A method and system for detecting geological abnormal bodies in horizontal drilling well construction, and a medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of geological abnormal body detection methods, systems and media in horizontal drilling well construction, belong to mine water disaster prevention technical field;Including the following steps: obtaining the minimum, maximum and average permeability of stratum in coal mine area, and water pressure diffusion radius;Construct the geological section two-dimensional model at final hole, carry out iterative adjustment to final hole pressure, so that water pressure diffusion radius at final hole reaches exploration requirement;Construct three-dimensional model of different borehole length, calculate the opening water pressure of corresponding borehole length based on adjusted final hole pressure;Under the condition of maximum permeability, obtain the maximum leakage amount of corresponding borehole length;In horizontal drilling well construction, the actual leakage amount measured based on the opening water pressure of corresponding borehole length;If actual leakage amount exceeds the maximum leakage amount of corresponding borehole length, it is determined that there is geological abnormal body;The application can accurately give the leakage amount data of whether there is geological abnormal body in stratum corresponding to different borehole length section.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mine water disaster prevention and control, and particularly relates to a geological anomaly body detection method and system in horizontal drilling well construction and a medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of horizontal drilling well construction and mine water disaster prevention and control, accurately detecting geological anomaly bodies is the key to ensuring engineering safety. At present, the traditional detection methods have significant limitations: conventional drilling technology can only obtain geological information within the drilling path, and the abnormal conditions of the strata around the drilling hole are not covered, making it difficult to fully reflect the geological conditions of the construction area; some geophysical prospecting technologies, such as borehole radar, can detect a certain range around the drilling hole, but due to the limitations of signal characteristics, it is difficult to accurately determine the specific orientation and boundary of the anomaly body; and methods such as acoustic detection are easily disturbed under complex geological conditions, resulting in a decrease in detection accuracy and making it impossible to reliably identify anomalies in the strata corresponding to different drilling lengths. These shortcomings make it difficult to predict geological risks in advance during construction, posing challenges to mine water disaster prevention and control work, and there is an urgent need for more efficient and accurate detection solutions. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a geological anomaly body detection method and system in horizontal drilling well construction, which can accurately provide data on the amount of loss of geological anomaly bodies in the strata corresponding to different drilling lengths.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a geological anomaly body detection method in horizontal drilling well construction, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Obtain the minimum, maximum and average permeability of the strata based on the geological conditions of the coal mine area, and determine the water pressure diffusion radius of the coal mine area that meets the exploration requirements;

[0006] Construct a two-dimensional geological section model at the end of the hole based on the geological parameters of the coal mine area, and iteratively adjust the hole pressure under the minimum permeability condition to make the water pressure diffusion radius at the end of the hole meet the exploration requirements;

[0007] Based on the two-dimensional geological section model and the adjusted hole pressure at the end of the hole, construct a three-dimensional model of different drilling lengths, and based on the adjusted hole pressure at the end of the hole, inversely calculate the opening water pressure corresponding to the drilling length under the average permeability condition;

[0008] Under the maximum permeability condition, use the opening water pressure of different drilling lengths to perform water pressure simulation on the three-dimensional model to obtain the maximum loss corresponding to the drilling length;

[0009] In the horizontal drilling well construction, the water pressure experiment is performed at the casing lateral water inlet based on the opening water pressure corresponding to the drilling length, and the actual loss amount under the corresponding drilling length is measured; if the actual loss amount exceeds the maximum loss amount corresponding to the drilling length, it is determined that the geological abnormal body exists.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the water pressure of the water pressure experiment is the opening water pressure of different drilling lengths minus the elevation hydrostatic pressure value.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the method further comprises grouting the stratum region through which the corresponding drilling section of the geological abnormal body passes, specifically comprising:

[0012] After grouting the stratum region through which the corresponding drilling section of the geological abnormal body passes, the relevant coal mine region geological parameters after grouting are input into the two-dimensional model and the three-dimensional model, the opening water pressure corresponding to the drilling length is determined, and the water pressure experiment is performed at the casing lateral water inlet based on the opening water pressure corresponding to the drilling length.

[0013] Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory in communication connection with the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the above-mentioned geological abnormal body detection method in the horizontal drilling well construction.

[0014] Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program can execute the above-mentioned geological abnormal body detection method in the horizontal drilling well construction when the computer program is run by a processor.

[0015] The geological abnormal body detection method in the horizontal drilling well construction provided by the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present application can accurately obtain the loss amount data of the geological abnormal body in the corresponding stratum of different drilling length sections by combining the water pressure simulation under different permeability conditions and the actual water pressure experiment, and then accurately determine whether the geological abnormal body exists. This method breaks through the limitations of traditional detection methods in detection range and accuracy, provides a solid basis for mine water disaster prevention, and can effectively avoid water inrush and other safety accidents caused by geological abnormalities, and ensures the safety of construction personnel and equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings used to provide further understanding of the present application, and form a part of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting geological abnormal bodies in horizontal drilling well construction according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a diagram of an experimental device related to horizontal drilling wells according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is a diagram of water penetration speed according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a diagram of water pressure variation curve according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a diagram of distribution of Darcy velocity of geological cross section at terminal hole according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 is a diagram of water pressure distribution at terminal hole according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 is a diagram of three-dimensional model of different drilling hole lengths according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 is a diagram of opening water pressure of different drilling hole lengths according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 9 is a diagram of loss amount of different drilling hole lengths according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 10 is a diagram of maximum loss amount of different drilling hole lengths according to an embodiment of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] One embodiment of the present application relates to a geological anomaly body detection method in horizontal drilling well construction, and the following will specifically describe the implementation details of the geological anomaly body detection method in horizontal drilling well construction, and the following content is only provided for the implementation details for easy understanding, and is not necessary for implementing the present application.

[0030] The specific process of the geological anomaly body detection method in horizontal drilling well construction of the present embodiment can be as shown in the following figure, which includes the following steps. Figure 1

[0031] Step 101, obtaining the minimum, maximum and average permeability of the stratum through the geological conditions of the coal mine area, and determining the water pressure diffusion radius of the coal mine area meeting the exploration requirements;

[0032] Step 102, constructing a two-dimensional model of the geological section at the final hole according to the geological parameters of the coal mine area, and iteratively adjusting the hole pressure under the minimum permeability condition to make the water pressure diffusion radius at the final hole meet the exploration requirements;

[0033] Directional hole construction into the target layer: the first drilling reaches the bedrock, and the second drilling uses a large-angle directional drilling technology to enter the target layer horizontally;

[0034] Long-distance horizontal drilling in the target layer: according to the regional management exploration requirements, a horizontal drilling is constructed in the exploration layer to form a horizontal hole, and a horizontal drilling well construction operation is performed in the horizontal hole;

[0035] According to the regional management exploration requirements, the length of the horizontal drilling in the exploration layer is determined according to the ratio of the leakage amount of the geological anomaly body to the unit flow of the target layer under a certain pressure, and the total length of the horizontal hole is determined according to the requirements of the mine and the water pressure equipment capacity of the construction party.

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, is the unit flow of the target layer, and the unit is m3 / s, is the leakage amount of the geological anomaly body, and the unit is m3 / s, and l is the length of the horizontal drilling in the exploration layer, which should not exceed the ratio of the leakage amount of the geological anomaly body to the unit flow of the target layer under a certain pressure;

[0038] ​The principle of determining the terminal hole pressure of the application is as follows: in the horizontal hole pressure water test, the closer to the terminal hole position, the smaller the water pressure is. Therefore, when the water diffusion radius of the geological section at the terminal hole reaches a certain set value, the water diffusion radius of other sections can also meet the value requirement. Since the smaller the formation permeability is, the smaller the water pressure of a point on the cross section at the terminal hole is, and the smaller the corresponding exploration range is. Based on this, as long as the exploration range at the terminal hole under the minimum permeability condition is ensured to meet the standard, the exploration range of the entire borehole under other permeability conditions can be ensured to meet the requirement. In the specific operation, a two-dimensional numerical model is constructed by using COMSOL Multiphysics software, the set exploration radius and the water pressure required to be reached at the radius are taken as input parameters, and the terminal hole pressure is reversely derived.

[0039] Step 103, a three-dimensional model of different borehole lengths is constructed based on the two-dimensional model of the geological section and the adjusted terminal hole pressure, and under the condition of the average permeability, the opening water pressure of the corresponding borehole length is inversely calculated based on the adjusted terminal hole pressure;

[0040] The principle of determining the opening water pressure and the general loss amount of the application is as follows:

[0041] Based on the determined terminal hole pressure, a three-dimensional numerical model of the formation permeability is constructed, which is the average permeability of the target exploration formation, and the opening water pressure and the loss amount corresponding to different borehole lengths are calculated through the model. Since the model adopts the average permeability of the formation, the calculated opening water pressure can be directly used as the applicable opening water pressure of the pressure water test of different borehole lengths, and the corresponding loss amount becomes the general loss amount corresponding to the pressure water test of different borehole lengths.

[0042] Step 104, under the condition of the maximum permeability, the opening water pressure of different borehole lengths is used to perform pressure water simulation on the three-dimensional model to obtain the maximum loss amount corresponding to the borehole length;

[0043] The principle of determining the maximum loss amount of the application is as follows: based on the determination of the opening water pressure of different borehole lengths, a three-dimensional numerical model of the formation permeability is established, which is the maximum permeability of the exploration formation, and the loss amount of different borehole lengths is calculated. Since the formation permeability is the maximum permeability, the set of loss amounts is the maximum loss amount corresponding to the pressure water test of different borehole lengths.

[0044] Step 105, in the construction of the horizontal drilling well, the opening water pressure corresponding to the borehole length is used to perform pressure water test at the water inlet beside the casing, and the actual loss amount under the borehole length is measured. If the actual loss amount exceeds the maximum loss amount corresponding to the borehole length, it is determined that there is a geological abnormal body.

[0045] The water pressure of the pressure water test is the opening water pressure of different borehole lengths minus the water static pressure value of the elevation.

[0046] After the stratum region through by the drill hole section corresponding to the geological anomaly body is treated by grouting, the relevant coal mine region geological parameters after grouting treatment are input into the two-dimensional model and the three-dimensional model, the opening water pressure of the corresponding drill hole length is determined, and the opening water pressure of the corresponding drill hole length is used for water pressure test at the casing lateral water inlet.

[0047] The principle of discriminating the abnormal body in the application is that under the conditions of the water pressure section length and the hole opening water pressure, the flow rate during water pressure test should be close to the leakage amount in the numerical simulation corresponding to the water pressure section length, and the maximum leakage amount corresponding to the drill hole length is not more than the maximum leakage amount in the simulation.

[0048] The method of the application can accurately determine the opening water pressure of different drill hole lengths and the flow rate value for distinguishing whether there is a geological abnormal body, is safe and reliable, technically feasible, economically reasonable, fast and effective in the detection process, and more secure in the exploration of the geological abnormal body, and can ensure the safety of the underground construction operation.

[0049] The experimental device diagram related to the horizontal drilling well is shown in Figure 2 The figure shows that 1 is a drill pipe plug, 2 is a screw thread sealing connection, 3 is a water inlet, 4 is a two-opening casing, 5 is a drill pipe, 6 is a screw drill, 7 is a drill bit, 8 is a two-opening casing bottom opening, 9 is a horizontal bare hole, 10 is a pressure gauge, 11 is a flow meter, and 12 is a target stratum.

[0050] A specific implementation is as follows:

[0051] When a certain coal mine region is treated, the water pressure test operation is performed by using the method of the application, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] The specific exploration range of the coal mine region treatment is from the south of Ⅱ7228N machine connection lane to the expansion of 208m, from the north of Ⅱ7228N cut to the expansion of 190m, from the west of Ⅱ7228N bottom extraction lane to the expansion of 89m, and from the east of Ⅱ7228N machine lane to the outside of 32m, and the exploration horizon is the sandstone of Shanxi Formation; the drill hole is opened to the bedrock, and the two-opening is made by using the large-angle directional drilling process to enter the sandstone of Shanxi Formation near the horizontal direction;

[0053] The drill hole is opened to the bedrock, and the two-opening is made by using the large-angle directional drilling process to enter the sandstone of Shanxi Formation near the horizontal direction;

[0054] The drill tool is lifted below the two-opening casing bottom opening 8, the hole opening and the drill hole plug 1 are closed by using the screw thread sealing connection 2, leakage at the hole opening and the drill hole plug 1 is avoided, the water pressure gauge 10, the flow meter 11, the water pressure pump and the electric control are checked, the water pressure pipeline and the hole opening pressure gauge are connected, and the water pressure test is performed by using the casing lateral water inlet 3;

[0055] The flow meter 11 and the pressure 10 are observed during the water injection process. The flow rate is obtained when the water injection is stable for more than 30 minutes;

[0056] The actual flow rate during water injection at different borehole lengths is compared with the simulated borehole loss at the corresponding borehole length. Under normal circumstances, the actual flow rate is close to the simulated general loss. If the actual loss exceeds the simulated maximum loss, it indicates that there is a geological anomaly.

[0057] If there is a geological anomaly, close the water inlet and use the borehole to grout the section. After treatment, repeat the above steps.

[0058] Specifically:

[0059] The coal mine area treatment pressure diffusion radius is required to reach 25 m, and the water pressure at a point with a diffusion radius of 25 m is required to reach 0.8 MPa. A two-dimensional model of the geological cross section at the end of the hole is established using COMSOL numerical simulation software. The size of the stratum matrix is 80*80 m. The middle of the geological matrix is the end of the hole, and the hole diameter is 152.4 mm. The minimum permeability of the stratum, ground stress and other parameters are set to back-calculate the water pressure value at the end of the hole.

[0060] Table 1: Basic information of two-dimensional model of geological cross section at the end of the hole

[0061]

[0062] When the water pressure at the end of the hole is 12 MPa and the water injection reaches 20 minutes, the Darcy velocity and pressure at a point 25 m away from the borehole are basically stable. The Darcy velocity is 6.7*10-7 m / s, and the water pressure is 0.83 MPa. The water permeation velocity at this point is shown in Figure 3 The horizontal coordinate is time (minutes), and the vertical coordinate is the total Darcy velocity corresponding to the displacement (m / s). The curve shows that the velocity first increases rapidly and then slowly increases to a stable state with time, reflecting the velocity variation law in the seepage process, which can be used to analyze the seepage characteristics, stratum permeability, etc. The water pressure variation curve at this point is shown in Figure 4 The horizontal coordinate is time (minutes), and the vertical coordinate is pressure (unit: Pa). The curve shows that the pressure first increases rapidly and then slows down to a stable state with time, reflecting the pressure variation law under the condition of a specific displacement (65 m, 40 m deep), which can be used to analyze the dynamic response of pressure in the seepage and stratum stress processes.

[0063] When the water injection reaches 20 minutes, the Darcy velocity distribution and water pressure distribution on the cross section are basically stable. The Darcy velocity size distribution graph at the end of the hole on the cross section for 0-30 minutes is shown in Figure 5As shown in the figure, the Darcy velocity vector distribution cloud chart of a certain area (such as a stratum, a seepage field) at different times (5 / 10 / 15 / 20 / 25 / 30 minutes) is shown. The water pressure distribution chart at the end hole for 0-30 minutes is as follows Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the seepage pressure distribution cloud chart at different times (5 / 10 / 15 / 20 / 25 / 30 minutes) is shown, which presents the spatial variation of the pore pressure (P) and elastic stress (E) in the area by color and contour lines, and the central high value area decreases outwardly, reflecting the process of pressure diffusion and stability in the seepage field over time, which can be used to analyze the stratum seepage characteristics and pressure propagation law

[0064] A three-dimensional model with different borehole lengths is established by using a numerical simulation software as follows Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the size of the stratum matrix is 80*80*240m, 80*80*440m, 80*80*640m, 80*80*840m, and 80*80*1040m, respectively, and it contains a cylindrical seepage pipeline with a diameter of 152.4mm and a length of 200m, 400m, 600m, 800m, and 1000m, respectively, and the axis is coincident with the center axis of the stratum section. The average permeability of the stratum, the ground stress, and other parameters are set, and when the water pressure at the end hole reaches the required value, the three-opening water pressure of the borehole length of 200m, 400m, 600m, 800m, and 1000m is back calculated, and the general loss of the corresponding borehole length is obtained.

[0065] Table 2 Basic information of three-dimensional model with different borehole lengths

[0066]

[0067] By continuously adjusting the inlet water pressure, the water pressure at the opening corresponding to different borehole lengths is obtained as follows Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the relationship between the opening water pressure and the borehole length is shown, and the horizontal coordinate is the borehole length (m) and the vertical coordinate is the opening water pressure (MPa). The five data points show a linear growth trend. The loss corresponding to different borehole lengths is as follows Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the relationship between the loss and the borehole length is shown, and the horizontal coordinate is the borehole length (m) and the vertical coordinate is the loss (m³ / s). The five data points show a linear growth;

[0068] The water pressure at the three-opening of each borehole length is set to be constant by numerical simulation, and the stratum permeability is set to be the maximum stratum permeability, which is 6.0*10-14m 2 , to obtain the maximum water loss of different borehole lengths under the condition of the maximum stratum permeability. The maximum loss of different borehole lengths is as follows Figure 10As shown, the figure shows the maximum leakage amount and the relationship between the drilling length, the horizontal coordinate is the drilling length (m), the vertical coordinate is the maximum leakage amount (m³ / s), and the data points increase linearly. The stable actual flow when water injection of different drilling lengths is compared with the simulated drilling leakage amount of the corresponding drilling length section. Under normal circumstances, the actual flow and the simulated general leakage amount are close. If the actual leakage amount exceeds the simulated maximum leakage amount, it indicates that there is a geological anomaly body.

[0069] The step division of the above various methods is only for clear description. In implementation, one step can be combined or some steps can be split and decomposed into multiple steps, as long as the same logical relationship is included, which is within the protection scope of the present application. Adding insignificant modifications or introducing insignificant designs in the algorithm or process, but not changing the core design of the algorithm and process, are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0070] Another embodiment of the present application relates to a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the above method embodiments.

[0071] That is, those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by programs instructing related hardware. The programs are stored in a storage medium and include a plurality of instructions for making a device (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor execute all or part of the steps of the method described in various embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various program code storage media.

[0072] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing the present application, and in actual application, various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting geological anomalies during horizontal drilling, characterized in that, The method includes: The minimum, maximum, and average permeability of the strata are obtained by analyzing the geological conditions of the coal mining area, and the pressure water diffusion radius that meets the exploration requirements of the coal mining area is determined. A two-dimensional model of the geological section at the end of the borehole is constructed based on the geological parameters of the coal mine area. Under the condition of minimum permeability, the pore pressure at the end of the borehole is iteratively adjusted so that the diffusion radius of pressurized water at the end of the borehole meets the exploration requirements. Based on the two-dimensional geological cross-section model at the end of the borehole and the adjusted end-hole pore pressure, three-dimensional models of different borehole lengths are constructed. Under the condition of average permeability, the opening water pressure of the corresponding borehole length is calculated based on the adjusted end-hole pore pressure. Under maximum permeability conditions, water pressure simulation was performed on a three-dimensional model using open-hole water pressure at different borehole lengths to obtain the maximum leakage for the corresponding borehole lengths. During horizontal drilling, a water pressure test is conducted at the inlet on the side of the casing based on the opening water pressure of the corresponding borehole length to measure the actual leakage at the corresponding borehole length. If the actual leakage exceeds the maximum leakage at the corresponding borehole length, it is determined that there is a geological anomaly.

2. The method for detecting geological anomalies during horizontal drilling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water pressure test is conducted at the inlet on the side of the casing based on the opening water pressure of the corresponding borehole length. The water pressure test water pressure is the opening water pressure of different borehole lengths minus the elevation hydrostatic pressure value.

3. The method for detecting geological anomalies during horizontal drilling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, This also includes grouting treatment of the geological areas traversed by the corresponding borehole sections containing geological anomalies, specifically including: After grouting treatment of the geological areas traversed by the borehole sections corresponding to the geological anomalies, the relevant geological parameters of the coal mine area after grouting treatment are input into the above two-dimensional and three-dimensional models to determine the opening water pressure for the corresponding borehole length. Based on the opening water pressure for the corresponding borehole length after grouting treatment, a water pressure test is conducted at the water inlet on the side of the casing.

4. A computer system, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; And a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the geological anomaly detection method in horizontal drilling construction as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, is capable of performing the geological anomaly detection method in horizontal drilling construction as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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