Integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and inner cooling synergistic function

Abstract

The invention discloses an integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and inner cooling synergy functions, which comprises a milling cutter body, and the milling cutter body comprises a milling cutter edge part and a milling cutter handle part; piezoelectric ceramics are arranged inside the milling cutter body, and ceramics meeting cutting requirements are adopted outside the milling cutter body. The piezoelectric ceramic structure comprises a piezoelectric ceramic main body, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic branches are arranged on the part, corresponding to the milling cutter blade part, of the piezoelectric ceramic main body, and a set included angle is formed between the axis of each piezoelectric ceramic branch and the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic main body; two end surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic main body are provided with a polarized positive electrode connection part and a polarized negative electrode connection part, and a channel for a lead to pass through is arranged in the piezoelectric ceramic main body; meanwhile, a cooling channel is arranged in the milling cutter body, and the piezoelectric ceramic structure is surrounded by the cooling channel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of milling machining, and in particular to a light-cured ceramic milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cutting force monitoring of a numerical control machine tool machining process is a key technology for intelligentization of high-end equipment. It can not only adjust the machining of the machine tool according to the actual working condition, improve the productivity and reduce the energy consumption, but also can avoid serious machining accidents caused by tool collision due to human operation errors, and protect the tool, workpiece and personal safety in time. At present, in order to monitor the cutting force of the milling cutter during machining in real time, most of the technical means are to paste force sensors on the tool handle or tool for detection, that is, to measure the cutting force by using an external device, which leads to complex equipment, difficult maintenance and high cost. The traditional force measuring device depends on the cooperation of mechanical parts, and the part wear or gap will cause the indication error, and the maintenance is complex. For example, the desktop force meter can only measure small-sized workpieces, and cannot be directly applied to large-scale mold or complex curved surface machining; the paste process of the resistance strain gage is easily affected by temperature, and the precision decreases in high-temperature environment, and the dynamic characteristics change with the workpiece quality; the integrated spindle sensor increases the additional mass of the spindle system, forms an overhanging structure, and reduces the spindle rigidity and machining stability.

[0003] In addition, the tool needs to be cooled during the machining process, but the tool cooling and cutting force monitoring are independently designed at present. However, the cutting force and cutting temperature of the milling cutter have mutual influence in the actual machining process, the change of the temperature will affect the precision of the force measuring device, and the cutting force has an unnegligible influence on the cutting temperature. If the tool cooling channel and the cutting force monitoring are designed separately, the cutting force detection data will be inaccurate and the temperature control will be inaccurate.

[0004] Therefore, it is particularly important to design a tool with cutting force self-sensing and internal cooling functions. According to the current research status, the ceramic material has high hardness and high chemical stability, and there are few reports on the preparation of new technologies of the complex structure of the whole ceramic milling cutter. The main reason is that the fracture toughness of the ceramic tool is low and is easy to break down. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a whole ceramic milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions, which is beneficial to the reduction of cutting temperature and the reduction of tool wear, can improve the tool life and machining efficiency, and can monitor the milling force change in real time. The milling cutter is prepared by a light-cured additive manufacturing technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a whole milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling collaborative functions, comprising a milling cutter body, wherein the milling cutter body comprises a milling cutter blade part and a milling cutter handle part; characterized in that a piezoelectric ceramic structure is arranged inside the milling cutter body, and an external ceramic satisfying the cutting requirements is adopted; the piezoelectric ceramic structure comprises a piezoelectric ceramic main body, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic branches are arranged on the part of the piezoelectric ceramic main body corresponding to the milling cutter blade part, the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic branches are in contact with the external ceramic of the milling cutter blade part, the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic branch and the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic main body form a set angle, polarization positive and negative connection places are arranged on the two end faces of the piezoelectric ceramic main body, and a channel for passing through a lead wire is arranged inside the piezoelectric ceramic main body; at the same time, a cooling channel is arranged inside the milling cutter body, and the cooling channel surrounds the piezoelectric ceramic structure.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the end face of the piezoelectric ceramic main body is reserved a set distance from the end face of the milling cutter handle part.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the internal cooling liquid channel has a spiral angle of 30-40°, and the channel volume is 10-15% of the volume of the milling cutter.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the piezoelectric ceramic structure is designed with branches at the cutting edge of the milling cutter, the branches adopt a circular truncated cone structure to reduce the peripheral volume ratio, the piezoelectric ceramic branches are four layers and three columns, uniformly surround, improve the sensing accuracy of the change of cutting force, the volume is 2-3% of the volume of the milling cutter, and the strength of the cutter body is avoided to be reduced.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the piezoelectric ceramic structure is 10-15% of the volume of the milling cutter. The internal cooling channel and the piezoelectric ceramic structure exist in the milling cutter at the same time, by controlling that the volume ratio of the two in the milling cutter is not more than 25%, it is ensured that the mechanical properties of the milling cutter meet the milling requirements on the premise of having good cooling and piezoelectric force measurement functions.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic branch and the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic main body form a set angle of 60°-90°.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the ceramic adopted on the outside of the milling cutter body is alumina (Al2O3), silicon nitride (Si3N4) or zirconia (ZrO2) ceramic.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the piezoelectric phase of the piezoelectric ceramic is selected from one of lead zirconate titanate (PZT), potassium sodium niobate (KNN), lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and lead metaniobate (PbNb2O6).

[0015] As a further technical scheme, the cooling liquid inlet of the cooling channel is arranged at the shank, and the cooling liquid outlet is arranged at the end face of the tool head.

[0016] As a further technical scheme, in the milling cutter blade part, the radial rake angle is 10-15°, the axial rake angle is 10-15°, the radial relief angle is 10-16°, and the axial relief angle is 10-16°.

[0017] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The milling cutter is prepared from multiple ceramic materials, the external part is made of conventional ceramic, so that the milling cutter has good hardness, wear resistance and chemical stability; the internal part is made of piezoelectric ceramic, the piezoelectric sensing effect is used to convert the cutting force value into an electrical signal output, and the function of real-time monitoring of the cutting force change is realized. The force sensor is directly embedded in the cutter body, without relying on an independent force measuring module or a complex tool clamp outside the machine tool, avoiding the complicated installation and calibration process of the traditional device, greatly simplifying the system architecture, and avoiding the problem of limited installation space caused by the large size of the traditional external force measuring instrument. It is especially suitable for complex curved surface or deep cavity machining scenes. The cutting fluid and chip interference is effectively isolated, and the signal distortion and sensor damage problems caused by exposure of the traditional force measuring device are overcome.

[0019] Further, on the basis of the multiple ceramic cutter material, an internal cooling channel is designed, which surrounds the piezoelectric ceramic, which is conducive to reducing the temperature of the piezoelectric ceramic, avoiding exceeding the Curie temperature to cause the piezoelectric performance to disappear, ensuring the effective piezoelectric force measuring function, and also allowing the cutter to work in a lower temperature range, reducing the influence of temperature on the force measuring accuracy; at the same time, the internal piezoelectric ceramic structure serves as a force measuring module, and the cutting force data detected thereby can provide support for the optimization of cooling parameters, realizing the synergistic effect of internal cooling and piezoelectric force measurement.

[0020] Further, the internal cooling channel can effectively lubricate and cool the contact area between the cutter and the workpiece; it can effectively increase the cooling speed, reduce the cutting temperature, reduce the cutter wear and tear, and improve the cutter life, while the amount of cutting fluid used is less than that of external cooling, reducing environmental pollution caused by the cooling and lubrication process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application serve to provide a further understanding of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions serve to explain the present application, but do not constitute the same meaning of the present application.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a milling cutter structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is an internal piezoelectric ceramic structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 Fig. 1 is a top view of the milling cutter;

[0025] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the relationship between the piezoelectric ceramic and the internal cooling channel.

[0026] In the drawings: 1, milling cutter shank; 2, piezoelectric ceramic structure; 3, milling cutter body; 4, side cutting edge; 5, bottom cutting edge; 6, chip pocket; 7, cooling channel; 8, channel for passing through a wire; 2-1, piezoelectric ceramic main body; 2-2, piezoelectric ceramic branch; 2-3, positive polarization connection; 2-4, negative polarization connection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative only, and is intended to provide further description of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0028] The application is further described below in conjunction with examples.

[0029] The whole milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling function adopts multi-ceramic as the material, and the milling cutter is a vertical milling cutter structure, comprising a milling cutter body 3, wherein the milling cutter body 3 comprises a milling cutter blade part and a milling cutter handle part 1; a piezoelectric ceramic structure 2 is arranged inside the milling cutter body 3, and the outside adopts ceramic meeting the cutting requirements; the piezoelectric ceramic structure 2 comprises a piezoelectric ceramic main body 2-1, and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic branches 2-2 are arranged on the part of the piezoelectric ceramic main body 2-1 corresponding to the milling cutter blade part, the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic branches 2-2 are inserted into the external ceramic of the milling cutter blade part, the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic branches 2-2 are in full contact with the external ceramic of the milling cutter blade part, the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic branch 2-2 and the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic main body 2-1 form a set angle, polarization positive connection 2-3 and polarization negative connection 2-4 are arranged on the two end faces of the piezoelectric ceramic main body 2-1, and a channel 8 for passing through the lead wire is arranged inside the piezoelectric ceramic main body 2-1; at the same time, a cooling channel 7 is arranged inside the milling cutter body 3, and the cooling channel 7 surrounds the piezoelectric ceramic structure 2. The milling cutter is prepared by using multi-ceramic material, and the external conventional ceramic is adopted, so that the milling cutter has good hardness, wear resistance and chemical stability; the internal piezoelectric ceramic utilizes the piezoelectric sensing effect to convert the cutting force value into an electrical signal output, realizing the function of real-time monitoring of the change of the cutting force. The milling cutter integrates and is convenient, the force sensor is directly embedded in the cutter body, without relying on the independent force measuring module or complex tool clamps outside the machine tool, avoiding the complicated installation and calibration process of the traditional device, greatly simplifying the system architecture, and avoiding the problem of limited installation space caused by the large size of the traditional external force measuring instrument, especially suitable for complex curved surface or deep cavity machining scene. The cutting fluid and chip interference are effectively isolated, and the signal distortion and sensor damage problems caused by exposure of the traditional force measuring device are overcome. At the same time, on the basis of the multi-ceramic cutter material, an internal cooling channel is designed, which surrounds the piezoelectric ceramic, is conducive to reducing the temperature of the piezoelectric ceramic, avoids the piezoelectric performance disappearing caused by exceeding the Curie temperature, ensures the piezoelectric force measurement function, and also enables the cutter to work in a lower temperature range, reducing the influence of temperature on the force measurement accuracy; at the same time, the internal piezoelectric ceramic structure 2 acts as a force measuring module, and the cutting force data detected thereby can provide support for the optimization of cooling parameters, realizing the synergistic effect of internal cooling and piezoelectric force measurement. The internal cooling channel can effectively lubricate and cool the contact area between the cutter and the workpiece; not only can effectively increase the cooling speed, reduce the cutting temperature, reduce the cutter wear and tear, and improve the cutter life, but also the amount of cutting fluid used is less than that of external cooling, reducing the environmental pollution caused by the cooling and lubrication process.

[0030] Further, the milling cutter edge part includes side cutting edges 4 and bottom cutting edges 5, and the chip pockets 6 are formed between the side cutting edges 4. In the milling cutter edge part, the radial rake angle is 10°-15°, the axial rake angle is 10°-15°, the radial clearance angle is 10°-16°, and the axial clearance angle is 10°-16°. The larger rake angle can reduce the deformation resistance of the chip, reduce the amplitude of the cutting force, make the signal captured by the piezoelectric ceramic more stable, and be beneficial to improving the monitoring accuracy of the force value, and is generally between 10°-15°. Although the reduction of the clearance angle can enhance the strength of the cutting edge, it will aggravate the friction heat accumulation of the rear face and the workpiece. At this time, the internal cooling channel 7 can effectively reduce the thermal damage of the friction heat to the rear face, so that the clearance angle can maintain stable cutting in a smaller range, and is generally between 10°-16°.

[0031] Further, the milling cutter body 3 is prepared by using the light curing technology, the outside adopts the conventional ceramic, and the inside adopts the piezoelectric ceramic.

[0032] Further, the external ceramic outside is used as the part for milling the workpiece, needs to meet the requirements of the conventional milling function, has high hardness, high wear resistance, high chemical stability and good toughness, therefore, the conventional ceramic with high hardness, high wear resistance and high chemical stability is adopted in the embodiment, such as alumina (Al2O3), silicon nitride (Si3N4) and zirconia (ZrO2) ceramic.

[0033] Further, the milling cutter has four cutting edges, so that it has more cutting times in unit time and obtains higher milling efficiency.

[0034] Further, the internal piezoelectric ceramic realizes the conversion of the cutting force value into the piezoelectric signal by the piezoelectric sensing effect, so as to realize the function of real-time monitoring of the cutting force. When the piezoelectric material for measuring the force is selected, the multi-dimensional performance needs to be considered comprehensively. In terms of piezoelectric performance, the piezoelectric constant and linearity need to be concerned to ensure the sensitivity and measurement accuracy; in terms of mechanical properties, the elastic modulus and compressive strength are the keys, and the high stiffness material is suitable for high frequency impact measurement; in terms of environmental adaptability, the Curie temperature determines the existence of piezoelectric performance, and the piezoelectric effect disappears when the temperature exceeds this temperature; in terms of electrical properties, the dielectric constant affects the signal conditioning difficulty, and the polarization stability is related to the long-term reliability. The piezoelectric material can be divided into piezoelectric single crystal, piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric polymer and piezoelectric composite material. Due to the complex working conditions such as high temperature and intermittent cutting of milling, the piezoelectric ceramic is more suitable, which has high hardness, high thermal stability and good piezoelectric performance. The piezoelectric phase is selected from one of zirconium titanate (PZT), potassium sodium niobate (KNN), lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and lead metaniobate (PbNb2O6).

[0035] Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the milling cutter body 3 is provided with an internal cooling channel 7, which is connected to the external cooling liquid inlet 8 and the external cooling liquid outlet 9. Figure 2As shown, the center of the piezoelectric ceramic structure 2 in this embodiment is a cylindrical body, and a circular truncated cone branch is distributed near the periphery of the milling cutter blade part, which improves the sensitivity of the piezoelectric ceramic to cutting force measurement. Specifically, the piezoelectric ceramic structure 2 includes a piezoelectric ceramic body 2-1, and the piezoelectric ceramic body 2-1 is provided with a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic branches 2-2 corresponding to the part of the milling cutter blade part, the piezoelectric ceramic branch 2-2 is inserted in the external ceramic, and the piezoelectric ceramic branch 2-2 adopts a circular truncated cone structure to reduce the peripheral volume ratio, and the piezoelectric ceramic branch in this embodiment is four layers and three columns, which uniformly surrounds and improves the sensing accuracy of the cutting force change; all the piezoelectric ceramic branches 2-22-2 have a volume of 2-3% of the volume of the milling cutter, which avoids causing the strength of the cutter body to decrease.

[0036] Further, in order to enable the piezoelectric ceramic branch 2-2 to better detect the cutting force of the milling cutter blade part, the axis of the cutter piezoelectric ceramic branch 2-2 in this embodiment forms a certain angle with the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic body 2-1, and the angle can be selected between 60-90 degrees; the polarization positive connection 2-3 and the polarization negative connection 2-4 are arranged on the two end faces of the piezoelectric ceramic body 2-1.

[0037] As a further technical solution, the total structure of the piezoelectric ceramic is 10-15% of the volume of the milling cutter. The internal cooling channel and the piezoelectric ceramic structure 2 exist in the milling cutter of the present application at the same time, and by controlling the volume ratio of the two in the milling cutter to be not more than 25%, it is ensured that under the premise of good cooling and piezoelectric force measurement function, the mechanical properties of the milling cutter meet the milling requirements.

[0038] Further, the end face of the piezoelectric ceramic body 2-1 is reserved a distance of 5mm from the end face of the milling cutter shank 1, which is a reserved position for welding of the direct current polarization coating and the electrical signal lead-out wire.

[0039] Further, the piezoelectric ceramic body 2-1 has a channel at the axis, which reserves space for the lead-out wire of the piezoelectric milling cutter end electrical signal.

[0040] Further, the piezoelectric ceramic connects the positive and negative poles of the polarization device on the upper and lower surfaces of the cylindrical body, so that the internal domains of the piezoelectric ceramic are arranged in the direction of the electric field, and the piezoelectric effect is obtained.

[0041] Further, in order to meet the piezoelectric detection accuracy of the piezoelectric ceramic, and at the same time to cool the milling cutter body, the embodiment selects to set an internal cooling channel 7 in the milling cutter body 3. The internal cooling channel 7 can better cool the piezoelectric ceramic compared with the external cooling. Further, the internal cooling channel 7 in the embodiment is set as two spirally distributed internal cooling channels, the internal cooling channel has a spiral angle of 30-40°, and the volume of the internal cooling channel 7 is 10-15% of the volume of the milling cutter. The setting can ensure normal milling of the milling cutter under the premise of reducing the cutting temperature.

[0042] Further, the internal cooling channel 7 in the embodiment also surrounds the piezoelectric ceramic structure 2. This design is beneficial to reduce the temperature of the piezoelectric ceramic, avoid exceeding the Curie temperature to cause the piezoelectric performance to disappear, and at the same time not affect the pressure detection of the piezoelectric ceramic, and at the same time cool the milling cutter body. The cooling liquid inlet of the internal cooling channel 7 in the embodiment is arranged at the milling cutter shank 1, and the cooling liquid outlet is arranged at the end face of the milling cutter edge. That is, on the basis of the multi-piezoelectric ceramic cutter material, the internal cooling channel is designed to surround the piezoelectric ceramic, which is beneficial to reduce the temperature of the piezoelectric ceramic, avoid exceeding the Curie temperature to cause the piezoelectric performance to disappear, ensure the piezoelectric force measurement function to be effective, and also enable the cutter to work in a lower temperature range, reduce the influence of temperature on the force measurement accuracy; at the same time, the internal piezoelectric ceramic structure 2 as a force measurement module will provide support for the optimization of cooling parameters with the cutting force data detected, and realize the synergistic effect of internal cooling and piezoelectric force measurement. The internal cooling channel can effectively lubricate and cool the contact area between the cutter and the workpiece; not only can effectively increase the cooling speed, reduce the cutting temperature, reduce the cutter wear, and improve the cutter life, but also the amount of cutting fluid used is less than that of external cooling, which reduces the environmental pollution caused by the cooling and lubrication process.

[0043] The milling cutter of the embodiment is prepared by using the light curing additive manufacturing technology, realizes efficient and high-precision manufacturing, and accurately forms a complex geometric shape; the specific manufacturing method is as follows:

[0044] Firstly, a three-dimensional model of the integral milling cutter is accurately constructed by using a modeling software, including the edge shape, spiral groove structure, and the cavity layout of the internal piezoelectric ceramic structure 2 and the cooling channel 7. The mechanical properties and cooling effect of the design model are simulated and evaluated by using a simulation analysis software, the geometric parameters and internal structure size of the cutter are optimized, so as to ensure that the cutting performance requirements are met, and at the same time to provide a suitable installation space for the piezoelectric force measurement element and the smoothness of the cooling channel 7.

[0045] Suitable resin material for photocuring is selected, and external ceramic slurry and internal piezoelectric ceramic slurry are configured. The three-dimensional model is imported into the slicing software of the multi-material photocuring 3D printing equipment, and the model is sliced according to the set printing parameters to generate a series of two-dimensional cross-section images. At the same time, according to the structural characteristics of the model and the process requirements of the printing equipment, the laser scanning path is planned to ensure that the laser can accurately solidify the resin layer by layer during the printing process, especially in the complex internal cavity structure part, the scanning path is reasonably arranged to avoid incomplete curing or over-curing and other problems. With the advancement of the printing process, the light source scans layer by layer, and the milling cutter green body is out.

[0046] Finally, the green body is subjected to debinding and sintering and other post-processing. Debinding removes excess binder from the green body, preparing for subsequent sintering. Sintering improves the density and strength of the material. During sintering, powder particles diffuse and mass transfer at high temperatures, filling the gaps between particles, making the material dense, thereby significantly improving the density and strength of the material. Thus, a milling cutter with excellent performance is obtained.

[0047] Further, when selecting materials, select compatible material combinations and optimize the ceramic slurry system. By matching the thermal expansion coefficient and composition compatibility, reducing interfacial stress, improving physical bonding and chemical compatibility, and inhibiting interfacial reactions;

[0048] Further, the use of multi-nozzle independent control technology ensures uniform extrusion of each material, and the combination of layer-by-layer gradual printing improves composition consistency, avoiding cross-contamination of materials between layers.

[0049] Further, during the photocuring stage, the matching of light source energy distribution, exposure time gradient, slurry rheological properties and cured layer thickness is comprehensively considered. By adjusting the ultraviolet wavelength, intensity and scanning path, the material curing depth and interfacial bonding strength are balanced to avoid layer peeling or internal stress concentration caused by uneven curing.

[0050] Further, during the debinding process, the heating rate, holding time and atmosphere are precisely controlled, and a gradient debinding curve is designed according to the material composition to ensure complete removal of the binder while preventing cracking or structural collapse of the green body caused by rapid volatilization of organic matter, laying a foundation for uniform and stable green body for subsequent sintering.

[0051] Further, in the sintering stage, hot isostatic sintering is adopted, uniform pressure is applied in the sintering process, a staged temperature rising process is adopted, thermal stress is relieved through gradient rate control, pressure auxiliary technology is used to promote densification and balance shrinkage difference to promote densification and reduce stress. The temperature rising slope, the highest temperature, the holding time and the external pressure are optimized, the segmented temperature control strategy is designed according to the thermal expansion difference and the densification rate of the multi-ceramic phase, the interface is preliminarily bonded in the low-temperature stage and the grain is cooperatively grown in the high-temperature stage, and the crack initiation induced by the grain boundary segregation, the pore residue and the thermal stress is inhibited.

[0052] The preparation method of the milling cutter adjusts the ceramic slurry system, optimizes the process parameters such as photocuring, debinding and sintering, effectively relieves the stress concentration caused by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient, inhibits the interface crack initiation, and avoids the interlayer peeling or composition segregation caused by the parameter mismatch.

[0053] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling synergistic functions, comprising a milling cutter body, wherein the milling cutter body comprises a milling cutter blade and a milling cutter shank; characterized in that: A piezoelectric ceramic structure is arranged inside the milling cutter body, and ceramics that meet cutting requirements are used on the outside. The piezoelectric ceramic structure includes a piezoelectric ceramic main body. The part of the piezoelectric ceramic main body corresponding to the milling cutter blade is provided with a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic branches. The plurality of piezoelectric ceramic branches are in contact with the external ceramic of the milling cutter blade, and the axes of the piezoelectric ceramic branches form a set angle with the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic main body. Polarized positive electrode connections and polarized negative electrode connections are provided on the two end faces of the piezoelectric ceramic main body, and a channel for the wire to pass through is provided inside the piezoelectric ceramic main body. At the same time, a cooling channel is provided inside the milling cutter body, and the cooling channel surrounds the piezoelectric ceramic structure.

2. The integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set distance is reserved between the end face of the piezoelectric ceramic body and the end face of the milling cutter shank.

3. The integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helical angle of the internal coolant channel is 30-40 degrees, and the channel volume is 10-15% of the volume of the milling cutter.

4. The integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric ceramic structure accounts for 10-15% of the volume of the milling cutter.

5. The integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric ceramic branches adopt a truncated cone structure, are arranged in multiple layers and rows, and are evenly surrounded by the piezoelectric ceramic body. The overall volume of the piezoelectric ceramic branches is 2-3% of the volume of the milling cutter.

6. The integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axis of the piezoelectric ceramic branch and the axis of the piezoelectric ceramic body form a set angle of 60° to 90°.

7. The integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic used on the outside of the milling cutter body is aluminum oxide, silicon nitride or zirconium oxide ceramic.

8. The integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric phase of the piezoelectric ceramic is selected from one of lead zirconate titanate, potassium sodium niobate, lithium niobate and lead metaniobate.

9. The integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant inlet of the cooling channel is arranged at the tool handle, and the coolant outlet is designed at the end face of the tool head.

10. The integral milling cutter with piezoelectric force measurement and internal cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the milling cutter blade, the radial rake angle is 10° to 15°, the axial rake angle is 10° to 15°, the radial clearance angle is 10° to 16°, and the axial clearance angle is 10° to 16°.

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