Excavator and oil bath type air filtering device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an excavator and an oil bath type air filtering device and method thereof. The oil bath type air filtering device comprises a hollow barrel body, an air inlet formed in the top of the barrel body, a sleeve arranged in the barrel body in a sleeved mode, an air outlet formed in the side wall of the barrel body, an air outlet pipeline communicated with the air outlet, a centrifugal barrel arranged in the sleeve and an oil storage disc arranged at the bottom of the barrel body, a first filter plate and a second filter plate which are parallel to each other are arranged on the lower portion of the sleeve, an oil suction pump is arranged between the first filter plate and the second filter plate, a motor is arranged between the centrifugal barrel and the first filter plate and connected to the oil suction pump and the centrifugal barrel, and filter paper is distributed on the inner wall of the centrifugal barrel; oil and impurities are separated through the centrifugal effect, the purified oil can flow back to the oil storage disc to be repeatedly used, the accumulation amount of the impurities in the filter paper can be sensed in real time through the pressure-sensitive sensor, and when the accumulation amount reaches a set threshold value, the buzzer can automatically give an alarm to accurately remind a user of cleaning and maintaining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of excavator technology, and particularly relates to an excavator and its oil bath air filtration device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In modern engineering construction, excavators, as an important type of engineering machinery, are widely used in many complex and harsh working environments such as mining, building construction, road construction, and water conservancy projects. Their efficient and stable operation plays a crucial role in project progress and construction quality. The core power of an excavator comes from its engine, and the normal operation of the engine is highly dependent on the cleanliness of the air entering it. If the air contains a large amount of ash, sand, and other impurities, these impurities will enter the engine's combustion chamber, cylinders, and other critical components, causing wear and corrosion, thus affecting the engine's performance and lifespan, and may even lead to engine failure, resulting in project delays and high maintenance costs.

[0003] To ensure clean air enters the engine, air filters are an indispensable key component of excavators. Oil bath air filters are a traditional and commonly used type of filtration device. Their working principle is as follows: when air containing impurities such as ash enters the filter, the impurities come into contact with the oil inside the filter. The viscosity of the oil adsorbs and traps the impurities, thus filtering the air and allowing relatively clean air to enter the engine. However, in practical applications, as the filter is used over time, the trapped ash and other impurities accumulate in the oil, causing it to gradually thicken and its viscosity to change. This reduces its ability to adsorb and trap impurities, leading to a continuous deterioration in filtration efficiency. Furthermore, under extreme conditions with extremely high ash content, a large amount of ash mixes with the oil, causing the oil to solidify. In this case, the filter completely loses its filtration function and cannot effectively filter the air entering the engine. A large amount of impurities directly enters the engine, severely accelerating engine wear.

[0004] Furthermore, the timing of oil replacement in traditional oil bath filters relies entirely on the operator's experience, lacking a scientifically accurate basis and often failing to ensure timely replacement. When the oil has lost its filtering effect but is not replaced in time, ineffective filtration occurs, allowing air containing impurities to continuously enter the engine. Over time, this significantly increases engine wear, drastically shortens engine lifespan, and increases equipment maintenance costs and failure rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an excavator and its corresponding oil bath air filtration device and method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address some or all of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an excavator and its oil bath air filtration device and method.

[0006] In one aspect of the present invention, an oil bath air filtration device for an excavator is provided, comprising a hollow barrel, an air inlet at the top of the barrel, an oil bath cap connected to the air inlet, a sleeve fitted inside the barrel, an air outlet on the side wall of the barrel, an air outlet pipe connected to the air outlet, a centrifuge barrel disposed within the sleeve, and an oil storage pan disposed at the bottom of the barrel, wherein:

[0007] The top of the sleeve is connected to the air inlet, and the bottom is fixed to the side wall of the barrel by a support plate. The support plate has a hollow structure. The lower part of the sleeve is provided with a first filter plate and a second filter plate that are parallel to each other. An oil suction pump is provided between the first filter plate and the second filter plate. The oil suction pump is connected to the inside of the oil storage pan through an oil suction pipe. The centrifuge barrel is located above the first filter plate and has an opening at the top. A motor is provided between the centrifuge barrel and the first filter plate. The motor is connected to the oil suction pump and the centrifuge barrel. The oil suction pump is connected to an oil discharge pipe. The free end of the oil discharge pipe is located above the centrifuge barrel. Filter paper is provided on the inner wall of the centrifuge barrel. A first filter screen is provided in the interlayer between the sleeve and the barrel. The first filter screen is located above the support plate. A second filter screen is provided between the support plate and the oil storage pan. The air outlet is located above the first filter screen.

[0008] Furthermore, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator described above, the oil bath cap is provided with multiple air guide plates, which are evenly spaced radially and are perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0009] Furthermore, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator described above, the motor and the first filter plate, and the oil pump and the second filter plate are all fixedly connected.

[0010] In one specific implementation, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator described above, a pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the centrifuge tank, and the pressure sensor is powered by a motor.

[0011] In one specific implementation, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator described above, the pressure sensor is connected to a buzzer.

[0012] As one specific implementation, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator described above, a plurality of centrifugal holes are evenly distributed on the side wall of the centrifugal barrel.

[0013] In one specific implementation, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator described above, both the first filter plate and the second filter plate are provided with a plurality of evenly distributed filter holes.

[0014] The oil bath air filtration method for excavators provided by this invention includes:

[0015] Step 1: Start the motor. The motor drives the oil suction pump to transport the oil in the oil storage pan from the oil suction pipe to the oil discharge pipe and then into the centrifuge tank. The centrifuge tank rotates under the drive of the motor. The oil in the centrifuge tank passes through the filter paper and is thrown out of the centrifuge tank under centrifugal force, falling into the first filter plate. Then the oil flows into the oil storage pan through the first filter plate and the second filter plate.

[0016] Step 2: The ash-containing air is transported to the air inlet by a pneumatic device. The ash-containing air first passes through the oil thrown out by the centrifuge barrel. This process causes some of the ash in the ash-containing air to adhere to the oil, completing the first filtration.

[0017] Step 3: Then the ash-containing air passes through the first filter plate, the second filter plate, and the tray in sequence. This process causes some of the ash in the ash-containing air to adhere again to the oil on the surface of the first filter plate, the second filter plate, and the tray, thus completing the second filtration.

[0018] Step 4: The dust-laden air then passes sequentially through the second filter and the first filter from the space below the tray. This process causes some of the dust in the dust-laden air to adhere to the first filter and the second filter, completing the third filtration.

[0019] Step 5: Finally, the filtered dusty air passes through the air outlet from the interlayer between the sleeve and the barrel and is discharged into the air outlet pipe.

[0020] In another aspect of the invention, an excavator is also provided, the excavator including the oil bath air filtration device described above.

[0021] The excavator and its oil bath air filtration device and method of the present invention have the following advantages and positive effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention adopts a multi-stage filtration structure. The first filtration is completed by the oil ejected from the centrifuge barrel, which can efficiently adsorb most of the particulate impurities in the dusty air. Then, the second filtration is carried out by the filter plate and the tray, and the oil attached to the surface of the plate further intercepts the residual impurities. Finally, the third filtration is completed by the filter screens of different precision. This not only significantly improves the cleanliness of the air, but also effectively blocks various ash impurities from entering the engine, greatly reducing the wear and corrosion of the engine.

[0023] (2) By setting up an oil circulation system, the present invention uses a motor to synchronously drive the centrifuge tank and the oil suction pump, so that the oil containing impurities in the oil storage pan enters the oil suction pump through the oil suction pipe, and then is discharged into the centrifuge tank through the oil discharge pipe, so that the ash in the ash-containing oil is filtered by the filter paper, and the oil is separated from the impurities through centrifugation. The purified oil can be returned to the oil storage pan for reuse, which greatly reduces the cost of oil consumption.

[0024] (3) By setting a pressure sensor at the bottom of the centrifuge barrel, the present invention can sense the amount of impurities accumulated in the filter paper in real time. When the set threshold is reached, the buzzer will automatically sound an alarm, accurately prompting the user to clean and maintain the filter. This effectively solves the problem of traditional filters relying on manual experience to judge and failing to replace the filter in time, and has good practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil bath air filtration device for the excavator of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1. Tank body; 2. Oil bath cap; 21. Air guide plate; 3. Sleeve; 4. Motor; 41. Oil suction pump; 42. Centrifuge tank; 43. Oil suction pipe; 44. Oil discharge pipe; 5. Oil storage tray; 6. Pressure sensor; 7. First filter plate; 71. Second filter plate; 72. Second filter screen; 73. First filter screen; 8. Support plate; 9. Air outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0030] This invention provides an excavator and its oil bath air filtration device and method, such as... Figure 1As shown, the excavator's oil bath air filtration device includes a hollow barrel 1, an air inlet at the top of the barrel 1, an oil bath cap 2 connected to the air inlet, a sleeve 3 fitted inside the barrel 1, an air outlet on the side wall of the barrel 1, an air outlet pipe 9 connected to the air outlet, a centrifugal tank 42 inside the sleeve 3, and an oil storage pan 5 at the bottom of the barrel 1. The oil bath cap 2 provides initial guidance and buffering for the incoming dust-laden air, reducing the direct impact of the airflow on the internal structure. The sleeve 3 is sealed to the barrel 1 to prevent air leakage and ensure that the dust-laden air can be effectively filtered. All fluid enters the sleeve 3 for filtration. The oil reservoir 5 stores the oil and also collects the oil flowing from the filter plates and screens, enabling oil recovery and recycling. The exhaust pipe 9 delivers clean air, filtered multiple times, to the engine, providing clean intake air. The top of the sleeve 3 is connected to the air inlet, and the bottom is fixed to the side wall of the barrel 1 by a support plate 8. The support plate 8 has a hollow structure, which can stably support the sleeve 3 without obstructing the flow of air and oil, ensuring smooth filtration. The lower part of the sleeve 3 is equipped with a first filter plate 7 and a second filter plate 7 that are parallel to each other. A suction pump 41 is installed between filter plates 71, the first filter plate 71, and the second filter plate 71. The suction pump 41 is connected to the inside of the oil storage pan 5 through a suction pipe 43. A centrifuge tank 42 is installed above the first filter plate 7 and has an opening at the top. A motor 4 is installed between the centrifuge tank 42 and the first filter plate 7. The motor 4 is connected to the suction pump 41 and the centrifuge tank 42. The centrifuge tank 42 can rotate at high speed under the drive of the motor 4. The suction pump 41 can draw oil from the oil storage pan 5 and transport it to the centrifuge tank 42, providing power for the circulation of oil. The suction pump 41 is connected to a discharge pipe 44. The free end of 4 is positioned above the centrifuge tank 42, allowing the oil discharged from the oil drain pipe 44 to fall precisely into the centrifuge tank 42. The inner wall of the centrifuge tank 42 is lined with filter paper, which has high adsorption performance and can filter impurities in the oil. A first filter screen 73 is provided in the interlayer between the sleeve 3 and the tank body 1. The first filter screen 73 is located above the tray 8. A second filter screen 72 is provided between the tray 8 and the oil storage pan 5. Preferably, the filtration accuracy of the first filter screen 73 is higher than that of the second filter screen 72, which can effectively trap fine impurities remaining in the air. The air outlet is located above the first filter screen 73.

[0031] Furthermore, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator of the present invention, a plurality of air guide plates 21 are provided on the oil bath cap 2. The plurality of air guide plates 21 are evenly spaced in the radial direction and the air guide plates 21 are perpendicular to the horizontal plane. This arrangement allows the dust-containing air to enter the device more evenly, avoiding excessive local airflow that could affect the filtration effect. At the same time, the air guide plates 21 can also block some larger particles of impurities.

[0032] Furthermore, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator of the present invention, the motor 4 and the first filter plate 7, and the oil suction pump 41 and the second filter plate 71 are fixedly connected. When the centrifuge barrel 42 rotates at high speed, the motor 4, the oil suction pump 41, the oil suction pipe 43, and the oil discharge pipe 44 are relatively fixed.

[0033] In one specific embodiment, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator of the present invention, a pressure sensor 6 is provided at the bottom of the centrifuge barrel 42. The pressure sensor 6 is powered by the motor 4 and can monitor the accumulation of impurities in the filter paper in real time according to the detected pressure.

[0034] In one specific implementation, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator of the present invention, the pressure sensor 6 is connected to a buzzer. When impurities accumulate in the filter paper to a certain amount, and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 6 reaches the set threshold, the buzzer will be triggered to sound an alarm, prompting the user to clean and maintain the filter in time to avoid the filtration effect being affected by excessive impurities.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator of the present invention, a plurality of centrifugal holes are evenly distributed on the side wall of the centrifugal barrel 42. When the centrifugal barrel 42 rotates at high speed, the oil passes through the filter paper and is thrown out from the centrifugal holes under the centrifugal action, while impurities are trapped in the filter paper.

[0036] As one specific implementation, in the oil bath air filtration device of the excavator of the present invention, both the first filter plate 7 and the second filter plate 71 are provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed filter holes. The size and distribution position of the filter holes need to be set according to the specific working conditions such as the type of oil and the ash content of the dust-containing air during actual use.

[0037] The oil bath air filtration method of the present invention is implemented using the above-mentioned oil bath air filtration device, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Start motor 4. Motor 4 drives oil suction pump 41 to transport oil in oil storage pan 5 from oil suction pipe 43 to oil discharge pipe 44 and then into centrifuge tank 42. Centrifuge tank 42 rotates at high speed under the drive of motor 4. Under centrifugal action, oil in centrifuge tank 42 passes through filter paper and is thrown out of centrifuge tank 42, falling into first filter plate 7. Then, oil flows into oil storage pan 5 through first filter plate 7 and second filter plate 71, completing the oil circulation.

[0039] Step 2: The air containing ash is transported to the air inlet by a pneumatic device. The air containing ash first passes through the oil thrown out by the centrifuge barrel 42. This process causes some of the ash in the air to adhere to the oil, completing the first filtration.

[0040] Step 3: Then the dust-laden air passes through the first filter plate 7, the second filter plate 71, and the support plate 8 in sequence. This process causes some of the dust in the dust-laden air to adhere again to the oil on the surface of the first filter plate 7, the second filter plate 71, and the support plate 8, thus completing the second filtration.

[0041] Step 4: The dust-laden air then continues to flow downward from the space below the tray 8, then turns upward and passes through the second filter and the first filter in sequence. This process causes some of the dust in the dust-laden air to adhere to the first and second filters, completing the third filtration.

[0042] Step 5: Finally, the filtered dusty air passes through the air outlet from the interlayer between the sleeve 3 and the barrel 1 and is discharged into the air outlet pipe 9.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, in the oil bath air filtration method for excavators of the present invention, during the filtration process, the oil containing dust and impurities in the oil storage pan 5 enters the oil suction pump 41 through the oil suction pipe 43, and is discharged into the filter paper of the centrifuge barrel 42 through the oil discharge pipe 44. The centrifuge barrel 42 and the oil suction pump 41 are driven by the motor 4. After the unclean oil flows into the centrifuge barrel 42, it is separated by centrifugation and thrown out from the centrifuge hole, flowing back into the oil storage pan 5, so that the oil can be reused, while the ash and impurities are collected in the filter paper.

[0044] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an excavator that includes the above-described oil bath air filtration device.

[0045] In summary, compared with the prior art, the excavator and its oil bath air filtration device and method of the present invention have the following advantages and positive effects:

[0046] (1) The present invention adopts a multi-stage filtration structure. The first filtration is completed by the oil ejected from the centrifuge barrel 42, which can efficiently adsorb most of the particulate impurities in the dusty air. Then, the second filtration is carried out by the filter plate and the tray 8, which further intercepts the residual impurities by the oil attached to their surface. Finally, the third filtration is completed by the filter screens of different precision. This not only significantly improves the cleanliness of the air, but also effectively blocks various ash impurities from entering the engine, greatly reducing the wear and corrosion of the engine.

[0047] (2) By setting up an oil circulation system, the present invention uses a motor 4 to synchronously drive the centrifuge tank 42 and the oil suction pump 41, so that the oil containing impurities in the oil storage pan 5 enters the oil suction pump 41 through the oil suction pipe 43, and then is discharged into the centrifuge tank 42 through the oil discharge pipe 44, so that the ash in the ash-containing oil is filtered by the filter paper, and the oil is separated from the impurities through centrifugation. The purified oil can be returned to the oil storage pan 5 for reuse, which greatly reduces the cost of oil consumption.

[0048] (3) By setting a pressure sensor 6 at the bottom of the centrifuge barrel 42, the present invention can sense the amount of impurities accumulated in the filter paper in real time. When the set threshold is reached, the buzzer will automatically alarm and accurately remind the user to clean and maintain the filter. This effectively solves the problem of traditional filters relying on manual experience to judge and failure to replace filters in time, and has good practicality.

[0049] It should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" or its synonyms should be interpreted broadly in this document. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, expressions such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Meanwhile, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. In addition, the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" in this document refer to the placement states shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil bath type air filtration device for an excavator, characterized in that, The container includes a hollow barrel (1), an air inlet at the top of the barrel (1), an oil bath cap (2) connected to the air inlet, a sleeve (3) fitted inside the barrel (1), an air outlet on the side wall of the barrel (1), an air outlet pipe (9) connected to the air outlet, a centrifuge barrel (42) inside the sleeve (3), and an oil storage pan (5) at the bottom of the barrel (1), wherein: The top of the sleeve (3) is connected to the air inlet, and the bottom is fixed to the side wall of the barrel (1) by a support plate (8). The support plate (8) has a hollow structure. The lower part of the sleeve (3) is provided with a first filter plate (7) and a second filter plate (71) that are parallel to each other. An oil suction pump (41) is provided between the first filter plate (7) and the second filter plate (71). The oil suction pump (41) is connected to the inside of the oil storage pan (5) through an oil suction pipe (43). The centrifuge barrel (42) is located above the first filter plate (7) and the top of the centrifuge barrel (42) has an opening. The centrifuge barrel (42) and the first filter plate (7) A motor (4) is provided between the oil suction pump (41) and the centrifuge tank (42). The oil suction pump (41) is connected to the oil discharge pipe (44). The free end of the oil discharge pipe (44) is located above the centrifuge tank (42). Filter paper is provided on the inner wall of the centrifuge tank (42). A first filter screen (73) is provided in the interlayer between the sleeve (3) and the tank body (1). The first filter screen (73) is located above the tray (8). A second filter screen (72) is provided between the tray (8) and the oil storage pan (5). The air outlet is located above the first filter screen (73).

2. The oil bath air filtration device for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil bath cap (2) is provided with multiple air guide plates (21), which are evenly spaced radially and are perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

3. The oil bath air filtration device for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor (4) and the first filter plate (7) are fixedly connected, as are the oil pump (41) and the second filter plate (71).

4. The oil bath air filtration device for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor (6) is provided at the bottom of the centrifuge tank (42), and the pressure sensor (6) is powered by a motor (4).

5. The oil bath air filtration device for excavators according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (6) is connected to a buzzer.

6. The oil bath air filtration device for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifuge barrel (42) has multiple centrifuge holes evenly distributed on its side wall.

7. The oil bath air filtration device for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first filter plate (7) and the second filter plate (71) have multiple uniformly distributed filter holes.

8. An oil bath air filtration method for an excavator, said air filtration method being implemented using an air filtration device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: Step 1: Start the motor (4), the motor (4) drives the oil suction pump (41) to transport the oil in the oil storage pan (5) from the oil suction pipe (43) to the oil discharge pipe (44) and then flow into the centrifuge tank (42). The centrifuge tank (42) rotates under the drive of the motor (4). The oil in the centrifuge tank (42) passes through the filter paper and is thrown out of the centrifuge tank (42) under centrifugal action, falling into the first filter plate (7). Then the oil flows into the oil storage pan (5) through the first filter plate (7) and the second filter plate (71). Step 2: The ash-containing air is transmitted to the air inlet by a pneumatic device. The ash-containing air first passes through the oil thrown out by the centrifuge barrel (42). This process causes some of the ash in the ash-containing air to adhere to the oil, completing the first filtration. Step 3: Then the ash-containing air passes through the first filter plate (7), the second filter plate (71), and the tray (8) in sequence. This process causes some of the ash in the ash-containing air to adhere again to the oil on the surface of the first filter plate (7), the second filter plate (71), and the tray (8), thus completing the second filtration. Step 4: Then the dusty air passes through the second filter (72) and the first filter (73) in sequence from the space below the tray (8). This process causes some of the dust in the dusty air to adhere to the first filter (73) and the second filter (72), completing the third filtration. Step 5: Finally, the filtered dusty air passes through the air outlet from the interlayer between the sleeve (3) and the barrel (1) and is discharged into the air outlet pipe (9).

9. An excavator, characterized in that, The excavator includes an oil bath air filtration device as described in any one of claims 1-7.

Images