A vector eye diagram display method and device based on a weighting algorithm

Abstract

The application discloses a vector network eye diagram display method and device based on a weighting algorithm, and in response to a user clicking an eye diagram generation scene control in a running interface of a vector network analyzer, an eye diagram generation control panel is called and displayed; in response to the user clicking a configuration trigger control in the eye diagram generation control panel, a parameter input interface is called; parameter content input by the user from the parameter input control is received; in response to the user clicking a running control in the eye diagram generation control panel, a weighting algorithm is called to perform frequency domain weighting processing on S parameters of a to-be-tested piece currently connected to the vector network analyzer according to the input parameter content; and in response to the user clicking a weighting processing intermediate process display trigger control in the eye diagram generation control panel, an image split-screen display interface generated in each processing process in the frequency domain weighting processing process is displayed on a display interface of the vector network analyzer. Through frequency domain weighting processing on the S parameters, changes before and after the S parameters are weighted are observed, and the influence of the weighting algorithm is analyzed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of signal processing technology, and specifically to a method and apparatus for displaying vector network eye diagrams based on an emphasis algorithm. Background Technology

[0002] In advanced waveform analysis, emphasis helps improve waveform quality, thereby further enhancing the quality of the eye diagram. During signal transmission, high-frequency components are attenuated, so it's necessary to reduce this attenuation to ensure signal integrity. Emphasis can increase the energy of the high-frequency components of a signal while maintaining the original state of the low-frequency signals. When the signal is transmitted after emphasis, although the high-frequency components are still attenuated, the received signal has characteristics similar to the original signal due to the previous emphasis. If the characteristics of the transmission system are known before signal transmission, pre-emphasis techniques can accurately compensate for signal attenuation during transmission, thus preserving signal integrity. Currently, when using a vector network analyzer to simulate eye diagram generation, the user clicks the "Generate Eye Diagram" button on the vector network analyzer interface. The analyzer then obtains the S-parameters from the device under test, performs time-domain processing using the TDR and emphasis algorithms, and finally generates the eye diagram using convolution with the virtual bit pattern generator in the analyzer. In this case, the user cannot observe the impact of the emphasis algorithm on the S-parameters before and after emphasis in the intermediate process using the vector network analyzer. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for displaying vector network eye diagrams based on an emphasis algorithm. By first emphasizing the S-parameters of the test piece in the frequency domain, the changes in the S-parameters before and after emphasis can be observed intuitively on the display interface, thereby helping users analyze the impact of the emphasis algorithm on the S-parameters.

[0004] On the one hand, the present invention provides a method for displaying a vector network eye map based on an emphasis algorithm, specifically including the following steps:

[0005] S1. In response to the user clicking the eye diagram generation scene control in the vector network analyzer's running interface, the eye diagram generation control panel is invoked and displayed. The eye diagram generation control panel includes a configuration trigger control for the weighting algorithm configuration.

[0006] S2. Monitor the first operation event when the user clicks the configuration trigger control in the eye diagram generation control panel;

[0007] S3. Respond to the first operation event to call the parameter input interface. The parameter input interface includes a running control that triggers the weighting algorithm, a parameter input control, and a control that displays the intermediate process of weighting processing.

[0008] S4. Receive the parameter content input by the user from the parameter input control, and monitor the second operation event of the user clicking the run control in the eye diagram generation control panel;

[0009] S5. In response to the second operation event, call the emphasis algorithm to perform frequency domain emphasis processing on the S-parameters of the device under test currently connected to the vector network analyzer according to the input parameter content;

[0010] S6. Monitor the third operation event of the control triggered by the user clicking the emphasis processing intermediate process in the eye diagram generation control panel;

[0011] S7. In response to the third operation event, the image split-screen display interface generated by each processing step in the frequency domain emphasis process is displayed on the display interface of the vector network analyzer.

[0012] In some specific implementation schemes, the specific process of frequency domain emphasis processing in step S5 is as follows:

[0013] S51. Obtain the S-parameters measured from the device under test, and perform frequency domain processing on the S-parameters according to the input parameter content to obtain the scattering parameters;

[0014] S52. Perform TDR algorithm processing on the scattering parameters to obtain the time domain response of the scattering parameters.

[0015] In some specific implementations, the S-parameters include the S21 parameter, and the transfer function in the S21 parameter is regarded as the transfer function.

[0016] In some specific implementation schemes, the calculation method for the emphasis processing of the S21 parameter in the frequency domain is as follows:

[0017] S=S(w)e (j*w*cursors level) +S(w)

[0018] Where S represents the scattering parameters, S(w) represents the transfer function, j represents the complex domain, w represents the angular frequency, and cursorslevel represents the input parameter content.

[0019] In some specific implementations, the vector network analyzer's interface also includes an eye diagram generation control; it monitors the fourth operation event of the user clicking the eye diagram generation control, responds to the fourth operation event, calls the eye diagram generation algorithm, and displays the generated virtual eye diagram on the vector network analyzer's display interface.

[0020] In some specific implementations, the eye diagram generation algorithm is as follows:

[0021] The virtual bit pattern generator is invoked by calling the time-domain response of the scattering parameters corresponding to the current input parameters.

[0022] A virtual eye diagram is obtained by performing convolution calculations using the time-domain response and a virtual bit pattern generator.

[0023] In some specific implementations, the split-screen display includes a display area comparing S-parameters before and after weighting and a display area comparing scattering parameters before and after weighting.

[0024] In some specific implementations, the specific process of generating the images in each processing step S7 is as follows:

[0025] The S-parameters measured from the test piece and the scattering parameters after frequency domain processing of the S-parameters are obtained. The function curves corresponding to the S-parameters and scattering parameters are superimposed to draw a comparison image of the S-parameters before and after the scattering process, and the image is pasted onto the comparison display area of ​​the S-parameters before and after the scattering process.

[0026] The system obtains the scattering parameters and the time-domain response after processing the scattering parameters using the TDR algorithm. It then overlays the function curves of the scattering parameters and the time-domain response to plot a comparison image of the scattering parameters before and after the emphasis processing, and displays the image in the comparison area of ​​the scattering parameters before and after the emphasis processing.

[0027] Secondly, this application provides a vector network eye diagram display device based on an emphasis algorithm, including a vector network analyzer operation display, comprising:

[0028] This is used to respond to user clicks in the vector network analyzer's operating interface, call up and display the eye diagram generation control panel, which includes a configuration trigger control for configuring the emphasis algorithm.

[0029] This is used to respond to the parameter input interface called by the user after clicking the configuration trigger control in the eye diagram generation control panel. The parameter input interface includes the running control that triggers the emphasis algorithm, the parameter input control, and the trigger control that displays the intermediate process of emphasis processing.

[0030] This module is used to respond to the user clicking the run control based on the parameters entered in the parameter input control, and then calls the emphasis algorithm to perform frequency domain emphasis processing on the S-parameters of the currently connected device under test of the vector network analyzer according to the entered parameters.

[0031] This is a split-screen display interface composed of images generated by each processing step after a user requests a frequency domain emphasis processing step.

[0032] The inventive concept of this application is as follows:

[0033] Existing emphasis processing algorithms first perform TDR processing on the S-parameters acquired from the device under test (DUT) to obtain the time-domain response of the scattering parameters. Then, the time-domain response is processed by an emphasis algorithm to obtain new scattering parameters. Finally, an eye diagram is generated by convolving the new scattering parameters with a virtual bit pattern generator. In this process, since the S-parameters are used as transfer functions, they are equivalent to transfer functions in the TDR processing. That is, the actual computational steps are: the S12 parameters are transformed into T12 parameters through TDR calculation, and the T12 parameters are then used for emphasis and convolution with the generator to obtain the eye diagram. The order of transformation from S12 to T12 cannot be changed, but the emphasis is applied to the T parameters. The calculation order is S12 to T12, and T12 is then emphasized to obtain the T12 emphasis. During this process, the S-parameters remain unchanged, making it impossible to observe the effect of the emphasis algorithm on them.

[0034] To address this, this application modifies the eye diagram emphasis process to provide users with an observational view of the impact of the emphasis algorithm on the S-parameters before and after emphasis. The emphasis is now applied directly to the S-parameters. After emphasizing the S12 parameter, it is transformed into the T12 parameter through TDR calculation. The calculation sequence is: S12 is emphasized to obtain S12 emphasis, then S12 emphasis is transformed into T12 emphasis through TDR calculation, and the T12 emphasis parameter is convolved with the generator to obtain the eye diagram, where the changes in S-parameters are clearly visible. Frequency domain emphasis is applied to the S-parameters to obtain the scattering parameters. Then, the scattering parameters are processed using the TDR algorithm to obtain the time-domain response of the scattering parameters. Finally, convolution is performed based on the time-domain response and the virtual bit pattern generator to generate the eye diagram. This processing mode allows users to intuitively see the changes in the S-parameters before and after emphasis on the display interface, helping them observe the impact of the emphasis algorithm on the S-parameters and better understand the processing logic of the emphasis algorithm. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a vector mesh eye diagram display method based on an emphasis algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 The vector network analyzer operating interface provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an image split-screen display interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0040] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.

[0041] Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known structures, functions, and configurations may have been omitted. Those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the examples described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0042] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0043] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0044] Existing methods for generating eye diagrams based on vector network analyzers generally treat the transfer function in the S-parameters of the system under test as a transfer function (i.e., the S12 direct scattering parameter input). Then, using a time-domain reflectometer / time-domain transfer meter (TDR / TDT) algorithm, the S12 parameters are converted into frequency-domain S-parameters through Fourier transform to obtain the time-domain response T12 of the S12 scattering parameters. Here, an S12 observation window can be set. However, due to the TDR / TDT algorithm used, the S-parameters are equivalent to the transfer function. That is to say, the actual steps involved in the calculation are: the S12 parameters are transformed into T12 parameters through TDR calculation, and the T12 parameters are used for convolution operation by the weighting and generator to obtain the eye diagram. The order of transformation from S12 to T12 cannot be changed, but the emphasis is applied to the T parameter. That is, the calculation order is S12 to T12, then T12 is emphasized to obtain T12 with emphasis. At this point, the S parameter remains unchanged; from the observation window, the effect of the emphasis algorithm on the S parameter is not visible. Next, time-domain processing of T12 using the emphasis algorithm yields the new T21*, with the emphasis formula as follows:

[0045] T21*=T (t + cursors level)+T

[0046] Where T represents the time-domain response T12 parameter, t represents time, and cursor level represents the emphasis level. A T12 observation window can be set here to observe the changes in T12 before and after emphasis, clearly showing the impact of the emphasis algorithm on the T parameter. Finally, an eye diagram is generated by convolving a virtual bit pattern generator with a new T21*. It can be seen that when using this algorithm, the impact of the emphasis algorithm on the S parameter cannot be directly observed in the set S12 and T12 observation windows. Therefore, to provide better assistance to users and help them better understand the impact of the emphasis algorithm on the S parameter, this application proposes a new eye diagram generation and display observation method that allows observation of the impact of the emphasis algorithm on the S parameter before and after emphasis during the eye diagram generation process. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0047] Example 1

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for displaying a vector network eye map based on an emphasis algorithm, specifically including the following steps:

[0049] S1. In response to the user clicking the eye diagram generation scene control in the vector network analyzer's running interface, the eye diagram generation control panel is invoked and displayed. The eye diagram generation control panel includes a configuration trigger control for the weighting algorithm configuration.

[0050] S2. Monitor the first operation event when the user clicks the configuration trigger control in the eye diagram generation control panel;

[0051] S3. Respond to the first operation event to call the parameter input interface. The parameter input interface includes a running control that triggers the weighting algorithm, a parameter input control, and a control that displays the intermediate process of weighting processing.

[0052] S4. Receive the parameter content input by the user from the parameter input control, and monitor the second operation event of the user clicking the run control in the eye diagram generation control panel;

[0053] S5. In response to the second operation event, call the emphasis algorithm to perform frequency domain emphasis processing on the S-parameters of the device under test currently connected to the vector network analyzer according to the input parameter content; wherein, the S-parameters include the S21 parameter, and the transfer function in the S21 parameter is regarded as the transfer function.

[0054] Specifically, the frequency domain emphasis processing in step S5 is as follows:

[0055] S51. Obtain the S-parameters measured from the device under test, and perform frequency domain processing on the S-parameters according to the input parameter content to obtain the scattering parameters;

[0056] The calculation method for the emphasis processing of the S21 parameter in the frequency domain is as follows:

[0057] S=S(w)e (j*w*cursors level) +S(w)

[0058] Where S represents the scattering parameter, S(w) represents the transfer function, j represents the complex domain, w represents the angular frequency, and cursorslevel represents the input parameter content, which represents the degree of emphasis.

[0059] S52. Perform TDR algorithm processing on the scattering parameters to obtain the time domain response of the scattering parameters.

[0060] S6. Monitor the third operation event of the control triggered by the user clicking the emphasis processing intermediate process in the eye diagram generation control panel;

[0061] S7. In response to the third operation event, the image split-screen display interface generated by each processing step in the frequency domain emphasis process is displayed on the display interface of the vector network analyzer.

[0062] The split-screen display includes a comparison area of ​​S-parameters before and after weighting and a comparison area of ​​scattering parameters before and after weighting.

[0063] The specific processes for generating images in each step S7 are as follows:

[0064] The S-parameters measured from the test piece and the scattering parameters after frequency domain processing of the S-parameters are obtained. The function curves corresponding to the S-parameters and scattering parameters are superimposed to draw a comparison image of the S-parameters before and after the scattering process, and the image is pasted onto the comparison display area of ​​the S-parameters before and after the scattering process.

[0065] The system obtains the scattering parameters and the time-domain response after processing the scattering parameters using the TDR algorithm. It then overlays the function curves of the scattering parameters and the time-domain response to plot a comparison image of the scattering parameters before and after the emphasis processing, and displays the image in the comparison area of ​​the scattering parameters before and after the emphasis processing.

[0066] In addition, to display the eye diagram, the vector network analyzer's operating interface also includes an eye diagram generation control; it monitors the fourth operation event of the user clicking the eye diagram generation control, responds to the fourth operation event, calls the eye diagram generation algorithm, and displays the generated virtual eye diagram on the vector network analyzer's display interface. The eye diagram generation algorithm called is:

[0067] The virtual bit pattern generator is invoked by calling the time-domain response of the scattering parameters corresponding to the current input parameters.

[0068] A virtual eye diagram is obtained by performing convolution calculations using the time-domain response and a virtual bit pattern generator.

[0069] To better illustrate this embodiment, the vector network analyzer's operating interface includes a display interface and an eye diagram generation scene control (control name: Advanced Waveform). During operation, the user first connects the vector network analyzer to the device under test (DUT) or pre-sets the S-parameters for eye diagram generation. Clicking the eye diagram generation scene control then redirects to the eye diagram generation control panel. The control panel displays the calculation process of the weighting algorithm, including a control for triggering the jitter algorithm configuration (control name: Jitter), a configuration trigger control for the weighting algorithm configuration (control name: Emphasis), and a DUT control. It can be seen that an observation window (View) is provided between the weighting algorithm and the DUT. When the user clicks the Emphasis configuration trigger control, the parameter input interface is invoked; for example... Figure 2 As shown, the parameter input interface includes a run control (named Emphasis Enable) to trigger the emphasis algorithm, a parameter input control (named cursors level), and a display trigger control for the intermediate emphasis processing (named showTDR / TDT). When the user clicks the parameter input control, a virtual input keyboard is brought up. The user enters the parameter content to be simulated in the input box of the parameter input control. When the user clicks the Emphasis Enable run control, the software background calls the emphasis algorithm to perform frequency domain emphasis processing on the S-parameters.

[0070] Here, the S-parameters are the input of the S12 direct scattering parameters. The transfer function in the S-parameters of the device under test or system is regarded as the transfer function. In the frequency domain emphasis process, the S12 is first processed by the emphasis algorithm in the frequency domain to obtain the new S21*.

[0071] The specific algorithm formula is: S = S(w)e (j*w*cursors level) +S(w)

[0072] An S12 observation window is set up at this location. This window plots the data before and after S12 emphasis processing into a comparison image of the S-parameters before and after emphasis processing, and stores it in a register, awaiting retrieval. It can be seen that since this application first performs frequency domain processing on S12 using the emphasis algorithm, the comparison of the emphasis algorithm on S12 before and after emphasis can be seen in the S12 observation window, allowing analysis of the impact of emphasis on the S-parameters. Next, the new S21* is processed using the TDR / TDT algorithm to obtain the time-domain response T12* of the S21* scattering parameters. Another T12 observation window can be set up at this location to plot the data before and after T12 emphasis processing into a comparison image of the scattering parameters before and after emphasis processing, and store it in a register, awaiting retrieval. To display the final generated eye diagram, a virtual bit pattern generator is used to perform convolution calculations with T12* to generate eye diagram data. The eye diagram data is then plotted as an eye diagram image and stored in a register, awaiting retrieval.

[0073] After the user clicks the run control, the vector network analyzer has already stored multiple images to be displayed, such as... Figure 3 As shown, if the user clicks the trigger control for the intermediate process of the weighting process, they can see the comparison images of S-parameters before and after weighting (windows 2 and 4) and the comparison images of scattering parameters before and after weighting (windows 1 and 3) on the display interface of the vector network analyzer. If the user clicks the eye diagram generation control, they can see the generated eye diagram image on the display interface of the vector network analyzer.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] This embodiment provides a vector network eye diagram display device based on an emphasis algorithm, including a vector network analyzer operation display, comprising:

[0076] This is used to respond to user clicks in the vector network analyzer's operating interface, call up and display the eye diagram generation control panel, which includes a configuration trigger control for configuring the emphasis algorithm.

[0077] This is used to respond to the parameter input interface called by the user after clicking the configuration trigger control in the eye diagram generation control panel. The parameter input interface includes the running control that triggers the emphasis algorithm, the parameter input control, and the trigger control that displays the intermediate process of emphasis processing.

[0078] This module is used to respond to the user clicking the run control based on the parameters entered in the parameter input control, and then calls the emphasis algorithm to perform frequency domain emphasis processing on the S-parameters of the currently connected device under test of the vector network analyzer according to the entered parameters.

[0079] This is a split-screen display interface composed of images generated by each processing step after a user requests a frequency domain emphasis processing step.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Based on the technical essence of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for displaying a vector mesh eye diagram based on an emphasis algorithm, characterized in that, Specifically comprising the following steps: S1, in response to the user clicking the eye diagram generation scene control in the vector network analyzer operation interface, calling and displaying the eye diagram generation control panel, the eye diagram generation control panel including a configuration trigger control for configuring the emphasis algorithm; S2, monitoring the user's first operation event of clicking the configuration trigger control in the eye diagram generation control panel; S3, calling the parameter input interface in response to the first operation event, the parameter input interface including a running control for triggering the running of the emphasis algorithm, a parameter input control, and an emphasis processing intermediate process display trigger control; S4, receiving the parameter content input by the user from the parameter input control, and monitoring the user's second operation event of clicking the running control in the eye diagram generation control panel; S5, in response to the second operation event, calling the emphasis algorithm to perform frequency domain emphasis processing on the S parameters of the DUT currently connected to the vector network analyzer according to the input parameter content; The specific process of the frequency domain emphasis processing in step S5 is: S51, obtaining the S parameters measured from the DUT, performing frequency domain processing emphasis processing on the S parameters according to the input parameter content to obtain the scattering parameters; The S parameters include the S21 parameters, the transmission function in the S21 parameters is regarded as the transfer function, and the calculation method of the frequency domain processing emphasis processing on the S21 parameters is: S = S(w)e (j*w*cursors level) + S(w) Wherein, S represents the scattering parameter, S(w) represents the transfer function, j represents the complex domain, w represents the angular frequency, and cursors level represents the input parameter content; S52, performing TDR algorithm processing on the scattering parameters to obtain the time domain response of the scattering parameters; S6, monitoring the user's third operation event of clicking the emphasis processing intermediate process display trigger control in the eye diagram generation control panel; S7, in response to the third operation event, calling the image split-screen display interface generated by each processing process in the frequency domain emphasis processing process to display on the display interface of the vector network analyzer.

2. A vector constellation eye diagram display method based on a weighting algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vector network analyzer operation interface also includes an eye diagram generation control; monitoring the user's fourth operation event of clicking the eye diagram generation control, and in response to the fourth operation event, calling the eye diagram generation algorithm to display the generated virtual eye diagram on the display interface of the vector network analyzer.

3. A vector constellation eye diagram display method based on a weighting algorithm according to claim 2, characterized in that, The eye diagram generation algorithm is: Calling the time domain response of the scattering parameters corresponding to the currently input parameter content, calling the virtual bit pattern generator; Convolution calculation is performed on the time domain response and the virtual bit pattern generator to obtain the virtual eye diagram.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is based on a weighted algorithm. The split-screen display includes an S parameter comparison display area before and after the emphasis processing, and a scattering parameter comparison display area before and after the emphasis processing.

5. A vector constellation eye diagram display method based on a weighting algorithm according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific process of the image generated by each processing process in step S7 is: Obtaining the S parameters measured from the DUT and the scattering parameters after the frequency domain processing emphasis processing on the S parameters, superimposing and drawing the function curves corresponding to the S parameters and the scattering parameters to obtain the S parameter comparison display image before and after the emphasis processing, and pasting the image to the S parameter comparison display area before and after the emphasis processing for display; Obtaining the scattering parameters and the time domain response after the TDR algorithm processing on the scattering parameters, superimposing and drawing the function curves of the scattering parameters and the time domain response to obtain the scattering parameter comparison display image before and after the emphasis processing, and pasting the image to the scattering parameter comparison display area before and after the emphasis processing for display.

6. A vector Smith chart display device based on a weighting algorithm, comprising a vector network analyzer operating display, characterized in that, It includes: An eye diagram generation scene control for invoking and displaying an eye diagram generation control panel in response to a user's click in a vector network analyzer operation interface, the eye diagram generation control panel including a configuration trigger control for configuring a weighting algorithm; A parameter input interface invoked in response to a user's click on the configuration trigger control in the eye diagram generation control panel, the parameter input interface including a run control for triggering a weighting algorithm to run, a parameter input control, and a weighting process intermediate process display trigger control; A processing module for invoking the weighting algorithm to perform frequency domain weighting processing on S parameters of a device under test currently connected to the vector network analyzer according to parameter content input in the parameter input control in response to a user's click on the run control; The process of invoking the weighting algorithm to perform frequency domain weighting processing is as follows: Obtain S parameters measured from the device under test, perform frequency domain weighting processing on the S parameters according to the input parameter content to obtain scattering parameters; Perform TDR algorithm processing on the scattering parameters to obtain time domain responses of the scattering parameters; The S parameters include S21 parameters, the transmission function in the S21 parameters is regarded as a transfer function, and the calculation method of the frequency domain weighting processing on the S21 parameters is as follows: S = S(w)e (j*w*cursors level) + S(w) Wherein, S represents the scattering parameters, S(w) represents the transfer function, j represents the complex domain, w represents the angular frequency, and cursors level represents the input parameter content; A split screen display interface composed of images generated by each processing process in response to a user's invocation of the frequency domain weighting processing process.

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