Refrigeration and nitrogen generation integrated equipment for laser welding
Through integrated design and intelligent control, the problems of insufficient adaptability and temperature control accuracy of traditional refrigeration systems in laser welding equipment have been solved, achieving multi-scenario adaptability and efficient refrigeration effect, thereby improving welding quality and equipment economy.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511158683.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
AI Technical Summary
Traditional refrigeration systems cannot meet the differentiated refrigeration needs of laser welding units and shielding gas manufacturing units, resulting in problems such as insufficient adaptability, poor control coordination, low temperature control accuracy, and weak scenario adaptability, leading to low equipment operating efficiency.
Adopting an integrated design, the laser welding cooling and shielding gas preparation system is integrated into the same device. Through the coordinated control of the refrigerant circulation mechanism and the controller, combined with the parallel and series modes of dual evaporators, it can adapt to the cooling needs of different welding scenarios, and achieve precise temperature control through an intelligent control system.
It improved the operating efficiency and applicability of the equipment, ensured the stable effect of the two cooling objects, improved welding accuracy and equipment economy, and reduced energy consumption and equipment wear.
Smart Images
Figure CN120791208A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of welding equipment, in particular to a refrigeration and nitrogen production integrated device for laser welding. BACKGROUND
[0002] The current laser welding device is mainly composed of a laser welding unit and a protective gas manufacturing unit, both of which need to be supported by refrigeration during operation: the laser welding unit needs to be cooled by water to maintain the stability of the laser and the welding gun, and the protective gas manufacturing unit needs to be cooled by compressed air to ensure the purity of nitrogen. The existing refrigeration equipment adopts a traditional "one-to-two" refrigeration system, which uses a set of core refrigeration unit (including compressor, condenser, etc.) to supply cooling to two terminal devices. The core logic is that the single refrigerant is compressed and condensed in the shared circulation pipeline and then distributed to the terminal. The refrigeration is achieved by using the evaporation of the refrigerant to absorb heat, but this design has significant limitations: First, the adaptability is insufficient. Due to the dependence on single refrigerant circulation, it is difficult to meet the differentiated heat exchange needs of the laser welding unit (water cooling) and the protective gas manufacturing unit (air cooling), and it is difficult to simultaneously ensure the refrigeration effect of the two media. Second, the control coordination is poor. The refrigeration needs of the two units are independent and the working conditions fluctuate greatly (such as the difference in cooling capacity between intermittent and continuous welding), and there is a lack of coordination mechanism for dynamically allocating refrigeration resources, resulting in low cooling capacity utilization efficiency. Third, the temperature control precision is low. The cooling water temperature control relies on the start and stop of the compressor, which not only increases energy consumption, aggravates equipment wear and tear, and shortens the service life, but also makes it difficult to maintain stable water temperature, indirectly affecting the welding precision and consistency. Fourth, the scene adaptation is weak. It is difficult to flexibly switch between different scenes such as handheld welding (long interval) and automatic welding (continuous operation) to balance the cooling capacity utilization rate and equipment durability, limiting the universality and economy of the equipment.
[0003] These problems make it difficult for the traditional refrigeration system to meet the efficient, stable and precise operation requirements of the laser welding device, and it is necessary to break through the existing limitations through technological innovation. SUMMARY
[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a refrigeration and nitrogen production integrated device for laser welding, which solves the problem of single refrigerant circulation in the traditional "one-to-two" refrigeration system, which cannot adapt to the differentiated refrigeration needs of the laser welding unit and the protective gas manufacturing unit.
[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a refrigeration and nitrogen production integrated device for laser welding, comprising a shell, a controller, a partition plate and a fixing plate arranged in the shell, a refrigeration system and a nitrogen production system arranged in the shell, the refrigeration system comprising a refrigerant circulation mechanism and a cold water circulation mechanism. The cold water circulation system comprises a cold water tank, wherein a first evaporator is arranged in the cold water tank. The nitrogen making system comprises an oil-water separator, a cold gas tank, a nitrogen making unit, and a nitrogen tank, the cold gas tank is connected with the gas inlet end of the nitrogen making unit, and a second evaporator is arranged in the cold gas tank. The refrigerant circulation mechanism comprises a compressor, a condenser, a drying filter, a reversing valve, and a capillary tube which are sequentially connected through pipelines, the reversing valve is connected with the first evaporator and the second evaporator, and the first evaporator and the second evaporator are connected with the compressor through pipelines to form a refrigerant circulation loop.
[0006] Further, the cold water circulation system further comprises a water pump, a laser, a heater, and a welding gun which are connected with the cold water tank, the water pump is divided into two paths through pipelines, one path is connected with the laser, and the other path is connected with the welding gun through the heater.
[0007] Further, the water temperature of the cold water tank can be set between 15-28 degrees Celsius, and the control precision is 2 degrees Celsius, and the heater heats the cold water to be higher than the set water temperature of the cold water tank by 4 degrees Celsius.
[0008] Further, the cold gas tank has a double-tank structure, one tank is used for cooling compressed air to separate water, and the other tank is used for heat exchange of inlet and outlet compressed air, and the cold gas tank is connected with a timing drain valve.
[0009] Further, the connection mode of the first evaporator and the second evaporator comprises parallel connection and series connection, the parallel connection mode is suitable for handheld welding and long welding interval scenes, the series connection mode is suitable for automatic welding and long continuous welding scenes, and the reversing valve is used to switch the first evaporator or the second evaporator or the series connection of the first evaporator and the second evaporator to work, so as to achieve the purpose of cold water or cold gas.
[0010] Further, a cold water temperature sensor is arranged in the cold water tank, and a cold gas temperature sensor is arranged in the cold gas tank.
[0011] Further, a heating temperature sensor is arranged in the heater.
[0012] Further, the controller comprises a welding controller, a refrigeration controller, and a nitrogen making controller.
[0013] Further, the refrigeration controller is electrically connected with the reversing valve, the cold water temperature sensor of the cold water tank, the heating temperature sensor of the heater, and the cold gas temperature sensor of the cold gas tank, the welding controller is electrically connected with the refrigeration controller and the nitrogen making controller, and the nitrogen making controller is electrically connected with a nitrogen making module.
[0014] Further, the pipeline between the laser and the cold water tank and the pipeline between the welding gun temperature control circuit and the cold water tank form a cooling water circulation loop, and the returned water from the laser and the welding gun temperature control circuit flows back to the cold water tank.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: One, integrated design, improving system synergy Integrating the laser welding machine, the cold water machine, the nitrogen making machine, and the cold drying machine in the same equipment shell, and realizing the deep integration of laser welding cooling and protective gas preparation through the coordinated control of the refrigerant circulation mechanism and the controller, solves the problems of coordination difficulty and large occupation of traditional separate equipment, and improves the overall operation efficiency of the equipment.
[0016] Two, differentiated refrigeration precise adaptation, meeting diversified needs By controlling the refrigerant flow direction of the first evaporator and the second evaporator through the reversing valve, the differentiated needs of the refrigeration system and the nitrogen making system are adapted respectively, breaking through the adaptation limitation of single refrigerant of traditional "one drives two" system, and ensuring the stable effect of two kinds of refrigeration objects.
[0017] Three, double evaporator connection mode, adapting to multi-scene application The first evaporator and the second evaporator support parallel and series connection modes, the parallel mode works at room temperature to prolong the service life of the compressor to adapt to intermittent welding, and the series mode improves the cold quantity utilization rate to meet continuous welding, realizing the flexible adaptation of the equipment to different welding scenes and enhancing the universality.
[0018] Four, precise temperature control and energy-saving design, guaranteeing welding quality The water temperature of the cold water tank is stable between 15-28℃ and can be set, the control precision is 2 degrees Celsius, and the heater precisely raises the temperature by 4℃ to prevent condensation; through the linkage of the cold water temperature sensor, the cold gas temperature sensor and the reversing valve, the traditional compressor start-stop temperature control mode is replaced, the energy consumption and equipment loss are reduced, and at the same time, the water temperature and the quality of the protective gas are stable, and the welding precision is improved.
[0019] Five, intelligent control system, reducing operation complexity Multiple controllers work cooperatively, the refrigeration controller automatically switches the refrigerant flow direction according to the temperature signal, the nitrogen making controller guarantees stable nitrogen output, reduces manual intervention, realizes automatic operation of the equipment, and reduces operation difficulty and human error. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical control system of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the parallel mode of the refrigeration system of the present application; Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the series connection mode of the refrigeration system of the application.
[0021] In the figure: 1 housing, 2 welding controller, 3 laser, 4 fixed plate, 5 cold gas tank, 7 reversing valve, 8 condenser, 9 oil-water separator, 10 drying filter, 11 compressor, 12 heater, 13 cold water bucket, 14 water pump, 15 partition, 16 nitrogen tank, 17 nitrogen making controller, 18 refrigeration controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] As shown in Figure 1 , 2 , the equipment takes the housing (1) as the carrier, and the interior is divided into areas by the partition (15) and the fixed plate (4). The heavy components such as the compressor (11), the condenser (8), and the heater (12) are fixed. The heating temperature sensor is arranged in the heater (12) to limit the high temperature. When the temperature reaches the set temperature, the heating is stopped. The welding controller (2), the refrigeration controller (18), and the nitrogen making controller (17) are installed at the upper end and the side wall to facilitate wiring and maintenance.
[0023] (I) The operation process of the refrigeration system (A) Parallel evaporator connection mode, the circuit diagram is shown in Figure 3 .
[0024] Structural connection. The first evaporator (in the cold water bucket 13) or the second evaporator (in the cold gas tank 5) is connected with the reversing valve (7) through the pipeline, forming two independent branches. Each branch is provided with a check valve to prevent the backflow of refrigerant. The reversing valve (7) can independently control the on-off of the refrigerant of the two branches. The outlet pipelines of the first and second evaporators are combined and connected to the gas inlet of the compressor (11), forming a complete refrigerant circulation.
[0025] Operation process. When handheld welding is performed (the welding interval is long), the equipment defaults to the parallel mode. If the water temperature sensor in the cold water bucket (13) detects that the water temperature is higher than the set high temperature, the refrigeration controller (18) sends a signal to the reversing valve (7), and only the first evaporator branch is opened: the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (11) → condensed by the condenser (8) → purified by the drying filter (10) → the reversing valve (7) → the capillary tube (6) is depressurized → the first evaporator absorbs heat (the water temperature of the cold water bucket is reduced to the set value) → returns to the compressor (11).
[0026] If the water temperature of the cold water bucket is lower than the set low temperature, the reversing valve (7) is switched to the second evaporator branch: the refrigerant flows through the second evaporator in the cold gas tank (5) to cool the compressed air and separate water (the condensed water is discharged through the timed drain valve), and the heat-exchanged refrigerant returns to the compressor (11).
[0027] Cold water circulation: The water pump (14) delivers the cold water bucket low-temperature water in two ways, one of which is directly supplied to the laser (3) for cooling and then returned, and the other is heated (4℃ higher than the set water temperature) by the heater (12) and then supplied to the welding gun temperature control, and the return water returns to the cold water bucket.
[0028] Nitrogen production process: After the oil-water separator (9) purifies the air, it enters the cold gas tank (5), and after being cooled and dried by the second evaporator, it enters the nitrogen production unit, and the generated nitrogen is stored in the nitrogen tank (16), which can be output at 2kg pressure and 1.2 cubic meters / hour flow.
[0029] In parallel mode, the two evaporators work independently, and the compressor can only be turned on during the welding interval, without the need for full-load operation, achieving normal-temperature refrigeration, prolonging the service life of the equipment, and being suitable for handheld welding scenarios with long welding intervals.
[0030] (B) Series evaporator connection mode, circuit diagram as shown in Figure 4 When the cold water bucket 13 needs to be cooled, the first evaporator (inside the cold water bucket 13) works independently, the outlet pipe of the reversing valve (7) is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator (inside the cold water bucket 13), and the outlet of the first evaporator (inside the cold water bucket 13) is connected to the return air port of the compressor (11). When the cold gas tank 5 is cooled, the outlet pipe of the reversing valve (7) is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator (inside the cold gas tank 5), the outlet of the second evaporator (inside the cold gas tank 5) is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator (inside the cold water bucket 13), and the outlet of the first evaporator (inside the cold water bucket 13) is connected to the return air port of the compressor (11), forming a series refrigerant channel.
[0031] When automatic welding (continuous operation) is performed, the equipment switches to series mode. After being compressed, condensed, purified, reversed, and decompressed, the refrigerant enters the second evaporator through the reversing valve (7), first cools the compressed air in the cold gas tank (5), and then carries the remaining cold energy into the first evaporator to cool the cold water bucket (13) (maintain 15-28℃).
[0032] Cold water circulation and nitrogen production process are the same as parallel mode, but due to higher refrigeration efficiency in series mode, it can continuously provide stable cooling sources for lasers and welding guns, while ensuring the cooling needs of long-time welding.
[0033] Cold gas tank (5) double-tank cooperation: The first tank cools and separates water from compressed air through the second evaporator, and the second tank reduces the pre-cooling of incoming air and the temperature of outgoing air through heat exchange, avoiding condensation in the nitrogen tank (16), while improving refrigeration efficiency.
[0034] In series mode, the refrigerant flows through the two evaporators in turn, and the cold energy is fully utilized, with high refrigeration efficiency, which can meet the continuous cooling needs of continuous welding, and is suitable for long-time operation scenarios such as automatic welding.
[0035] II. Series-parallel switching control logic The refrigeration controller (18) receives the scene instruction (manual / automatic welding) of the welding controller (2), automatically switches the connection mode of the first and second evaporators. At the same time, combined with the cold water temperature sensor and the cold gas temperature sensor signal, the dynamic reversing valve (7) accurately controls the refrigerant flow direction, ensuring that the cold water temperature and the protective gas quality can be stably maintained in both modes.
[0036] Through the flexible switching of series-parallel mode, the equipment can dynamically adjust the refrigeration strategy according to the welding scene, balance the energy efficiency and service life, and realize precise adaptation to different welding requirements.
[0037] Through the above structure and process, the integration and intelligent operation of laser welding cooling and protective gas preparation are realized, which effectively adapts to various welding scenes and improves the welding quality and equipment economy.
[0038] The above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. An integrated refrigeration and nitrogen production device for laser welding, comprising a housing (1), a controller, a partition (15) and a fixing plate (4) provided in the housing (1), characterized in that: A refrigeration system and a nitrogen production system are provided in the shell, wherein the refrigeration system includes a refrigerant circulation mechanism and a cold water circulation mechanism; The cold water circulation system comprises a cold water barrel (13), wherein a first evaporator is provided in the cold water barrel (13); The nitrogen production system comprises an oil-water separator (9), a cold air tank (5), a nitrogen production unit, and a nitrogen tank (16); the cold air tank (5) is connected to the air inlet end of the nitrogen production unit, and a second evaporator is provided in the cold air tank (5); The refrigerant circulation mechanism includes a compressor (11), a condenser (8), a drying filter (10), a reversing valve (7), and a capillary tube (6) which are connected in sequence through pipelines. The reversing valve (7) is connected to the first evaporator and the second evaporator. The first evaporator and the second evaporator are connected to the compressor (11) through pipelines to form a refrigerant circulation loop.
2. The integrated refrigeration and nitrogen generation equipment for laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold water circulation system further comprises a water pump (14) connected to the cold water bucket (13), a laser (3), a heater (12), and a welding gun. The water pump (14) is divided into two paths through a pipeline, one path is connected to the laser (3), and the other path is connected to the welding gun through the heater (12).
3. The integrated refrigeration and nitrogen generation equipment for laser welding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water temperature of the cold water bucket (13) is between 15 and 28 degrees Celsius, and the heater (12) heats the cold water to a temperature 4 degrees Celsius higher than the set water temperature of the cold water bucket (13).
4. The integrated refrigeration and nitrogen generation equipment for laser welding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cold air tank (5) is a double tank structure, one tank is used to cool the compressed air and extract water, and the other tank is used for heat exchange between the incoming and outgoing compressed air. The cold air tank (5) is connected to a timed drain valve.
5. The integrated refrigeration and nitrogen generation equipment for laser welding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connection modes of the first evaporator and the second evaporator include parallel connection and series connection. The parallel connection mode is suitable for handheld welding with a long welding interval, and the series connection mode is suitable for automatic welding with a long continuous welding time.
6. The integrated refrigeration and nitrogen generation equipment for laser welding according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cold water temperature sensor is provided in the cold water bucket (13), and a cold air temperature sensor is provided in the cold air tank (5).
7. The integrated refrigeration and nitrogen generation equipment for laser welding according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heating temperature sensor is provided in the heater (12).
8. The integrated refrigeration and nitrogen generation equipment for laser welding according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller comprises a welding controller (2), a refrigeration controller (18), and a nitrogen generation controller (17).
9. The integrated refrigeration and nitrogen generation equipment for laser welding according to claim 8, characterized in that: The refrigeration controller (18) is electrically connected to the reversing valve (7), the cold water temperature sensor of the cold water bucket (13), the heating temperature sensor of the heater (12), and the cold air temperature sensor of the cold air tank (5), respectively. The welding controller (2) is electrically connected to the refrigeration controller (18) and the nitrogen generation controller (17), respectively. The nitrogen generation controller (17) is electrically connected to the nitrogen generation module.
10. The integrated refrigeration and nitrogen generation equipment for laser welding according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pipeline between the laser (3) and the cold water bucket (13) and the pipeline between the welding gun temperature control circuit and the cold water bucket (13) form a cooling water circulation loop, and the return water from the laser (3) and the welding gun temperature control circuit flows back to the cold water bucket (13).