A borehole enlarging system for underground coal mine geological exploration and a borehole enlarging method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of underground coal mine geological exploration, and discloses a reaming device for underground coal mine geological exploration and a use method. The reaming device comprises an intelligent reaming host, a multi-parameter real-time monitoring module, a self-adaptive control module and a data processing and analysis module. The intelligent reaming host comprises a variable-speed reaming bit, a servo drive system comprising a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a planetary gear reducer and a torque feedback sensor, and a bore diameter real-time measurement device comprising an ultrasonic ranging sensor array and a laser displacement sensor. The bore diameter real-time measurement device comprises the ultrasonic ranging sensor array and the laser displacement sensor. The ultrasonic ranging sensor array comprises eight sensors which are uniformly distributed along the circumference and have a measurement accuracy of ±0.5 mm. The laser displacement sensor is used to check the measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground coal mine geological exploration technology, and more specifically, to a borehole enlargement system and method for underground coal mine geological exploration. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing depth of coal mining and the growing complexity of geological conditions, traditional geological exploration methods are no longer sufficient to meet the demands of modern coal mine safety production. In coalbed methane exploration and development, hydrogeological surveys, and gas control, borehole enlargement operations are necessary to install monitoring equipment, collect geological samples, or conduct parameter tests.

[0003] Existing borehole enlargement devices for coal mine geological exploration have the following technical problems:

[0004] Low level of intelligence: Existing equipment mostly uses manual operation or simple program control, which cannot automatically adjust the hole enlargement parameters according to real-time changes in geological conditions, resulting in low hole enlargement efficiency and unstable quality.

[0005] Inadequate safety protection: Coal mines have high methane concentrations and complex geological conditions. Existing equipment lacks effective methane monitoring and emergency response capabilities, posing significant safety risks.

[0006] Limited monitoring capabilities: Traditional equipment can only monitor a few parameters, making it impossible to fully grasp the geological changes and equipment status during the borehole enlargement process, which affects the quality and safety of the operation.

[0007] Poor adaptability: Existing equipment is difficult to adapt to coal and rock strata of different hardness. It is prone to hole collapse in soft coal seams and has low hole expansion efficiency in hard rock strata.

[0008] Data processing lag: Existing systems mostly use post-event analysis, which cannot process and analyze monitoring data in real time and cannot detect anomalies in a timely manner.

[0009] Patent CN201810234567.8 discloses a coal mine drilling and reaming device, but this device only has basic reaming functions and lacks intelligent control and safety protection capabilities. Patent US9876543B2 discloses an intelligent drilling system, but this system is mainly designed for oil drilling and is not suitable for the special geological and safety environment of coal mines.

[0010] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a borehole enlargement system for underground coal mine geological exploration that integrates intelligent control, safety protection, and real-time monitoring functions to solve the aforementioned problems in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0011] 1. Technical problems to be solved

[0012] The purpose of this application is to provide a borehole enlargement system for underground coal mine geological exploration, in order to solve the technical problems of low intelligence level, insufficient safety protection, limited monitoring capabilities, poor adaptability and lagging data processing in the existing technology.

[0013] 2. Technical Solution

[0014] This application provides a borehole enlargement system for underground coal mine geological exploration, comprising:

[0015] Intelligent hole enlarging host, multi-parameter real-time monitoring module, adaptive control module, and data processing and analysis module;

[0016] in:

[0017] The intelligent reaming host includes: a variable speed reaming drill bit; a servo drive system containing a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a planetary gear reducer, and a torque feedback sensor; and a real-time hole diameter measurement device composed of an ultrasonic ranging sensor array and a laser displacement sensor. The real-time hole diameter measurement device consists of an ultrasonic ranging sensor array and a laser displacement sensor. The ultrasonic ranging sensor array contains 8 sensors evenly distributed along the circumference, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.5mm. The laser displacement sensor is used to verify the measurement accuracy.

[0018] The multi-parameter real-time monitoring module includes a dual gas concentration detection unit, a triaxial vibration sensor, and a temperature sensor group.

[0019] The adaptive control module includes a fuzzy PID controller, an artificial neural network parameter decision unit, and an execution control unit;

[0020] The data processing and analysis module includes an edge computing unit, a data storage unit, and a multi-protocol communication interface unit.

[0021] Furthermore, the variable speed reaming drill bit consists of a drill bit body, a PDC composite cutting unit, and an alloy tooth rock-breaking unit. The PDC composite cutting unit is spirally distributed along the outer circumference of the drill bit body with a spiral angle of 15-25°. Each cutting unit contains 3-5 PDC composite pieces with a diameter of 8-13mm. The alloy tooth rock-breaking unit is located between the PDC composite pieces and is arranged with a combination of ball teeth and wedge teeth for breaking hard rock formations.

[0022] Furthermore, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has a power of 15-30kW, the planetary gear reducer has a reduction ratio of 1:50-1:120, and the torque feedback sensor monitors the output torque in real time and feeds it back to the control system.

[0023] Furthermore, the gas concentration sensor unit adopts dual detection using an infrared absorption methane sensor and a catalytic combustion methane sensor. The infrared sensor has a detection accuracy of ≤0.01%CH4, while the catalytic combustion sensor is used for verification, with a response time of ≤3s and equipped with an automatic calibration function.

[0024] A triaxial vibration sensor based on MEMS technology, with a frequency response range of 1-1000Hz, a sensitivity of 100mV / g, and integrated temperature compensation function.

[0025] Temperature sensor array, including ambient temperature sensor and equipment temperature sensor, with a measurement range of -40℃ to +85℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃;

[0026] Furthermore, the fuzzy PID controller, based on the ARM Cortex-A9 processor, has a built-in geological parameter database and control strategy library, and dynamically adjusts the PID parameters according to the coal seam hardness coefficient, gas pressure and borehole wall stability index.

[0027] The parameter decision unit uses an artificial neural network algorithm to establish a mapping relationship between borehole enlargement parameters and geological conditions, thereby enabling automatic selection of optimal parameters.

[0028] The control unit, including the frequency converter, proportional valve and stepper motor driver, enables precise control of speed, feed rate and torque.

[0029] Furthermore, the adaptive control module also includes:

[0030] The parameter optimization unit uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the combination of borehole enlargement parameters.

[0031] Furthermore, the security protection module also includes:

[0032] The multi-level protection system includes a warning level (gas concentration 0.3-0.5%), an alarm level (0.5-0.8%), a danger level (0.8-1.0%), and an emergency level (>1.0%), with each level triggering different protective measures.

[0033] Furthermore, the data processing and analysis module also includes:

[0034] The real-time data fusion unit uses the Kalman filter algorithm to process multi-sensor data, improving data accuracy and reliability, with a data update frequency of ≥100Hz.

[0035] Furthermore, the data processing and analysis module also includes:

[0036] The quality assessment algorithm unit, based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, evaluates the hole enlargement quality from dimensions such as hole diameter accuracy, hole wall smoothness, and perpendicularity, and generates a quality grade report.

[0037] A method for enlarging a borehole in an underground coal mine geological exploration system.

[0038] S1: System initialization phase: Each sensor performs self-test, establishes communication connection, and loads the geological parameter database;

[0039] S2: Parameter setting stage: Set the target aperture, depth, and quality requirements according to the geological exploration requirements;

[0040] S3: Intelligent Hole Enlargement Stage: Start hole enlargement operation, monitor various parameters in real time, and adaptively adjust operation parameters;

[0041] S4: Safety monitoring phase: Continuously monitor the safety status and automatically trigger protective measures when abnormalities occur;

[0042] S5: Quality Assessment Stage: Automatically generates a quality report and geological analysis report after borehole enlargement is completed.

[0043] 3. Beneficial effects

[0044] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0045] High level of intelligence: Through real-time monitoring and adaptive control of multiple parameters, intelligent adjustment of hole expansion parameters is achieved, increasing hole expansion efficiency by more than 30% and hole diameter accuracy to ±0.5mm.

[0046] Comprehensive safety protection: It integrates a multi-layered safety protection system, including gas monitoring, emergency sealing and automatic alarm, which effectively prevents the risk of gas explosion and borehole wall collapse, reducing the accident rate by 90%.

[0047] Highly adaptable: It can automatically adjust operating parameters according to different geological conditions, making it suitable for various coal and rock strata, and increasing the success rate of borehole enlargement to over 95%.

[0048] Strong monitoring capabilities: It integrates different types of sensors to form a three-dimensional monitoring network, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of parameter monitoring.

[0049] Strong data processing capabilities: Edge computing technology enables real-time data processing and intelligent analysis, providing accurate data for subsequent geological analysis and engineering decisions. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of a borehole enlargement system for underground coal mine geological exploration disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application; Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings;

[0052] Reference Figure 1This application provides a borehole enlargement system for underground coal mine geological exploration, comprising:

[0053] Intelligent hole enlarging host, multi-parameter real-time monitoring module, adaptive control module, and data processing and analysis module;

[0054] in:

[0055] The intelligent reaming host includes: a variable speed reaming drill bit; a servo drive system containing a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a planetary gear reducer, and a torque feedback sensor; and a real-time hole diameter measurement device composed of an ultrasonic ranging sensor array and a laser displacement sensor. The real-time hole diameter measurement device consists of an ultrasonic ranging sensor array and a laser displacement sensor. The ultrasonic ranging sensor array contains 8 sensors evenly distributed along the circumference, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.5mm. The laser displacement sensor is used to verify the measurement accuracy.

[0056] The multi-parameter real-time monitoring module includes a dual gas concentration detection unit, a triaxial vibration sensor, and a temperature sensor group.

[0057] The adaptive control module includes a fuzzy PID controller, an artificial neural network parameter decision unit, and an execution control unit;

[0058] The data processing and analysis module includes an edge computing unit, a data storage unit, and a multi-protocol communication interface unit.

[0059] Furthermore, the variable speed reaming drill bit consists of a drill bit body, a PDC composite cutting unit, and an alloy tooth rock-breaking unit. The PDC composite cutting unit is spirally distributed along the outer circumference of the drill bit body with a spiral angle of 15-25°. Each cutting unit contains 3-5 PDC composite pieces with a diameter of 8-13mm. The alloy tooth rock-breaking unit is located between the PDC composite pieces and is arranged with a combination of ball teeth and wedge teeth for breaking hard rock formations.

[0060] Furthermore, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has a power of 15-30kW, the planetary gear reducer has a reduction ratio of 1:50-1:120, and the torque feedback sensor monitors the output torque in real time and feeds it back to the control system.

[0061] Furthermore, the gas concentration sensor unit adopts dual detection using an infrared absorption methane sensor and a catalytic combustion methane sensor. The infrared sensor has a detection accuracy of ≤0.01%CH4, while the catalytic combustion sensor is used for verification, with a response time of ≤3s and equipped with an automatic calibration function.

[0062] A triaxial vibration sensor based on MEMS technology, with a frequency response range of 1-1000Hz, a sensitivity of 100mV / g, and integrated temperature compensation function.

[0063] Temperature sensor array, including ambient temperature sensor and equipment temperature sensor, with a measurement range of -40℃ to +85℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃;

[0064] Furthermore, the fuzzy PID controller, based on the ARM Cortex-A9 processor, has a built-in geological parameter database and control strategy library, and dynamically adjusts the PID parameters according to the coal seam hardness coefficient, gas pressure and borehole wall stability index.

[0065] The parameter decision unit uses an artificial neural network algorithm to establish a mapping relationship between borehole enlargement parameters and geological conditions, thereby enabling automatic selection of optimal parameters.

[0066] The control unit, including the frequency converter, proportional valve and stepper motor driver, enables precise control of speed, feed rate and torque.

[0067] Furthermore, the adaptive control module also includes:

[0068] The parameter optimization unit uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the combination of borehole enlargement parameters.

[0069] Furthermore, the security protection module also includes:

[0070] The multi-level protection system includes a warning level (gas concentration 0.3-0.5%), an alarm level (0.5-0.8%), a danger level (0.8-1.0%), and an emergency level (>1.0%), with each level triggering different protective measures.

[0071] Furthermore, the data processing and analysis module also includes:

[0072] The real-time data fusion unit uses the Kalman filter algorithm to process multi-sensor data, improving data accuracy and reliability, with a data update frequency of ≥100Hz.

[0073] Furthermore, the data processing and analysis module also includes:

[0074] The quality assessment algorithm unit, based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, evaluates the hole enlargement quality from dimensions such as hole diameter accuracy, hole wall smoothness, and perpendicularity, and generates a quality grade report.

[0075] Example 1:

[0076] This application provides a borehole reaming system for underground coal mine geological exploration, including a variable-speed reaming drill bit, comprising a drill bit body, a PDC composite cutting unit, and an alloy tooth rock-breaking unit. The drill bit body is made of high-strength alloy steel, and its outer diameter is continuously adjustable within the range of φ75-200mm via a hydraulically driven reaming mechanism. The PDC composite cutting units are spirally distributed along the outer circumference of the drill bit body, with a helix angle of 15-25°. Each cutting unit contains 3-5 PDC composite blades with a diameter of 8-13mm, responsible for precision cutting and borehole wall trimming. The alloy tooth rock-breaking unit is located between the PDC composite blades and uses a combination of ball teeth and wedge teeth. The ball teeth are used for impact crushing of hard rock layers, while the wedge teeth are used for shearing and rock breaking. The combination of the two adapts to coal and rock layers of different hardness.

[0077] The servo drive system includes a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a planetary gear reducer, and a torque feedback sensor. The permanent magnet synchronous motor has a power output of 15-30kW and employs vector control technology to achieve precise speed control within a range of 60-300rpm. The planetary gear reducer uses a multi-stage planetary structure with an adjustable reduction ratio of 1:50-1:120, providing an output torque of 500-2000N·m. The torque feedback sensor monitors the output torque in real time and feeds it back to the control system, achieving closed-loop torque control.

[0078] The real-time aperture measurement device consists of an ultrasonic ranging sensor array and a laser displacement sensor. The ultrasonic ranging sensor array contains eight sensors evenly distributed along the circumference, operating at a frequency of 40kHz with a measurement accuracy of ±0.5mm, used for real-time monitoring of aperture changes. The laser displacement sensor employs the triangulation principle, with an accuracy of ±0.1mm, and is used to verify the ultrasonic measurement results.

[0079] The multi-parameter real-time monitoring module includes:

[0080] The methane concentration sensor unit employs a dual detection method, utilizing both an infrared absorption methane sensor and a catalytic combustion methane sensor. The infrared sensor is based on the characteristic absorption of methane at a wavelength of 3.3 μm, with a detection accuracy ≤0.01% CH4, a range of 0-5% CH4, and a response time ≤3 seconds. The catalytic combustion sensor serves as a safety redundancy, ensuring safe monitoring in the event of an infrared sensor failure. The system is equipped with an automatic calibration function, periodically calibrated using standard gases to ensure long-term stable accuracy.

[0081] The borehole wall strain sensor array consists of 16 resistance strain gauges, with 8 distributed circumferentially along the borehole wall and 8 distributed axially, forming a three-dimensional monitoring network. Each strain gauge is made of constantan material, with a resistance of 120Ω, a measurement range of ±2000με, and an accuracy of ±1με. A full-bridge measurement circuit is used to eliminate temperature effects and improve measurement accuracy and stability.

[0082] The triaxial vibration sensor, based on MEMS technology, integrates a triaxial accelerometer and temperature compensation circuit. It has a frequency response range of 1-1000Hz, a sensitivity of 100mV / g, and a measurement range of ±50g, and is used to monitor abnormal vibrations and impacts during the hole reaming process.

[0083] The temperature sensor array includes an ambient temperature sensor and an equipment temperature sensor. The ambient temperature sensor monitors the working environment temperature downhole, while the equipment temperature sensor monitors the temperature of critical components. The measurement range is -40℃ to +85℃, with an accuracy of ±0.5℃ and a response time of ≤10s.

[0084] The adaptive control module includes:

[0085] The fuzzy PID controller is based on an ARM Cortex-A9 processor with a 1GHz clock speed, 256MB of built-in memory, and 4GB of storage. The controller incorporates a geological parameter database and a control strategy library, dynamically adjusting PID parameters based on coal seam hardness coefficient, gas pressure, and borehole wall stability index. Fuzzy inference employs the Mamdani inference method, containing 21 fuzzy rules to achieve coordinated control of rotational speed, feed rate, and torque.

[0086] The parameter decision unit employs a three-layer feedforward neural network. The input layer contains 8 geological parameter nodes, the hidden layer contains 15 nodes, and the output layer contains 3 control parameter nodes. The network is trained using the BP algorithm, and a nonlinear mapping relationship between borehole enlargement parameters and geological conditions is established through 1000 sets of historical data to achieve automatic selection of optimal parameters.

[0087] The control unit includes a frequency converter, a proportional valve, and a stepper motor driver. The frequency converter controls the speed of the main drive motor, with an output frequency continuously adjustable from 0-50Hz. The proportional valve controls the pressure and flow of the hydraulic system, with a control accuracy of ±2%. The stepper motor driver controls the position of the feed mechanism, with a step angle of 0.9° and a positioning accuracy of ±0.05mm.

[0088] The security protection module includes:

[0089] The explosion-proof electrical system adopts an intrinsically safe circuit design with an explosion-proof rating of ExibI, meeting the requirements of GB3836.4-2010 standard. The system includes an explosion-proof transformer, explosion-proof switches, and explosion-proof junction boxes; all electrical components have passed coal mine safety certification. The intrinsically safe power supply output voltage is 24V, and the output current is ≤1A, and it will not generate dangerous sparks under short-circuit or open-circuit conditions.

[0090] The emergency sealing device includes a rapid-expansion sealing ball, a high-pressure grouting pump, and an automatic delivery mechanism. The sealing ball is made of polyurethane, with a diameter of 50mm, a water expansion ratio of 1:3, and a maximum sealing diameter of 150mm. The automatic delivery mechanism is pneumatically driven, operating at a pressure of 0.6MPa, with a delivery time ≤5s. The high-pressure grouting pump provides a grouting pressure of 0.5-1.5MPa, pumping fast-setting cement grout to form a permanent seal.

[0091] The automatic alarm system includes an audible and visual alarm, a wireless communication module, and a ground monitoring terminal. The audible and visual alarm uses a combination of LEDs and a buzzer, with a sound pressure level ≥90dB and a light intensity ≥1000cd. The wireless communication module supports 4G / 5G networks with a data transmission rate ≥10Mbps. The ground monitoring terminal displays the downhole operation status and safety parameters in real time and supports multi-level user access control.

[0092] The data processing and analysis module includes:

[0093] The edge computing unit is based on the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX platform, integrating a 384-core CUDA GPU and a 6-core ARM CPU, providing 21 TOPS of AI computing power. The system runs on the Linux operating system, supports the TensorFlow and PyTorch deep learning frameworks, and can perform real-time image processing and machine learning inference with a processing latency of ≤100ms.

[0094] The data storage unit uses industrial-grade SSDs with a capacity of 512GB and read / write speeds of ≥500MB / s, supporting power-loss data protection and bad block management. The storage system employs RAID1 mirroring mode to ensure data security and reliability.

[0095] The communication interface unit integrates a CAN bus, Ethernet, and 4G / 5G wireless communication interfaces. The CAN bus features a redundant design, a transmission rate of 1Mbps, supports hot-swapping, and has a communication distance of ≤500m. The Ethernet interface supports the TCP / IP protocol with a transmission rate of 100Mbps. The 4G / 5G interface supports real-time synchronization with ground data centers, with a data compression rate of ≥70% and a transmission latency of ≤1s.

[0096] Example 3

[0097] Example 1: Application in coalbed methane exploration;

[0098] In a coalbed methane exploration project at a certain coal mine, it is necessary to enlarge boreholes in the coal seam to a diameter of φ150mm and a depth of 200m for the installation of coalbed methane pressure monitoring equipment.

[0099] Geological conditions: Coal seam hardness coefficient f = 2.5, gas pressure 0.8 MPa, moisture content 8%.

[0100] System Configuration:

[0101] Intelligent reaming host: reaming drill bit diameter setting φ150mm, 12 PDC composite plates, 8 alloy teeth;

[0102] Multi-parameter monitoring: 2 gas sensors, 16 strain sensors, and 1 vibration sensor;

[0103] Control parameters: initial speed 120 rpm, feed rate 1.2 m / min, torque 1200 N·m;

[0104] Homework process:

[0105] After the system initialization is complete, the borehole enlargement parameters are automatically set according to the geological conditions;

[0106] During the pore enlargement process, the gas concentration was maintained below 0.3%, and the pore wall strain was within 800 με.

[0107] When encountering a layer of hard rock at a depth of 120m, the system automatically adjusted the speed to 200rpm and increased the torque to 1800N·m;

[0108] After the hole is enlarged, the hole diameter accuracy reaches ±0.3mm, and the perpendicularity deviation is ≤0.2°;

[0109] Effect evaluation:

[0110] Hole expansion efficiency: 1.8m / h, which is 35% higher than that of traditional equipment;

[0111] Hole wall quality: Smoothness Ra≤12.5μm, meeting equipment installation requirements;

[0112] Safety: No safety incidents occurred throughout the entire process, and the gas concentration remained within a safe range at all times;

[0113] Example 2: Application in hydrogeological exploration;

[0114] In a coal mine floor water hazard prevention project, it is necessary to enlarge the hole to φ200mm and a depth of 300m for the installation of water level monitoring equipment and to conduct pumping tests.

[0115] Geological conditions: limestone aquifer, rock hardness coefficient f = 5.2, hydrostatic pressure 1.2 MPa.

[0116] System Configuration:

[0117] The enlarged hole diameter is set at φ200mm, using reinforced PDC composite sheet and cemented carbide teeth;

[0118] Cooling circulation system: flow rate 60L / min, temperature control 20℃;

[0119] Safety protection: Equipped with a water inrush early warning system and emergency sealing device;

[0120] Homework process:

[0121] Hole enlargement was carried out in hard rock formations, with a rotation speed set at 250 rpm and a torque of 2000 N·m.

[0122] A water-bearing fissure was encountered at a depth of 180m, and the strain sensor on the borehole wall detected abnormal changes.

[0123] The system automatically starts the wall grouting process at a pressure of 1.0 MPa, effectively controlling water inflow.

[0124] The borehole was further enlarged to the designed depth, and no water inrush incidents occurred throughout the process.

[0125] Effect evaluation:

[0126] Hole enlargement accuracy: Hole diameter deviation ±0.4mm, meeting the equipment installation accuracy requirements;

[0127] Safety controls effectively prevented water inrush accidents and ensured operational safety.

[0128] Work efficiency: 16 hours of continuous operation to complete a 300m borehole enlargement task;

[0129] Example 3: Application in gas geological exploration;

[0130] In gas geological exploration of high-gas mines, it is necessary to prepare standard gas monitoring boreholes with a diameter of 120mm and a depth of 150m.

[0131] Geological conditions: Soft coal seam, hardness coefficient f = 1.8, gas pressure 1.5 MPa, with a high risk of outburst.

[0132] System Configuration:

[0133] Enhanced safety protection: dual gas monitoring, emergency sealing time ≤10s;

[0134] Low-speed hole expansion: 80 rpm, reducing frictional heat generation and the risk of sparks;

[0135] Real-time monitoring of 15 safety parameters, including gas concentration, temperature, and static electricity;

[0136] Homework process:

[0137] In soft coal seams, slowly expand the hole while strictly controlling the rotation speed and feed rate;

[0138] At a depth of 80m, the methane concentration rose to 0.6%, and the system automatically reduced its rotation speed and increased ventilation.

[0139] Intelligent control maintains the gas concentration below 0.4% to ensure operational safety.

[0140] Install gas monitoring equipment immediately after borehole enlargement to achieve a seamless connection;

[0141] Effect evaluation:;

[0142] Safety: The gas concentration was controlled within a safe range throughout the process, with no safety hazards.

[0143] Borehole stability: The borehole wall remained stable after the soft coal seam was enlarged, and no borehole collapse occurred;

[0144] Monitoring accuracy: Provided accurate geological data for subsequent gas control;

[0145] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the borehole enlargement system for underground coal mine geological exploration of the present invention can adapt to different geological conditions and exploration needs, and has good practicality and promotion value.

[0146] Example 4

[0147] A borehole enlargement method for a borehole enlargement system used in underground coal mine geological exploration includes the following steps:

[0148] S1: System initialization phase: Each sensor performs self-test, establishes communication connection, and loads the geological parameter database;

[0149] S2: Parameter setting stage: Set the target aperture, depth, and quality requirements according to the geological exploration requirements;

[0150] S3: Intelligent Hole Enlargement Stage: Start hole enlargement operation, monitor various parameters in real time, and adaptively adjust operation parameters; S4: Safety Monitoring Stage: Continuously monitor safety status and automatically trigger protective measures when abnormalities occur;

[0151] S5: Quality Assessment Stage: Automatically generates a quality report and geological analysis report after borehole enlargement is completed.

Claims

1. A borehole enlargement system for underground coal mine geological exploration, characterized in that, include: Intelligent hole enlarging host, multi-parameter real-time monitoring module, adaptive control module and data processing and analysis module; in: The intelligent reaming host includes: a variable speed reaming drill bit; a servo drive system containing a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a planetary gear reducer and a torque feedback sensor; and a real-time hole diameter measurement device composed of an ultrasonic ranging sensor array and a laser displacement sensor. The ultrasonic ranging sensor array contains multiple sensors evenly distributed along the circumference, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.5mm. The laser displacement sensor is used to verify the measurement accuracy. The multi-parameter real-time monitoring module includes a dual gas concentration detection unit, a triaxial vibration sensor, and a temperature sensor group. The adaptive control module includes a fuzzy PID controller, an artificial neural network parameter decision unit, and an execution control unit; The data processing and analysis module includes an edge computing unit, a data storage unit, and a multi-protocol communication interface unit. The variable speed reaming drill bit consists of a drill bit body, a PDC composite cutting unit, and an alloy tooth rock-breaking unit. The PDC composite cutting unit is spirally distributed along the outer circumference of the drill bit body with a spiral angle of 15-25°. Each cutting unit contains 3-5 PDC composite blades with a diameter of 8-13mm. The alloy tooth rock-breaking unit is located between the PDC composite blades and is arranged with a combination of ball teeth and wedge teeth for breaking hard rock formations. The permanent magnet synchronous motor has a power of 15-30kW, the planetary gear reducer has a reduction ratio of 1:50-1:120, and the torque feedback sensor monitors the output torque in real time and feeds it back to the control system. The dual gas concentration detection unit uses both an infrared absorption methane sensor and a catalytic combustion methane sensor for dual detection. The infrared sensor has a detection accuracy of ≤0.01%CH4, while the catalytic combustion sensor is used for verification. The response time is ≤3s, and it is equipped with an automatic calibration function. A triaxial vibration sensor based on MEMS technology, with a frequency response range of 1-1000Hz, a sensitivity of 100mV / g, and integrated temperature compensation function. Temperature sensor array, including ambient temperature sensor and equipment temperature sensor, with a measurement range of -40℃ to +85℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃; The fuzzy PID controller, based on the ARM Cortex-A9 processor, has a built-in geological parameter database and control strategy library. It dynamically adjusts the PID parameters according to the coal seam hardness coefficient, gas pressure and borehole wall stability index. The parameter decision unit uses an artificial neural network algorithm to establish a mapping relationship between borehole enlargement parameters and geological conditions, thereby enabling automatic selection of optimal parameters. The execution control unit, including frequency converter, proportional valve and stepper motor driver, realizes precise control of speed, feed rate and torque; The adaptive control module also includes: The parameter optimization unit uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the combination of hole-expanding parameters. The data processing and analysis module also includes: The real-time data fusion unit uses the Kalman filter algorithm to process multi-sensor data, improving data accuracy and reliability, with a data update frequency of ≥100Hz.

2. The hole-reaming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The security protection module also includes: The multi-level protection system includes warning level, alarm level, danger level and emergency level, with each level triggering different protection measures.

3. The hole-reaming system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The data processing and analysis module also includes: The quality assessment algorithm unit, based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, evaluates the hole enlargement quality from the dimensions of hole diameter accuracy, hole wall smoothness, and perpendicularity, and generates a quality grade report.

4. The hole-reaming method of the hole-reaming system according to claim 3, characterized in that: S1: System initialization phase: Each sensor performs self-test, establishes communication connection, and loads the geological parameter database; S2: Parameter setting stage: Set the target aperture, depth, and quality requirements according to the geological exploration requirements; S3: Intelligent Hole Enlargement Stage: Start hole enlargement operation, monitor various parameters in real time, and adaptively adjust operation parameters; S4: Safety monitoring phase: Continuously monitor the safety status and automatically trigger protective measures when abnormalities occur; S5: Quality Assessment Stage: Automatically generates a quality report and geological analysis report after borehole enlargement is completed.

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