cultivation substrate is disordered, the regulation precision is insufficient, and the stability of the crop rhizosphere water salt environment and the sustainability and efficiency of crop growth are further affected.

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a water salt transport differential regulation method and system of a mixed substrate groove.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a water salt transport differential regulation method of a mixed substrate groove, which is realized by a water salt transport differential regulation system of a mixed substrate groove, comprising: performing substrate performance analysis according to a substrate environment to obtain material performance; constructing a mixed substrate groove based on the material performance, and formulating a stage-by-stage irrigation strategy to irrigate the mixed substrate groove and implement crop irrigation; and performing dynamic water salt regulation according to the crop irrigation process to obtain a substrate groove regulation strategy.

[0008] Preferably, the method further comprises: measuring the water quality, wherein the water quality measurement indicators include salt content, conductivity and pH; detecting the initial conditions of the soil according to the soil parameters; screening the substrate materials according to the water quality and the initial conditions of the soil parameters, and determining the material performance.

[0009] Preferably, the method further comprises: constructing a layered substrate tank structure, filling the substrate materials according to the material performance, and building a mixed substrate tank; planting crops in the mixed substrate tank; generating the irrigation strategy according to the crops, and irrigating the crops based on the irrigation strategy.

[0010] Preferably, the method further comprises: the mixed substrate tank comprises a root zone, a salt-resistant zone and a salt-removal zone, the root zone is used for water retention and root protection, the salt-resistant zone is used for salt absorption and blockage, and the salt-removal zone is used for salt drainage.

[0011] Preferably, the method further comprises: arranging auxiliary structures for the mixed substrate tank; introducing a negative pressure salt-removal mechanism, and assisting in salt removal through the auxiliary structures.

[0012] Preferably, the method further comprises: setting monitoring points for the mixed substrate tank, collecting water-salt distribution data, generating water-salt transport state characteristics, and controlling the substrate materials based on the water-salt transport state characteristics to obtain the substrate tank control strategy.

[0013] Preferably, the method further comprises: establishing a response model of climate-crop-water-salt, the response model is constructed based on historical meteorological data and water-salt sensitivity of crops; dynamically adjusting the material composition ratio of the mixed substrate tank according to the response model, adjusting the irrigation flow and frequency for crop irrigation, and obtaining the substrate tank control strategy.

[0014] Preferably, the method further comprises: based on the response model, identifying water-salt stress risk by combining the water-salt distribution control data in the mixed substrate tank; and dynamically optimizing the configuration of the substrate materials according to the identification results.

[0015] Preferably, the method further comprises: performing aging performance evaluation on the substrate materials to obtain performance changes; and performing periodic recombination of the substrate materials based on the performance changes to obtain the substrate tank control strategy.

[0016] In a second aspect, the application also provides a water-salt transport differential regulation system of a mixed substrate tank, which is used to execute the water-salt transport differential regulation method of a mixed substrate tank as described in the first aspect, and comprises: a substrate performance analysis module, which is used to perform substrate performance analysis according to a substrate environment to obtain material performance; a mixed substrate tank construction module, which is used to construct a mixed substrate tank based on the material performance, and to formulate a staged irrigation strategy to irrigate the mixed substrate tank and implement crop irrigation; and a water-salt regulation module, which is used to perform dynamic water-salt regulation according to the crop irrigation process to obtain a substrate tank regulation strategy.

[0017] The technical solutions provided in the application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: the technical solutions achieve the technical goal of constructing a mixed substrate tank system with clear water-salt paths and sensitive responses based on multi-layer functional substrate materials, and combining dynamic irrigation regulation strategies to achieve precise matching of water-salt input and crop water and salt requirements, thereby achieving the technical effects of inhibiting local salt damage, reducing water waste, and improving crop yield and quality stability.

[0018] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the application. In order to enable the technical means of the application to be more clearly understood, the following detailed description can be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to enable the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the application to be more apparent and easy to understand, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the application is provided. It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the application. Other features of the application will become apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 The flowchart of the water-salt transport differential regulation method of a mixed substrate tank according to the application.

[0021] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the water-salt transport differential regulation system of a mixed substrate tank according to the application.

[0022] Legend of the drawings: substrate performance analysis module 11, mixed substrate tank construction module 12, water-salt regulation module 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The application provides a water salt transport differential regulation method and system of a mixed substrate tank, solves the technical problems in the prior art that due to the lack of water salt migration differential regulation mechanism and layered substrate structure design, the water salt migration path in the cultivation substrate is disordered, the regulation precision is insufficient, and the stability of the rhizosphere water salt environment of crops and the sustainability and efficiency of crop growth are further affected, achieves the technical goal of constructing a mixed substrate tank system with a clear water salt path and sensitive response based on a multi-layer functional substrate material, and combining a dynamic irrigation regulation strategy to realize accurate matching of water salt input and crop water and salt requirements, and achieves the technical effects of inhibiting local salt damage, reducing water waste, and improving crop yield and quality stability.

[0024] Below, the technical solutions in the application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. It should be understood that the application is not limited by the example embodiments described herein. Based on the embodiments of the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the application. In addition, it should be noted that, for convenience of description, only parts related to the application are shown in the drawings rather than all.

[0025] Embodiment one, please refer to the accompanying Figure 1 The application provides a water salt transport differential regulation method of a mixed substrate tank, applied to a water salt transport differential regulation system of a mixed substrate tank, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0026] S1: performing substrate performance analysis according to a substrate environment to obtain material performance.

[0027] Specifically, the substrate performance analysis is performed according to the environment conditions of the plants, and the physicochemical properties of different substrate materials in the environment are evaluated. The substrate environment includes temperature, humidity, air flow condition, water source, evaporation speed and multiple factors, which affect the water absorption, water drainage, fertilizer retention, air permeability and other abilities of the substrate material.

[0028] Then, the substrate performance analysis is a quantitative or qualitative detection and evaluation of the functional performance of the substrate material in a specific environment, and the physical properties of the substrate performance such as particle size, porosity, moisture absorption, water absorption capacity after drying, and the chemical properties such as slow-release ability, pH stability, salt resistance and the like are analyzed.

[0029] After the environmental analysis and performance determination are completed, the material performance is finally obtained, that is, the key parameters of each candidate substrate material under the current planting conditions are determined. Through comparison of the material performance, the substrate combination that is most beneficial to water salt balance regulation in the current planting environment can be selected.

[0030] S2: Constructing a mixed matrix tank based on the material properties, and formulating a phased irrigation strategy to irrigate the mixed matrix tank, and implementing crop irrigation.

[0031] Specifically, the mixed matrix tank is constructed based on the material properties, such as water retention, air permeability, ion exchange capacity and structural stability, and reasonably combined according to functional requirements to form a layered cultivation medium system. The construction process usually includes material selection, thickness design, layer filling and other operations. For example, coconut coir has strong water retention and can be used in the root zone, zeolite has salt absorption function and is suitable for salt blocking area, and coarse sand has fast drainage and can be set in the salt discharge area. Through scientific combination, different materials play their respective strengths between layers, and realize the orderly regulation of water and salt migration.

[0032] According to the changes of water and salt requirements of crops at different growth stages, a targeted irrigation plan is designed to ensure that crops can obtain suitable water and salt environment at each stage. The phased irrigation strategy includes seedling stage, vegetative growth stage, flowering stage, fruiting stage, etc. The irrigation amount, frequency, time and water quality parameters of different stages need to be adjusted. According to the set rhythm and mode, water is poured to implement crop irrigation, which can be realized by drip irrigation, infiltration irrigation or automatic control irrigation system. Not only directly affects the water supply of plants, but also determines the migration path and enrichment degree of salt in the matrix tank, thereby indirectly affects the health and yield of crops.

[0033] S3: Dynamic water and salt regulation according to the crop irrigation process to obtain the matrix tank regulation strategy.

[0034] Specifically, according to the crop irrigation process, dynamic water and salt regulation is carried out, and real-time irrigation data and monitoring feedback information are combined to adjust the input and output of water and salt to adapt to the water and salt requirements of crops at different growth stages, to obtain the matrix tank regulation strategy, and form the decision rules for adjusting the internal structure of the mixed matrix tank and irrigation control, so as to realize precise regulation.

[0035] Further, the application also includes: measuring the water quality of the water supply, wherein the water quality measurement indexes include salt content, conductivity and pH; detecting the initial condition of the soil according to the soil parameters; selecting the matrix material according to the water quality of the water supply and the initial condition of the soil parameters, and determining the material properties.

[0036] Specifically, measuring the water quality of the water supply means that the quality of the irrigation water is detected in detail before the crop is planted or the matrix is configured. In the water quality measurement indexes, the salt content is the total amount of dissolved salt in the water; the conductivity represents the ion concentration in the water, which is an index to judge the electrolyte concentration and salt level in the water; the pH is a parameter to represent the acidity and alkalinity of the water.

[0037] Next, the initial condition of the soil is detected according to the soil parameters to obtain the basic state of the current planting site. The soil parameters include the soil texture type (such as sandy soil, loam, clay), salt content, water content, organic matter content, etc. The soil parameters can reveal the adsorption, conduction and buffering capacity of the soil itself to water and salt.

[0038] Subsequently, according to the detection results of the water quality and the initial condition of the soil, the matrix material is selected, and the performance of the selected material is determined. The matrix material is an artificial or natural medium used to construct different functional layers in the planting tank, such as coconut husk, perlite, vermiculite, etc. The water retention, air permeability and salt resistance of different materials are different. When selecting the matrix material, the salt content of the water and the risk of salt accumulation in the soil are considered comprehensively, and the matrix material that can ensure water supply for plants and control salt accumulation is selected. Table 1 shows part of the records of the last matrix material selection and performance determination.

[0039] Table 1: Part of the records of the last matrix material selection and performance determination

[0040]

[0041] Further, the application also includes: constructing a layered matrix tank structure, filling the matrix material according to the performance of the material, and building a mixed matrix tank; planting crops in the mixed matrix tank; generating the stage-by-stage irrigation strategy according to the crops, and irrigating the crops based on the stage-by-stage irrigation strategy.

[0042] Specifically, according to the different needs of crop roots for water and salt, the matrix tank is divided into multiple layers with complementary functions, a layered matrix tank structure is constructed, including a root zone, a salt-resistant zone and a salt-removal zone. The root zone is close to the plant roots and plays a role in water retention and oxygen supply, requiring the matrix material to have good water retention and air permeability; the salt-resistant zone is located below the root zone and is used to adsorb and block the upward movement of salt in water to prevent salt damage; the salt-removal zone is located in the lowermost layer and is responsible for removing excess salt downward to maintain the stability of the matrix environment.

[0043] Subsequently, the matrix material is filled according to the performance of the material, and the matrix material is filled into different layers according to the performance indicators such as water absorption, salt removal, pressure resistance, etc. For example, coconut husk has good water absorption and can be used in the root zone; zeolite has strong salt adsorption capacity and can be used in the salt-resistant zone; and coarse sand or gravel has strong water permeability and is suitable for use in the salt-removal zone. The selection and thickness of each matrix material should be adjusted according to the crop water requirement period, regional climate characteristics and irrigation method to ensure that water stays in the appropriate area and salt is effectively intercepted and removed.

[0044] Then, the crops are planted in the constructed mixed substrate tank, and the target crops are directly planted in the filled layered tank. By matching the root length and root zone thickness, the root system is mainly distributed in the layer with good water retention and air permeability, and the planting density is reasonable, which is beneficial to the uniformity and responsiveness of subsequent water and salt regulation.

[0045] Then, according to the crop generation stage irrigation strategy, a differentiated irrigation scheme is formulated according to the sensitivity, water absorption efficiency and salt tolerance of the target crop at different growth stages. For example, the crop needs low water during the seedling stage, and the salt tolerance is poor, and the irrigation amount should be small and the frequency should be high; while in the vigorous growth period, the water requirement increases, and the salt is more resistant, at this time the irrigation amount can be increased; to the maturity period, the irrigation should be reduced to promote quality improvement. The stage irrigation not only improves the water use efficiency, but also effectively cooperates with the substrate layering structure to realize the water and salt separation control.

[0046] Finally, based on the stage irrigation strategy, the crops are actually irrigated, and the water is sent to the target layer by means of drip irrigation, micro-spraying or capillary seepage irrigation, etc., which not only guarantees the water use of crops, but also avoids the salt upward migration or root oxygen deficiency caused by excessive irrigation.

[0047] Further, the application also includes: the mixed substrate tank includes a root zone, a salt blocking zone and a salt discharge zone, the root zone is used for water retention and root protection, the salt blocking zone is used for salt adsorption and blocking, and the salt discharge zone is used for salt discharge.

[0048] Specifically, the mixed substrate tank includes a root zone, a salt blocking zone and a salt discharge zone, each layer has a specific function, and is scientifically configured according to the crop root distribution rule and water and salt migration characteristics. The root zone is the main distribution area of plant roots, located in the uppermost layer of the tank body, and requires good water retention, air permeability and structural stability to maintain healthy root growth. The salt blocking zone is arranged below the root zone and is used to form a salt barrier, which functions to adsorb, intercept or delay the upward transmission of salt with water, so as to avoid direct contact of the root system with high-concentration salt. The salt discharge zone is located in the lowermost layer and is used to collect and discharge the salt water solution entering the bottom of the tank, thereby maintaining the dynamic balance of salt in the whole system.

[0049] The root zone is used for water retention and root protection, and needs to use substrate materials with strong water retention capacity and good ventilation performance, such as coconut husk, peat or humus soil, etc., which can quickly absorb and store water after irrigation, and at the same time provide oxygen for the root system to prevent root oxygen deficiency and rot caused by water accumulation.

[0050] The salt blocking zone is used for salt adsorption and blocking, which means that the main task of the salt blocking zone is to physically adsorb, ion exchange or slow-release intercept the dissolved salt ions in water. Common materials include zeolite, bentonite or biochar, etc., which have strong cation exchange capacity and can effectively adsorb sodium, calcium, magnesium and other ions to prevent them from moving upward into the root zone.

[0051] The salt discharge area is used for salt discharge, indicating that the bottom layer structure should have high water permeability and low salt retention characteristics. Common materials such as coarse sand, gravel or ceramic particles allow salt to move downward by gravity and negative pressure mechanism, and are discharged outside the system through the set drainage holes, negative pressure suction device and other means, thereby preventing salt accumulation in the tank body and causing long-term stress to plants.

[0052] Further, the application also includes: arranging auxiliary structures for the mixed substrate tank; introducing a negative pressure salt discharge mechanism to assist in salt discharge through the auxiliary structures.

[0053] Specifically, auxiliary structures are arranged for the mixed substrate tank to improve salt discharge efficiency and improve water and salt control accuracy. Auxiliary structures can include underground pipes, capillary permeation pipes, liquid discharge channels, vacuum suction pipes or bottom plates with liquid guide holes, etc. Auxiliary structures do not directly participate in plant growth, but play a key role in regulating water and salt distribution in the substrate. The position and method of arrangement need to be combined with the structural characteristics of the tank body and the salt discharge path setting. Generally, it is set at the bottom of the salt discharge area or its connected side wall to facilitate the rapid discharge of excess salt with water flow.

[0054] The negative pressure salt discharge mechanism is introduced to assist in salt discharge through the auxiliary structures, which utilizes the principle of negative pressure to form a low-pressure environment from the bottom of the substrate tank or the pipeline, thereby absorbing high-salt water from the substrate and reducing the salt concentration in the root zone and the salt-blocking area. Negative pressure salt discharge is usually achieved through a vacuum pump, a siphon device or a capillary negative pressure core. Compared with natural gravity filtration, negative pressure mechanism can concentrate salt discharge in a specific time period, improving salt discharge efficiency, especially suitable for cultivation environments with high water quality salt, fast evaporation or frequent salt discharge requirements.

[0055] Further, the application also includes: setting monitoring points for the mixed substrate tank, collecting water and salt distribution data, and generating water and salt transfer motion state characteristics; based on the water and salt transfer motion state characteristics, the substrate material is controlled to obtain the substrate tank control strategy.

[0056] Specifically, monitoring points are arranged for the mixed substrate tank, and water and salt monitoring devices are arranged at different levels or key areas of the substrate tank to obtain real-time data such as water content and salt content at each position inside the tank body. The monitoring points include conductivity sensors, soil moisture sensors and temperature sensors, and are arranged at positions such as the middle of the root zone, the interface of the salt-blocking area, the outlet of the salt discharge area, etc., which can form a sensing network in space dimension. By periodically collecting data, the vertical migration path, speed and accumulation trend of water and salt in the tank body can be determined.

[0057] Collecting water and salt distribution data, generating water and salt transfer state characteristics, analyzing and modeling the data collected at multiple time points and multiple spatial points, so as to reveal the movement law of water and salt in the mixed substrate under different irrigation, evaporation, crop absorption and other conditions. The water and salt transfer state characteristics include water migration speed, salt upward movement risk, salt removal efficiency and other indicators, which are used as a dynamic response model of the substrate environment.

[0058] Based on the water and salt transfer state characteristics, the water and salt regulation effect of the current substrate structure is evaluated, and the material composition or structure ratio is adjusted to optimize the water and salt distribution. The regulation measures may include replacing part of the substrate material, increasing the thickness of the salt absorption layer, adjusting the material ratio of each layer or resetting the irrigation scheme, obtaining the substrate tank regulation strategy, including structure optimization, material replacement and irrigation adjustment, etc. to guide the continuous operation and maintenance of the mixed substrate tank in the future planting period.

[0059] Further, the application also includes: establishing a climate-crop-water-salt response model, the response model is constructed based on historical meteorological data and the water-salt sensitivity of crops; dynamically adjusting the material composition ratio of the mixed substrate tank according to the response model, adjusting the irrigation flow and frequency for crop irrigation, obtaining the substrate tank regulation strategy.

[0060] Specifically, the response model of climate-crop-water-salt can reflect the mathematical or logical model of the interaction law among climate factors, crop characteristics and water-salt environment. The response model is constructed based on historical meteorological data and the water-salt sensitivity of crops. Historical meteorological data includes temperature, humidity, precipitation, radiation and wind speed and other multi-year cumulative records, which can reflect the seasonal and extreme weather change trend in a certain area. The water-salt sensitivity of crops refers to the tolerance of different crops to water and salt changes at different growth stages, for example, wheat is sensitive to salt at the seedling stage, and tomato needs more water at the fruit swelling stage. Through comprehensive analysis, the response model can predict the response of a certain crop to water and salt under specific climate conditions.

[0061] According to the response model, the material composition ratio of the mixed substrate tank is dynamically adjusted, and according to the water and salt demand and environmental risk prediction results given by the response model, the combination ratio of various functional substrate materials in the substrate tank is adjusted. The material composition ratio includes the volume or mass ratio of different materials such as coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite and zeolite, and the purpose of adjustment is to strengthen the water retention, salt resistance or salt removal ability.

[0062] Adjusting the irrigation flow and frequency for crop irrigation, according to the model to judge the actual water demand and salt tolerance of crops, and reasonably arranging the water amount and irrigation time interval of each irrigation in the irrigation process. Flow adjustment can accurately control the root zone humidity, and frequency adjustment can help to avoid salt accumulation on the surface due to water evaporation.

[0063] By dynamically adjusting the formation of targeted structure configuration and management measures as the implementation scheme for guiding the actual planting operation, a substrate tank regulation strategy is obtained, including a material ratio table, an irrigation parameter table under different weather conditions, a water and salt distribution monitoring point layout, etc., to facilitate the planting management personnel to quickly respond according to the external environmental changes.

[0064] Further, the application further comprises: identifying water and salt stress risk based on the response model and combining water and salt distribution regulation data in the mixed substrate tank; and dynamically optimizing the substrate material configuration according to the identification result.

[0065] Specifically, based on the response model and combining the water and salt distribution regulation data in the mixed substrate tank, the water and salt stress risk is identified, and the water and salt distribution data of each region in the mixed substrate tank are read in real time, so as to judge whether there is a stress condition that has an adverse effect on crops. The response model is a tool for predicting the water and salt change law under different climate and crop conditions, and the water and salt distribution regulation data include the water content and salt content at different depths in the root zone, salt-resistant zone and salt-draining zone obtained by sensors, artificial measurement or model calculation.

[0066] After identifying the water and salt stress risk, the use ratio or replenishment strategy of different materials in the mixed substrate tank is adjusted in time according to the stress type and severity, so as to enhance the regulation ability of a certain functional region. Dynamic optimization means that this adjustment is not fixed, but flexible response with time and environmental changes. The substrate material configuration generally refers to the collocation combination of water-retaining materials such as coconut husk, salt-resistant materials such as zeolite, and hydrophobic salt-conducting materials such as coarse sand.

[0067] Further, the application further comprises: aging performance evaluation of the substrate material to obtain performance changes; and periodic substrate material recombination based on the performance changes to obtain the substrate tank regulation strategy.

[0068] Specifically, the aging performance evaluation of the substrate material is performed to obtain the performance changes, and the physical and chemical properties of each type of substrate material used in the mixed substrate tank during long-term operation are tracked and detected regularly to master the performance degradation of the material with time. The aging performance evaluation includes the measurement of indicators such as water-retaining capacity, air permeability, structural stability, and salt adsorption capacity of the substrate material. For example, the water-retaining rate of coconut husk may decrease from 500 milliliters of water per kilogram of material to 300 milliliters after 6 months of use, and the porosity decreases, affecting the root aeration; or the cation exchange capacity of zeolite decreases from the original 100 milligrams per gram to 60 milligrams per gram due to long-term adsorption of sodium ions. Through comparative analysis of the performance changes, the aging trend and actual performance change of the material can be quantified.

[0069] According to the aging performance evaluation results, the material structure in the mixed substrate tank is adjusted locally or as a whole after a certain period (for example, every 6 months or every planting season) to restore its functionality and adapt to the growth needs of the current crop. Material reorganization includes replacing some of the failed materials in a layer, changing the ratio of substrates in different areas, introducing new materials to enhance functionality, etc. For example, after detecting that the zeolite in the salt blocking area is saturated with salt absorption, it can be replaced with a new batch of ceramic or fly ash-based composite materials with stronger adsorption capacity; when the root zone coconut fiber agglomeration leads to a decrease in aeration, 20% of perlite can be added to enhance permeability. The control strategy refers to a complete set of specific implementation plans for material replacement frequency, update ratio, layout position, etc. according to the aging evaluation results.

[0070] In summary, the water-salt transport differential regulation method of the mixed substrate tank provided by the present application has the following technical effects: by constructing a mixed substrate tank system with clear water-salt path and sensitive response based on multi-layer functional substrate materials, and combining dynamic irrigation control strategies to achieve precise matching of water-salt input and crop water-salt demand, the technical effects of inhibiting local salt damage, reducing water waste, and improving crop yield and quality stability are achieved.

[0071] In summary, the water-salt transport differential regulation method of the mixed substrate tank provided by the present application has the following technical effects: by constructing a mixed substrate tank system with clear water-salt path and sensitive response based on multi-layer functional substrate materials, and combining dynamic irrigation control strategies to achieve precise matching of water-salt input and crop water-salt demand, the technical effects of inhibiting local salt damage, reducing water waste, and improving crop yield and quality stability are achieved. Figure 2 , including: a substrate performance analysis module 11 for analyzing substrate performance based on substrate environment to obtain material performance; a mixed substrate tank construction module 12 for constructing a mixed substrate tank based on the material performance and developing a staged irrigation strategy to irrigate the mixed substrate tank for crop irrigation; and a water-salt regulation module 13 for dynamically regulating water-salt based on crop irrigation process to obtain a substrate tank regulation strategy.

[0072] Further, the water-salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank is also used to measure water quality, wherein the water quality measurement indicators include salt content, electrical conductivity and pH; detect soil initial conditions based on soil parameters; and screen substrate materials based on the water quality and the soil parameter initial conditions to determine material performance.

[0073] Further, the water-salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank is also used to construct a layered substrate tank structure, fill the substrate materials based on the material performance, and build a mixed substrate tank; plant crops in the mixed substrate tank; and develop the staged irrigation strategy based on the crops and perform crop irrigation based on the staged irrigation strategy.

[0074] Further, the water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank is also used for: the mixed substrate tank comprises a root zone, a salt blocking zone and a salt discharge zone, the root zone is used for water retention and root protection, the salt blocking zone is used for salt absorption and blocking, and the salt discharge zone is used for salt discharge.

[0075] Further, the water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank is also used for: the mixed substrate tank comprises a root zone, a salt blocking zone and a salt discharge zone, the root zone is used for water retention and root protection, the salt blocking zone is used for salt absorption and blocking, and the salt discharge zone is used for salt discharge.

[0076] Further, the water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank is also used for: the mixed substrate tank comprises a root zone, a salt blocking zone and a salt discharge zone, the root zone is used for water retention and root protection, the salt blocking zone is used for salt absorption and blocking, and the salt discharge zone is used for salt discharge.

[0077] Further, the water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank is also used for: the mixed substrate tank comprises a root zone, a salt blocking zone and a salt discharge zone, the root zone is used for water retention and root protection, the salt blocking zone is used for salt absorption and blocking, and the salt discharge zone is used for salt discharge.

[0078] Further, the water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank is also used for: the mixed substrate tank comprises a root zone, a salt blocking zone and a salt discharge zone, the root zone is used for water retention and root protection, the salt blocking zone is used for salt absorption and blocking, and the salt discharge zone is used for salt discharge.

[0079] Further, the water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank is also used for: the mixed substrate tank comprises a root zone, a salt blocking zone and a salt discharge zone, the root zone is used for water retention and root protection, the salt blocking zone is used for salt absorption and blocking, and the salt discharge zone is used for salt discharge.

[0080] The embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank in the foregoing embodiment one is also applicable to the water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank in the present embodiment. The water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank in the present embodiment can be clearly understood by the person skilled in the art through the foregoing detailed description of the water and salt transport differential regulation method of the mixed substrate tank. Therefore, for the sake of brevity of the specification, the water and salt transport differential regulation system of the mixed substrate tank is not described in detail herein.

[0081] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to make or use the application. Numerous modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0082] It will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art that varying substitutions and modifications can be made to the application disclosed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the application. Moreover, it is the intent that all such variations and modifications be considered as falling within the scope of the application, and that the application be limited only by the definitions contained in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for differential regulation of water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank, characterized in that: include: Analyze matrix properties according to matrix environment to obtain material properties; constructing a mixed matrix trough based on the material properties, formulating a phased irrigation strategy to irrigate the mixed matrix trough, and implementing crop irrigation; Dynamic water and salt regulation is performed according to the crop irrigation process to obtain the substrate trough regulation strategy.

2. The method for differentially regulating water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank according to claim 1, wherein: Analyze matrix properties based on the matrix environment to obtain material properties, including: Measuring water supply quality, including salinity, conductivity, and pH; Detecting initial soil conditions based on soil parameters; The matrix material is selected according to the water quality of the supply water and the initial conditions of the soil parameters, and the material properties are measured.

3. The method for differentially regulating water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank according to claim 2, wherein: A mixed matrix trough is constructed based on the material properties, and a phased irrigation strategy is formulated to irrigate the mixed matrix trough, and crop irrigation is implemented, including: Constructing a layered matrix tank structure, filling the matrix material in combination with the material properties, and building a mixed matrix tank; Planting crops in the mixed matrix tank; The phased irrigation strategy is generated according to the crop, and crop irrigation is performed based on the phased irrigation strategy.

4. The method for differentially regulating water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank according to claim 1, wherein: The mixed matrix tank includes a root zone, a salt blocking zone and a salt drainage zone. The root zone is used for retaining water and protecting roots, the salt blocking zone is used for blocking salt absorption, and the salt drainage zone is used for guiding and draining salt.

5. The method for differentially regulating water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixed matrix tank further comprises: Arranging an auxiliary structure on the mixed matrix tank; A negative pressure salt removal mechanism is introduced to assist in salt removal through the auxiliary structure.

6. The method for differentially regulating water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank according to claim 1, wherein: Dynamic water and salt regulation is performed according to the crop irrigation process, and the matrix tank regulation strategy is obtained, including: Setting monitoring points on the mixed matrix tank to collect water and salt distribution data and generate water and salt transport dynamic characteristics; The matrix material is regulated based on the dynamic characteristics of water and salt transport to obtain the matrix tank regulation strategy.

7. The method for differentially regulating water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank according to claim 6, wherein: The matrix material is regulated based on the water and salt transport dynamic characteristics to obtain the matrix tank regulation strategy, including: Establish a climate-crop-water-salt response model based on historical meteorological data and crop water-salt sensitivity; The material composition ratio of the mixed matrix tank is dynamically adjusted according to the response model, and the irrigation flow rate and frequency are adjusted to irrigate the crops, so as to obtain the matrix tank regulation strategy.

8. The method for differentially regulating water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank according to claim 7, wherein: Dynamically adjusting the material composition ratio of the mixed matrix tank according to the response model includes: Based on the response model and in combination with the water-salt distribution control data in the mixed matrix tank, identifying water-salt stress risks; Based on the identification results, the matrix material configuration is dynamically optimized.

9. The method for differentially regulating water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank according to claim 6, wherein: The matrix material is regulated based on the water and salt transport dynamic characteristics to obtain the matrix tank regulation strategy, further comprising: Performing aging performance evaluation on the matrix material to obtain performance changes; Based on the performance changes, the matrix material is periodically reorganized to obtain the matrix groove control strategy.

10. A water-salt transport differential regulation system for a mixed matrix tank, characterized in that: The steps for implementing the method for differential regulation of water and salt transport in a mixed matrix tank according to any one of claims 1 to 9 include: Matrix performance analysis module, used to analyze matrix performance according to matrix environment and obtain material properties; A mixed matrix trough construction module is used to construct a mixed matrix trough based on the material properties, formulate a phased irrigation strategy to irrigate the mixed matrix trough, and implement crop irrigation; The water and salt control module is used to dynamically control water and salt according to the crop irrigation process and obtain the substrate trough control strategy.

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