Anti-lodging green high-yield cultivation method for marigold
By treating seeds with carbendazim and difenoconazole, mixing with specific substrates, and spraying with growth regulators, the problems of chemical pollution and poor lodging prevention in marigold cultivation have been solved, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly lodging resistance and high and stable yields.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511056369.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-31
AI Technical Summary
Current marigold cultivation methods involve chemical agents that pollute the environment, are ineffective in preventing lodging, are complex to operate, and fail to meet the needs of the entire growth cycle.
Seeds were soaked in a mixture of 50% carbendazim wettable powder and 10% difenoconazole suspension, combined with a substrate of garden leaf compost, humus and perlite, and an anti-lodging composition made of plant growth regulators, humic acid and seaweed extract. This was combined with alternating wet and dry irrigation and the installation of a support net to achieve multi-component synergistic lodging resistance.
It significantly improves the bending strength of stems, reduces lodging rate, reduces chemical residues, has a long-lasting effect, increases yield and improves quality, and is in line with the concept of green agriculture.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of anti-lodging pesticide technology, specifically to a green and high-yield cultivation method for marigolds to prevent lodging. Background Technology
[0002] Marigolds, as a flowering crop with significant economic value, are often troubled by lodging during cultivation. Lodging not only affects the normal growth and development of marigolds, leading to reduced yields, but also diminishes their ornamental value and quality, causing economic losses for growers.
[0003] In traditional marigold cultivation, chemical pesticides are often used to prevent lodging. However, the use of these pesticides has many drawbacks. On the one hand, these pesticides can pollute the environment; residual chemicals can enter the soil and water, adversely affecting the ecosystem, disrupting the soil's microbial balance, and impacting the survival of other organisms. On the other hand, long-term use of chemical pesticides can lead to pesticide resistance in marigolds, gradually weakening the pesticide's effectiveness and requiring increasingly higher dosages or changes in pesticide types, which undoubtedly increases planting costs and management difficulty.
[0004] Furthermore, while some existing lodging prevention technologies can play a role in prevention to a certain extent, they often suffer from limited effectiveness and short-lasting effects, failing to meet the lodging prevention needs of marigolds throughout their entire growth cycle. Moreover, some technologies are complex to operate, requiring specialized equipment and personnel, making them inconvenient for widespread adoption by growers.
[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, it is particularly urgent to develop an environmentally friendly, efficient, and easy-to-operate green and high-yield cultivation method for marigolds that is applicable to the entire growth cycle and prevents lodging. Such a composition can not only effectively improve the bending strength of marigold stems, reduce the lodging rate, and ensure high and stable yields, but also reduce the use of chemical agents, aligning with the development concept of green agriculture and playing a significant role in promoting the sustainable development of the marigold industry. Summary of the Invention
[0006] A green and high-yield cultivation method for marigolds to prevent lodging, in order to solve the pollution problem caused by chemical agents in existing technologies.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A1. Soak the seeds for 15 minutes in a mixture of 50% carbendazim wettable powder (500 times dilution) and 10% difenoconazole suspension (1000 times dilution);
[0008] A2. Mix 30% garden leaf compost, 50% humus, and 20% perlite by volume, and add 0.5% biochar.
[0009] A3. Transplanting and planting: Transplant in double rows with staggered planting, with a row spacing of 40-50cm and a plant spacing of 25-30cm.
[0010] A4. Application of the compound: 10 days after transplanting, during the budding stage and the initial flowering stage, dilute marigold fertilizer at 0.3-0.6 kg per mu with water 500-1000 times and spray it on the leaves;
[0011] A5. During the seedling stage, use "alternating dry and wet" irrigation (the substrate moisture content is circulated from 40% to 60%) and spray with 0.01 mg / L paclobutrazol solution;
[0012] A6. Lodging prevention management: Within 3 days after each spraying, mound soil around the plant, with the soil height being 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the base of the plant stem, and erect a nylon support net with a height of more than 80cm.
[0013] The seeds in A1 were soaked and then germinated under conditions of 26-30℃ and 12h light.
[0014] S1. Mix humic acid, seaweed extract and carrier at 50-70℃ for 30-60 minutes to obtain premix;
[0015] S2. Dissolve the plant growth regulator in the organosilicon adjuvant, add the surfactant and 10-20 parts of water to make a solution;
[0016] S3. Spray the solution prepared in S2 onto the surface of the premix, granulate it and dry it until the moisture content is ≤3% to obtain a marigold anti-lodging green high-yield agricultural composition granules.
[0017] During the mixing process in S1, ultrasonic treatment is applied at a frequency of 20-40kHz and a power of 200-500W.
[0018] The drying process in step S3 is carried out at a temperature of 80°C.
[0019] The plant growth regulator in S2 is dissolved in the organosilicon additive at a dissolution temperature of 80-90℃, and stirring is applied. The seaweed extract is alginate.
[0020] The plant growth regulator described in this invention has the chemical structure shown in Formula 1. This compound is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivative, its core structure consisting of a sulfonamide group on the left, an aromatic ring transition unit in the middle, and a dibenzo[a]heterocyclic skeleton on the right. Specifically, the sulfonyl group (-SO2-) in the structure can activate the plant's phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway, promote lignin synthesis, and enhance stem mechanical strength. The hydrophobicity and hydrogen bonding of the dibenzo[a]heterocyclic skeleton may interfere with gibberellin signal transduction, inhibit excessive stem elongation, and lower the center of gravity. When Z1 is N(R1) or C(CD3)2, its steric hindrance and electronic effects can slow down enzyme degradation and prolong the regulator's duration of action. The deuterated CD bond has a higher bond energy than the CH bond, which can reduce the oxidation / hydrolysis rate of the regulator by metabolic enzymes and improve molecular stability. The deuterated group may optimize the molecule's fit with plant hormone receptors and reduce off-target effects.
[0021] This invention discloses a green and high-yield agricultural composition for marigold lodging prevention, which achieves a triple anti-lodging mechanism of "chemical-physiological" through the synergistic effect of multiple components. Humic acid + alginate: Humic acid chelates trace elements to promote root development, while alginate polysaccharides induce the expression of stress-resistance genes, synergistically enhancing stem base thickness. Organosilicon adjuvant: Reduces solution surface tension, allowing regulators to quickly penetrate the cuticle, while simultaneously forming a breathable film to reduce transpiration. Diatomaceous earth carrier: Its porous structure adsorbs and slowly releases regulators, synergistically improving leaf adhesion with surfactants.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0023] 1. Highly effective lodging resistance: Through the synergistic effect of plant growth regulators, humic acid, and seaweed extracts, the bending strength of marigold stems is significantly improved, reducing the lodging rate to an industry-leading level.
[0024] 2. Green and environmentally friendly: It uses deuterated groups and natural components (such as alginate and diatomaceous earth) to reduce chemical residues. The amount of residue in the soil is lower than that of conventional anti-lodging agents, and the environmental safety is high.
[0025] 3. Long duration of effect: The unique molecular structure slows down metabolic degradation, and the duration of the drug effect is about 50% longer than that of commercially available products, reducing the frequency of application.
[0026] 4. Increased yield and improved quality: While preventing lodging, it promotes vigorous plant growth and significantly increases the weight of flowers per plant, achieving both high yield and excellent quality. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0028] A1. Soak seeds for 15 minutes in a mixture of 50% carbendazim wettable powder (500x dilution) and 10% difenoconazole suspension (1000x dilution);
[0029] A2. Mix 30% garden leaf compost, 50% humus, and 20% perlite by volume, and add 0.5% biochar.
[0030] A3. Transplanting and planting: Transplant in double rows with staggered planting, with a row spacing of 40-50cm and a plant spacing of 25-30cm.
[0031] A4. Application of the compound: 10 days after transplanting, during the budding stage and the initial flowering stage, dilute marigold fertilizer at 0.3-0.6 kg per mu with water 500-1000 times and spray it on the leaves;
[0032] A5. During the seedling stage, use "alternating dry and wet" irrigation (the substrate moisture content is circulated from 40% to 60%) and spray with 0.01 mg / L paclobutrazol solution;
[0033] A6. Lodging prevention management: Within 3 days after each spraying, mound soil around the plant, with the soil height being 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the base of the plant stem, and erect a nylon support net with a height of more than 80cm.
[0034] The seeds in A1 were soaked and then germinated under conditions of 26-30℃ and 12h light.
[0035] S1. Mix humic acid, seaweed extract and carrier at 50-70℃ for 30-60 minutes to obtain premix;
[0036] S2. Dissolve the plant growth regulator in the organosilicon adjuvant, add the surfactant and 10-20 parts of water to make a solution;
[0037] S3. Spray the solution prepared in S2 onto the surface of the premix, granulate it and dry it until the moisture content is ≤3% to obtain a marigold anti-lodging green high-yield agricultural composition granules.
[0038] During the mixing process in S1, ultrasonic treatment is applied at a frequency of 20-40kHz and a power of 200-500W.
[0039] The drying process in step S3 is carried out at a temperature of 80°C.
[0040] The plant growth regulator in S2 is dissolved in the organosilicon additive at a dissolution temperature of 80-90℃, and stirring is applied. The seaweed extract is alginate.
[0041] Synthesis example 1
[0042] Synthetic plant growth regulator 1:
[0043] ;
[0044] Step 1: Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 25 g of raw material 1, 16.11 g of raw material 2, 31.85 g of anhydrous potassium carbonate, and 3.99 g of tetra(triphenylphosphine)palladium were added sequentially to the phase system, dissolved in 250 g of a mixed solution of toluene, ethanol, and water (volume ratio 2:1:1). The mixture was heated to 75°C and refluxed for 10 hours. Heating was then turned off, and the mixture was cooled to room temperature and allowed to stand before separation. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, washed three times with water, evaporated to dryness, and then subjected to column chromatography using a mixture of petroleum ether and dichloromethane as the eluent. The final product was 24.50 g of intermediate 1. MS [MS+H + ]:254.
[0045] Step 2: Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 24.50 g of intermediate 1, 34.04 g of starting material 3, 51.53 g of potassium phosphate trihydrate, 0.2 g of pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, 0.9 g of CuI, and 250 g of DMSO were added sequentially to the reaction system. The reaction mixture was heated at 85 °C for 16 h. After cooling, the reaction mixture was extracted with ammonia solution and methyl tert-butyl ether. The organic phase was washed five times with water and then twice with saturated NaCl solution. Finally, the combined organic phases were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, evaporated to dryness, and subjected to column chromatography using a mixture of petroleum ether and dichloromethane as eluent to obtain 40.18 g of intermediate 2. MS[MS+H + ]:466.
[0046] Step 3: Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 40.18 g of intermediate 2, 19.81 g of raw material 4, 16.93 g of concentrated sulfuric acid, and 400 g of toluene were added sequentially to the reaction system, and the reaction mixture was heated at 85 °C for 10 h. The pH was adjusted to neutral with a 0.1 mol / L sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, 200 g of water was added, and the mixture was shaken and separated. The aqueous phase was washed three times with 100 g of toluene. The organic phases were combined, dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄, evaporated to dryness, and subjected to column chromatography using a mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate as the eluent. The final product was 49.82 g of plant growth regulator 1. MS[MS+H + ]:639.
[0047] 1 ¹H NMR (deuterated chloroform) δ 8.46–8.39 (m, 1H), 8.21–8.13 (m, 2H), 7.99–7.92 (m, 1H), 7.66–7.58 (m, 1H), 7.01–6.94 (m, 2H), 6.70–6.63 (m, 2H), 4.99 (d, 1H), 4.35 (d, 1H), 3.05 (s, 3H), 2.80 (s, 3H).
[0048] Synthesis Example 2-Synthesis Example 8
[0049] The plant growth regulator was synthesized according to the method described in Synthesis Example 1, except that raw material 4 was replaced, while the rest remained the same as in Synthesis Example 1. Specifically, the structure of raw material 4, the structure of the plant growth regulator, and the MS[MS+H] were described. + The data is shown in the table below.
[0050]
[0051]
[0052] Example 1
[0053] Preparation of a green and high-yield agricultural composition for marigold lodging prevention:
[0054] S1. The humic acid (250 parts), seaweed extract (alginate, 150 parts) and carrier (diatomaceous earth, 600 parts) are mixed at 50-70°C for 30-60 minutes, while ultrasonic treatment is applied at a frequency of 40kHz and a power of 500W to obtain a premix.
[0055] S2. Dissolve the plant growth regulator (plant growth regulator 1, 5 parts prepared in Synthesis Example 1) in the organosilicon additive (polyether modified silicone oil, 10 parts) at a dissolution temperature of 80-90°C, and stir. Add the surfactant (polyoxyethylene ether, 20 parts) and 20 parts water to prepare a solution.
[0056] S3. Spray the solution prepared in S2 onto the surface of the premix, granulate it, and dry it at 80°C until the moisture content is ≤3% to obtain a marigold anti-lodging green high-yield agricultural composition granules.
[0057] Examples 2-8
[0058] In the preparation of a marigold anti-lodging green high-yield agricultural composition according to Example 1, the plant growth regulators were replaced sequentially with the plant growth regulators prepared in Synthesis Examples 2-8, and the rest remained the same as in Example 1.
[0059] Comparative Example 1
[0060] The preparation of a marigold anti-lodging green high-yield agricultural composition according to Example 1 was carried out by replacing the plant growth regulator with comparative compound 1, while the rest remained the same as in Example 1.
[0061] Comparative compound 1: .
[0062] Comparative Example 2
[0063] The preparation of a marigold anti-lodging green high-yield agricultural composition according to Example 1 was carried out by replacing the plant growth regulator in Example 1 with comparative compound 2, while the rest remained the same as in Example 1.
[0064] Comparative compound 2: .
[0065] Comparative Example 3
[0066] The preparation of a marigold anti-lodging green high-yield agricultural composition according to Example 1 is carried out without the addition of plant growth regulators, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0067] Performance testing:
[0068] The field experiment selected marigold planting areas with uniform soil fertility and used a randomized block design to divide the experimental plots (20 m² each). 2 / area, 3 replicates), set up Example 1-8 groups, Comparative Examples 1-3 groups, commercially available chlormequat chloride positive control group and water blank group. All treatment groups were cultivated according to the above method, and foliar spraying was carried out 10 days after transplanting, at the budding stage and the initial flowering stage. The application rate was fixed at 0.45 kg per mu, diluted 750 times with water.
[0069] The determination of morphological and resistance indicators included three stages: Plant height (vertical height from ground to growing point) and stem diameter (diameter 5 cm above the base, caliper accuracy ±0.02 mm) were measured at the initial flowering stage; 7 days after initial flowering, stem segments (10 cm in length) were collected from the base of the plant and subjected to a three-point bending test using a universal testing machine according to ASTM D790 standard, recording the stem breaking strength (flexural strength); The lodging rate was calculated by artificially simulating a strong wind environment (wind speed 10 m / s for 30 min) (stem tilt angle ≥45° was considered lodging). Yield indicators were determined at maturity, by collecting and weighing complete inflorescences from a single plant (accuracy 0.1 g).
[0070] The duration of effectiveness was verified using a dynamic monitoring method. Ten plants were sampled every 7 days after the last application, and the flexural strength was continuously tested until the value was below the critical value of 15 MPa. Environmental safety was assessed by detecting the residual amount of plant growth regulator in the soil 30 days after application using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Agilent 7890B-5977B) instrument, with a detection limit of 0.1 ppb.
[0071]
[0072] Compared with comparative examples and commercially available products, the groups in this invention exhibit significant advantages in stem bending strength, lodging rate control, stem diameter development, and yield per plant, while also demonstrating a longer duration of effectiveness and lower environmental residues. The comparative groups, lacking key structures or components, showed a significant decrease in stem mechanical properties, a surge in lodging rate, excessive plant growth, and a sharp reduction in yield. While the commercially available control group was effective in controlling plant height, its overall lodging resistance and environmental friendliness were weaker than those of this invention. The blank group showed the worst performance in all indicators, verifying the necessity of the composition of this invention. The performance differences among different examples indicate that plant growth regulators containing deuterated groups and specific heterocyclic structures play a crucial role in improving lodging resistance persistence and reducing residues.
[0073] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A green and high-yield cultivation method for marigolds to prevent lodging, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A1. Soak seeds for 15 minutes in a mixture of 50% carbendazim wettable powder (500x dilution) and 10% difenoconazole suspension (1000x dilution); A2. Mix 30% garden leaf compost, 50% humus, and 20% perlite by volume, and add 0.5% biochar. A3. Transplanting and planting: Transplant in double rows with staggered planting, with a row spacing of 40-50cm and a plant spacing of 25-30cm. A4. Application of the compound: 10 days after transplanting, during the budding stage and the initial flowering stage, dilute marigold fertilizer at 0.3-0.6 kg per mu with water 500-1000 times and spray it on the leaves; A5. During the seedling stage, use "alternating dry and wet" irrigation (the substrate moisture content is circulated from 40% to 60%) and spray with 0.01 mg / L paclobutrazol solution; A6. Lodging prevention management: Within 3 days after each spraying, mound soil around the plant, with the soil height being 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the base of the plant stem, and erect a nylon support net with a height of more than 80cm.
2. The method for cultivating marigolds to prevent lodging and achieve high yield as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seeds in A1 were soaked and then germinated under conditions of 26-30℃ and 12h light.
3. A green and high-yield cultivation method for marigolds to prevent lodging, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix humic acid, seaweed extract and carrier at 50-70℃ for 30-60 minutes to obtain premix; S2. Dissolve the plant growth regulator in the organosilicon adjuvant, add the surfactant and 10-20 parts of water to make a solution; S3. Spray the solution prepared in S2 onto the surface of the premix, granulate it and dry it until the moisture content is ≤3% to obtain a marigold anti-lodging green high-yield agricultural composition granules.
4. The method for cultivating marigolds to prevent lodging and achieve high yield according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the mixing process in S1, ultrasonic treatment is applied at a frequency of 20-40kHz and a power of 200-500W.
5. A method for cultivating marigolds to prevent lodging and achieve high yield and green cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drying process in step S3 is carried out at a temperature of 80°C.
6. A method for cultivating marigolds to prevent lodging and achieve high yield and green cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plant growth regulator in S2 is dissolved in the organosilicon additive at a dissolution temperature of 80-90℃, and stirring is applied. The seaweed extract is alginate.