Automatic forming equipment and method for refractory brick production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of green brick forming, and particularly discloses an automatic forming device and method for refractory brick production. The automatic forming device comprises a rack, a blank jacking unit, a mold frame unit, a pressing unit and a material distribution unit; a pulse pressing piece in the pressing unit enables a pressing punch to generate periodic micro-lifting, vibration pressing is conducted on a blank in a die cavity, blank particles are promoted to be recombined and rearranged, and therefore a channel facilitating gas exhaust is actively formed in the blank; the interior of the blank is continuously vacuumized in the pressing process through a negative pressure exhaust blank ejecting piece in the blank ejecting unit; the combined action of vibration pressing and negative pressure suction forces air among blank particles to be directionally discharged through a formed exhaust channel, and air holes and defects in a green brick are effectively reduced, so that the problem of layer cracking of the green brick in the pressing forming process is avoided, and the compactness and the overall quality of the refractory brick are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of brick forming, more particularly, it relates to an automatic forming equipment and method for refractory brick production. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the pressing forming process of refractory bricks, the existing forming equipment mostly adopts a one-way static pressing method. Since there is a lack of dynamic exhaust means, the gas between the green particles is difficult to completely migrate, and the air inside the green is retained in the green after being sharply compressed, which is easy to form air holes, interlayers and layer cracks. At the same time, the one-way static pressing cannot promote the rearrangement of the particles, resulting in uneven density and strength dispersion, thereby affecting the density, mechanical strength and service life of the product. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present application provides an automatic forming equipment and method for refractory brick production.

[0004] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions: An automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production, comprising: a rack; a top green unit comprising a fixed table fixed to the rack and a plurality of negative pressure exhaust top green parts arranged on the fixed table; a mold frame unit comprising a mold frame arranged vertically above the fixed table, a plurality of mold cavities corresponding to the negative pressure exhaust top green parts are arranged in the mold frame; a pressing unit comprising an installation plate arranged vertically above the mold frame, a plurality of pressing punches corresponding to the mold cavities are arranged on the lower end surface of the installation plate, and a pulsating pressing part is arranged on the installation plate; a distribution unit arranged on one side of the mold frame unit, comprising a horizontally movable distribution chute and a hopper arranged above the distribution chute.

[0005] As a further scheme of the present application: the mold frame unit further comprises guide columns fixed vertically on both sides of the rack, a lower sliding table is slidably arranged on the guide columns, the mold frame is fixed on the lower sliding table, a first driving cylinder is installed on the top of the rack, and the output end of the first driving cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower sliding table through a connecting frame; The pressing unit further comprises an upper sliding table slidably arranged on the guide column, the installation plate is fixed on the upper sliding table, and a second driving cylinder for driving the upper sliding table is installed on the top of the rack.

[0006] As a further scheme of the present application: the pulsating pressing part comprises a rotating shaft rotatably arranged in the installation plate, a plurality of eccentric wheels are arranged on the rotating shaft in the axial direction, and a driving motor for driving the rotating shaft is arranged on one end of the installation plate.

[0007] As a further scheme of the present application: the pressing punch comprises a pressing plate, the upper end of the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the mounting plate through a connecting column, a gas cavity is formed in the pressing plate, a plurality of conical suction holes are equidistantly formed in the bottom of the gas cavity, a one-way valve plate is embedded in the conical suction hole, an exhaust groove is formed in the connecting column and communicated with the gas cavity, and a notch is formed in one side of the exhaust groove.

[0008] As a further scheme of the present application: the negative pressure exhaust top blank is provided with a cavity, a lifting plate is slidably embedded in the cavity, a plurality of air suction needles are equidistantly arranged on the upper end surface of the lifting plate, the air suction needles are movably penetrated through the negative pressure exhaust top blank and extended into the mold cavity, a plurality of air holes are formed in the air suction needles; a gas channel communicated with the air suction needles is formed in the lifting plate, a negative pressure bin is formed in one side of the top of the negative pressure exhaust top blank, a communication port communicated with the negative pressure bin is formed in one side of the gas channel, and an elastic flexible bag plate connected with the negative pressure bin is arranged in the communication port.

[0009] As a further scheme of the present application: the cavity is vertically fixed with a slide rod symmetrically on both sides, the lifting plate is slidably sleeved on the corresponding slide rod at both ends, and a spring abutting against the lifting plate is sleeved on the slide rod; the lifting plate is symmetrically provided with a push rod at both ends, the mold frame is provided with a through hole accommodating the corresponding push rod, and the pressing punch is provided with a jack rod corresponding to the push rod.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application: the cloth unit further comprises a bottom plate fixed on the rack, the cloth groove is slidably arranged on the bottom plate, guide frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom plate, and rollers adapted to the guide frames are rotatably installed on the cloth groove; a swing rod is rotatably installed on one side of the rack, a connecting rod is rotatably installed on the side of the cloth groove away from the mold frame unit, the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the swing rod, and a cloth cylinder is hinged between the middle of the swing rod and the rack.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application: a group of driving rollers and two groups of driven rollers are rotatably installed in the cloth groove respectively, the driving rollers are coaxially fixedly connected with the rollers, the two groups of driven rollers are horizontally distributed at the bottom of the cloth groove, a transmission belt is sleeved on the driving rollers and the driven rollers, a plurality of material pushing pieces are equidistantly arranged on the transmission belt, and through grooves are formed on the transmission belt and staggered with the material pushing pieces.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application: a turnover frame is rotatably arranged on the hopper, a gate plate adapted to the opening at the bottom of the hopper is installed on the turnover frame, and an elastic pull belt is connected between the gate plate and the side wall of the cloth groove.

[0013] The application further discloses a method for producing the automatic forming equipment for refractory bricks, and comprises the following steps: Step one, put the blank into the cloth trough through the hopper; Step two, the cloth trough moves horizontally to the mold frame and seals the upper end surface of the mold frame, and the blank falls into each mold cavity; Step three, the installation plate descends, each pressing punch is inserted into the corresponding mold cavity, the pulsating pressing part drives each group of pressing punches to produce high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion, forcing the pressing punch to periodically lift the blank in the mold cavity for periodic vibration pressing; Step four, the negative pressure exhaust top blank part continuously exhausts the internal gap of the blank, promoting the internal air of the blank to be exhausted and directionally migrated to the vacuum area; Step five, the installation plate resets, the mold frame descends, and the blank in the mold cavity is ejected by the negative pressure exhaust top blank part.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The pulsating pressing part makes the pressing punch periodically lift, and the blank in the mold cavity is vibrated and pressed, which effectively promotes the recombination and rearrangement of the blank particles, thereby actively forming a channel in the blank for gas exhaust, creating conditions for negative pressure suction; the negative pressure exhaust top blank part continuously exhausts the internal gap of the blank during the pressing process, and the vibration pressing generated by the high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion of the pressing punch driven by the pulsating pressing part; the vibration pressing and negative pressure suction jointly force the air between the blank particles to be directionally exhausted through the formed exhaust channel, effectively reducing the pores and defects in the blank, thereby avoiding the problem of brick blank layer cracking during the pressing forming process, and improving the density and overall quality of the refractory brick. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of an automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to the present application; Figure 2 It is another perspective view of an automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to the present application; Figure 3 It is a sectional view of an automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to the present application; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of a mold frame unit and a pressing unit in an automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to the present application; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of a pressing unit in an automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to the present application; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of a mold frame unit in an automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to the present application; Figure 7A structure diagram of a pressing punch in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production of the present application; Figure 8 A structure diagram of a pressing punch in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production of the present application; Figure 7 An enlarged view of A in the middle; Figure 9 A structure diagram of a negative pressure exhaust top blank and a mold frame in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production of the present application; Figure 10 A structure diagram of a pressing punch in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production of the present application; Figure 9 An enlarged view of B in the middle; Figure 11 A structure diagram of a pressing punch in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production of the present application; Figure 12 A structure diagram of a pressing punch in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production of the present application; Figure 13 A structure diagram of a pressing punch in an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production of the present application;

[0017] In the figure: 100, a rack; 200, a top blank unit; 210, a fixed table; 220, a negative pressure exhaust top blank; 221, a cavity; 222, a lifting plate; 2221, an air passage; 2222, a communication port; 223, an air extraction needle; 224, an air hole; 225, a sliding rod; 226, a spring; 227, a push rod; 228, a negative pressure bin; 229, a flexible spring sheet; 300, a mold frame unit; 310, a guide column; 320, a lower sliding table; 330, a mold frame; 331, a through hole; 340, a mold cavity; 350, a connecting frame; 360, a first driving air cylinder; 400, a pressing unit; 410, an upper sliding table; 420, a mounting plate; 430, a pulsating pressing part; 431, a rotating shaft; 432, an eccentric wheel; 433, a driving motor; 440, a second driving air cylinder; 450, a pressing punch; 451, a pressing plate; 452, a connecting column; 453, an air cavity; 454, a conical suction hole; 455, a one-way valve sheet; 456, an exhaust groove; 457, a notch; 458, a jacking rod; 500, a material distribution unit; 510, a material distribution groove; 511, a roller; 512, a guide frame; 513, a driving roller; 514, a driven roller; 515, a transmission belt; 516, a material pushing sheet; 517, a through groove; 518, an elastic pull belt; 520, a hopper; 521, a turnover frame; 522, a gate plate; 530, a bottom plate; 540, a swing rod; 550, a connecting rod; 560, a material distribution air cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example implementations. It should be understood that discussions of these implementations are intended to serve as examples only and that changes to elements of the examples discussed can be made in light of the teachings provided herein without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples can omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components in addition to those described or in lieu thereof. Also, features described in relation to some examples can be combined in other examples.

[0019] Referring now to the drawings Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , an automatic forming equipment for refractory brick production is disclosed, comprising a frame 100, a top blank unit 200, a mold frame unit 300, a pressing unit 400 and a material distribution unit 500; Referring now to the drawings Figure 4 , the top blank unit 200 comprises a fixed table 210 fixed on the frame 100 and a plurality of negative pressure exhaust top blank pieces 220 arranged on the fixed table 210; the mold frame unit 300 comprises a mold frame 330 arranged vertically above the fixed table 210, a plurality of mold cavities 340 corresponding to the negative pressure exhaust top blank pieces 220 are arranged in the mold frame 330; the pressing unit 400 comprises a mounting plate 420 arranged vertically above the mold frame 330, a plurality of pressing punches 450 corresponding to the mold cavities 340 are arranged on the lower end surface of the mounting plate 420, and a pulsating pressing piece 430 is mounted on the mounting plate 420; The material distribution unit 500 is arranged on one side of the mold frame unit 300 and comprises a horizontally movable material distribution chute 510 and a hopper 520 arranged above the material distribution chute 510; Specifically, in the initial state, the material distribution chute 510 is located directly below the hopper 520, the mounting plate 420 is raised to the topmost position, the upper end surface of the mold frame 330 is at the same height as the bottom of the material distribution chute 510, and the negative pressure exhaust top blank pieces 220 are located at the bottommost positions of the corresponding mold cavities 340; The required blank of the refractory brick is put into the hopper 520, a certain amount of blank is put into the distribution chute 510 through the hopper 520, then the distribution chute 510 moves horizontally to the mold frame 330 and is in sealing and close-fitting with the upper end face of the mold frame 330, so that the blank in the distribution chute 510 falls into each mold cavity 340; the mounting plate 420 is driven to move downward, so that each pressing punch 450 is inserted into the corresponding mold cavity 340, while the blank in the mold cavity 340 is extruded by the pressing punch 450, the groups of pressing punches 450 are subjected to high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion by the pulsating pressing member 430, so that the pressing punches 450 are periodically lifted slightly to periodically vibrate and press the blank in the mold cavity 340, so that the blank particles are reorganized to form the exhaust passage; at the same time, the internal gaps of the blank are subjected to continuous negative pressure air extraction by the negative pressure exhaust and blank lifting member 220, so that the air in the blank is discharged and migrates to the vacuum area in a directional manner, the compactness of the blank is improved, and the layer cracking of the pressed and formed brick blank is avoided.

[0020] It should be noted that the blank in the mold cavity 340 is subjected to vibration pressing by the periodic slight lifting of the pressing punch 450 caused by the pulsating pressing member 430, and the reorganization and rearrangement of the blank particles are effectively promoted by the dynamic pressing, so that the channel beneficial to the exhaust of gas is actively formed in the blank, and conditions are created for negative pressure air extraction; the internal gaps of the blank are continuously subjected to vacuum extraction during the pressing process by the negative pressure exhaust and blank lifting member 220, and the vibration pressing caused by the high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion of the pressing punch 450 driven by the pulsating pressing member 430; the air between the blank particles is forced to be discharged in a directional manner through the formed exhaust passage by the combined action of vibration pressing and negative pressure suction, the air holes and defects in the blank are effectively reduced, so that the layer cracking problem of the blank during the pressing and forming process is avoided, and the compactness and overall quality of the refractory brick are improved.

[0021] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the mold frame unit 300 further comprises guide columns 310 vertically fixed on both sides of the rack 100, a lower sliding table 320 is slidably sleeved on the guide columns 310, the mold frame 330 is fixed on the lower sliding table 320, and a first driving cylinder 360 is installed on the top of the rack 100, and the output end of the first driving cylinder 360 is fixedly connected with the lower sliding table 320 through a connecting frame 350; Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the pressing unit 400 further comprises an upper sliding table 410 slidably sleeved on the guide columns 310, the mounting plate 420 is fixed on the upper sliding table 410, and a second driving cylinder 440 for driving the upper sliding table 410 is installed on the top of the rack 100; Specifically, in the initial state, the second driving cylinder 440 drives the mounting plate 420 to slide up along the guide column 310, at this time the pressing punch 450 hovers directly above the mold cavity 340, so as to facilitate the horizontal movement of the material slot 510 towards the side of the mold frame 330; similarly, the first driving cylinder 360 drives the lower sliding platform 320 to slide up along the guide column 310, so that the upper end surface of the mold frame 330 is just flush with the lower end surface of the material slot 510, facilitating the transfer of the blank from the material slot 510 to the mold cavity 340 of the mold frame 330. When the material is completed, the material slot 510 is horizontally returned to the initial position, the second driving cylinder 440 drives the mounting plate 420 to move down, and the pressing punch 450 is driven to press the blank in the mold cavity 340; after the pressing is completed, the second driving cylinder 440 drives the mounting plate 420 to slide up and reset, and the first driving cylinder 360 drives the lower sliding platform 320 to move down, so that the blank is ejected from the corresponding mold cavity 340 by the negative pressure exhaust ejection device 220.

[0022] It should be noted that the guide column 310 vertically fixed on both sides of the rack 100 provides precise guidance and support for the lifting movement of the lower sliding platform 320 and the upper sliding platform 410, ensuring that the mold frame 330 and the pressing punch 450 move strictly vertically and linearly, effectively preventing deviation during pressing and ejection, and ensuring the precise alignment of the mold cavity 340, the pressing punch 450 and the negative pressure exhaust ejection device 220, thereby ensuring the forming quality and size consistency of the blank. The first driving cylinder 360 controls the lifting of the mold frame 330, and the second driving cylinder 440 controls the lifting of the pressing punch 450, so that the material preparation of the mold frame 330, the downward pressing of the pressing punch 450, and the downward ejection of the mold frame 330 after the pressing is completed can be independently and accurately controlled, realizing the full-automatic cycle from material preparation, pressing to ejection.

[0023] Further, please refer to Figure 5 , the pulsating pressing device 430 comprises a rotating shaft 431 rotatably installed in the mounting plate 420, a plurality of eccentric wheels 432 are distributed on the rotating shaft 431 in the axial direction, and a driving motor 433 is installed at one end of the mounting plate 420 for driving the rotating shaft 431; Specifically, when the second driving cylinder 440 drives the mounting plate 420 to move downward to drive the pressing punch 450 to press the blank in the mold cavity 340, the rotating shaft 431 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 433, thereby driving the eccentric wheels 432 to rotate circumferentially. During the rotation of the eccentric wheels 432, the center of gravity of the eccentric wheels 432 deviates from the axis of the rotating shaft 431, and the upper sliding platform 410 is vertically limited by the guide column 310, so that the entire mounting plate 420 can be driven to move vertically in high frequency and small amount, so as to drive the pressing punch 450 to produce periodic pulse pressing effect on the blank.

[0024] It should be noted that by driving the motor 433 to drive the rotating shaft 431 and the eccentric wheel 432 thereon to rotate at high speed, the rotary motion is converted into high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion of the mounting plate 420 in the vertical direction, so that the pressing punch 450 produces periodic pulse pressing on the blank, instead of static constant pressure, which can more effectively promote the reorganization and arrangement of the blank particles, and significantly improve the exhaust and densification effect. A single driving motor 433 and a rotating shaft 431 can drive multiple eccentric wheels 432 distributed along the axial direction, thereby simultaneously providing vibration force for all pressing punches 450; since the upper sliding table 410 is limited by the guide column 310 and can only slide vertically, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the eccentric wheel 432 is effectively constrained and converted into directional vertical vibration, and is directly transmitted to the mounting plate 420 and the pressing punch 450, ensuring that the vibration energy is all used for effective pressing, and improving the energy utilization rate and pressing effect.

[0025] Further, referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the pressing punch 450 comprises a pressing plate 451, the upper end of the pressing plate 451 is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 420 through a connecting column 452, a gas cavity 453 is formed in the pressing plate 451, a plurality of tapered suction holes 454 are equidistantly formed in the bottom of the gas cavity 453, a one-way valve plate 455 is embedded in the tapered suction hole 454, an exhaust groove 456 is formed in the connecting column 452 and communicates with the gas cavity 453, and a slot 457 is formed on one side of the exhaust groove 456. Specifically, when the pulsating pressing piece 430 drives the pressing plate 451 to move downward by a small amount, not only can the blank be pressed, but also the air in the blank can enter the pressing plate 451 through the tapered suction hole 454, at this time the one-way valve plate 455 is unidirectionally conducted, then the air is discharged through the exhaust groove 456 and the slot 457, then the pulsating pressing piece 430 drives the pressing plate 451 to move upward by a small amount to reset, at this time the one-way valve plate 455 is reversely cut off to avoid backflow of the discharged air to the blank; by driving the pressing plate 451 to vibrate reciprocatingly at high frequency through the pulsating pressing piece 430, periodic pressing and exhaust of the blank are realized.

[0026] It should be noted that through the arrangement of the gas cavity 453, the tapered suction hole 454, the one-way valve plate 455, the exhaust groove 456 and the slot 457, under the driving of the pulsating pressing piece 430, not only can the blank be pressed from above, but also the gas at the top of the blank can be actively sucked, which cooperates with the suction effect of the top blank exhaust and densification piece 220 to form a bidirectional exhaust channel penetrating through the upper and lower layers of the blank, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency and thoroughness. The opening and closing action of the one-way valve plate 455 is synchronized with the slight up and down movement of the pressing plate 451. When pressing down, the air pressure inside the blank increases, and the gas pushes open the one-way valve plate 455, enters the air cavity 453 and is discharged through the exhaust groove 456; when slightly lifted, the one-way valve plate 455 closes quickly, effectively preventing the exhausted gas from seeping back into the blank due to negative pressure; the design of the conical suction hole 454 and the rapid opening and closing action of the one-way valve plate 455 under high-pressure airflow can effectively prevent extremely fine blank particles from adhering to or clogging the exhaust channel, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the exhaust system.

[0027] In yet another embodiment, see Figure 9 and Figure 10 A cavity 221 is provided in the negative pressure exhaust top blank 220, and a lifting plate 222 is slidably embedded in the cavity 221. A plurality of exhaust needles 223 are equidistantly provided on the upper end surface of the lifting plate 222. The exhaust needles 223 are movable through the negative pressure exhaust top blank 220 and extend into the mold cavity 340. A plurality of air holes 224 are provided on the exhaust needles 223. An air channel 2221 communicating with the plurality of exhaust needles 223 is provided in the lifting plate 222. A negative pressure bin 228 is provided on one side of the top of the negative pressure exhaust top blank 220, and a connecting port 2222 communicating with the negative pressure bin 228 is provided on one side of the air channel 2221. An elastic flexible capsule 229 connected with the negative pressure bin 228 is provided in the connecting port 2222. Specifically, in the initial state, the lifting plate 222 is at the top of the cavity 221. At this time, each vacuum needle 223 extends into the mold cavity 340. After the material is distributed in each mold cavity 340 through the distribution groove 510, the vacuum needle 223 is pre-buried in the blank to form an exhaust channel. When the pressing punch 450 presses the blank, the lifting plate 222 moves downward synchronously, and negative pressure suction is generated in the negative pressure chamber 228. The air in the blank is sucked into the vacuum needle 223 through the air hole 224, and then the air is discharged through the air channel. 2221 and the connecting port 2222 enter the negative pressure chamber 228. During the downward movement of the lifting plate 222, the elastic flexible capsule 229 can undergo adaptive elastic stretching deformation, thereby always maintaining the connection between the negative pressure chamber 228 and the airway 2221; until the pressing punch 450 presses the blank into a brick. At this time, the pressing punch 450 cannot continue to descend, the lifting plate 222 descends into place, and each vacuum needle 223 also just completes exiting from the mold cavity 340 to ensure the density of the brick.

[0028] It should be noted that by pre-embedding the suction needle 223 with the air hole 224 into the blank, an exhaust starting point is formed directly inside the blank; during the pressing process, the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure chamber 228 acts directly on the deep part of the blank through the air channel 2221 and the suction needle 223, which can more effectively extract the air in the gaps between the particles, avoiding the problem of gas retention in the middle layer that may occur in traditional exhaust only from the bottom or top, and the exhaust path is shorter and more thorough; The lifting plate 222 drives all the suction needles 223 to move downward synchronously during the pressing process, so that the suction point can always follow the blank compression interface to move and continuously suck the blank area being compressed, ensuring that the exhaust effect is kept in the best state throughout the pressing stroke, and realizing dynamic exhaust without dead angle; At the end of the pressing stroke, the suction needles 223 are just completely withdrawn from the mold cavity 340, so that the bottom of the finally formed blank has no hole left by the suction needles 223, ensuring the integrity and flatness of the blank bottom surface, without subsequent repair, directly improving the appearance quality and yield of the product; The elastic flexible blister 229 can be made of soft materials such as silica gel, which can be elastically stretched and deformed adaptively when the lifting plate 222 moves downward, always maintaining the communication and sealing between the air duct 2221 and the negative pressure chamber 228, effectively solving the dynamic sealing problem between the lifting plate 222 and the negative pressure chamber 228, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the negative pressure during the entire exhaust process, and not leaking due to position change.

[0029] Further, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the cavity 221 is vertically fixed with a slide rod 225 on both sides, the lifting plate 222 is slidably sleeved on the corresponding slide rod 225 at both ends, and the slide rod 225 is sleeved with a spring 226 abutting against the lifting plate 222; the lifting plate 222 is symmetrically provided with a push rod 227 at both ends, the mold frame 330 is provided with a through hole 331 accommodating the corresponding push rod 227, and the pressing punch 450 is provided with a top rod 458 corresponding to the push rod 227; Specifically, when the pressing punch 450 moves downward, the top rod 458 is just inserted into the corresponding through hole 331, and as the pressing punch 450 continuously moves downward, the top rod 458 can push the push rod 227 to move downward synchronously, thereby driving the suction needles 223 on the lifting plate 222 to gradually withdraw from the bottom of the mold cavity 340, to realize layer-by-layer suction of the blank; when the pressing punch 450 completely compacts the blank, each suction needle 223 is just withdrawn from the mold cavity 340.

[0030] It should be noted that through the cooperation of the top rod 458, the push rod 227 and the through hole 331, the downward movement of the pressing punch 450 is directly converted into the downward movement of the lifting plate 222, ensuring that the withdrawal of the suction needles 223 is synchronized with the compaction of the blank; The symmetrically arranged slide rods 225 provide vertical guidance for the lifting movement of the lifting plate 222, preventing it from deviating, and ensuring smooth and synchronous movement of all suction needles 223, and the spring 226 provides a restoring force for the lifting plate 222, enabling it to automatically reset; The suction needle 223 just exits the mold cavity 340 completely at the end of the pressing stroke, so that the bottom of the finally formed brick blank has no hole left by the suction needle 223, ensuring the integrity of the brick blank and the flat bottom surface, without subsequent repair, directly improving the yield and quality of the product.

[0031] In further embodiments, referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , the distributing unit 500 further comprises a bottom plate 530 fixed to the frame 100, the distributing groove 510 is slidingly arranged on the bottom plate 530, and guide frames 512 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom plate 530; the distributing groove 510 is rotatably installed with rollers 511 adapted to the guide frames 512; one side of the frame 100 is rotatably installed with a swing lever 540, and the side of the distributing groove 510 away from the mold frame unit 300 is rotatably installed with a connecting rod 550; the connecting rod 550 is rotatably connected with the swing lever 540, and a distributing cylinder 560 is hinged between the middle of the swing lever 540 and the frame 100; Specifically, after the hopper 520 pours the blank into the distributing groove 510, the distributing cylinder 560 retracts the rod to drive the swing lever 540 to flip down, thereby pushing the distributing groove 510 through the connecting rod 550, and under the horizontal guiding action of the guide frames 512 on the rollers 511, the distributing groove 510 slides horizontally towards the mold frame unit 300, so as to realize the distribution; After the distribution is completed, the distributing cylinder 560 extends the rod again to drive the swing lever 540 to flip up, so as to horizontally pull back the distributing groove 510 to the initial position through the connecting rod 550.

[0032] It should be noted that the cooperation of the guide frames 512 and the rollers 511 provides accurate guidance and support for the horizontal movement of the distributing groove 510, ensuring that the distributing groove 510 always maintains stable and straight running during reciprocating motion, without jamming or deviation, thereby ensuring that the blank can be accurately and uniformly fed into each mold cavity 340 of the mold frame 330, improving the accuracy and consistency of the distribution; The crank slider mechanism composed of the swing lever 540 and the connecting rod 550 converts the linear extension and retraction motion of the distributing cylinder 560 into the required horizontal linear motion of the distributing groove 510, which can realize the required function in limited installation space, avoiding the installation and layout difficulties that may be caused by directly connecting the cylinder with the distributing groove 510.

[0033] Further, referring to Figure 13A group of driving rollers 513 and two groups of driven rollers 514 are respectively rotatably installed in the cloth chute 510, the driving roller 513 is coaxially fixedly connected with the roller 511, and the two groups of driven rollers 514 are horizontally distributed at the bottom of the cloth chute 510, a transmission belt 515 is sleeved on the driving roller 513 and the driven roller 514, a plurality of material stirring pieces 516 are equidistantly arranged on the transmission belt 515, and a plurality of through grooves 517 are arranged on the transmission belt 515 and staggered with the material stirring pieces 516; Specifically, when the blank is thrown into the cloth chute 510 by the hopper 520, the roller 511 rolls along the guide frame 512 when the cloth chute 510 is driven to move horizontally by the cloth cylinder 560, the driving roller 513 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the transmission belt 515 to move, and the material stirring pieces 516 on the transmission belt 515 are used to stir, disperse and spread the blank in the cloth chute 510, so that the blank is not locally accumulated, the through grooves 517 on the transmission belt 515 can pass the blank, so that the blank can be evenly covered on the bottom of the cloth chute 510, and the blank can be smoothly dropped into each mold cavity 340 to complete uniform distribution.

[0034] It should be noted that the internal transmission system composed of the driving roller 513, the driven roller 514, the transmission belt 515 and the material stirring piece 516 continuously stirs and disperses the blank in the cloth chute 510 while the cloth chute 510 moves, effectively breaks the accumulation and agglomeration of the blank, and makes the blank more evenly distributed in the chute, which is convenient for subsequent uniform filling into the mold cavity 340. The power source of the above-mentioned material uniformizing mechanism comes from the rolling of the roller 511 when the cloth chute 510 moves, the driving roller 513 is coaxially fixedly connected with the roller 511, the horizontal movement kinetic energy of the chute body is directly converted into the rotational kinetic energy of the transmission belt 515, the movement and the material uniformizing are realized at the same time, and a driving device does not need to be separately arranged for the material uniformizing function; the through grooves 517 arranged on the transmission belt 515 allow part of the blank to pass, and the stirring effect of the material stirring pieces 516 is combined, so that the blank is evenly covered on the bottom of the cloth chute 510, a uniform material layer is formed, the problems of insufficient filling or hollowing of some mold cavities 340 caused by blank arching or uneven distribution are avoided, and it is ensured that each mold cavity 340 can obtain blank with consistent weight and density.

[0035] Further, referring to Figure 13 A turnover frame 521 is rotatably arranged on the hopper 520, a shutter 522 adapted to the opening at the bottom of the hopper 520 is installed on the turnover frame 521, and an elastic pull belt 518 is connected between the shutter 522 and the sidewall of the cloth chute 510. Specifically, in the initial state, the turnover frame 521 is in a vertical and drooping posture due to gravity, at this time the shutter 522 is staggered with the lower end opening of the hopper 520, the hopper 520 is opened to realize feeding of the inside of the cloth trough 510; when the feeding is completed, the cloth cylinder 560 drives the cloth trough 510 to move horizontally to the side of the mold frame unit 300, thereby pulling the elastic pull belt 518, the elastic pull belt 518 pulls the shutter 522, the turnover frame 521 gradually rotates to the side of the mold frame unit 300, the shutter 522 gradually blocks the lower end opening of the hopper 520, in the process of horizontal movement of the cloth trough 510, the elastic pull belt 518 can be deformed adaptively until the cloth trough 510 is completely removed from below the hopper 520, the shutter 522 just blocks the bottom opening of the hopper 520 completely. When the cloth trough 510 is reset after feeding, the elastic pull belt 518 gradually contracts, and the shutter 522 is also opened synchronously, thereby realizing re-feeding of the cloth trough 510.

[0036] It should be noted that the horizontal movement of the cloth trough 510 and the opening and closing action of the shutter 522 are directly related through the elastic pull belt 518, when the cloth trough 510 moves to the mold frame unit 300 for feeding, the shutter 522 is automatically pulled to close the hopper 520; when the cloth trough 510 returns, the shutter 522 is automatically opened for feeding, the whole process is synchronized with the feeding action; The elastic pull belt 518 has a certain elasticity and can be deformed adaptively during pulling, so that the closing process of the shutter 522 is gradual and progressive, avoiding the impact on the equipment caused by instantaneous rigid closing, and also ensuring that the shutter 522 can tightly block the bottom opening of the hopper 520 to prevent leakage of the blank during feeding; the power required for opening and closing of the shutter 522 is completely taken from the kinetic energy of the movement of the cloth trough 510, which is provided by the cloth cylinder 560.

[0037] The application also provides a method for using an automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks, comprising the following steps: Step one, feeding the blank into the cloth trough 510 through the hopper 520; Step two, moving the cloth trough 510 horizontally to the mold frame 330 and sealingly abutting the upper end surface of the mold frame 330, the blank falls into each mold cavity 340; Step three, the installation plate 420 descends, each pressing punch 450 is inserted into the corresponding mold cavity 340, the pulsating pressing member 430 drives each group of pressing punches 450 to generate high-frequency and small-amplitude reciprocating motion, so as to periodically lift the pressing punch 450 to periodically vibrate and press the blank in the mold cavity 340; Step four, the negative pressure exhaust top blank member 220 continuously performs negative pressure exhaust on the internal gap of the blank, so as to promote the air in the blank to be exhausted and directionally migrated to the vacuum area; Step five, the installation plate 420 goes down, the mould frame 330 goes down, the green brick in the mould cavity 340 is pushed out by the negative pressure exhaust top blank 220.

[0038] The specific embodiments of the present application are described above, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and the above specific embodiments are only illustrative but not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application, which all belong to the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks, characterized in that: include: rack(100); A billet ejection unit (200) comprising a fixing platform (210) fixed on the frame (100) and a plurality of negative pressure exhaust billet ejection components (220) arranged on the fixing platform (210); A mold frame unit (300) includes a mold frame (330) that is escalably disposed directly above the fixed platform (210), wherein a plurality of mold cavities (340) corresponding to the negative pressure exhaust top blanks (220) are formed in the mold frame (330); A pressing unit (400) includes a mounting plate (420) that is movably disposed directly above the mold frame (330), a plurality of pressing punches (450) corresponding to the mold cavities (340) being disposed on the lower end surface of the mounting plate (420), and a pulsating pressing member (430) being mounted on the mounting plate (420); The material distribution unit (500) is arranged on one side of the mold frame unit (300), and comprises a material distribution trough (510) that can move horizontally and a hopper (520) arranged above the material distribution trough (510).

2. The automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold frame unit (300) further includes guide columns (310) vertically fixed to both sides of the frame (100), a lower slide (320) being slidably sleeved on the guide columns (310), the mold frame (330) being fixed on the lower slide (320), a first driving cylinder (360) being installed on the top of the frame (100), and an output end of the first driving cylinder (360) being fixedly connected to the lower slide (320) via a connecting frame (350); The pressing unit (400) further includes an upper slide (410) slidably mounted on the guide column (310), the mounting plate (420) is fixed on the upper slide (410), and a second driving cylinder (440) for driving the upper slide (410) is mounted on the top of the frame (100).

3. The automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulsating pressing member (430) includes a rotating shaft (431) rotatably mounted in a mounting plate (420), a plurality of eccentric wheels (432) being distributed along the axial direction on the rotating shaft (431), and a driving motor (433) for driving the rotating shaft (431) being mounted at one end of the mounting plate (420).

4. The automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressing punch (450) comprises a pressing plate (451), the upper end of the pressing plate (451) being fixedly connected to the mounting plate (420) via a connecting column (452), an air cavity (453) being provided in the pressing plate (451), a plurality of conical suction holes (454) being equidistantly provided at the bottom of the air cavity (453), a one-way valve plate (455) being embedded in the conical suction hole (454), an exhaust groove (456) being provided in communication with the air cavity (453), and a notch (457) being provided on one side of the exhaust groove (456).

5. The automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cavity (221) is provided in the negative pressure exhaust top blank (220), a lifting plate (222) is slidably embedded in the cavity (221), a plurality of exhaust needles (223) are equidistantly provided on the upper end surface of the lifting plate (222), the exhaust needles (223) movably penetrate the negative pressure exhaust top blank (220) and extend into the mold cavity (340), and a plurality of air holes (224) are provided on the exhaust needles (223); An air passage (2221) communicating with a plurality of air extraction needles (223) is provided in the lifting plate (222), a negative pressure chamber (228) is provided on one side of the top of the negative pressure exhaust top blank (220), a connecting port (2222) communicating with the negative pressure chamber (228) is provided on one side of the air passage (2221), and an elastic flexible capsule (229) connected to the negative pressure chamber (228) is provided in the connecting port (2222).

6. The automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to claim 5, characterized in that: Slide rods (225) are symmetrically and vertically fixed on both sides of the cavity (221), and both ends of the lifting plate (222) are slidably sleeved on the corresponding slide rods (225), and the slide rods (225) are sleeved with springs (226) that abut against the lifting plate (222); push rods (227) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the lifting plate (222), and a through hole (331) for accommodating the corresponding push rod (227) is opened in the mold frame (330), and a push rod (458) corresponding to the push rod (227) is provided on the pressing punch (450).

7. The automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material distributing unit (500) further comprises a bottom plate (530) fixed to the frame (100), the material distributing trough (510) being slidably arranged on the bottom plate (530), guide frames (512) being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom plate (530), and rollers (511) adapted to the guide frames (512) being rotatably mounted on the material distributing trough (510); A swing rod (540) is rotatably mounted on one side of the frame (100), a connecting rod (550) is rotatably mounted on the side of the material distribution trough (510) away from the mold frame unit (300), the connecting rod (550) is rotatably connected to the swing rod (540), and a material distribution cylinder (560) is hinged between the middle portion of the swing rod (540) and the frame (100).

8. The automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to claim 7, characterized in that: A group of driving rollers (513) and two groups of driven rollers (514) are rotatably mounted in the material distributing trough (510), the driving rollers (513) being coaxially fixedly connected to the rollers (511), the two groups of driven rollers (514) being horizontally distributed at the bottom of the material distributing trough (510), a transmission belt (515) being sleeved on the driving rollers (513) and the driven rollers (514), a plurality of material shifting pieces (516) being equidistantly arranged on the transmission belt (515), and a through groove (517) being staggered with the material shifting pieces (516) being opened on the transmission belt (515).

9. The automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to claim 7, characterized in that: A turning frame (521) is rotatably provided on the hopper (520), and a gate plate (522) adapted to the bottom opening of the hopper (520) is mounted on the turning frame (521). An elastic pull belt (518) is connected between the gate plate (522) and the side wall of the material distributing trough (510).

10. A method for using the automatic forming equipment for producing refractory bricks according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: feeding the blank into the distribution trough (510) through the hopper (520); Step 2: The material distribution trough (510) moves horizontally to the mold frame (330) and is sealed and fitted with the upper end surface of the mold frame (330), and the blank falls into each mold cavity (340); Step 3: The mounting plate (420) moves downward, and each pressing punch (450) is inserted into the corresponding die cavity (340). The pulsating pressing member (430) drives each group of pressing punches (450) to generate a high-frequency micro-amplitude reciprocating motion, forcing the pressing punches (450) to periodically lift slightly to perform periodic vibration pressing on the blank in the die cavity (340); Step 4: Negative pressure exhaust top blank (220) continuously applies negative pressure to the internal gap of the blank, so as to expel the air inside the blank and migrate it to the vacuum area; Step 5: The mounting plate (420) is lowered and reset, and the mold frame (330) is lowered, and the bricks in the mold cavity (340) are ejected by the negative pressure exhaust ejection blank (220).

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