A steam condensate recovery device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of condensate recovery, in particular to a steam condensate recovery device, comprising a storage tank for storing condensate, an input unit for supplying condensate into the storage tank and a heat exchange structure located in the storage tank and used for heat exchange; the heat exchange structure comprises a cold water pipe and a sleeve pipe sleeved outside the cold water pipe, the cold water pipe is used for conveying cold water, and the cold water pipe and the sleeve pipe are communicated through a plurality of through holes opened on the cold water pipe; the continuous recovery and treatment of condensate can be realized by adopting the mode of continuous flash evaporation, and since the condensate is only converted into flash steam, the latent heat can be effectively released, the energy recovery rate is improved, and the structure mode is greatly simplified without the need to provide matching conveying, treatment and other equipment for the remaining condensate, thereby reducing the cost investment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of condensate recovery, and in particular to a steam condensate recovery device. Background Technology

[0002] Steam systems are widely used in industries such as power, chemical, pharmaceutical, and food processing. They are an important energy carrier in industrial production. During the use of steam, high-temperature steam releases heat and condenses into liquid condensate. The condensate still has high pressure and temperature. If it is discharged directly, it will cause a large amount of energy loss and pose a high-temperature hazard to the environment. Therefore, the recovery and utilization of condensate is an important aspect of modern energy optimization and utilization.

[0003] Traditional condensate recovery methods utilize flash evaporation to generate low-pressure steam and residual condensate. The low-pressure steam can be used for preheating, heat exchange, and low-temperature drying, while the residual condensate is recycled back to the boiler for reuse. However, since flash evaporation releases the latent heat in the condensate, the residual condensate, due to its low temperature and pressure, cannot release its latent heat. Therefore, the energy in the residual condensate cannot be effectively released and recovered, easily leading to energy waste. Furthermore, the use, transportation, and treatment of residual condensate increase operating costs, requiring numerous supporting equipment such as transfer pumps, water quality testing equipment, and filtration equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a steam condensate recovery device, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A steam condensate recovery device includes a storage tank for storing condensate, an input unit for supplying condensate into the storage tank, and a heat exchange structure located inside the storage tank for heat exchange.

[0007] The heat exchange structure includes a cold water pipe and an outer sleeve fitted outside the cold water pipe. The cold water pipe is used to transport cold water. The cold water pipe and the outer sleeve are connected by several openings on the cold water pipe. The outer sleeve is equipped with a flash valve to control the fluid in the storage tank to enter the outer sleeve. A water pump is installed at the output end of the cold water pipe.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange structure further includes a plurality of heat exchange fin groups and a multi-port pipe II located in the storage tank. A plurality of output ends of the multi-port pipe II are respectively connected to the input ends of a plurality of heat exchange fin groups. The output ends of a plurality of heat exchange fin groups are all connected to the cold water pipe, and the input end of the multi-port pipe II is used to supply cold water.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, a pressure valve is provided at the input end of the multi-port pipe II, and the pressure valve is used in conjunction with the flash valve.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flash valve performs continuous or intermittent venting.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchanger assembly includes a flow convergence zone, a heat exchange zone, and a flow diffusion zone connected in sequence. The flow convergence zone is connected to the cold water pipe. The heat exchange zone consists of several vertical sections arranged in a horizontal sequence and a transition section for connecting two adjacent vertical sections. Several water holes are provided on the transition section, and the water holes are isolated from the interior of the heat exchanger assembly. The flow diffusion zone is connected to one output end of the multi-port pipe.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the vertical portion is an irregular shape designed to increase the contact area.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer sleeve is composed of several staggered guide surfaces and concave surfaces. The guide surfaces are used to guide fluid to flow toward the outer wall of the cold water pipe, and the concave surfaces are used to collect and guide a portion of the fluid reflected from the outer wall of the cold water pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner and outer walls of the cold water pipe are provided with a plurality of heat exchange grooves.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the top of the storage tank is provided with a secondary chamber for holding the flash valve, the secondary chamber is further provided with an expansion chamber, and the flash valve and the outer casing are connected through the expansion chamber.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the top of the expansion chamber passes through the sub-chamber and extends outward, the top of the expansion chamber is open, a piston is slidably disposed inside the expansion chamber, and the piston and the expansion chamber are connected by an elastomer, the piston and the elastomer are used to buffer the air pressure inside the expansion chamber.

[0017] The technical solution of this invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0018] By producing flash steam through continuous flash evaporation, continuous recovery and treatment of condensate can be achieved. Since the condensate is only converted into flash steam, its latent heat can be effectively released, improving the energy recovery rate. Furthermore, there is no need to provide supporting equipment for conveying and treating the remaining condensate, which greatly simplifies the structure and reduces costs. By first subjecting the flash steam to heat exchange and then directly integrating it into cold water, a gradual heating method for the cold water can be achieved, which facilitates equipment protection and avoids damage caused by excessive temperature fluctuations. At the same time, the cold water can be directly used to absorb the steam, thus avoiding the cost of setting up a separate supporting structure for steam recovery. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the storage tank from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of cross-section structure;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outer tube in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical part on the heat exchange zone in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the expansion chamber in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 100. Storage tank; 101. Control valve; 102. Collection box;

[0029] 200. Input unit; 201. Drainage channel; 202. Input pump; 203. Multi-port pipe one;

[0030] 300. Heat exchange structure; 301. Cold water pipe; 302. Outer casing; 303. Port; 304. Flash valve; 305. Water pump; 306. Heat exchange fin assembly; 307. Multi-port pipe II; 308. Pressure valve; 309. Water hole; 310. Guide surface; 311. Outer concave surface; 312. Heat exchange tank; 313. Merging area; 314. Heat exchange zone; 315. Drainage zone; 316. Secondary chamber; 317. Expansion chamber; 318. Piston; 319. Elastomer. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a steam condensate recovery device of the present invention includes a storage tank 100 for storing condensate, an input unit 200 for supplying condensate into the storage tank 100, and a heat exchange structure 300 located in the storage tank 100 for heat exchange.

[0034] The heat exchange structure 300 includes a cold water pipe 301 and an outer sleeve 302 sleeved outside the cold water pipe 301. The cold water pipe 301 is used to transport cold water. The cold water pipe 301 and the outer sleeve 302 are connected by several openings 303 on the cold water pipe 301. The outer sleeve 302 is provided with a flash valve 304 to control the fluid in the storage tank 100 to enter the outer sleeve 302. The output end of the cold water pipe 301 is provided with a water pump 305.

[0035] In this invention, the input unit 200 can transport the steam condensate generated by the boiler or other equipment into the storage tank 100. During this process, the input unit 200 can pressurize the condensate or simply transport it. That is, the transport pressure of the input unit 200 can be actively adjusted according to the pressure of the condensate in the storage tank 100. Of course, a controller or other structure can also be set up. If the pressure of the condensate output by the boiler or other equipment is high, the input unit 200 can be omitted, or the flow of the condensate can be used to reverse the energy recovery by acting on the input unit 200. The storage tank 100 is mainly used to store condensate under high temperature and high pressure, which can provide a high pressure environment for subsequent flash evaporation. The liquid level inside the storage tank 100 is within a specified range. The heat exchange structure 300 is mainly used for heat exchange. The specific exchange parties are steam and cold water. The cold water is mainly used to replenish the water source inside the boiler. The steam is flash steam, which heats the cold water through the heat exchange structure 300, thereby realizing energy recovery.

[0036] During operation, the water pump 305 actively draws cold water, creating a negative pressure environment inside the cold water pipe 301. Due to the flash valve 304, the outer casing 302 is initially under negative pressure, preventing water from the cold water pipe 301 from flowing into it through the port 303. The input unit 200 introduces high-temperature, high-pressure condensate into the storage tank 100. Because the outer casing 302 is under negative pressure while the storage tank 100 is under high pressure, as the amount of condensate in the storage tank 100 increases and the pressure continues to rise, the steam on the upper side of the storage tank 100 enters the outer casing 302 through the flash valve 304, thus depressurizing. At this time, the condensate level in the storage tank 100 gradually decreases, the condensate flashes and forms new steam, and the latent heat in the condensate is rapidly released. The steam inside the outer casing 302 heats the cold water pipe 301 and uses the cold water pipe 301 to exchange heat with the cold water inside. As steam is continuously introduced, the steam inside the outer casing 302 flows along the length of the outer casing 302 and moves to the port 303. At this time, the heat-exchanged steam directly enters the cold water in the cold water pipe 301 through the port 303. The cold water directly absorbs the steam, thereby enabling the steam to exchange heat with the cold water and directly fuse and heat it. This completes the absorption of steam at the same time. The temperature of the cold water rises and is introduced into the boiler through the water pump 305, thereby realizing the recovery of energy. Since the condensate can be continuously introduced into the storage tank 100 through the input unit 200, the flash evaporation phenomenon can continue to occur in the outer casing 302, thereby continuously generating flash steam.

[0037] In actual use, a small amount of water in the cold water pipe 301 is allowed to flow into the outer casing 302 through the port 303. However, when steam in the outer casing 302 continuously enters the cold water pipe 301 through the port 303, the flow of steam will block the water in the cold water pipe 301 from flowing into the outer casing 302. The top of the cold water pipe 301 can extend beyond the storage tank 100. The water pump 305 is located outside the storage tank 100 and is connected to the cold water pipe 301. The outer casing 302 is located inside the storage tank 100, and both the outer casing 302 and the cold water pipe 301 are vertically arranged. The flash valve 304 is located at the top of the outer casing 302, and the port 303 is opened on the side wall of the cold water pipe 301 inside the lower side of the outer casing 302. When the fluid stored in the storage tank 100 is saturated steam and condensate, high-pressure steam will be introduced into the outer casing 302 through the flash valve 304.

[0038] By producing flash steam through continuous flash evaporation, continuous recovery and treatment of condensate can be achieved. Since the condensate is only converted into flash steam, its latent heat can be effectively released, improving the energy recovery rate. Furthermore, there is no need to provide supporting equipment for conveying and treating the remaining condensate, which greatly simplifies the structure and reduces costs. By first subjecting the flash steam to heat exchange and then directly integrating it into cold water, a gradual heating method for the cold water can be achieved, which facilitates equipment protection and avoids damage caused by excessive temperature fluctuations. At the same time, the cold water can be directly used to absorb the steam, thus avoiding the cost of setting up a separate supporting structure for steam recovery.

[0039] It should be noted that since only flash steam is generated inside the storage tank 100, the condensate inside the storage tank 100 does not need to be filtered. Impurities in the condensate can settle directly. The control valve 101 and collection box 102 installed at the bottom of the storage tank 100 can be used to collect the impurities. Of course, for some floating impurities, flocculants can be added periodically for sedimentation and cleaning. To facilitate impurity recovery, the bottom of the storage tank 100 can be set in a conical shape. The input unit 200 can be several diversion channels 201 and an input pump. 202 and multi-way pipe 203 are connected to the input end of the input pump 202, which is connected to the condensate discharge port of the boiler. The input pump 202 guides the condensate through the multi-way pipe 203 into multiple diversion channels 201. The diversion channels 201 are connected to the storage tank 100, so that the condensate is continuously replenished into the storage tank 100. In some embodiments, the diversion channels 201 can be tilted to discharge the condensate into the storage tank 100. In this way, the flow of condensate can help the impurities in the storage tank 100 to accumulate and settle.

[0040] Since the condensate stored in storage tank 100 is under high temperature and high pressure, its sensible heat temperature is relatively high. To recover this sensible heat, an additional heat exchange structure can be added inside storage tank 100, as detailed below. Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchange structure 300 also includes several heat exchange fin groups 306 and a multi-port pipe 307 located within the storage tank 100. Several output ends of the multi-port pipe 307 are respectively connected to the input ends of several heat exchange fin groups 306. The output ends of all heat exchange fin groups 306 are connected to the cold water pipe 301, and the input end of the multi-port pipe 307 is used to supply cold water. Each output end of the multi-port pipe 307 is equipped with a heat exchange fin group 306, and the distribution of the heat exchange fin groups 306 within the storage tank 100 can be in a straight line. Arranged in a linear, square matrix, or ring pattern, cold water enters from the inlet of multi-port pipe 307 and is then directed into several heat exchanger fin groups 306. The condensate in storage tank 100 directly contacts the heat exchanger fin groups 306, thereby heating the cold water in the heat exchanger fin groups 306. This recovers the sensible heat of the condensate in storage tank 100 under high temperature and high pressure. The cooled water after heat exchange is then directly directed into cold water pipe 301 and undergoes secondary heat exchange using steam, thereby improving energy recovery efficiency.

[0041] During continuous flash evaporation inside storage tank 100, to ensure the pressure difference across flash valve 304 remains within the specified range and to prevent pressure fluctuations in the condensate within storage tank 100 from affecting normal flash evaporation, the pressure of the cold water entering multi-port pipe 307 can be adjusted, i.e., the negative pressure within cold water pipe 301 can be adjusted. Specifically, for example... Figure 2 As shown, a pressure valve 308 is provided at the input end of the multi-port pipe 307. The pressure valve 308 is used in conjunction with the flash valve 304. The pressure valve 308 adjusts the cold water inlet pressure, while the pumping pressure of the water pump 305 can be set to a constant value. This adjustment method can realize the adjustment of the pressure inside the cold water pipe 301 and the outer casing 302, thereby ensuring that the pressure difference on both sides of the flash valve 304 is always within the specified range.

[0042] In some embodiments, the pressure difference across the flash valve 304 can also be adjusted.

[0043] During flash evaporation, the operation can be continuous or intermittent, meaning the flash valve 304 can continuously or intermittently ventilate. Continuous venting requires the differential pressure to be maintained within a certain range, while intermittent venting allows for periodic fluctuations in the differential pressure. These fluctuations can begin with a higher differential pressure, which decreases as venting continues within a cycle, then stops, causing the differential pressure to rise again. This increases the energy released by latent heat. The flash valve 304 can be an aeration valve or a pressure regulating valve, or a combination of both.

[0044] Optimized from the above implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchanger assembly 306 includes a flow convergence zone 313, a heat exchange zone 314, and a flow diffusion zone 315 connected in sequence. The flow convergence zone 313 is connected to the cold water pipe 301. The heat exchange zone 314 consists of several vertical sections arranged in a horizontal sequence and a transition section for connecting two adjacent vertical sections. Several water holes 309 are provided on the transition section, and the water holes 309 are isolated from the interior of the heat exchanger assembly 306. The flow diffusion zone 315 is connected to one output end of the multi-port pipe 307.

[0045] In this invention, several vertical sections are arranged sequentially, and transition sections can connect adjacent vertical sections, thereby allowing the overall shape of the heat exchange zone 314 to be as follows. Figure 3 The S-shape shown can be combined with other vertical sections and transition sections to form various shapes such as rings and matrices in three-dimensional space. As long as heat exchange can be achieved, they are all within the scope of protection of this case. The shape of the transition section can be any shape such as arc, straight line, or cone. The purpose of the diversion and diffusion zone 315 is to form a flat elongated opening at the connection point with one of the output ends of the multi-port pipe 307, so as to facilitate the uniform introduction of cold water into the heat exchange zone 314 and avoid the accumulation of cold water and uneven heat exchange. The confluence zone 313 is mainly used to connect the heat exchange zone 314 and the cold water pipe 301, so that the cold water that has been heat exchanged in the heat exchange zone 314 can flow directly into the cold water pipe 301.

[0046] To further improve the heat exchange effect of heat exchange zone 314, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the vertical part is an irregular shape to increase the contact area; the irregular shape mentioned here is as follows: Figure 6 The wave shape shown can also be any shape such as an arc arranged in sequence, as long as it can increase the contact area, it is within the scope of protection of this case.

[0047] Optimized from the above implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the outer sleeve 302 is composed of several staggered guide surfaces 310 and concave surfaces 311. The guide surfaces 310 are used to guide the fluid to flow toward the outer wall of the cold water pipe 301, and the concave surfaces 311 are used to collect and guide part of the fluid reflected from the outer wall of the cold water pipe 301.

[0048] The outer casing 302 is typically cylindrical. When steam flows downwards within the outer casing 302, the temperature of the steam near the outer wall of the cold water pipe 301 is relatively low, while the temperature of the steam further away from the outer wall of the cold water pipe 301 is relatively high. This results in uneven heat exchange within the outer casing 302. To avoid this phenomenon, methods such as... Figure 5 The structure shown is such that the shape of the outer sleeve 302 is specially designed. When the steam continuously passes through each guide surface 310, each guide surface 310 can guide the steam to flow towards the outer wall of the cold water pipe 301. The steam reflected by the outer wall of the cold water pipe 301 will enter the concave surface 311 and continue to flow downward. The guide surface 310 adjacent to the concave surface 311 guides the steam again. This makes the steam in the outer sleeve 302 flow laterally back and forth when it flows downward, so that it can fully and evenly contact the outer wall of the cold water pipe 301, ensuring that the steam temperature inside the cold water pipe 301 is uniform.

[0049] When the steam inside the outer casing 302 comes into contact with the outer wall of the cold water pipe 301, in order to increase the heat exchange efficiency, such as Figure 5 As shown, several heat exchange grooves 312 are provided on both the inner and outer walls of the cold water pipe 301. This can simultaneously increase the contact area between the cold water pipe 301 and the cold water and steam, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. To avoid the heat exchange grooves 312 affecting the fluid flow, the heat exchange grooves 312 can be set in a spiral shape, and the beginning and end of the spiral shape extend to the outer or inner wall surface of the cold water pipe 301. Thus, the heat exchange grooves 312 can both increase the contact area and guide the fluid towards the inner wall of the outer sleeve 302 or the middle of the cold water pipe 301, achieving the self-mixing effect of the fluid.

[0050] Optimized from the above implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the top of the storage tank 100 is provided with a secondary chamber 316 for holding the flash valve 304. An expansion chamber 317 is also provided inside the secondary chamber 316, and the flash valve 304 and the outer casing 302 are connected through the expansion chamber 317. The expansion chamber 317 provides a larger storage space for the flashed steam, which facilitates the large-area diffusion and release of the steam, avoiding self-crowding of the steam and affecting the flashing effect. The secondary chamber 316 provides installation space for the flash valve 304, and this keeps the flash valve 304 away from the condensate in the storage tank 100, preventing the condensate from directly entering the expansion chamber 317 through the flash valve 304. At the same time, the valve stem of the flash valve 304 can extend to the outside of the secondary chamber 316, which makes it convenient for workers to directly operate the flash valve 304.

[0051] Based on the above implementation, such as Figure 7As shown, the top of the expansion chamber 317 passes through the sub-chamber 316 and extends outward. The top of the expansion chamber 317 is open, and a piston 318 is slidably disposed inside the expansion chamber 317. The piston 318 and the expansion chamber 317 are connected by an elastic body 319. The piston 318 and the elastic body 319 are used to buffer the gas pressure inside the expansion chamber 317. The sub-chamber 316 and the expansion chamber 317 can be connected together by welding. The opening at the top of the expansion chamber 317 allows the piston 318 to move up and down. The elastic body 319 can provide elastic force to the piston 318. In this way, when the pressure inside the storage tank 100 fluctuates, the steam discharged into the expansion chamber 317 will also fluctuate. At this time, the pressure fluctuation will push the piston 318 to move, and the elastic body 319 will undergo elastic deformation, thereby achieving a pressure stabilization effect and facilitating the smooth flow of steam.

[0052] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A steam condensate recovery device, characterized in that, It includes a storage tank for storing condensate, an input unit for supplying condensate into the storage tank, and a heat exchange structure located inside the storage tank for heat exchange. The heat exchange structure includes a cold water pipe and an outer sleeve fitted outside the cold water pipe. The cold water pipe is used to transport cold water. The cold water pipe and the outer sleeve are connected by several openings on the cold water pipe. The outer sleeve is equipped with a flash valve to control the fluid in the storage tank to enter the outer sleeve. A water pump is installed at the output end of the cold water pipe.

2. The steam condensate recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange structure also includes several heat exchange fin groups and a multi-port pipe II located inside the storage tank. Several output ends of the multi-port pipe II are respectively connected to the input ends of several heat exchange fin groups. The output ends of several heat exchange fin groups are all connected to the cold water pipe, and the input end of the multi-port pipe II is used to supply cold water.

3. The steam condensate recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The input end of the multi-port pipe is equipped with a pressure valve, which is used in conjunction with the flash valve.

4. The steam condensate recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flash valve can continuously or intermittently ventilate.

5. A steam condensate recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchanger assembly includes a flow convergence zone, a heat exchange zone, and a flow diffusion zone connected in sequence. The flow convergence zone is connected to the cold water pipe. The heat exchange zone consists of several vertical sections arranged horizontally in sequence and a transition section for connecting two adjacent vertical sections. Several water holes are provided on the transition section, and the water holes are isolated from the interior of the heat exchanger assembly. The flow diffusion zone is connected to one output end of the multi-port pipe.

6. A steam condensate recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the vertical part is an irregular shape designed to increase the contact area.

7. The steam condensate recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer sleeve consists of several staggered guide surfaces and concave surfaces. The guide surfaces are used to guide the fluid to flow toward the outer wall of the cold water pipe, and the concave surfaces are used to collect and guide part of the fluid reflected from the outer wall of the cold water pipe.

8. A steam condensate recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several heat exchange grooves are provided on both the inner and outer walls of the cold water pipe.

9. A steam condensate recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage tank has a secondary chamber at the top for holding the flash valve, and an expansion chamber is provided in the secondary chamber. The flash valve and the outer casing are connected through the expansion chamber.

10. A steam condensate recovery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top of the expansion chamber passes through the sub-chamber and extends outward. The top of the expansion chamber is open. A piston is slidably disposed inside the expansion chamber, and the piston is connected to the expansion chamber by an elastic body. The piston and the elastic body are used to buffer the air pressure inside the expansion chamber.

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