Evaporation furnace for preparing metal vapor, preparation method of metal vapor and sintering device

Abstract

The invention discloses an evaporation furnace for preparing metal steam, which comprises a furnace body, and the furnace body comprises a gas inlet section for providing protective gas; the metal melting section is used for melting solid metal and forming metal liquid; the metal evaporation section is used for evaporating the metal liquid to form metal steam, the metal melting section is connected with the metal evaporation section, a metal liquid flowing channel allowing the metal liquid to flow into the metal evaporation section from the metal melting section is arranged between the metal melting section and the metal evaporation section, and the output end of the air inlet section is connected with the metal evaporation section; and the furnace inlet section is used for feeding the metal steam into the sintering furnace, and the input end of the furnace inlet section is connected with the metal evaporation section. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the metal vapor and a sintering device. The method has the advantages that the metal vapor can be continuously prepared, the prepared metal vapor is good in uniformity, and the large-scale production requirement of metal coating and sintering of the battery negative electrode material can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material sintering technology, specifically to an evaporation furnace for preparing metal vapor, a method for preparing metal vapor, and a sintering apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In existing processes, an increasing number of devices or materials, such as batteries or semiconductors, require sintering at high temperatures. For example, the coating process for battery anode materials requires sintering, and the sintering process necessitates the protection of the battery materials with a protective gas. When coating new battery anode materials, a high concentration of controllable metal vapor needs to be introduced for coating.

[0003] Traditional sintering equipment, such as rotary kilns, operates intermittently, typically with only one heating reaction zone. Metal materials and battery anode materials are simultaneously placed into this zone for sintering. This method results in poor metal coating, leading to issues such as the sintered battery anode material failing to meet required specifications. Furthermore, this approach is only suitable for sample preparation under experimental conditions; due to difficulties in ensuring process stability, it is unsuitable for large-scale industrial production. In addition, the continuity and uniformity of metal vapor during sintering also affect the sintering quality of the battery anode material. Currently, there is no existing metal vapor preparation and evaporation device that can continuously provide high-quality, uniform metal vapor for metal coating of battery anode materials, meeting these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an evaporation furnace, a method for preparing metal vapor, and a sintering apparatus for preparing metal vapor that can continuously prepare metal vapor, produce metal vapor with good uniformity, and meet the needs of large-scale production of metal coating sintering for battery anode materials.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows: An evaporation furnace for preparing metal vapor includes a furnace body, the furnace body comprising: The intake section is used to provide protective gas; The metal melting section is used to melt solid metal and form liquid metal. The metal evaporation section is used to evaporate the liquid metal to form metal vapor. The metal melting section is connected to the metal evaporation section, and a liquid metal flow channel is provided between the metal melting section and the metal evaporation section to allow the liquid metal to flow from the metal melting section into the metal evaporation section. The output end of the air inlet section is connected to the metal evaporation section. The furnace feed section is used to feed the metal vapor into the sintering furnace, and the input end of the furnace feed section is connected to the metal evaporation section.

[0006] The evaporation furnace for preparing metal vapor of the present invention comprises an inlet section, a metal melting section, a metal evaporation section, and a furnace feed section. The inlet section introduces a protective gas into the furnace body, replacing the air in the furnace body and pipes, thus achieving metal evaporation under a protective gas atmosphere. The metal melting section heats the solid metal raw material to its melting point, melting the metal, and then sends the molten metal to the metal evaporation section. The metal evaporation section heats the molten metal from the metal melting section to its evaporation temperature, forming metal vapor. The metal vapor is then transported to the furnace feed section by the gas blown out of the inlet section. The furnace feed section connects to a sintering furnace, further transporting the metal vapor to the sintering furnace for metal coating sintering of the battery anode material. The evaporation furnace of the present invention separates metal melting and metal evaporation. The metal melts first and then enters the metal evaporation section for evaporation. Compared to solid-to-gas conversion, the former requires less time and provides a more uniform metal vapor content, ensuring stable metal vapor production. This is beneficial for subsequent metal coating sintering of the battery anode material and improves sintering quality. In addition, the metal melting section only melts solid metal and does not generate a large amount of metal vapor. By separating the metal evaporation section, which is filled with metal vapor, from the metal melting section, solid metal raw materials can be added to the metal melting section to achieve continuous feeding without stopping the furnace, thus avoiding repeated disassembly and assembly that could affect the service life of the equipment.

[0007] Preferably, in the aforementioned evaporation furnace, a metal liquid guide pipe is provided within the metal liquid flow channel, and a flow channel heating element is also provided on the metal liquid flow channel for adjusting the temperature within the metal liquid guide pipe. The flow rate of the metal liquid can be controlled through the metal liquid guide pipe, thereby controlling the evaporation rate and vapor production of the metal, further improving the stability and controllability of the metal vapor supply, meeting the metal vapor requirements of the battery negative electrode material in the sintering furnace, and improving the quality of metal coating sintering. The flow channel heating element can adjust the temperature within the metal liquid guide pipe, preventing slow flow or even solidification and blockage of the metal liquid due to a decrease in temperature within the guide pipe, and allowing for better control of the flow rate of the metal liquid flowing into the metal evaporation section.

[0008] Preferably, in the above-mentioned evaporation furnace, the metal liquid flow channel and the metal liquid guide pipe are both arranged in a vertical direction, the metal melting section is arranged above the metal evaporation section, the air inlet section is arranged below the metal evaporation section, one side of the metal evaporation section is connected to the output end of the air inlet section, and the other side is connected to the input end of the furnace inlet section. The metal melting section is positioned above the metal evaporation section, and the molten metal flow channel and molten metal guide pipe are vertically arranged. Under the influence of gravity, the molten metal flows into the evaporation section from the molten metal guide pipe. The flow rate of the molten metal can be controlled by controlling the size and temperature of the molten metal guide pipe. One side of the evaporation section is connected to the gas inlet section, and the other side is connected to the furnace inlet section. The gas discharged from the gas inlet section can send the metal vapor in the evaporation section to the furnace inlet section, thus forming a hot airflow from one side of the evaporation section to the other. Since the molten metal drips from the top of the evaporation section, the part that comes into contact with the hot airflow evaporates into metal vapor during its fall. Through the action of the falling molten metal droplets and the hot airflow, evaporation begins during its fall, increasing the evaporation area and improving the evaporation efficiency.

[0009] Preferably, in the aforementioned evaporation furnace, the metal evaporation section includes an evaporation section furnace tube, within which an evaporation crucible is disposed. One side of the evaporation crucible has an air inlet communicating with the output end of the air inlet section, and the other side has an exhaust port communicating with the input section of the furnace inlet section. The top of the evaporation crucible has a liquid inlet communicating with the molten metal flow channel. The metal evaporation section also includes an evaporation section heating element and an evaporation section thermocouple for acquiring temperature information within the evaporation section furnace tube. The placement of the air inlet and exhaust port allows a hot airflow to be formed within the evaporation crucible from one side to the other. The placement of the liquid inlet allows the molten metal to form a downward falling path within the evaporation crucible, thus cooperating with the hot airflow. The evaporation section heating element and the evaporation section thermocouple maintain the temperature within the evaporation section furnace tube at a preset value to provide sufficient heat for the molten metal to evaporate and form metal vapor.

[0010] Preferably, in the aforementioned evaporation furnace, the metal melting section includes a melting section furnace tube, inside which a melting crucible is disposed. The bottom of the melting crucible has a drain port communicating with the molten metal flow channel. The metal melting section also includes a melting section heating element and a melting section thermocouple for acquiring temperature information within the melting section furnace tube. The metal melting section is further equipped with a metal feeding mechanism for adding solid metal raw materials into the melting crucible, and the metal feeding mechanism is connected to the melting crucible. The metal melting section has a metal feeding port, and the metal feeding mechanism is connected to the metal feeding port. Both the metal feeding mechanism and the metal melting section have an air exchange inlet and an air exchange outlet for displacing the internal gas, allowing for adjustment of the internal atmosphere. Solid metal raw materials are melted into liquid within the melting crucible and flow out through the drain port. The heating elements and thermocouples in the melting section maintain the temperature within the furnace tubes at a preset value, ensuring the metal in the melting crucible is liquefied. The metal feeding mechanism, working in conjunction with the metal melting section, allows for continuous feeding without shutting down the furnace. When feeding is needed, the solid metal raw material is fed into the metal melting section via the feeding mechanism, eliminating the need for frequent furnace shutdowns and disassembly. This enables continuous sintering production, improving the efficiency of large-scale production. This evaporation furnace can be installed once and sintered multiple times consecutively, saving disassembly time and avoiding the impact of repeated disassembly on equipment lifespan.

[0011] Preferably, in the aforementioned evaporation furnace, the inlet section includes an inlet pipe. The inlet end of the inlet pipe is equipped with an inlet connector for connecting to a gas source. The inlet pipe includes multiple pipe layers, each including multiple branch pipes and a main pipe for connecting adjacent pipe layers. Inlet section heating elements for preheating the protective gas within the inlet pipe are provided between adjacent pipe layers. Inlet section thermocouples for acquiring temperature information within the inlet section are also provided. The protective gas is located below the evaporation furnace in the inlet section, moving from bottom to top. The multiple pipe layers and inlet section heating elements preheat the protective gas. A special pipeline design maximizes the length of the preheating pipeline, ensuring preheating time and effect, so that the gas entering the metal evaporation section reaches the required preheating temperature. Furthermore, the protective gas in the inlet section can form a hot airflow from one side to the other in the metal evaporation section, which not only accelerates the evaporation of the molten metal during the dripping process but also transports the metal vapor to the furnace inlet section, and then from there to the sintering furnace.

[0012] Preferably, in the aforementioned evaporation furnace, the furnace inlet section includes an inlet pipe for conveying metal vapor from the evaporation furnace to the sintering furnace. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the metal evaporation section, and the other end is connected to the interior of the sintering furnace. The furnace inlet section also includes an inlet section heating element and an inlet section thermocouple for acquiring temperature information within the inlet section. The inlet section heating element and the inlet section thermocouple can maintain the temperature of the metal vapor within the inlet section through heating, so that the metal vapor is delivered to the sintering furnace at a higher temperature to sinter with the battery negative electrode material, thereby improving the quality of metal coating sintering.

[0013] Preferably, the evaporator described above further includes a support bracket, guide rails, and multiple rollers. The guide rails are located at the bottom of the evaporator, the furnace body is mounted on the support bracket, and the rollers are located at the bottom of the support bracket and movably mounted on the guide rails. A weighing sensor is also provided on the support bracket. The support bracket supports the furnace body, and the multiple rollers and guide rails allow the evaporator to move along the tracks, facilitating docking or disassembly of the evaporator and sintering furnace. The weighing sensor on the support bracket can monitor the consumption of metal vapor in real time.

[0014] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a method for preparing metal vapor, which uses the above-mentioned evaporation furnace to prepare metal vapor, including the following steps: S1. Add solid metal raw materials to the metal melting section; S2. Protective gas is introduced into the evaporator through the air inlet section to replace the gas in the evaporator. S3. Start the evaporation furnace. The metal melting section melts the solid metal raw material into liquid metal. The liquid metal flows into the metal evaporation section through the liquid metal flow channel. Under the combined action of heating in the metal evaporation section and protective gas output from the preheating gas inlet section, the liquid metal evaporates evenly to form metal vapor and is sent into the sintering furnace through the furnace inlet section.

[0015] The metal vapor preparation method of this invention separates metal melting and metal evaporation into two stages. The metal melts first and then enters the metal evaporation section for evaporation. Compared to solid-to-gas conversion, the former requires less time and provides a more uniform metal vapor content, ensuring stable metal vapor production. This is beneficial for subsequent metal coating sintering of battery anode materials and improves sintering quality. Furthermore, the evaporation of the liquid metal under the combined action of heating in the metal evaporation section and the protective gas output from the preheating gas inlet section helps increase the evaporation area and improve evaporation efficiency.

[0016] The above preparation method, preferably, further includes the following steps: S4. When a decrease in metal vapor concentration is detected, solid metal raw materials can be added to the metal melting section through the metal feeding mechanism. This method allows for metal addition without stopping the furnace for disassembly, enabling continuous sintering in multiple furnaces and achieving large-scale continuous production.

[0017] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a sintering apparatus, including a sintering furnace and an evaporation furnace as described above, wherein the metal vapor input end of the sintering furnace is connected to the output end of the furnace feed section of the evaporation furnace. This sintering apparatus, employing the aforementioned evaporation furnace, achieves high efficiency, good quality, and more uniform content in the preparation of metal vapor, while ensuring stable metal vapor production. This is beneficial for the metal coating sintering of battery anode materials and improves the sintering quality.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: The evaporation furnace of this invention separates metal melting and metal evaporation into two sections. The metal melts first and then enters the evaporation section for further evaporation. Compared to solid-to-gas conversion, the former requires less time and provides a more uniform metal vapor content, ensuring stable metal vapor production. This is beneficial for subsequent metal coating sintering of battery anode materials and improves sintering quality. Furthermore, the metal melting section only melts solid metal, without generating large amounts of metal vapor. By separating the metal evaporation section, which is filled with metal vapor, from the metal melting section, continuous feeding can be achieved by adding solid metal raw materials to the metal melting section, avoiding repeated disassembly and reassembly that could affect the equipment's lifespan.

[0019] The metal vapor preparation method of the present invention uses the above-mentioned evaporation furnace. The metal liquid evaporates under the combined action of heating in the metal evaporation section and protective gas output from the preheating inlet section, which is beneficial to increase the evaporation area, resulting in high efficiency, good quality, and more uniform content in the preparation of metal vapor, and can ensure the stable production of metal vapor.

[0020] The sintering apparatus of this invention connects the aforementioned evaporation furnace to the sintering furnace. Because the evaporation furnace produces metal vapor with high efficiency, good quality, and more uniform content, while ensuring stable metal vapor production, it is beneficial for the metal coating sintering of battery anode materials, thus improving sintering quality. Furthermore, the sintering apparatus of this invention can achieve continuous addition of metal vapor without shutting down the furnace, meeting the metal vapor temperature, concentration, and flow rate requirements for metal coating sintering of battery anode materials. It is suitable for continuous production of battery anode materials, ensuring consistent product quality and specifications across multiple batches, and is adapted for large-scale industrial production of novel battery anode materials. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an evaporator for preparing metal vapor according to an embodiment (the metal feeding mechanism is not shown).

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of the evaporation furnace for preparing metal vapor in the embodiment.

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air inlet pipe in the evaporation furnace for preparing metal vapor in this embodiment.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sintering apparatus of the embodiment.

[0026] Legend: a. Evaporation furnace; b. Sintering furnace; 1. Inlet section; 11. Inlet pipe; 111. Main pipe; 112. Branch pipe; 12. Inlet section heating element; 14. Inlet connector; 2. Metal melting section; 21. Melting section furnace tube; 22. Melting crucible; 23. Melting section heating element; 25. Flow channel heating element; 26. Liquid metal guide pipe; 27. Metal feeding mechanism; 3. Metal evaporation section; 31. Evaporation section furnace tube; 32. Evaporation crucible; 33. Evaporation section heating element; 4. Furnace inlet section; 41. Furnace inlet pipe; 42. Furnace inlet section heating element; 5. Support bracket; 6. Guide rail; 7. Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, the sintering apparatus of this embodiment includes an evaporator a and a sintering furnace b. The metal vapor input end of the sintering furnace b is connected to the output end of the furnace inlet section 4 of the evaporator a.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the evaporation furnace for preparing metal vapor in this embodiment includes a furnace body. Specifically, the heating area of ​​the furnace tubes in the furnace body is made of SUS310S stainless steel, with a maximum operating temperature of 1000℃ and a maximum temperature resistance of 1150℃. The furnace body includes: Intake section 1 is used to provide protective gas; Metal melting section 2 is used to melt solid metal and form liquid metal; The metal evaporation section 3 is used to evaporate the liquid metal to form metal vapor. The metal melting section 2 is connected to the metal evaporation section 3, and a liquid metal flow channel is provided between the metal melting section 2 and the metal evaporation section 3 for the liquid metal to flow from the metal melting section 2 into the metal evaporation section 3. The output end of the air inlet section 1 is connected to the metal evaporation section 3. The furnace feed section 4 is used to feed metal vapor into the sintering furnace b. The input end of the furnace feed section 4 is connected to the metal evaporation section 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, a metal liquid flow channel is provided with a metal liquid guide tube 26, and a flow channel heating element 25 for adjusting the temperature inside the metal liquid guide tube 26 is also provided on the metal liquid flow channel. Specifically, the diameter of the metal liquid guide tube 26 can be selected from 1-10mm. During use, the metal liquid guide tube 26 can be selected and replaced according to different process requirements to meet the needs of different metal vapor flow rates under different process conditions. The flow channel heating element 25 is arranged around the periphery of the metal liquid flow channel to precisely control the temperature inside the metal liquid guide tube 26.

[0031] In this embodiment, both the molten metal flow channel and the molten metal guide pipe 26 are arranged vertically. The molten metal section 2 is located above the molten metal evaporation section 3, and the inlet section 1 is located below the molten metal evaporation section 3. One side of the molten metal evaporation section 3 is connected to the output end of the inlet section 1, and the other side is connected to the input end of the furnace inlet section 4. Specifically, the molten metal flow channel and the molten metal guide pipe 26 are located between the molten metal section 2 and the molten metal evaporation section 3. The output end of the inlet section 1 is located on the left side of the molten metal evaporation section 3, and the input end of the furnace inlet section 4 is located on the right side of the molten metal evaporation section 3. This creates a hot airflow from left to right within the molten metal evaporation section 3. The hot airflow can cooperate with the molten metal dripping from above to achieve evaporation during the falling process, improving evaporation efficiency and ensuring the stability of the molten metal vapor supply.

[0032] In this embodiment, the metal evaporation section 3 includes an evaporation section furnace tube 31, within which an evaporation crucible 32 is disposed. One side of the evaporation crucible 32 has an air inlet communicating with the output end of the air inlet section 1, and the other side has an exhaust port communicating with the input section of the furnace section 4. The top of the evaporation crucible 32 has a liquid inlet communicating with a metal liquid flow channel. The metal evaporation section 3 also includes an evaporation section heating element 33 and an evaporation section thermocouple for acquiring temperature information within the evaporation section furnace tube 31. Specifically, the evaporation section furnace tube 31 is made of SUS310S stainless steel. A metal partition separates the air inlet of the air inlet section 1 at its left end, and a liquid inlet communicating with the metal melting section 2 is located at its upper end. A position for placing the evaporation crucible 32 is located in the middle. The maximum temperature resistance of the evaporation section furnace tube 31 is 1150℃. The evaporation section heating element 33 is a heating resistor module, with four resistance wires made of 0Gr27Al7Mo2 material, arranged in a ring along the outer wall of the evaporation section furnace tube 31. The outer side of the evaporation section furnace tube 31 is lined with refractory material, which is made of 1140 fiberboard. The evaporation crucible 32 is specifically a graphite crucible made of graphite material. The crucible includes a cylindrical body and two end caps, which are connected by threads. The crucible 32 has pre-installed air inlet, exhaust outlet, and liquid inlet. The thermocouples used in the evaporation section are armored nickel-chromium / nickel-silicon thermocouples, installed using a pipe-welded mounting base. The temperature range is 0~1050℃, and the protection rating is IP68.

[0033] In this embodiment, the metal melting section 2 includes a melting section furnace tube 21, and a melting crucible 22 is disposed inside the melting section furnace tube 21. The bottom of the melting crucible 22 has a drain port communicating with a molten metal flow channel. The metal melting section 2 also includes a melting section heating element 23 and a melting section thermocouple for acquiring temperature information within the melting section furnace tube 21. The metal melting section 2 is also equipped with a metal feeding mechanism 27 for adding solid metal raw materials into the melting crucible 22, and the metal feeding mechanism 27 is connected to the melting crucible 22. Figure 3As shown, the metal melting section 2 is equipped with a metal feeding port. The metal feeding mechanism 27 is connected to the metal feeding port via a flange and a pneumatic disc valve. Both the metal feeding mechanism 27 and the metal melting section 2 are equipped with air exchange inlets and outlets. By replacing the internal air through the air exchange inlets and outlets, the same atmospheric environment is achieved. The metal feeding mechanism 27, in conjunction with the metal melting section 2, can achieve automatic feeding. The atmospheric environment inside the metal feeding mechanism 27 is consistent with that inside the metal melting section 2. Specifically, the melting section furnace tube 21 is made of SUS310S stainless steel and has a U-shaped structure. Its lower end is welded to the evaporation section furnace tube 31. The maximum temperature resistance of the melting section furnace tube 21 is 1150℃. The heating element 23 of the melting section is a heating resistance module. The resistance wire is made of 0Gr27Al7Mo2 material, and four are arranged in a ring along the outer wall of the melting section furnace tube 21 to regulate the temperature inside the melting crucible 22. The outer side of the furnace tube 21 in the melting section is lined with refractory material, which is made of 1140 fiberboard. The melting crucible 22 is specifically a graphite crucible made of graphite material. The melting crucible 22 includes a cylindrical body and an end cap, which are threaded together. The end cap has a vent and a metal feed port connected to the metal feeding mechanism 27. The thermocouples used in the melting section are armored nickel-chromium / nickel-silicon thermocouples, installed using a welded pipe mounting base. The temperature range is 0~1050℃, and the protection rating is IP68.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the air intake section 1 includes an air intake pipe 11. The input end of the air intake pipe 11 is provided with an air intake connector 14 for connecting to an air source. The air intake pipe 11 includes multiple pipe layers. Each pipe layer includes multiple branch pipes 112 and a main pipe 111 for connecting adjacent pipe layers. An air intake section heating element 12 for preheating the protective gas in the air intake pipe 11 is provided between adjacent pipe layers. An air intake section thermocouple for obtaining temperature information in the air intake section 1 is also provided in the air intake section 1. Specifically, the intake pipe 11 is made of SUS310S stainless steel and is located at the bottom of the furnace body. It consists of four pipe layers, upper and lower. Each pipe layer includes two main pipes 111 and ten branch pipes 112. The two main pipes 111 are located at both ends of the branch pipes 112 and are connected to them. The main pipes 111 are used for vertical connection, and the main pipes 111 between adjacent pipe layers are also interconnected. The branch pipes 112 are used for gas preheating, with a maximum temperature resistance of 1150℃. Through calculation, the flow rate of the protective gas and the preheating temperature are ensured. This arrangement of the intake pipe 11 meets the space requirements for pipe arrangement and ensures the preheating effect. The thermocouples in the intake section are heating resistance modules with resistance wire made of 0Gr27Al7Mo2 material. They are laid vertically along the intake pipe 11 and also have four layers, upper and lower. Each layer has five heating resistance modules, and the connection is a direct-insertion series connection. The outer side of the intake section 1 is covered with refractory material made of 1140 fiberboard. The intake section thermocouple is a sheathed nickel-chromium / nickel-silicon thermocouple, installed by welding a base to a pipe. The temperature range is 0~1050℃ and the protection level is IP68.

[0035] In this embodiment, the furnace inlet section 4 includes an inlet pipe 41 for conveying metal vapor from the evaporator a to the sintering furnace b. One end of the inlet pipe 41 is connected to the metal evaporation section 3, and the other end is connected to the interior of the sintering furnace b. The furnace inlet section 4 also includes an inlet section heating element 42 and an inlet section thermocouple for acquiring temperature information within the furnace inlet section 4. Specifically, the inlet pipe 41 is made of SUS310S stainless steel with a maximum temperature resistance of 1150℃. The inlet section heating element 42 is a heating resistance module, and the resistance wire is made of 0Gr27Al7Mo2 material. Refractory material is arranged on the outside of the furnace inlet section 4. The refractory material is made of 1140 fiberboard, and the heating resistance module is arranged in a ring inside the refractory material, with a direct-insertion series connection. The inlet section thermocouple is an armored nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon thermocouple, installed by welding a pipe to a mounting base, with a temperature range of 0~1050℃ and a protection rating of IP68. The furnace inlet section 4 is also equipped with a protective sleeve made of SUS310S stainless steel, which is used to support the refractory material and prevent dust from entering the heating area.

[0036] In this embodiment, the evaporator a further includes a support bracket 5, a guide rail 6, and multiple rollers 7. The guide rail 6 is located at the bottom of the evaporator a, the furnace body is mounted on the support bracket 5, and the rollers 7 are located at the bottom of the support bracket 5 and movably mounted on the guide rail 6. A weighing sensor is also provided on the support bracket 5. Specifically, the support bracket 5 is made of 304 stainless steel square steel, and its bottom is equipped with four nylon wheels mounted on the guide rail 6, allowing the support bracket 5 to move horizontally on the guide rail 6. The guide rail 6 is made of 304 channel steel, and a baffle is provided at the end of the guide rail 6 to prevent the support bracket 5 from rolling off the guide rail 6. The guide rail 6 is fixed to the floor slab with expansion bolts.

[0037] The method for preparing metal vapor in this embodiment, using the aforementioned evaporation furnace a, includes the following steps: S1. Add solid metal raw materials into the metal melting section 2; S2. Protective gas is introduced into evaporator a through inlet section 1 to replace the gas in evaporator a. S3. Start the evaporation furnace a. The metal melting section 2 melts the solid metal raw material into liquid metal. The liquid metal flows into the metal evaporation section 3 through the liquid metal flow channel. Under the combined action of heating in the metal evaporation section 3 and protective gas output from the preheating gas inlet section 1, the liquid metal evaporates evenly to form metal vapor and is sent into the sintering furnace b through the furnace inlet section 4. S4. When a decrease in metal vapor concentration is detected, solid metal raw materials can be added to the metal melting section 2 through the metal feeding mechanism 27.

[0038] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An evaporation furnace for preparing metal vapor, comprising a furnace body, characterized in that, The furnace body includes: The intake section (1) is used to provide protective gas; The metal melting section (2) is used to melt solid metal and form liquid metal; The metal evaporation section (3) is used to evaporate the metal liquid to form metal vapor. The metal melting section (2) is connected to the metal evaporation section (3), and a metal liquid flow channel is provided between the metal melting section (2) and the metal evaporation section (3) for the metal liquid to flow from the metal melting section (2) into the metal evaporation section (3). The output end of the air inlet section (1) is connected to the metal evaporation section (3). The furnace feed section (4) is used to feed the metal vapor into the sintering furnace (b), and the input end of the furnace feed section (4) is connected to the metal evaporation section (3).

2. The evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal liquid flow channel is provided with a metal liquid guide tube (26), and the metal liquid flow channel is also provided with a flow channel heating element (25) for adjusting the temperature inside the metal liquid guide tube (26).

3. The evaporator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molten metal flow channel and the molten metal guide pipe (26) are both arranged in a vertical direction. The molten metal section (2) is located above the evaporating metal section (3). The inlet section (1) is located below the evaporating metal section (3). One side of the evaporating metal section (3) is connected to the output end of the inlet section (1), and the other side is connected to the input end of the furnace section (4).

4. The evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The metal evaporation section (3) includes an evaporation section furnace tube (31), and an evaporation crucible (32) is provided inside the evaporation section furnace tube (31). One side of the evaporation crucible (32) is provided with an air inlet that communicates with the output end of the air inlet section (1), and the other side is provided with an exhaust port that communicates with the input section of the furnace inlet section (4). The top of the evaporation crucible (32) is provided with a liquid inlet that communicates with the metal liquid flow channel. The metal evaporation section (3) also includes an evaporation section heating element (33) and an evaporation section thermocouple for obtaining temperature information inside the evaporation section furnace tube (31).

5. The evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The metal melting section (2) includes a melting section furnace tube (21), a melting crucible (22) is provided inside the melting section furnace tube (21), and a drain port connected to the metal liquid flow channel is provided at the bottom of the melting crucible (22). The metal melting section (2) also includes a melting section heating element (23) and a melting section thermocouple for obtaining temperature information inside the melting section furnace tube (21). The metal melting section (2) is also provided with a metal feeding mechanism (27) for adding solid metal raw materials into the melting crucible (22), and the metal feeding mechanism (27) is connected to the melting crucible (22).

6. The evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The intake section (1) includes an intake pipe (11). The intake pipe (11) has an intake connector (14) for connecting to a gas source at its input end. The intake pipe (11) includes multiple pipe layers. Each pipe layer includes multiple branch pipes (112) and a main pipe (111) for connecting adjacent pipe layers. An intake section heating element (12) for preheating the protective gas in the intake pipe (11) is provided between adjacent pipe layers. An intake section thermocouple for obtaining temperature information in the intake section (1) is also provided in the intake section (1).

7. The evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The furnace inlet section (4) includes a furnace inlet pipe (41) for conveying the metal vapor from the evaporator (a) to the sintering furnace (b). One end of the furnace inlet pipe (41) is connected to the metal evaporation section (3), and the other end is connected to the interior of the sintering furnace (b). The furnace inlet section (4) also includes a furnace inlet section heating element (42) and a furnace inlet section thermocouple for obtaining temperature information inside the furnace inlet section (4).

8. The evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The evaporator (a) also includes a support bracket (5), a guide rail (6) and multiple rollers (7). The guide rail (6) is located at the bottom of the evaporator (a), the furnace body is located on the support bracket (5), the rollers (7) are located at the bottom of the support bracket (5) and are movably located on the guide rail (6), and the support bracket (5) is also equipped with a weighing sensor.

9. A method for preparing metal vapor, characterized in that, The preparation of metal vapor using an evaporator (a) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: S1. Add solid metal raw materials into the metal melting section (2); S2. Protective gas is introduced into the evaporator (a) through the air inlet section (1) to replace the gas in the evaporator (a); S3. Start the evaporator (a). The metal melting section (2) melts the solid metal raw material into liquid metal. The liquid metal flows into the metal evaporation section (3) through the liquid metal flow channel. Under the combined action of heating in the metal evaporation section (3) and protective gas output from the preheating section (1), the liquid metal evaporates evenly to form metal vapor and is sent into the sintering furnace (b) through the furnace inlet section (4).

10. A sintering apparatus, characterized in that, It includes a sintering furnace (b) and an evaporation furnace (a) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the metal vapor input end of the sintering furnace (b) is connected to the output end of the furnace feed section (4) of the evaporation furnace (a).

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