Device and method for separating beam based on isotope electromagnetic separator

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam separation device and method based on an isotope electromagnetic separator. The device comprises a receiver panel arranged on a receiver of the isotope electromagnetic separator, a beam receiving pocket, an insulating block and a plurality of tungsten rods used for measuring beam intensity and width. And the baffle blocks are used for blocking particles sputtered in the adjacent beam receiving pockets. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a separation radius R, a valley region width delta R and a beam spot width W of the electromagnetic separator; according to the separation radius R, the valley region width delta R and the beam spot width W, the fixed position of the tungsten rod is obtained; a beam trajectory diagram is obtained according to the separation radius R, the valley region width delta R and the beam spot width W; and the fixed position of the stop block is calculated according to the beam trajectory diagram. According to the method, the target isotope abundance is improved from 98% to 99.5%. The time for adjusting the beam is reduced, the loss caused by the fact that the ion beam is not aligned with the receiving seam is reduced, and the isotope productivity is improved: the productivity of 176Yb is improved from 18g / year to 22g / year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of isotope electromagnetic separator technology, and particularly relates to a device and method for separating beams based on isotope electromagnetic separators. Background Technology

[0002] A stable isotope electromagnetic separator is a device that uses electromagnetic methods to separate isotopes and is widely used in fields such as nuclear medicine and quantum measurement. Figure 1 As shown, the receiver, as its core component, is used to receive and monitor beams of different isotopes. Figure 2 As shown, in the prior art, the beam measurement device of the receiver consists of an integrated conductive panel and various beam receiving pockets 5. However, this design has the following drawbacks: First, it lacks suppression of contamination between adjacent beam receiving pockets because the existing structure cannot block sputtered particles from isotopes in adjacent beam receiving pockets, making it susceptible to contamination by sputtered ions from adjacent high-intensity isotopes. The presence of sputtered ions from adjacent high-intensity isotopes affects the purity and abundance of the separated products. Second, there is a blind spot in position monitoring: the integrated conductive panel beam measurement cannot reflect the specific left-right offset of the target beam near the beam receiving pocket, making it difficult to make timely dynamic corrections. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes a device and method for separating beams based on an isotope electromagnetic separator. The first objective is to solve the problem of high-intensity isotope ion sputtering between adjacent beam receiving pockets, which affects the purity and abundance of the separated product. The second objective is to solve the problem that the integrated conductive panel has a blind spot in beam position monitoring, which cannot reflect the specific left-right offset of the target beam near the beam receiving pocket, thus making it difficult to make timely dynamic corrections.

[0004] To solve its technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A measurement device for a separated beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator is characterized in that: the measurement device includes: a receiver panel (3) arranged on the receiver of the isotope electromagnetic separator, a plurality of parallel elongated beam receiving pockets (5) with the receiver panel (3) as the beam inlet, an insulating block (4) installed on the receiver panel (3), a plurality of tungsten rods (1) and a plurality of baffles (2) installed on the insulating block (4); the tungsten rods (1) are used to measure the beam intensity and beam width of the current beam receiving pocket (5); the baffles (2) are used to block the particles sputtered in the adjacent beam receiving pockets (5).

[0006] Furthermore, each beam receiving pocket (5) corresponds to two tungsten rods (1) and one stop. The two tungsten rods (1) are arranged on both sides of the current beam receiving pocket (5), and the tungsten rods on each side are arranged between the gaps of two adjacent beam tracks: one is used to measure the beam intensity, and the other is used to measure the beam width. The stop (2) is arranged on one side of the tungsten rod (1) for measuring the beam intensity and together with the tungsten rod (1) is arranged between the gaps of the two adjacent beam tracks.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter of the tungsten rod (1) should not be too large or too small, taking into account both the intensity and accuracy of the measured beam signal; the shape of the baffle should match the shape of the gap between two adjacent beam trajectories.

[0008] A method for separating a beam using an isotope electromagnetic separator, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Calculate the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W of the electromagnetic separator;

[0010] Step 2: Determine the fixed position of the tungsten rod based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W;

[0011] Step 3: Obtain the beam trajectory diagram based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam spot width W;

[0012] Step 4: Calculate the fixed position of the baffle based on the beam trajectory diagram.

[0013] The specific process for calculating the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W of the electromagnetic separator in step one is as follows:

[0014] 1) Obtain the separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator;

[0015] 2) Obtain the width W of the beam spot and the width ΔR of the valley region.

[0016] The specific steps for obtaining the separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator in step 1) are as follows:

[0017] ①Establish a system of equations based on the centripetal force formula, the energy conservation formula, and the ion mass formula;

[0018] A. Centripetal force formula:

[0019]

[0020] In formula (1), q and B are known, and v, R, and m are unknown, where q is the charge (C), B is the magnetic induction intensity (T), v is the ion velocity (m / s), R is the separation radius (mm), and m is the ion mass (kg).

[0021] B. Energy Conservation Formula

[0022]

[0023] In formula (2), q and V are known. A Unknown v, m, where V A It is the accelerating voltage (V);

[0024] C. Ion mass formula

[0025] m=M×u (3)

[0026] In formula (3), M and u are known, and m is unknown, where M is the isotopic mass number and u is the atomic mass unit;

[0027] ②The separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator is obtained from the system of equations. The separation radius of the electromagnetic separator is the radius R of the center point of the bundle trajectory.

[0028]

[0029] The specific steps for obtaining the beamwidth W in step 2) of the first step are as follows:

[0030] The beam width W is obtained based on the following beam width formula and the calculated separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator. The beam width formula is as follows:

[0031]

[0032] The specific steps for obtaining the valley width ΔR in step 2) of the first step are as follows:

[0033] (1) Let the separation radii of the two beams be R1 and R2, respectively.

[0034] (2) Substitute R1 and R2 into formula (4):

[0035]

[0036] Where M1 is the isotopic mass number corresponding to the separation radius R1, M2 is the isotopic mass number corresponding to the separation radius R2, and V A It is the accelerating voltage (V);

[0037] (3) The width of the valley between the two beams can be determined by the formula.

[0038]

[0039] 4. The method for separating a beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed position of the tungsten rod in step two, based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam spot width W, is as follows:

[0040] 1) Set the tungsten rod for measuring the beam current in the valley region as N1, and set the position of the tungsten rod for measuring the beam width as N2;

[0041] 2) Based on the obtained separation radius R and beam width W, the fixed positions of tungsten rods N1 and N2 are as follows:

[0042] N1 = Separation radius R - Beam width W / 2 (7);

[0043] N2 = Separation radius R + Beam width W / 2 (8);

[0044] The fourth step, determining the fixed position of the baffle based on the beam trajectory diagram, is as follows:

[0045] 1) Obtain the beam trajectory corresponding to each of the two adjacent beam receiving channels;

[0046] 2) Obtain the shape of the gap between the two beam trajectories based on the beam trajectory;

[0047] 3) Based on the shape of the gap, make the shape of the stop block and the position of the stop block.

[0048] Advantages and effects of the present invention

[0049] 1. By setting a tungsten rod 1 and a baffle 2 on the receiver panel 3, the sputtering particles of light side isotopes are blocked, improving the accuracy of reception and increasing the abundance of the target isotope: the abundance of 176Yb is increased from 98% to 99.5%.

[0050] 2. By setting tungsten rod 1 and baffle 2 on receiver panel 3, the time required to adjust the beam current is reduced, and the equipment operating efficiency is improved: the adjustment time before receiving is reduced from 30 minutes to 10 minutes.

[0051] 3. By setting tungsten rod 1 and baffle 2 on receiver panel 3, the beam alignment performance is enhanced, the loss of ion beam caused by misalignment of receiver slot is reduced, and the isotope production capacity is increased: the production capacity of 176Yb is increased from 18g / year to 22g / year. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This invention describes the working principle of the stable isotope electromagnetic separator.

[0053] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the receiver;

[0054] Figure 3 This describes the working principle of the beam receiving pocket.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separated beam measurement device of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the separated beam measurement device of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separated beam measurement device of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0058] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the separated beam measurement device of the present invention. Figure 4 ;

[0059] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the four-beam receiving pocket of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the beam trajectory of adjacent beam receiving pockets in this invention.

[0061] In the diagram, 1: tungsten rod; 2: stop block; 3: receiver panel; 4: insulating block; 5: beam receiving pocket. Detailed Implementation

[0062] Design principle of the invention

[0063] 1. Design challenges of this invention: The challenge lies in how to accurately calculate beam separation parameters (separation radius, beam width, valley width) to improve separation accuracy.

[0064] 2. Innovations of this invention: 1. A system of equations is established based on the centripetal force formula, energy conservation formula, and ion mass formula to calculate the separation radius R. 2. The beam width W is calculated based on the separation radius R and the beam width formula. 3. The valley width is calculated using the difference in separation radii between two beams. 4. The fixed positions of the tungsten rods (N1, N2) are determined based on the separation radius R, valley width, and beam width W. 5. The shape and position of the baffles are designed based on the beam trajectory diagram. 6. The coordinated layout of the tungsten rods and baffles in the measuring device (each pocket corresponds to 2 tungsten rods and 1 baffle, with specific positions).

[0065] 3. The combination of the above-mentioned innovative features 1-6 enables precise calculation of separation parameters and optimization of the measurement device, resulting in a synergistic effect, such as improved separation accuracy and reduced sputtering interference.

[0066] Based on the above principles, such as Figure 1-9As shown, the present invention designs a measurement device for separated beams based on an isotope electromagnetic separator. The device comprises: a receiver panel 3 disposed on the receiver of the isotope electromagnetic separator; multiple parallel elongated beam receiving pockets 5 with the receiver panel 3 serving as the beam inlet; an insulating block 4 mounted on the receiver panel 3; multiple tungsten rods 1 mounted on the insulating block 4; and multiple baffles 2. The tungsten rods 1 are used to measure the beam intensity and beam width of the current beam receiving pocket 5; and the baffles 2 are used to block particles sputtered from adjacent beam receiving pockets 5.

[0067] like Figure 5 , Figure 9 As shown, each beam receiving pocket 5 corresponds to two tungsten rods 1 and one stop block. The two tungsten rods 1 are arranged on both sides of the current beam receiving pocket 5, and the tungsten rods on each side are arranged between the gaps of two adjacent beam tracks: one is used to measure the beam intensity, and the other is used to measure the beam width. The stop block 2 is arranged on one side of the tungsten rod 1 that measures the beam intensity and is arranged together with the tungsten rod 1 between the gaps of the two adjacent beam tracks.

[0068] The diameter of the tungsten rod 1 should not be too large or too small, taking into account both the intensity and accuracy of the measured beam signal; the shape of the baffle should match the shape of the gap between two adjacent beam trajectories.

[0069] A method for separating beams based on isotope electromagnetic separators, such as Figure 1 As shown, its characteristics include the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Calculate the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W of the electromagnetic separator;

[0071] Step 2: Determine the fixed position of the tungsten rod based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W;

[0072] Step 3: Obtain the beam trajectory diagram based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam spot width W;

[0073] Step 4: Calculate the fixed position of the baffle based on the beam trajectory diagram.

[0074] The specific process for calculating the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W of the electromagnetic separator in step one is as follows:

[0075] 1) Obtain the separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator;

[0076] The specific steps are as follows;

[0077] ①Establish a system of equations based on the centripetal force formula, the energy conservation formula, and the ion mass formula;

[0078] A. Centripetal force formula:

[0079]

[0080] In formula (1), q and B are known, and v, R, and m are unknown, where q is the charge (C), B is the magnetic induction intensity (T), v is the ion velocity (m / s), R is the separation radius (mm), and m is the ion mass (kg).

[0081] B. Energy Conservation Formula

[0082]

[0083] In formula (2), q and V are known. A Unknown v, m, where V A It is the accelerating voltage (V);

[0084] C. Ion mass formula

[0085] m=M×u (3)

[0086] In formula (3), M and u are known, and m is unknown, where M is the isotopic mass number and u is the atomic mass unit;

[0087] ②The separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator is obtained from the system of equations. The separation radius of the electromagnetic separator is the radius R of the center point of the bundle trajectory.

[0088]

[0089] 2) Obtain the beam width W and valley width ΔR;

[0090] The specific steps are as follows:

[0091] The beam width W is obtained based on the following beam width formula and the calculated separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator. The beam width formula is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] The specific steps for obtaining the valley width ΔR in step 2) of the first step are as follows:

[0094] (1) Let the separation radii of the two beams be R1 and R2, respectively.

[0095] (2) Substitute R1 and R2 into formula (4):

[0096]

[0097] Where M1 is the isotopic mass number corresponding to the separation radius R1, M2 is the isotopic mass number corresponding to the separation radius R2, and V A It is the accelerating voltage (V);

[0098] (3) The width of the valley between the two beams can be determined by the formula.

[0099]

[0100] The second step involves determining the fixed position of the tungsten rod based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W, as detailed below:

[0101] 1) Set the tungsten rod for measuring the beam current in the valley region as N1, and set the position of the tungsten rod for measuring the beam width as N2;

[0102] 2) Based on the obtained separation radius R and beam width W, the fixed positions of tungsten rods N1 and N2 are as follows:

[0103] N1 = Separation radius R - Beam width W / 2 (7);

[0104] N2 = Separation radius R + Beam width W / 2 (8);

[0105] The fourth step, determining the fixed position of the baffle based on the beam trajectory diagram, is as follows:

[0106] 1) Obtain the beam trajectory corresponding to each of the two adjacent beam receiving channels;

[0107] 2) Obtain the shape of the gap between the two beam trajectories based on the beam trajectory;

[0108] 3) Based on the shape of the gap, make the shape of the stop block and the position of the stop block.

[0109] Example 1

[0110] Taking the separation of ytterbium isotopes using an electromagnetic separator as an example, such as Figure 1-9 As shown, the target isotope is ytterbium-176. 1. Calculate the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W of the electromagnetic separator.

[0111] According to the separation radius formula (4), where B = 0.1833T, M = 176, V A =28000V, the separation radius R of ytterbium-176 is calculated to be 1730.

[0112] According to the beam width formula (5), where R = 1730 and α = 12°, the beam width W of ytterbium-176 is calculated to be 10 mm.

[0113] According to the valley width formula (6), where the mass number of ytterbium-176 M2 = 176 and the mass number of ytterbium-174 M1 = 174, the valley width ΔR between the ytterbium-176 and ytterbium-174 beams is calculated to be 10 mm.

[0114] 2. The fixed position of the tungsten rod is determined based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W;

[0115] The tungsten rod for measuring the beam current in the valley region is set as N1, and the position of the tungsten rod for measuring the beam width is set as N2;

[0116] Tungsten rods with a diameter of 2mm were selected. Smaller diameter rods would produce too small an electrical signal from the beam, making them difficult to monitor; larger diameter rods would result in an excessively large measurement area, making accurate measurement impossible. Tungsten rods N1 and N2 were arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the beam centerline along the horizontal direction (i.e., left-right direction) of the target beam (ytterbium-176 beam), parallel to the beam receiving pocket.

[0117] According to formulas (7) and (8), it is calculated that tungsten rod N1 is theoretically located 5 mm to the left of the center line of the ytterbium-176 beam trajectory, and N2 is theoretically located 5 mm to the right of the center line of the ytterbium-176 beam trajectory.

[0118] Considering calculation errors and the difference between the tungsten rod diameter and the actual assembly position, the spacing between the tungsten rods should be slightly wider than the beam width by 15%, i.e., the spacing should be 11.5 mm. Tungsten rod N1 is actually located about 5.7 mm to the left of the center line of the Ytterbium-176 beam trajectory, and N2 is actually located about 5.7 mm to the right of the center line of the Ytterbium-176 beam trajectory. If the spacing is too large, the beam position cannot be accurately determined, and if the spacing is too small, the beam will be blocked, reducing the production capacity.

[0119] The beam trajectory diagram is derived based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam spot width W.

[0120] 4. Calculate the fixed position of the baffle based on the beam trajectory diagram.

[0121] Based on the beam trajectory diagram and the shape and position of the gap between the ytterbium-174 and ytterbium-176 beam trajectories, the cross-sectional shape of the baffle is determined to be pentagonal, with a left boundary inclination angle of approximately 58° and a right boundary inclination angle of approximately 48°, essentially parallel to the beam boundary to reduce the risk of interference. The baffle height should be 1.5 times the width of the valley area, i.e., 15mm high. A higher height would block the target beam (ytterbium-176 beam), reducing power output; a lower height would not effectively block sputtering. Its length is consistent with the receiving slot, effectively preventing sputtering particles from the non-target beam (ytterbium-174 beam) from entering the target receiving slot and improving the receiving abundance.

[0122] 5. Detect the beam position during operation.

[0123] When the target beam bombards the tungsten rod 1, it generates an electrical signal. At this time, based on the intensity of the electrical signals generated by each tungsten rod N1 and N2, the left and right position deviation of the target beam from the receiving slot is determined, and the position of the target beam is adjusted to make it face the receiving slot. Specifically, when the signal intensity of N1 is greater than that of N2, the beam is deflected to the left; otherwise, it is deflected to the right. When the signal intensity of both N1 and N2 is less than 5% of the total intensity of the target beam, the beam position can be considered correct.

[0124] It should be emphasized that the above specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to the above embodiments without contributing any inventive step, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A measuring device for a separated beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator, characterized in that: The measuring device includes: a receiver panel (3) arranged on the isotope electromagnetic separator receiver, multiple parallel elongated beam receiving pockets (5) with the receiver panel (3) as the beam inlet, an insulating block (4) mounted on the receiver panel (3), multiple tungsten rods (1) mounted on the insulating block (4), and multiple baffles (2); the tungsten rods (1) are used to measure the beam intensity and beam width of the current beam receiving pocket (5); the baffles (2) are used to block particles sputtered from adjacent beam receiving pockets (5).

2. The measuring device for a separated beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each beam receiving pocket (5) corresponds to two tungsten rods (1) and one stop. The two tungsten rods (1) are arranged on both sides of the current beam receiving pocket (5), and the tungsten rods on each side are arranged between the gaps of two adjacent beam tracks: one is used to measure the beam intensity and the other is used to measure the beam width. The stop (2) is arranged on one side of the tungsten rod (1) for measuring the beam intensity and together with the tungsten rod (1) is arranged between the gaps of two adjacent beam tracks.

3. The measuring device for a separated beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the tungsten rod (1) should not be too large or too small, and the strength and accuracy of the measured beam signal should be taken into account. The shape of the baffle should match the shape of the gap between two adjacent beam trajectories.

4. A method for separating a beam using an isotope electromagnetic separator based on a measuring device for separating beams according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W of the electromagnetic separator; Step 2: Determine the fixed position of the tungsten rod based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W; Step 3: Obtain the beam trajectory diagram based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam spot width W; Step 4: Calculate the fixed position of the baffle based on the beam trajectory diagram.

5. The method for separating a beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific process for calculating the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W of the electromagnetic separator in step one is as follows: 1) Obtain the separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator; 2) Obtain the width W of the beam spot and the width ΔR of the valley region.

6. The method for separating a beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator in step 1) are as follows: ①Establish a system of equations based on the centripetal force formula, the energy conservation formula, and the ion mass formula; A. Centripetal force formula: In formula (1), q and B are known, and v, R, and m are unknown, where q is the charge (C), B is the magnetic induction intensity (T), v is the ion velocity (m / s), R is the separation radius (mm), and m is the ion mass (kg). B. Energy Conservation Formula In formula (2), q and V are known. A Unknown v, m, where V A It is the accelerating voltage (V); C. Ion mass formula m=M×u (3) In formula (3), M and u are known, and m is unknown, where M is the isotopic mass number and u is the atomic mass unit; ②The separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator is obtained from the system of equations. The separation radius of the electromagnetic separator is the radius R of the center point of the bundle trajectory.

7. The method for separating a beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the beamwidth W in step 2) of the first step are as follows: The beam width W is obtained based on the following beam width formula and the calculated separation radius R of the electromagnetic separator. The beam width formula is as follows:

8. The method for separating a beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the valley width ΔR in step 2) of the first step are as follows: (1) Let the separation radii of the two beams be R1 and R2, respectively. (2) Substitute R1 and R2 into formula (4): Where M1 is the isotopic mass number corresponding to the separation radius R1, M2 is the isotopic mass number corresponding to the separation radius R2, and V A It is the accelerating voltage (V); (3) The width of the valley between the two beams can be determined by the formula.

9. The method for separating a beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second step involves determining the fixed position of the tungsten rod based on the separation radius R, valley width ΔR, and beam width W, as detailed below: 1) Set the tungsten rod for measuring the beam current in the valley region as N1, and set the position of the tungsten rod for measuring the beam width as N2; 2) Based on the obtained separation radius R and beam width W, the fixed positions of tungsten rods N1 and N2 are as follows: N1 = Separation radius R - Beam width W / 2 (7); N2 = Separation radius R + Beam width W / 2 (8).

10. The method for separating a beam based on an isotope electromagnetic separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fourth step, determining the fixed position of the baffle based on the beam trajectory diagram, is as follows: 1) Obtain the beam trajectory corresponding to each of the two adjacent beam receiving channels; 2) Obtain the shape of the gap between the two beam trajectories based on the beam trajectory; 3) Based on the shape of the gap, make the shape of the stop block and the position of the stop block.

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