Method, device and system for testing anti-icing retention time

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-icing retention time testing method, device and system, and belongs to the field of civil aviation, and the anti-icing retention time testing device comprises a meteorological element integration and acquisition module, a calculation module, a storage display module and a rainfall weighing device. The meteorological element integration and acquisition module comprises a meteorological instrument, a data acquisition unit and a data acquisition unit processing unit, the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data of the meteorological instrument, and the data acquisition unit processing unit is used for converting and calculating the data of the meteorological instrument, converting the data of the meteorological instrument into meteorological information, and sending the meteorological information to the meteorological instrument; the meteorological information enters the calculation module in a communication mode; according to various meteorological information, the theoretical anti-icing fluid retention time is accurately calculated, the theoretical anti-icing retention time is corrected through other signals such as wind speed, wind direction, altitude air pressure and the like, and the remaining time in the corrected retention time is corrected according to future dynamic meteorological information, so that the anti-icing fluid retention time is corrected. And the anti-icing retention time is more accurate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the civil aviation technical field, and in particular, relates to a test method, device and system for anti-icing retention time. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the civil aviation field, in winter under icing conditions, ice, snow and frost can directly affect the safe operation of an aircraft, can make the outer surface of the aircraft rough, increase the weight of the aircraft, limit the range of activity of the aircraft control surface, cause instrument error, and even cause the aircraft to stall in severe cases. Therefore, in order to ensure normal navigation and flight safety, the ice and snow on the surface of the aircraft must be removed under low temperature conditions.

[0003] At present, the method for determining the anti-icing retention time of a liquid at an airport is as follows: according to the meteorological information issued by the local meteorological bureau, the retention time of the anti-icing liquid is determined, that is, according to the minimum weather temperature, the type of precipitation and the amount of precipitation issued by the local meteorological bureau, the minimum use time of the anti-icing liquid under the meteorological conditions is determined in combination with the standard specification, and the minimum use time is used as the retention time of the anti-icing liquid. Therefore, the above method does not accurately determine in combination with real-time meteorological information, and the manual query of the specification table is used to check and confirm the time, which is long and has poor accuracy. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the present application provides a test method, device and system for anti-icing retention time.

[0005] The present application provides a test method for anti-icing retention time, comprising the following steps: S1, real-time collection of meteorological data and precipitation weight, calculation of precipitation deposition rate according to the change of precipitation weight per unit time; the meteorological data includes temperature and humidity information, air pressure information, wind speed information, wind direction information and weather phenomenon information, and the weather phenomenon information includes visibility and precipitation type; S2, selecting parameters (I, A, B) according to the temperature and humidity information and the precipitation type, and calculating the theoretical anti-icing retention time according to the formula t=10 I *R A *(2-T) B , wherein I, A and B are basic performance parameters of the anti-icing liquid, t is the theoretical anti-icing retention time, T is the environmental temperature, and R is the precipitation deposition rate; The precipitation deposition rate represents the weight of accumulated snow or precipitation per square decimeter per hour; The snow intensity represents the change of precipitation weight per unit time (one minute); Precipitation deposition rate = snow intensity / 3.14 (effective area is 3.14 square decimeters) * 60 (minutes), The unit is g / square decimeter*hour; S3, correcting the theoretical anti-icing holding time t according to the air pressure information, the wind speed information and the wind direction information, specifically including: judging whether the theoretical anti-icing holding time t exceeds a correction range; If it exceeds, correcting according to the formula n1=K1*t; wherein n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time, K1 is a dynamic correction coefficient, used for correcting a comprehensive calculation coefficient of air pressure, wind speed and wind direction; If it does not exceed, n1=t; S4, after the theoretical anti-icing holding time t is corrected, judging whether the theoretical anti-icing holding time t changes within the holding time of the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time n1 every minute; If it changes, correcting according to the formula n2=K2*(n1-natural elapsed time), wherein n2 is the remaining anti-icing holding time, K2 is a remaining anti-icing holding time correction coefficient; If it does not change, n2=n1-natural elapsed time; S5, using the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time n1 and the remaining anti-icing holding time n2 for operation guidance of de-icing operation and airplane release operation.

[0006] In step S1, specifically including: measuring the amplitude and duration of the light pulse generated when each precipitation particle falls into the sample area, and determining the particle size and speed according to the amplitude and duration; collecting the particle size and speed information in a data matrix, and storing according to time interval x to generate a particle size and speed sample; based on the particle size and speed sample, constructing a precipitation identification matrix, and determining the precipitation type according to the particle size and speed distribution information in the precipitation identification matrix.

[0007] In step S3, specifically including: when the wind speed is lower than 5 m / s, the anti-icing holding time is not corrected; when the wind speed is greater than 5 m / s, n1=m1*m2*t; m1=1-0.2*((wind speed-5) / (maximum wind speed range)); m2=(1-air pressure influence factor); wherein n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time, and m1 and m2 are respectively dynamic correction parameters of wind speed and wind direction on the anti-icing holding time at this moment.

[0008] In step S4, specifically including: Let t0 be the starting deicing moment, the initial modified anti-icing holding time of the aircraft; t1 is the current last moment of the modified theoretical holding time; t2 is the current moment of the modified theoretical holding time; t3 is the remaining anti-icing holding time; t3' is the remaining holding time calculation temporary intermediate quantity; t0=k0*R0 A *(2-T0) B , t1=k1*R1 A *(2-T1) B , t2=k2*R2 A *(2-T2) B , Wherein, k0, k1, k2 are the coefficients of the initial moment, the last moment and the current moment affected by the wind speed and direction, R0, R1, R2 are the precipitation deposition rates of the initial moment, the last moment and the current moment, T0, T1, T2 are the environmental temperatures of the initial moment, the last moment and the current moment; α, if t2>=t0, the weather change does not exceed the initial aircraft collection anti-icing holding time, t3 is not modified, and the normal time elapses, t3'=t3-1, 1 represents 1 minute; the current remaining anti-icing holding time is recorded as the starting time for the next time, and the remaining anti-icing holding time t3=t3'; β, if t2<t0 and t2<t1, the current moment is worse than the last moment, and is worse than the initial moment after the aircraft deicing, and the remaining anti-icing holding time is shortened at this time: If t2>=t3, the modified remaining anti-icing holding time is t3'=t3*(t2 / t0), At the same time, the short modified theoretical holding time is assigned as the last recorded data t1=t2; The remaining time is the modified remaining anti-icing holding time t3=t3'; If t2<t3, the modified remaining anti-icing holding time is t3'=t2*(t2 / t0), At the same time, the short modified theoretical holding time is assigned as the last recorded data t1=t2; The remaining time is the modified remaining anti-icing holding time t3=t3'.

[0009] The application also provides a precipitation weighing device, which comprises a heat preservation control box, a heat preservation cavity is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the heat preservation control box, a weighing sensor is arranged in the heat preservation cavity, and the weighing sensor is connected with a data acquisition and analysis unit through a communication cable; The top end of the heat preservation control box is provided with a detachable wind shield, which is divided into upper and lower sections, the upper section can be directly opened, and the lower section is fixed on the top of the heat preservation control box. A rainfall barrel is arranged in the wind shield, the bottom of the rainfall barrel is fixedly connected with a weighing sensor, and a liquid blocking ring is arranged at the joint of the rainfall barrel and the weighing sensor and the top end of the heat preservation control box. An electric heating wire is arranged on the top of the rainfall barrel, a heating cavity is arranged in the heat preservation control box, a heating temperature control assembly and a data acquisition controller are arranged in the heating cavity, and an electrical control box is arranged at the lower end of the heating cavity; a touch display screen is arranged on the panel of the heating cavity and the electrical control box respectively. A circulating fan is arranged at the lower end of the heating temperature control assembly, a cable outlet is arranged at the lower end of the electrical control box, a foot wheel is arranged at the bottom end of the heat preservation control box, and an observation glass is arranged on the door of the heat preservation control box.

[0010] The application also provides a test system, which comprises a meteorological element integration and acquisition module, a calculation module, a storage and display module, and the above-mentioned precipitation weighing device. The meteorological element integration and acquisition module comprises a meteorological instrument, a data collector and a data collector processing unit, the data collector is used for collecting meteorological instrument data, and the data collector processing unit is used for converting and calculating the meteorological instrument data, converting the meteorological instrument data into meteorological information, and transmitting the meteorological information into the calculation module in a communication mode. The calculation module comprises a calculation system, a touch screen and a 4G module, the calculation system is used for calculating an anti-icing time, the anti-icing time is calculated in the calculation system and transmitted in a wired or wireless communication mode according to an agreed protocol format, the touch screen is used for displaying data, and the 4G module is used for remotely transmitting data in a 4G transmission mode. The precipitation weighing device is used for measuring precipitation and transmitting the measurement result to the calculation system. The storage and display module is used for receiving and displaying the data transmitted by the 4G module.

[0011] Further, the data collector comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, an air pressure sensor and a weather phenomenon sensor, which are respectively used for observing the atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure and precipitation type in the collection area in real time, and the precipitation weighing device measures the precipitation weight in real time.

[0012] Further, the data transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensor, the air pressure sensor, the wind direction sensor is transmitted in the form of analog quantity, the data transmitted by the wind speed sensor is transmitted in the form of pulse quantity, the data transmitted by the weather phenomenon sensor and the weighing sensor is transmitted in the form of differential signal, and the data transmission of the data collector processing unit follows MODBUS TCP protocol and TCP / IP protocol.

[0013] The present application has the advantages that: The present application can accurately calculate the accurate holding time of the anti-icing liquid in use in the country according to various meteorological information and by using the holding time model given by FAA, and can correct the theoretical anti-icing holding time by introducing other signals such as wind speed and wind direction into the system, and can dynamically correct the remaining holding time according to meteorological information in the corrected holding time, and can update the anti-icing holding time at a speed of 1 minute, so that the system can accurately reflect the anti-icing holding time, and can also quantize the anti-icing holding time.

[0014] The data collection time is 1 minute, the snowfall amount can be quickly updated, the weighing sensor has high accuracy, the snowfall amount change can be weighed more truly and effectively, the data collector is arranged in the device, remote data collection can be realized, the device has a heating function at the top of the rain barrel, snow accumulation at the top can be prevented, the accuracy of snowfall is improved, the heating temperature control assembly controlled by electricity is arranged in the device, the use environment of the instrument is improved, the device can be normally used even at-40 degrees below zero, there is no such device on the market at present, and the device is tested and certified in a laboratory abroad, and has very good market prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a method flowchart of the present application; Figure 2 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the device of the present application; Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a H-directional sectional view in the present application; Figure 4 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the device of the present application; Figure 5 is Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part A in the present application; Figure 6 is a whole structural schematic diagram of the test system of the present application; Figure 7 is a data collection flowchart of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of the present disclosure to facilitate understanding. These details should be considered as merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Similarly, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0017] See also Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for testing anti-icing holding time, comprising the following steps: S1. Real-time collection of meteorological data and precipitation weight, and calculation of precipitation deposition rate based on the change in precipitation weight per unit time; meteorological data includes temperature and humidity information, air pressure information, wind speed information, wind direction information, and weather phenomenon information, and weather phenomenon information includes visibility and precipitation type; S2. Select parameters (I, A, B) based on temperature and humidity information and precipitation type, and use the formula t=10 I *R A *(2-T) B Calculate the theoretical anti-icing holdover time, where I, A, and B are the basic performance parameters of the anti-icing fluid, t is the theoretical anti-icing holdover time, T is the ambient temperature, and R is the precipitation rate; S3. Correcting the theoretical anti-icing holding time t according to the air pressure information, wind speed information, and wind direction information, specifically including: determining whether the theoretical anti-icing holding time t exceeds a correction range; If exceeded, correction is made according to the formula n1=K1*t; where n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time, and K1 is the dynamic correction coefficient, which is used to correct the comprehensive calculation coefficient of air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction; If not exceeded, then n1=t; S4. After correcting the theoretical anti-icing holding time t, during the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time n1, check every minute whether the theoretical anti-icing holding time t changes; If yes, then according to the formula n2=K2*(n1-natural elapsed time), where n2 is the remaining anti-icing hold time and K2 is the remaining anti-icing hold time correction factor; If not, then n2=n1-natural elapsed time; S5. Use the corrected theoretical anti-icing hold time n1 and the remaining anti-icing hold time n2 for guidance of anti-icing operations and aircraft launch operations.

[0018] In step S1, it specifically includes: The amplitude and duration of the light pulse generated when each precipitation particle falls into the sample area are measured, and the particle size and speed are determined based on the amplitude and duration; The particle size and velocity information is collected in a data matrix and stored at time intervals x to generate particle size and velocity samples. The time interval x can be set as required, for example, 1 minute. Based on the particle size and velocity samples, a precipitation identification matrix is ​​constructed, and the precipitation type is determined according to the particle size and velocity distribution information in the precipitation identification matrix.

[0019] In step S3, it specifically includes: When the wind speed is lower than 5m / s, the protection holding time will not be corrected; When the wind speed is greater than 5m / s, n1=m1*m2*t; m1=1-0.2*((wind speed-5) / (maximum wind speed range)); m2=(1-air pressure influence factor); Among them, n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time, m1 and m2 are the dynamic correction parameters of the anti-icing holding time for wind speed and wind direction at that moment, respectively.

[0020] In step S4, it specifically includes: Let t0 be the initial corrected anti-icing hold time of the aircraft at the start of de-icing; t1 be the corrected theoretical hold time at the previous moment; t2 be the corrected theoretical hold time at the current moment; t3 be the remaining anti-icing hold time; and t3' be the intermediate value temporarily stored in the calculation of the remaining hold time. t0=k0*R0 A *(2-T0) B , t1=k1*R1 A *(2-T1) B , t2=k2*R2 A *(2-T2) B , Among them, k0, k1, k2 are the coefficients affected by wind speed and direction at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively; R0, R1, R2 are the precipitation deposition rates at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively; T0, T1, T2 are the ambient temperatures at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively; If t2>=t0, and the weather change has not exceeded the initial anti-icing hold time collected by the aircraft, t3 will not be corrected and will elapse as normal time, t3'=t3-1, where 1 represents 1 minute; the current remaining anti-icing hold time is recorded as the starting time for the next calculation, and the remaining anti-icing hold time t3=t3'; β、If t2 <t0并且t2<t1,当前时刻比上一时刻气象变化恶劣,并且比飞机除完冰后的最开始时刻恶劣,剩余的防冰保持时间此时缩短: If t2 >= t3, the corrected remaining ice protection holding time is t3'= t3*(t2 / t0), At the same time, the now short corrected theoretical holding time is assigned as the last recorded data t1 = t2; The remaining time is the corrected remaining ice protection holding time t3 = t3'; If t2 < t3, the corrected remaining ice protection holding time is t3'= t2*(t2 / t0), At the same time, the now short corrected theoretical holding time is assigned as the last recorded data t1 = t2; The remaining time is the corrected remaining ice protection holding time t3 = t3'.

[0021] In this embodiment, the three ice protection times used in turn are: theoretical ice protection holding time -> corrected ice protection holding time -> remaining ice protection holding time.

[0022] At the start of aircraft ice protection, the corrected ice protection holding time at that moment is collected, and the ice protection holding time enters the countdown, and the countdown time is called the remaining ice protection holding time. The remaining ice protection holding time is affected by future weather changes.

[0023] At the moment when the aircraft starts to be sprayed with deicing liquid, the theoretical ice protection holding time is immediately collected, and the theoretical ice protection holding time is corrected according to the weather information, and the corrected time is used as the ice protection holding time of the deicing aircraft.

[0024] The remaining ice protection holding time refers to the remaining effective ice protection holding time of the deicing liquid after the aircraft is deiced. The holding time system collects the real-time corrected time every minute for data comparison, and the correction is a dynamic process.

[0025] As shown in Figures 2-5 The present application discloses a kind of precipitation weighing devices, including heat preservation control box 1, heat preservation control box 1 inner chamber top is equipped with heat preservation cavity 5, weighing sensor 4 is equipped in heat preservation cavity 5, weighing sensor 4 is connected with data acquisition analysis unit by communication cable; Heat preservation control box 1 top is provided with detachable wind shield 3, wind shield 3 is divided into upper and lower sections, upper section can be opened directly, lower section is fixed in heat preservation control box 1 top portion; Wind shield 3 is provided with rainfall barrel 2, rainfall barrel 2 bottom is fixedly connected with weighing sensor 4, rainfall barrel 2 and weighing sensor 4 are provided with liquid barrier ring 14 at heat preservation control box 1 top joint place; Rainfall barrel 2 top is provided with electric heating wire, heat preservation control box 1 is provided with heating cavity 6, heating cavity 6 is provided with heating temperature control component 7 and data acquisition controller, heating cavity 6 lower end is provided with electrical control box 9;Heating cavity 6 and electrical control box 9 are respectively provided with touch display screen 10 on the panel of; The lower end of the heating temperature control assembly 7 is provided with a circulating fan 8, the lower end of the electrical control box 9 is provided with a cable outlet 12, the bottom end of the heat preservation control box 1 is provided with a foot wheel 13, and the box door of the heat preservation control box 1 is provided with an observation glass 11.

[0026] The main research content of the device is the influence of meteorological environment on the anti-icing retention time, the change identification of the anti-icing retention time within 1 minute, and the measurement of the change of meteorological element information within this period of time is the most core requirement, so the accuracy and precision of the measurement are particularly important.

[0027] In order to ensure that the data within 1 minute can represent the true meaning, the accuracy and real-time of the sensor of the system are required.

[0028] The measurement of temperature, wind speed and air pressure has instantaneity and can accurately reflect real-time information. The precipitation type measuring instrument adopts a forward scattering type, which is a light forward scattering principle instrument controlled by a microprocessor to monitor the precipitation type. It emits an infrared light pulse and measures the size and speed of the precipitation particles passing through the sampling area of the instrument. By using appropriate algorithms, the measured signal value is converted into different precipitation types and outputted in a certain code. The data refresh time is 1 minute, which can reflect the precipitation type within 1 minute.

[0029] The precipitation amount measurement is composed of an industrial balance, a rain barrel and a wind shield. A high-precision weighing instrument is selected. The water inlet diameter is 200mm, the precipitation collection port area is 3.14 dm2, the weighing range is 0-3000g, the resolution is 0.005g, and the accuracy is 0.1g.

[0030] The industrial weighing balance is placed in the heat preservation box to ensure the working environment of the instrument. The independent rain barrel and wind shield are designed to convert the data into labeled MODBUS-RTU data and communicate with the meteorological data acquisition system for data operation and analysis.

[0031] The resolution of the instrument is 5mg, the repeatability is 0.1g, the effective measurement weight of the measuring barrel is 1500g, and an automatic cover is installed on the barrel. During measurement, the top is automatically covered, and after measurement, it is automatically opened for the next snow measurement.

[0032] Through the data of the temperature instrument, the precipitation amount tester and the precipitation type instrument, the type identification logic judgment of freezing fog, very small snow, small snow, medium snow and freezing rain is as follows: When the precipitation type instrument identifies rain, the air temperature is used as the first judgment condition. When the environmental temperature is lower than 0℃, it is determined as freezing rain. Combined with the precipitation intensity obtained by the precipitation amount sensor, it is determined as freezing drizzle (5~13 g / dm2 / h), small freezing rain (13~25 g / dm2 / h) When the precipitation type instrument identifies fog, the air temperature is taken as the first determination condition, and when the ambient temperature is lower than 0℃, the frozen fog is determined.

[0033] When the precipitation type instrument identifies snow, the precipitation amount is taken as the first determination condition, and according to the precipitation amount table, the precipitation amount is respectively identified as very small snow (3-4 g / dm2 / h), small snow (4-10 g / dm2 / h) and medium snow (10-25 g / dm2 / h).

[0034] The anti-icing retention time calculation model is a complex calculation system related to meteorology, and is nonlinear, multi-input, multi-output and multi-coupling. Real-time calculation of the anti-icing retention time is the key to solving the problem. According to the data provided by the FAA, only the temperature, the precipitation type and the precipitation intensity are taken as variables for calculating the retention time in the model. The device studies the influence of the air pressure and the wind speed on the anti-icing retention time on the basis of the above variable model, and the accuracy of the data model is improved with the increase of the variables.

[0035] As shown in Figures 6-7 , the application discloses a test system, which comprises a meteorological element integration and acquisition module, a calculation module and a storage display module, and the precipitation weighing device described above; The meteorological element integration and acquisition module comprises a meteorological instrument, a data collector and a data collector processing unit. The data collector is used for collecting meteorological instrument data, and the data collector processing unit is used for converting and calculating the meteorological instrument data, converting the meteorological instrument data into meteorological information, and transmitting the meteorological information into the calculation module in a communication mode; The calculation module comprises a calculation system, a touch screen and a 4G module. The calculation system is used for calculating the anti-icing retention time. The anti-icing retention time is calculated in the calculation system and transmitted in a wired or wireless communication mode according to the agreed protocol format. The touch screen is used for displaying data. The 4G module is used for remotely transmitting data in a 4G transmission mode; The precipitation weighing device is used for measuring the precipitation amount and transmitting the measurement result to the calculation system; The storage display module is used for receiving and displaying the data transmitted by the 4G module.

[0036] The data collector comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, an air pressure sensor and a weather phenomenon sensor, which are respectively used for observing the atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, the wind speed, the wind direction, the air pressure and the precipitation type in the collection area in real time. The precipitation weighing device measures the precipitation weight in real time.

[0037] The data transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensor, the air pressure sensor and the wind direction sensor is in the form of analog quantity, the data transmitted by the wind speed sensor is in the form of pulse quantity, the data transmitted by the weather phenomenon sensor and the weighing sensor is in the form of differential signal, and the data transmission by the data collector processing unit follows the MODBUS TCP protocol and the TCP / IP protocol.

[0038] The above detailed description does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for testing anti-icing holding time, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Real-time collection of meteorological data and precipitation weight, and calculation of precipitation sedimentation rate based on the change in precipitation weight per unit time; the meteorological data includes temperature and humidity information, air pressure information, wind speed information, wind direction information, and weather phenomenon information, and the weather phenomenon information includes visibility and precipitation type; S2. Select parameters (I, A, B) based on temperature and humidity information and precipitation type, and use the formula t=10 I *R A *(2-T) B Calculate the theoretical anti-icing holdover time, where I, A, and B are the basic performance parameters of the anti-icing fluid, t is the theoretical anti-icing holdover time, T is the ambient temperature, and R is the precipitation rate; S3. Correcting the theoretical anti-icing holding time t according to the air pressure information, wind speed information, and wind direction information, specifically including: determining whether the theoretical anti-icing holding time t exceeds a correction range; If exceeded, correction is made according to the formula n1=K1*t; where n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time, and K1 is the dynamic correction coefficient, which is used to correct the comprehensive calculation coefficient of air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction; If not exceeded, then n1=t; S4. After correcting the theoretical anti-icing holding time t, during the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time n1, check every minute whether the theoretical anti-icing holding time t changes; If yes, then according to the formula n2=K2*(n1-natural elapsed time), where n2 is the remaining anti-icing hold time and K2 is the remaining anti-icing hold time correction factor; If not, then n2=n1-natural elapsed time; S5. Use the corrected theoretical anti-icing hold time n1 and the remaining anti-icing hold time n2 for guidance of anti-icing operations and aircraft launch operations.

2. The method for testing the anti-icing holding time according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, it specifically includes: The amplitude and duration of the light pulse generated when each precipitation particle falls into the sample area are measured, and the particle size and speed are determined based on the amplitude and duration; The particle size and velocity information are collected in a data matrix and stored at time intervals x to generate particle size and velocity samples. Based on the particle size and velocity samples, a precipitation identification matrix is ​​constructed, and the precipitation type is determined according to the particle size and velocity distribution information in the precipitation identification matrix.

3. The method for testing the anti-icing holding time according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, it specifically includes: When the wind speed is lower than 5m / s, the protection holding time will not be corrected; When the wind speed is greater than 5m / s, n1=m1*m2*t; m1=1-0.2*((wind speed-5) / (maximum wind speed range)); m2=(1-air pressure influence factor); Among them, n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time, m1 and m2 are the dynamic correction parameters of the anti-icing holding time for wind speed and wind direction at that moment, respectively.

4. The method for testing the anti-icing holding time according to claim 1, wherein: In step S4, it specifically includes: Let t0 be the initial corrected anti-icing hold time of the aircraft at the start of de-icing; t1 be the corrected theoretical hold time at the previous moment; t2 be the corrected theoretical hold time at the current moment; t3 be the remaining anti-icing hold time; and t3' be the intermediate value temporarily stored in the calculation of the remaining hold time. t0=k0*R0 A *(2-T0) B , t1=k1*R1 A *(2-T1) B , t2=k2*R2 A *(2-T2) B , Among them, k0, k1, k2 are the coefficients affected by wind speed and direction at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively; R0, R1, R2 are the precipitation deposition rates at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively; T0, T1, T2 are the ambient temperatures at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively; α. If t2 >= t0, at this time the meteorological change has not exceeded the initial anti-icing maintenance time collected by the aircraft. t3 is not corrected and elapses according to normal time, t3' = t3 - 1, where 1 represents 1 minute; record the current remaining anti-icing maintenance time as the starting time for the next calculation, and the remaining anti-icing maintenance time t3 = t3'. β. If t2 < t0 and t2 < t1, the meteorological change at the current moment is worse than the previous moment and worse than the initial moment after the aircraft has been de-iced. The remaining anti-icing maintenance time is shortened at this time: If t2 >= t3, the corrected remaining anti-icing maintenance time is t3' = t3 * (t2 / t0). At the same time, assign the current short corrected theoretical maintenance time as the data recorded at the previous moment, t1 = t2; The remaining time is the corrected remaining anti-icing maintenance time t3 = t3'. If t2 < t3, the corrected remaining anti-icing maintenance time is t3' = t2 * (t2 / t0). At the same time, assign the current short corrected theoretical maintenance time as the data recorded at the previous moment, t1 = t2; The remaining time is the corrected remaining anti-icing maintenance time t3 = t3'.

5. A precipitation weighing device for the test method according to any one of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that: It includes a thermal insulation control box (1). At the top end of the inner cavity of the thermal insulation control box (1), there is a thermal insulation cavity (5). Inside the thermal insulation cavity (5), there is a weighing sensor (4). The weighing sensor (4) is connected to the data acquisition and analysis unit through a communication cable; At the top of the thermal insulation control box (1), there is a detachable wind shield (3). The wind shield (3) is divided into upper and lower sections. The upper section can be directly opened, and the lower section is fixed on the top of the thermal insulation control box (1); Inside the wind shield (3), there is a rain gauge (2). The bottom of the rain gauge (2) is fixedly connected to the weighing sensor (4). At the connection between the rain gauge (2) and the weighing sensor (4) and the top end of the thermal insulation control box (1), there is a liquid barrier ring (14); At the top of the rain gauge (2), there is a heating wire. Inside the thermal insulation control box (1), there is a heating cavity (6). Inside the heating cavity (6), there is a heating temperature control component (7) and a data acquisition controller. At the lower end of the heating cavity (6), there is an electrical control box (9); on the panels of the heating cavity (6) and the electrical control box (9), there are respectively touch display screens (10); At the lower end of the heating temperature control component (7), there is a circulation fan (8). At the lower end of the electrical control box (9), there is a cable outlet (12). At the bottom end of the thermal insulation control box (1), there are casters (13). On the door of the thermal insulation control box (1), there is an observation glass (11).

6. A test system for anti-icing holding time, characterized in that: It includes a meteorological element integration and acquisition module, a calculation module, a storage and display module, and the precipitation weighing device according to claim 5; The meteorological element integration and acquisition module includes a meteorological instrument, a data collector and a data collector processing unit. The data collector is used to collect meteorological instrument data. The data collector processing unit is used to convert and calculate the meteorological instrument data, convert the meteorological instrument data into meteorological information, and enter the meteorological information into the calculation module in a communication manner. The computing module includes a computing system, a touch screen, and a 4G module. The computing system is used to calculate the anti-icing holding time. The anti-icing holding time is calculated in the computing system and the data is transmitted in accordance with the agreed protocol format through wired or wireless communication. The touch screen is used to display the data. The 4G module is used to remotely transmit the data in a 4G transmission manner. The precipitation weighing device is used to measure the precipitation amount and transmit the measurement result to the computing system; The storage and display module is used to receive and display data transmitted by the 4G module.

7. The test system according to claim 6, wherein: The data collector includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, an air pressure sensor and a weather phenomenon sensor, which are used to respectively observe the atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, wind pressure and precipitation type in the collection area in real time, and the precipitation weighing device measures the precipitation weight in real time.

8. The test system according to claim 7, wherein: The data transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensor, air pressure sensor, and wind direction sensor are transmitted in the form of analog quantities, the data transmitted by the wind speed sensor are transmitted in the form of pulse quantities, and the data transmitted by the weather phenomenon sensor and weighing sensor are transmitted in the form of differential signals. The data acquisition processing unit follows the MODBUS TCP protocol and TCP / IP protocol when transmitting data.

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