Space experiment sample observation mechanism, space experiment device and fluid physics experiment cabinet

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of space experimental sample observation mechanism, space experimental device and fluid physics experiment cabinet, space experimental sample observation mechanism includes plug connector, sample sleeve and first heating sheet, first heating sheet is arranged on sample sleeve, one end of sample sleeve is fixed on the back side of plug connector, and the other end of sample sleeve is provided with sample clamping part;Sample clamping part includes upper side open circular arc sample clamping piece, bottom connecting piece and cylindrical sample clamping piece, sample sleeve, circular arc sample clamping piece and cylindrical sample clamping piece are coaxially arranged, sample sleeve, circular arc sample clamping piece, bottom connecting piece and cylindrical sample clamping piece are sequentially connected, circular arc sample clamping piece and the bottom of cylindrical sample clamping piece are connected and fixed by bottom connecting piece, sample observation interval is reserved between circular arc sample clamping piece and cylindrical sample clamping piece, and sample observation opening position is set on the side wall of cylindrical sample clamping piece, which penetrates along the direction perpendicular to its own axis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of space fluid science experiments, specifically to a space experimental sample observation mechanism, a space experimental device, and a fluid physics experimental cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-liquid phase transition (SLT) is a widespread natural phenomenon with broad applications in renewable energy thermal storage, thermal management of new energy vehicles, industrial waste heat utilization, and aerospace engineering. In aerospace engineering, SLT is a core technology for addressing the temporal, spatial, and intensity inconsistencies in heat load under extreme high and low temperature alternating environments in space. However, the low power density of existing space SLT technologies restricts the development of high-power energy utilization and thermal management technologies in space, such as those for deep space exploration spacecraft, long-term space missions, and space-based directed energy weapons. Existing bottlenecks limiting power density include: low thermal conductivity of phase change materials, high thermal resistance during non-contact melting, and non-uniform solidification.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this research focuses on the scientific question of "the microscopic mechanism and structural construction methods of high thermal conductivity and low viscosity nanocomposite phase change materials adapted to microgravity environments." Utilizing the "complex fluid module" within the "fluid physics experimental cabinet," this research investigates the dispersion and aggregation behavior of nanocomposite phase change materials under space phase change thermal conditions. It analyzes the evolution of the material's microstructure and fundamental thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity and viscosity during microgravity phase change processes, guiding the optimization of phase change material structural construction. Therefore, based on the needs of scientific experiments, there is an urgent need to develop experimental units for nanocomposite phase change materials and related observation mechanisms to provide a microgravity thermal environment for the melting-solidification phase transition and optical testing of nanocomposite phase change materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a space experimental sample observation mechanism, a space experimental device, and a fluid physics experimental cabinet.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a space experiment sample observation mechanism, including a connector, a sample sleeve and a first heating element, wherein the first heating element is disposed on the sample sleeve, one end of the sample sleeve is fixed on the back side of the connector, and the other end of the sample sleeve is provided with a sample locking part;

[0006] The sample clamping part includes an arc-shaped sample clamping component with an open upper side, a bottom connector, and a cylindrical sample clamping component. The sample sleeve, the arc-shaped sample clamping component, and the cylindrical sample clamping component are arranged coaxially. The sample sleeve, the arc-shaped sample clamping component, the bottom connector, and the cylindrical sample clamping component are connected in sequence. The bottom of the arc-shaped sample clamping component and the cylindrical sample clamping component are connected and fixed by the bottom connector. A sample observation interval is reserved between the arc-shaped sample clamping component and the cylindrical sample clamping component. A sample observation opening is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical sample clamping component, which extends through the direction perpendicular to its own axis.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The space experimental sample observation mechanism of this invention, when applied in a fluid physics experimental cabinet, can install the nanocomposite phase change material sample to be studied in an arc-shaped sample holder or a cylindrical sample holder. The first heating element can provide a constant temperature environment for the sample, which is used to provide a microgravity thermal environment for optical testing of nanocomposite phase change materials. This is beneficial for studying the solid-liquid phase change process of nanocomposite phase change materials, analyzing the evolution law of the material's microstructure and its basic thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity and viscosity during the microgravity phase change process, and proposing a novel high-power-density space solid-liquid phase change mechanism based on the academic ideas of improving the thermal performance of nanocomposite phase change materials, strengthening the heat and mass transfer of contact melting, and actively controlling dynamic solidification.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0009] Furthermore, the free end of the arc-shaped sample holder is provided with an upward-opening U-shaped limiting member, and a first limiting groove is formed in the U-shaped limiting member that extends through the arc-shaped sample holder along its axial direction.

[0010] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting a U-shaped limiting component, the turbidity analysis sample can be clamped in the first limiting groove, and the turbidity detection device near the sample observation interval position can be used to detect and analyze the turbidity analysis sample.

[0011] Furthermore, a third limiting spring is provided at the opening of the first limiting groove. The third limiting spring has an outwardly convex arc-shaped structure, and the free end of the third limiting spring extends downward.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting a third limiting spring, it is convenient to elastically lock and limit the turbidity analysis sample in the first limiting groove of the U-shaped limiting component.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper side of the bottom connector is provided with a second limiting groove that extends axially along the arc-shaped sample clip, and the second limiting groove is connected to the first limiting groove.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting a second limiting groove, it is convenient to cooperate with the first limiting groove to further limit the bottom of the turbidity analysis sample.

[0015] Furthermore, the end of the cylindrical sample clamping member opposite to the bottom connector is the sample insertion interface. The side wall of the cylindrical sample clamping member near the bottom connector has multiple locking holes. A clamping piece is connected to the inner wall of the locking hole near the sample insertion interface. The clamping piece is adapted to be disposed in the locking hole and can be shifted to the inside or outside of the cylindrical sample clamping member when force is applied. A locking protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the end of the clamping piece away from the sample insertion interface.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: by setting the locking hole and clamping plate, it is convenient to stably limit and lock the light scattering detection sample, and it is convenient to use the sample observation opening to detect the light scattering detection sample.

[0017] Furthermore, the locking hole is an elongated structure parallel to the axis of the cylindrical sample locking component; a limiting protrusion is provided on the inner side wall of the end of the cylindrical sample locking component near the bottom connector, and the limiting protrusion is located between the locking protrusion and the bottom connector;

[0018] The other end of the sample sleeve has two circumferentially spaced limiting protrusions on its outer wall, and the two limiting protrusions form a limiting gap in the circumferential direction. The first heating element has a snap-fit ​​piece that is adapted to be placed in the limiting gap in the axial direction.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting the limiting protrusion, the first heating element is prevented from rotating circumferentially on the outer wall of the sample sleeve.

[0020] Furthermore, the first heating element includes an integrally coaxially connected heating sleeve and heating half-tube. The heating sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the sample sleeve, and the heating half-tube is adapted to wrap around the outer wall of the arc-shaped sample clip.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the sample to be analyzed can be effectively heated by using a heating sleeve and a heating half-tube.

[0022] A space experiment device includes a housing and the aforementioned space experiment sample observation mechanism. The bottom of the connector is slidably connected to the inside of the housing and can be pulled back and forth. The back side of the housing has a through hole for the sample latching part to pass through. When the space experiment sample observation mechanism is installed in the housing, the sample latching part passes through the through hole and is located outside the housing.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The space experimental device of the present invention facilitates the extraction and addition of samples from the shell by sliding the plug-in part inside the shell, and pushes the sample into the shell for testing; the sample clamping part is located outside the shell to facilitate testing using the testing equipment on the back of the shell.

[0024] Furthermore, a temperature control mechanism is provided inside the housing, and a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are respectively provided on the arc-shaped sample holder and the cylindrical sample holder. The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the first heating element are electrically connected to the temperature control mechanism.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting a temperature sensor and a temperature control mechanism, it is convenient to use the first heating element to control the temperature of the arc-shaped sample card connector and the cylindrical sample card connector.

[0026] The fluid physics experimental cabinet includes the aforementioned space experimental device and a cabinet body. The shell is inserted and fixed into the cabinet body from front to back. The back of the cabinet body has detection channels arranged front and back. The portion of the space experimental sample observation mechanism extending from the back of the shell is placed in the detection channels. A turbidity detection device is provided at the entrance of the detection channels. Light scattering detection devices are provided on both sides of the detection channels. The first optical path of the turbidity detection device and the second optical path of the light scattering detection device are both perpendicular to the axis of the detection channels.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the fluid physics experimental cabinet of the present invention can set relevant detection equipment on the back of the interior of the experimental cabinet body, and detect the sample in the sample clamping part of the space experimental sample observation mechanism. The detection position on the back of the interior of the experimental cabinet body can be reached by simply pushing the space experimental sample observation mechanism into the shell, which is very convenient and has high detection accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the space experiment sample observation mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the space experiment sample observation mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the space experiment sample observation mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the space experiment device of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the space experiment device of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the space experiment device of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the shell and the space experimental sample observation mechanism of the present invention within the experimental cabinet body.

[0037] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0038] 100. Shell; 101. Observation mechanism insertion channel;

[0039] 200. Space experiment sample observation mechanism; 201. Connector; 202. Sample sleeve; 203. First heating element; 204. Arc-shaped sample clamping element; 205. Bottom connector; 206. Cylindrical sample clamping element; 207. Sample observation interval; 208. Sample observation opening; 209. U-shaped limiting element; 210. First limiting groove; 211. Third limiting spring; 212. Second limiting groove; 213. Sample insertion interface; 214. Clamping piece; 215. Clamping protrusion; 216. Limiting protrusion; 217. Limiting strip; 218. Clamping piece;

[0040] 500. Experiment cabinet body; 501. First optical path; 502. Second optical path; 503. Guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1-5As shown, the space experiment sample observation mechanism of this embodiment includes a connector 201, a sample sleeve, and a first heating element 203. The first heating element 203 is disposed on the sample sleeve 202. One end of the sample sleeve 202 is fixed to the back side of the connector 201, and the other end of the sample sleeve 202 is provided with a sample locking part. The sample locking part includes an arc-shaped sample locking part 204 with an open upper side, a bottom connector 205, and a cylindrical sample locking part 206. The sample sleeve 202, the arc-shaped sample locking part 204, and the cylindrical sample locking part... The sample card connector 206 is coaxially arranged. The sample sleeve 202, the arc-shaped sample card connector 204, the bottom connector 205 and the cylindrical sample card connector 206 are connected in sequence. The bottom of the arc-shaped sample card connector 204 and the cylindrical sample card connector 206 are connected and fixed by the bottom connector 205. A sample observation interval position 207 is reserved between the arc-shaped sample card connector 204 and the cylindrical sample card connector 206. A sample observation opening position 208 is opened on the side wall of the cylindrical sample card connector 206, which is perpendicular to its own axis.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, the cylindrical sample holder 206 has four sample observation openings 208 on its side wall, and the sample observation openings 208 are arranged in pairs opposite each other for light transmission observation.

[0044] Among them, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the connector 201 in this embodiment is provided with a slide rail on its peripheral sidewall. Specifically, a slide rail parallel to the axial direction of the sample sleeve 202 can be provided at the bottom of the connector 201 to facilitate the insertion and removal of the connector 201 in the housing. The connector 201 has an operating handle on its front panel. The front panel of the connector 201 can be connected and fixed to the front side of the housing by a non-detachable screw.

[0045] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the free end of the arc-shaped sample holder 204 in this embodiment is provided with an upward-facing U-shaped limiting member 209. A first limiting groove 210 is formed within the U-shaped limiting member 209, extending axially along the arc-shaped sample holder 204. By setting the U-shaped limiting member, the turbidity analysis sample can be clamped in the first limiting groove, and the turbidity analysis sample can be detected and analyzed using a turbidity detection device near the sample observation interval.

[0046] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, a third limiting spring 211 is provided at the opening of the first limiting groove 210. The third limiting spring 211 has an outwardly convex arc-shaped structure, and its free end extends downward. By providing the third limiting spring, it is convenient to elastically lock and limit the turbidity analysis sample in the first limiting groove of the U-shaped limiting member.

[0047] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper side of the bottom connector 205 is provided with a second limiting groove 212 that extends axially along the arc-shaped sample clamp 204. The second limiting groove 212 communicates with the first limiting groove 210. By providing the second limiting groove, it is convenient to cooperate with the first limiting groove, further realizing the limiting of the bottom of the turbidity analysis sample.

[0048] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the end of the cylindrical sample clamping member 206 opposite to the bottom connector 205 is a sample insertion interface 213. Multiple locking holes are provided on the side wall of the cylindrical sample clamping member 206 near the bottom connector 205. Clamping pieces 214 are connected to the inner wall of each locking hole near the sample insertion interface 213. The clamping pieces 214 are adapted to be disposed within the locking holes and can shift inwards or outwards from the cylindrical sample clamping member 206 when subjected to force. A locking protrusion 215 is provided on the inner side wall of the end of the clamping piece 214 away from the sample insertion interface 213. By providing locking holes and clamping pieces, it is convenient to stably limit and clamp the light scattering detection sample, and to facilitate the detection of the light scattering detection sample using the sample observation opening.

[0049] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the locking hole in this embodiment is an elongated structure parallel to the axis of the cylindrical sample locking member 206; a limiting protrusion 216 is provided on the inner side wall of one end of the cylindrical sample locking member 206 near the bottom connector 205, and the limiting protrusion 216 is located between the locking protrusion 215 and the bottom connector 205; two circumferentially spaced limiting protrusions 217 are provided on the outer side wall of the other end of the sample sleeve 202, and a limiting gap is formed between the two limiting protrusions 217 in the circumferential direction; the first heating element 203 is provided with a locking piece 218 adapted to be disposed in the limiting gap in the axial direction. By setting the limiting protrusions, the first heating element is prevented from rotating circumferentially on the outer side wall of the sample sleeve. The test sample is inserted into the cylindrical sample locking member 206 through the sample insertion interface 213, and the test sample pushes the clamping piece 214 outward by abutting against the locking protrusion 215, and the clamping piece 214 clamps the test sample. The test sample can be placed against the limiting protrusion 216.

[0050] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the first heating element 203 in this embodiment includes a heating sleeve and a heating half-tube integrally and coaxially connected. The heating sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the sample sleeve 202, and the heating half-tube is adapted to wrap around the outer wall of the arc-shaped sample clip 204. By using the heating sleeve and heating half-tube, the sample to be analyzed can be effectively heated, maintaining the sample temperature at the required detection temperature and keeping the sample in a liquid state, for example, 42℃±1℃.

[0051] The space experimental sample observation mechanism of this embodiment is applied in a fluid physics experimental cabinet. It can install the nanocomposite phase change material sample to be studied in an arc-shaped sample holder or a cylindrical sample holder. The first heating plate can provide a constant temperature environment for the sample, which is used to provide a microgravity thermal environment for optical testing of nanocomposite phase change materials. This is beneficial for studying the solid-liquid phase change process of nanocomposite phase change materials, analyzing the evolution law of the material's microstructure and its basic thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity and viscosity during the microgravity phase change process, and proposing a novel high-power density space solid-liquid phase change mechanism based on the academic ideas of improving the thermal performance of nanocomposite phase change materials, strengthening the heat and mass transfer of contact melting, and actively controlling dynamic solidification.

[0052] like Figures 6-8 As shown, the space experiment apparatus of this embodiment includes a housing 100 and the aforementioned space experiment sample observation mechanism 200. The bottom of the connector 201 is slidably connected to the inside of the housing 100 and is installed inside the housing 100, allowing it to be pulled back and forth. A through hole is provided on the back side of the housing 100 for the sample latching part to pass through. When the space experiment sample observation mechanism 200 is installed inside the housing 100, the sample latching part passes through the through hole and is located outside the housing 100. Figure 6 As shown, both the arc-shaped sample holder 204 and the cylindrical sample holder 206 are located outside the housing 100 to facilitate the testing of samples using the testing equipment on the experimental cabinet.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the housing 100 has an observation mechanism insertion channel 101, in which the space experiment sample observation mechanism 200 can be slidably inserted. The bottom of the observation mechanism insertion channel 101 is provided with a sliding groove extending forward and backward, and the bottom of the space experiment sample observation mechanism 200 is adapted to slide and connect in the sliding groove.

[0054] Furthermore, a temperature control mechanism is provided within the housing 100. A first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are respectively provided on the arc-shaped sample holder 204 and the cylindrical sample holder 206. The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the first heating element 203 are electrically connected to the temperature control mechanism. Specifically, the first temperature sensor can be disposed on the upper surface of the U-shaped limiting member 209, and the second temperature sensor can be disposed on the outer surface of the cylindrical sample holder 206. By providing temperature sensors and a temperature control mechanism, the temperature of the arc-shaped sample holder and the cylindrical sample holder can be easily controlled using the first heating element.

[0055] The temperature control mechanism can be a commercially available constant temperature control mechanism. This embodiment provides an optional temperature control mechanism, including a power board, a main control board, a data acquisition board, and a temperature control board. The power board is electrically connected to the main control board, the data acquisition board, and the temperature control board. The main control board is electrically connected to the data acquisition board and the temperature control board. The data acquisition board is electrically connected to a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, and is used to collect the temperature signals detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor and send them to the temperature control board. The temperature control board is electrically connected to the heating element and, under the control of the main control board, starts the heating element to heat or stops the heating element from working.

[0056] The space experiment device of this embodiment facilitates the addition of samples by sliding the connector inside the shell, and pushes the sample into the shell for testing; the sample latch is located outside the shell to facilitate testing using the testing equipment on the back of the shell.

[0057] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment of a fluid physics experimental cabinet includes the aforementioned space experimental device and an experimental cabinet body 500. The housing 100 is inserted and fixed within the experimental cabinet body 500 from front to back. The back of the experimental cabinet body 500 has a detection channel arranged front to back. A portion of the space experimental sample observation mechanism 200 extending from the back of the housing 100 is placed within the detection channel. A turbidity detection device is located at the entrance of the detection channel, and light scattering detection devices are located on both sides of the detection channel. The first optical path 501 of the turbidity detection device and the second optical path 502 of the light scattering detection device are both perpendicular to the axis of the detection channel. The experimental cabinet body 500 has a guide rail 503 extending front to back. A guide groove is formed at the bottom of the housing 100, and the guide groove is adapted to the guide rail 503 and can slide back and forth along the guide rail 503.

[0058] In this embodiment, both the light scattering detection device and the turbidity detection device can be existing conventional devices capable of performing light scattering detection and turbidity detection.

[0059] The fluid physics experimental cabinet of this embodiment can be equipped with relevant detection devices on the back of the interior of the cabinet body, and can detect the sample in the sample clamping part of the space experimental sample observation mechanism. The detection position on the back of the interior of the cabinet body can be reached by simply pushing the space experimental sample observation mechanism into the shell, which is very convenient and has high detection accuracy.

[0060] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0061] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0062] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0064] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A space experiment apparatus, characterized in that, The microgravity thermal environment for providing optical testing of nanocomposite phase change materials includes a shell and a space experimental sample observation mechanism. The space experimental sample observation mechanism includes a connector, a sample sleeve and a first heating element. The first heating element is disposed on the sample sleeve. One end of the sample sleeve is fixed to the back side of the connector, and the other end of the sample sleeve is provided with a sample locking part. The sample clamping part includes an arc-shaped sample clamping component with an open upper side, a bottom connector, and a cylindrical sample clamping component. The sample sleeve, the arc-shaped sample clamping component, and the cylindrical sample clamping component are arranged coaxially. The sample sleeve, the arc-shaped sample clamping component, the bottom connector, and the cylindrical sample clamping component are connected in sequence. The bottom of the arc-shaped sample clamping component and the cylindrical sample clamping component are connected and fixed by the bottom connector. A sample observation interval is reserved between the arc-shaped sample clamping component and the cylindrical sample clamping component. A sample observation opening is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical sample clamping component, which extends through the direction perpendicular to its own axis. The free end of the arc-shaped sample holder is provided with an upward-opening U-shaped limiting member, and a first limiting groove is formed in the U-shaped limiting member that runs through the axial direction of the arc-shaped sample holder. The end of the cylindrical sample clamping member opposite to the bottom connector is the sample insertion interface. The side wall of the cylindrical sample clamping member near the bottom connector has multiple locking holes. A clamping piece is connected to the inner wall of the locking hole near the sample insertion interface. The clamping piece is adapted to be disposed in the locking hole and can be shifted to the inside or outside of the cylindrical sample clamping member when force is applied. A locking protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the end of the clamping piece away from the sample insertion interface. The bottom of the connector is slidably connected to the inside of the housing and can be pulled back and forth. The back side of the housing has a through hole for the sample latch to pass through. When the space experiment sample observation mechanism is installed in the housing, the sample latch passes through the through hole and is located outside the housing. A third limiting spring is provided at the opening of the first limiting groove. The third limiting spring has an outwardly convex arc-shaped structure, and the free end of the third limiting spring extends downward. The upper side of the bottom connector is provided with a second limiting groove that extends axially along the arc-shaped sample clip, and the second limiting groove is connected to the first limiting groove. The locking hole is an elongated structure parallel to the axis of the cylindrical sample locking component; a limiting protrusion is provided on the inner side wall of the end of the cylindrical sample locking component near the bottom connector, and the limiting protrusion is located between the locking protrusion and the bottom connector; The other end of the sample sleeve is provided with two circumferentially spaced limiting protrusions, and the two limiting protrusions form a limiting gap in the circumferential direction. The first heating element is provided with a snap-fit ​​piece adapted to be placed in the limiting gap in the axial direction. The first heating element includes an integrally coaxially connected heating sleeve and a heating half tube. The heating sleeve is fitted on the outside of the sample sleeve, and the heating half tube is adapted to wrap around the outer wall of the arc-shaped sample clip.

2. The space experiment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is equipped with a temperature control mechanism. The arc-shaped sample holder and the cylindrical sample holder are respectively equipped with a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the first heating element are electrically connected to the temperature control mechanism.

3. A fluid physics experimental cabinet, characterized in that, The device includes the space experiment apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, and further includes an experimental cabinet body. The shell is inserted and fixed into the experimental cabinet body from front to back. The back of the experimental cabinet body has detection channels arranged front and back. The portion of the space experiment sample observation mechanism extending from the back of the shell is placed in the detection channels. A turbidity detection device is provided at the channel opening of the detection channels. Light scattering detection devices are provided on both sides of the detection channels. The first optical path of the turbidity detection device and the second optical path of the light scattering detection device are both arranged perpendicular to the axis of the detection channels.

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