Power supply and motion controller for multi-path switching motor

Abstract

The invention provides a power supply and motion controller used for multipath switching of a motor, a core module in a system architecture of the controller comprises a main control unit, a motor interface module, a signal switching module, a power supply management module, a position feedback module and a USB communication module, the main control unit is integrated on a single-chip microcomputer in a programmable power strip, and the motor interface module is integrated on the single-chip microcomputer. A plurality of IO ports of the programmable power strip are divided into three groups of functional ports, the three groups of functional ports comprise a motor gating group, a position detection group and a power supply control group, and the controller further comprises a mechanical part shell, a 24V output control circuit and a single chip microcomputer chip. Control tasks are flexibly distributed through software configuration, hardware reconstruction is not needed, power supply of each motor is independently managed, and standby power consumption and accidental starting risks are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic equipment technology, specifically to a power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial automation and other scenarios, programmable power strips are often used for centralized control of multiple motor devices. However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings in achieving programmable control, dynamic motor switching, position feedback, and intelligent power management.

[0003] First, traditional programmable power strips only support simple timed switching and cannot achieve time-sharing multiplexing control of multiple motors. When it is necessary to control multiple motors to perform complex actions (such as sequential start-stop, linkage adjustment), it is necessary to rely on an external controller or manually switch, thus losing the core advantage of "programmability".

[0004] Secondly, most power strips only provide power on / off functionality and lack real-time monitoring of motor operating status. The few systems that support position feedback require a separate sensor interface for each motor, further exacerbating the port occupancy problem.

[0005] On the other hand, traditional power strips can only switch the power on and off as a whole, and cannot independently control the power supply to a single motor. If it is necessary to control the power supply to a specific motor, an external relay module is required, which makes the system bloated and poses safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a power supply and motion controller for multi-channel switching motors, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background. The present invention provides a miniaturized, highly integrated, programmable power strip for small switching motors that supports programmability. It allows for flexible allocation of control tasks through software configuration without the need for hardware reconfiguration, and independently manages the power supply of each motor, avoiding standby power consumption and the risk of unexpected startup.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a power supply and motion controller for multi-channel switching motors. The core modules in the controller's system architecture include: a main control unit, a motor interface module, a signal switching module, a power management module, a position feedback module, and a USB communication module. The main control unit is a microcontroller integrated inside a programmable power strip, and its multiple I / O ports are divided into three groups of functional ports, including a motor selection group, a position detection group, and a power control group. The controller also includes a mechanical housing, a 24V output control circuit, and a microcontroller chip. The back of the mechanical housing is provided with multiple 24V power output ports, and an external USB to internal USB expansion adapter is provided on the other side of the mechanical housing.

[0008] Furthermore, the mechanical housing is provided with a 24V power input port and a screw fixing port at both ends, and a current fuse, a motor communication port and a USB to serial port chip are also provided on the back of the controller.

[0009] Furthermore, the motor selection group is used to control the transistor to switch the target motor; the position detection group is used to read the position signal of each motor; and the power control group is used to independently control the power supply to each motor.

[0010] Furthermore, the motor interface module is located in the standard motor socket of the power strip housing, supporting plug-and-play operation of the motor; the signal switching module controls each motor through a microcontroller selection group.

[0011] Furthermore, the power management module adopts a power MOSFET design, receives the power control group signal from the microcontroller, and independently drives the power supply of each motor. The power management module is equipped with two MOSFETs to isolate the motor power supply from the microcontroller control signal, preventing current backflow from burning out the microcontroller.

[0012] Furthermore, the position feedback module includes a photoelectric sensor, which is used to transmit the motor position signal to the microcontroller detection group via a serial port.

[0013] Furthermore, the controller also provides time-sharing motor switching control, which includes the following: multiple selector group I / O ports of the microcontroller output motor control signals, and multiple channel input terminals connected to the control lines of multiple motors respectively; the target motor is switched in time-sharing by outputting binary codes through the selector group I / O ports.

[0014] Furthermore, time-sharing control changes the output level of the microcontroller. Multiple channels correspond to multiple control circuits. The input of the motor control circuit is controlled by the microcontroller. Then, the host computer sends instructions to the microcontroller. The microcontroller receives the instructions, changes its output, changes the input of the motor control circuit, and the corresponding motor starts to move.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes motor position detection of the controller: the photoelectric switches of each motor are isolated and connected to multiple I / O ports of the microcontroller position detection group; after the microcontroller selects a certain motor control channel, it synchronously activates its corresponding position detection channel; when the motor moves to the position of the photoelectric switch, it will automatically stop, the circuit output level will change, and the microcontroller can determine the position of the motor by receiving this change in level.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes the independent power management process of the controller for the motor: the power control group IO port of the microcontroller is controlled to turn on the MOS switch through an inverting circuit; the input of the power control circuit is controlled by changing the output level of the microcontroller, and the output of the control circuit will also change accordingly by changing the output of the control circuit, thereby controlling the power supply to turn on.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1. This power and motion controller for multi-channel switching motors can flexibly allocate control tasks through software configuration without the need for hardware reconfiguration; it integrates position detection and power control to achieve a closed loop of "perception-decision-execution".

[0019] 2. This power supply and motion controller for multi-motor switching allows for simultaneous control of multiple motors, eliminating the need for users to repeatedly control motor switching; it also independently manages the power supply for each motor, avoiding standby power consumption and the risk of unexpected startup. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the core circuit principle of the multi-channel motor controller of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the multi-channel motor controller device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front view of the rear of the multi-channel motor controller device of the present invention;

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Mechanical housing; 2. 24V power output port; 3. External USB to internal USB expansion adapter; 4. 24V power input port; 5. Screw fixing port; 6. Current fuse; 7. 24V output control circuit; 8. Motor communication port; 9. Microcontroller chip; 10. USB to serial port chip. Detailed Implementation

[0024] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a power supply and motion controller for multi-channel switching motors, which flexibly allocates control tasks through software configuration without the need for hardware reconstruction; it integrates position detection and power control to realize a closed loop of "perception-decision-execution".

[0026] The overall structure of the controller includes a mechanical housing 1, a 24V output control circuit 7, and a microcontroller chip 9. Multiple 24V power output ports 2 are located on the back of the mechanical housing, and an external USB to internal USB expansion adapter 3 is located on the other side. A 24V power input port 4 and a screw mounting port 5 are located at both ends of the mechanical housing. A current fuse 6, a motor communication port 8, and a USB to serial port chip 10 are also located on the back of the controller.

[0027] 3. The overall system architecture is as follows:

[0028] The system includes the following core modules:

[0029] 1. Main Control Unit: A microcontroller integrated within the programmable power strip, whose multiple I / O ports are divided into three groups of functional ports:

[0030] 1.1 Motor selection group: Used to control transistors to switch target motors;

[0031] 1.2 Position Detection Group: Reads the position signals of each motor;

[0032] 1.3 Power Control Group: Independently controls the power supply to each motor.

[0033] 2. Motor interface module: A standard motor socket located on the power strip housing, supporting plug-and-play motor use;

[0034] 3. Signal switching module: Microcontroller selection group and control lines for each motor;

[0035] 4. Power Management Module: Based on power MOSFET design, it receives power control signals from the microcontroller and independently drives the power supply of each motor. It uses two MOSFETs to isolate the motor power supply from the microcontroller control signals and prevent current backflow from burning out the microcontroller.

[0036] 5. Position feedback module: photoelectric sensor, which transmits the motor position signal to the microcontroller detection group via serial port.

[0037] 6. USB Communication Module: The core board integrates a USB-to-UART chip, enabling communication between the USB Type-C interface and the 51 microcontroller's serial port. It supports plug-and-play, is compatible with Windows / Linux / MacOS systems, and has a configurable baud rate (default 9600bps).

[0038] Core module technology:

[0039] 1. Motor time-sharing switching control

[0040] The microcontroller has multiple strobe group I / O ports for motor control signal output lines, and multiple channel input terminals are connected to the control lines of multiple motors respectively;

[0041] By outputting binary codes through the strobe group I / O ports, the target motor can be switched in a time-sharing manner.

[0042] Time-sharing control involves changing the output level of a microcontroller. Multiple channels correspond to multiple control circuits. The input of the motor control circuit is controlled by the microcontroller, thus enabling the host computer to send instructions to the microcontroller, the microcontroller to receive the instructions, the microcontroller's output to change, the input of the motor control circuit to change, and the corresponding motor to start moving.

[0043] Functionality implementation:

[0044] The control logic is preset in the programmable power strip, and the microcontroller switches the target motor as needed.

[0045] 2. Motor position detection

[0046] The photoelectric switches of each motor are isolated and then connected to multiple I / O ports of the microcontroller position detection group;

[0047] After the microcontroller selects a motor control channel, it simultaneously activates its corresponding position detection channel.

[0048] In a circuit, a photoelectric sensor is an electronic component with a photosensitive element at its core. The output level of this circuit is different when there is light and when there is no light. When the motor moves to the position of the photoelectric switch, it will stop automatically, and the output level of the circuit will change. The microcontroller receives this change in level and can then determine the position of the motor.

[0049] 3. Independent management of motor power supply

[0050] The power control I / O port of the microcontroller is controlled by an inverting circuit to turn on the MOS switch.

[0051] The output of the microcontroller is the input of the power control circuit. By changing the output level of the microcontroller, the input of the power control circuit is controlled. Changes in the input of the power control circuit will also change the output of the control circuit. The power supply is turned on by changing the output of the control circuit.

[0052] This embodiment uses the control of 6 motors as an example to further illustrate the above technical content:

[0053] 1. Initialization configuration: Number the motors from 1 to 6, connect them to the controller output via Type-C, and detect the position of each motor.

[0054] 2. Control: Send switching commands to select motors 1, 2, and 3 to move, while motors 4, 5, and 6 remain stationary. Motors 1, 2, and 3 will stop at a predetermined position, while motors 4, 5, and 6 will remain stationary. Any motor can be controlled individually or in any combination, and the correct position of each motor can be obtained.

[0055] Software programming control:

[0056] 1. The default power control is to turn on power sequentially; the interval can be changed.

[0057] 2. By default, all power channels will be powered on sequentially. You can change whether any power channel is turned on or off via software.

[0058] Initial configuration:

[0059] 1. Set the baud rate to 9600 in the software and test if the communication function is normal;

[0060] 2. Test whether the power supply can be turned on normally and whether the voltage is normal;

[0061] 3. Send the command and test whether the command reception is normal.

[0062] control:

[0063] 1. Open the communication software, find the serial port corresponding to the controller, and send the command (which can be customized, such as an eight-bit command like 0X110110). The command 0X000111 means that motors 1, 2, and 3 will start. During the motor movement, sending commands will be invalid to prevent accidental activation and interference until the motors move to the designated position.

[0064] 2. After the motors stop, send a command (which can be customized, such as an eight-bit command like 0S111111). The command 0S111111 queries the position of the six motors. At this time, motors 1, 2, and 3 have reached the designated position, while motors 4, 5, and 6 have not moved. The microcontroller will reply with 0S111000, indicating the position of the six motors.

[0065] 3. Instruction description: 0X indicates movement, 000111 indicates six motors, 0 indicates start of movement, 1 indicates no movement, and can be combined arbitrarily. For example, 0X010111 indicates that motors 1 and 3 start, and the other motors do not move.

[0066] 4. Instruction description: 0S indicates a query, 111000 indicates six motors, 1 indicates reaching the specified position, and 0 indicates the motor is at the starting position. The key point of this instruction is the microcontroller's response.

[0067] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention.

[0068] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor, characterized in that, The core modules in the system architecture of the controller include: main control unit, motor interface module, signal switching module, power management module, position feedback module and USB communication module. The main control unit is a microcontroller integrated inside the programmable power strip. Its multiple IO ports are divided into three groups of functional ports. The three groups of functional ports include motor selection group, position detection group and power control group. The controller also includes a mechanical housing (1), a 24V output control circuit (7) and a microcontroller chip (9). The back of the mechanical housing is provided with multiple 24V power output ports (2). An external USB to internal USB expansion adapter (3) is opened on the other side of the mechanical housing.

2. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical housing is provided with a 24V power input port (4) and a screw fixing port (5) at both ends. On the back of the controller, there is also a current fuse (6), a motor communication port (8) and a USB to serial port chip (10).

3. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor selection group is used to control the transistor to switch the target motor; the position detection group is used to read the position signal of each motor; and the power control group is used to independently control the power supply to each motor.

4. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor interface module is located in the standard motor socket of the power strip housing, supporting plug-and-play motor use; the signal switching module controls each motor through a microcontroller selection group.

5. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power management module adopts a power MOSFET design, receives power control signals from the microcontroller, and independently drives the power supply of each motor. The power management module is equipped with two MOSFETs to isolate the motor power supply from the microcontroller control signals and prevent backflow of current from burning out the microcontroller.

6. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position feedback module includes a photoelectric sensor, which is used to transmit the motor position signal to the microcontroller detection group via a serial port.

7. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller also provides time-sharing motor switching control, which includes the following: multiple selector group I / O ports of the microcontroller output motor control signal lines, and multiple channel input terminals connected to the control lines of multiple motors respectively; the target motor is switched in time-sharing by outputting binary codes through the selector group I / O ports.

8. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: Time-sharing control changes the output level of a microcontroller. Multiple channels correspond to multiple control circuits. The input of the motor control circuit is controlled by the microcontroller. Then, the host computer sends instructions to the microcontroller. The microcontroller receives the instructions, changes its output, changes the input of the motor control circuit, and the corresponding motor starts to move.

9. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes motor position detection for the controller: the photoelectric switches of each motor are isolated and connected to multiple I / O ports of the microcontroller position detection group; after the microcontroller selects a motor control channel, it synchronously activates its corresponding position detection channel; when the motor moves to the position of the photoelectric switch, it will automatically stop, the circuit output level will change, and the microcontroller can determine the position of the motor by receiving this change in level.

10. A power supply and motion controller for a multi-channel switching motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes the independent power management process of the controller for the motor: the power control group IO port of the microcontroller is controlled to turn on the MOS switch through an inverting circuit; the input of the power control circuit is controlled by changing the output level of the microcontroller. When the input of the power control circuit changes, the output of the control circuit will also change accordingly. The power is turned on by changing the output of the control circuit.

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