Electric power spot market electricity charge settlement system and method fused with block chain technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric power spot market electric charge settlement system and method fused with a block chain technology, and the system comprises a core settlement layer which is used for storing the electricity price and user identity data, and executing an electric charge settlement rule through a built-in intelligent contract module; the high-frequency transaction processing layer is used for processing a transaction process through an under-chain caching technology and uploading data in the transaction process to the core settlement module; an external data interface is integrated on one side of the high-frequency transaction processing module and used for acquiring electric quantity and load data in real time, and a cross-chain gateway is arranged on the other side of the high-frequency transaction processing module and used for achieving synchronous settlement of electric charge and capital flow. According to the method, the efficiency and transparency defects of a traditional mode are overcome, the performance and energy consumption bottleneck of the block chain technology in an electric power scene is broken through, high efficiency, safety, expandability and environmental protection benefits are achieved, and a credible, real-time and compliant digital settlement infrastructure is provided for an electric power spot market.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system automation technology, and in particular to a power spot market electricity bill settlement system and method that integrates blockchain technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of power market reforms, the trading volume and frequency of the electricity spot market have significantly increased, highlighting the growing complexity of electricity bill settlement. Traditional electricity bill settlement relies on centralized institutions (such as power trading centers and banks) for data aggregation, verification, and fund transfer. This process involves multiple levels of manual review, resulting in settlement cycles that can last for days or even weeks, failing to meet the real-time demands of high-frequency spot market trading. Furthermore, the centralized model suffers from data silos; power generation companies, electricity retailers, and users cannot obtain complete transaction information in real time, and this information asymmetry can easily lead to trust crises and transaction disputes. In recent years, blockchain technology, with its decentralized, immutable, and traceable characteristics, has been seen as a potential solution to the pain points of electricity trading. However, existing blockchain applications in the power sector still face multiple challenges: first, performance bottlenecks, as the throughput of public blockchains is far lower than the high-frequency trading demands of the spot market; second, energy consumption issues, as high computing power consumption contradicts the power industry's low-carbon goals; and third, compliance contradictions, as fully decentralized public blockchains struggle to adapt to the stringent regulatory requirements of the power industry. While some research has attempted to introduce consortium blockchains into electricity trading, their architectural designs still lack deep integration with the power system. For example, they haven't addressed the reliability issues of real-time on-chain data from smart meters, or they haven't built smart contract models adapted to dynamic electricity prices. Furthermore, existing solutions often neglect privacy protection and scalability requirements, leading to data leakage risks or difficulty in supporting emerging scenarios such as distributed energy resource integration. Against this backdrop, there is an urgent need for a blockchain-based electricity billing technology that balances efficiency, security, and scalability to drive the digital transformation of the electricity spot market. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies that use blockchain for electricity trading, such as performance bottlenecks, high energy consumption, insufficient compliance, and low integration with the power system, making it difficult to meet the real-time and security requirements of high-frequency trading in the electricity spot market. This invention provides an electricity spot market electricity fee settlement system and method that integrates blockchain technology. By separating the core settlement layer from the high-frequency trading processing layer, the efficiency of electricity trading is improved, and scalability is provided.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A spot electricity market electricity billing system integrating blockchain technology includes: The core settlement layer stores electricity price and user identity data and executes electricity bill settlement rules through a built-in smart contract module. The high-frequency trading processing layer processes transactions through off-chain caching technology and uploads the data during the transaction process to the core settlement module. The high-frequency trading processing module integrates an external data interface on one side for real-time acquisition of electricity and load data, and a cross-chain gateway on the other side for synchronous settlement of electricity fees and cash flow.

[0005] As a preferred option, the electricity spot market electricity bill settlement system that integrates blockchain technology also includes a dynamic energy consumption management module, which dynamically adjusts the allocation of node computing power according to network load and prioritizes the use of renewable energy power supply when conducting high-frequency trading.

[0006] Preferably, the smart contract module includes: The contract template unit contains several built-in contract templates; The data-driven execution unit is used to complete transactions, verify smart contracts, and generate on-chain credentials; The exception handling unit terminates the transaction when it detects data anomalies.

[0007] Preferably, the external data interface is a flexible access interface, which connects to smart meters, IoT devices, and distributed energy sources.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-chain gateway is a cross-chain gateway that supports the interconnection of heterogeneous blockchains.

[0009] A method for electricity bill settlement in the electricity spot market that integrates blockchain technology, and an electricity bill settlement system for the electricity spot market based on blockchain technology, include the following steps: The power generator and the power consumer initiate a transaction request through the blockchain platform. The transaction data is uploaded to the high-frequency transaction processing layer. The transaction data includes electricity and load data. The smart contract module verifies the consistency of transaction data and calls an external oracle to obtain the grid load status, triggering the electricity bill settlement instruction; The core settlement layer generates on-chain settlement vouchers, and transmits instructions to a third-party system through the cross-chain gateway of the high-frequency trading layer to complete the fund transfer.

[0010] Preferably, the transaction data is verified for legality using zero-knowledge proofs before being uploaded to the high-frequency trading processing layer.

[0011] As a preferred option, the electricity spot market electricity bill settlement method that integrates blockchain technology also homomorphically encrypts the electricity and load data, making the electricity and load data invisible during the settlement process.

[0012] Preferably, the high-frequency transaction processing layer adopts a dynamic group consensus mechanism, which groups nodes and verifies transactions, introduces a decay factor, and dynamically reduces redundant consensus rounds based on network load.

[0013] As a preferred option, the dynamic energy management module dynamically adjusts the node computing power allocation based on the network load, and prioritizes the use of renewable energy power supply when performing high-frequency transaction processing.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This technology, through a layered blockchain architecture design, separates the core settlement layer (storing key data such as electricity prices and user identities) from the high-frequency transaction processing layer, and combines consensus algorithms to improve transaction processing capabilities, significantly enhancing system performance. The dynamic smart contract module integrates external oracles to obtain real-time grid load and electricity price data, automatically triggering settlement instructions and generating tamper-proof on-chain vouchers, greatly shortening the settlement cycle. Simultaneously, zero-knowledge proofs and homomorphic encryption technologies ensure user privacy and data security, preventing the leakage of sensitive information. Furthermore, the cross-chain gateway and standardized interface design achieve seamless integration with financial payment systems and carbon trading platforms, supporting atomic synchronous settlement of electricity fees, cash flows, and carbon data. Dynamic energy management strategies prioritize the scheduling of green energy, reducing the overall carbon footprint of the system. This invention not only solves the efficiency and transparency deficiencies of traditional models but also breaks through the performance and energy consumption bottlenecks of blockchain technology in the power sector, combining high efficiency, security, scalability, and environmental benefits, providing a reliable, real-time, and compliant digital settlement infrastructure for the electricity spot market. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0017] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application.

[0018] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0019] Example: A spot electricity market electricity billing system integrating blockchain technology includes: The core settlement layer stores electricity price and user identity data and executes electricity bill settlement rules through a built-in smart contract module. The high-frequency trading processing layer processes transactions through off-chain caching technology and uploads the data during the transaction process to the core settlement module. The high-frequency trading processing module integrates an external data interface on one side for real-time acquisition of electricity and load data, and a cross-chain gateway on the other side for synchronous settlement of electricity fees and cash flow.

[0020] In this embodiment, the core settlement layer refers to the data storage and contract execution module deployed on the blockchain main chain. Specifically, it can be implemented using a consortium blockchain node cluster. It stores electricity price information and user identity data through a distributed ledger, and the built-in smart contract module automatically executes preset settlement rules. The high-frequency transaction processing layer refers to an off-chain transaction processing unit independent of the main chain. Specifically, it can be implemented using an in-memory database and an asynchronous communication framework. It alleviates blockchain network congestion by caching transaction requests and uploading them to the main chain in batches. The external data interface refers to a communication module that supports multi-protocol access. Specifically, it can be implemented using RESTful APIs and the MQTT protocol, connecting smart meters and IoT devices to collect electricity data in real time. The cross-chain gateway refers to middleware that supports interoperability between heterogeneous blockchains. Specifically, it can be implemented using relay chains and hash locking technology to complete settlement instructions and fund transfers between different blockchain networks.

[0021] Specifically, the core settlement layer uses smart contracts to automatically verify electricity price data and user identities, replacing the traditional manual review process and reducing settlement delays. The high-frequency trading processing layer temporarily stores transaction requests in an off-chain cache pool and uses batch processing to upload verified transaction data to the main chain, avoiding network load caused by frequent on-chain uploads of single transactions. The external data interface directly connects to smart meter terminals to collect electricity and load data required for electricity trading in real time, ensuring the authenticity and reliability of transaction information. The cross-chain gateway transmits settlement instructions to the bank's private chain through protocol conversion and data encapsulation, achieving atomic operations for electricity bill settlement and fund transfer.

[0022] Compared to existing technologies, traditional solutions using a single blockchain to process all transactions suffer from performance limitations. This solution, however, separates high-frequency trading from core settlement through a layered architecture, and its off-chain caching technology increases transaction processing speed to more than three times that of traditional consortium blockchains. Existing technologies lack a unified data interface, leading to information silos. This solution addresses this by using a flexible access interface to achieve real-time data synchronization from multiple devices, eliminating data acquisition latency. Traditional cross-chain solutions only support homogeneous chain interactions; this solution's heterogeneous cross-chain gateway is compatible with different frameworks such as Hyperledger Fabric and Corda, enabling seamless integration between the power trading chain and the financial settlement chain.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment resolves the contradiction between the low efficiency of traditional centralized settlement and the insufficient performance of blockchain. The high-frequency transaction processing layer enables a transaction processing capacity of thousands per second, meeting the real-time settlement needs of the electricity spot market. The core settlement layer automatically executes rules through smart contracts, shortening the settlement cycle from several days to minutes. The cross-chain gateway synchronously completes electricity bill settlement and fund transfer, avoiding the financial risks caused by the asynchronous flow of transactions and funds in the traditional model. External data interfaces ensure that data from the generation side and the consumption side are uploaded to the blockchain in real time, improving transaction transparency and credibility.

[0024] The electricity spot market electricity bill settlement system, which integrates blockchain technology, also includes a dynamic energy consumption management module, which dynamically adjusts the allocation of node computing power according to network load and prioritizes the use of renewable energy power supply when processing high-frequency transactions.

[0025] In this embodiment, dynamically adjusting node computing power allocation refers to automatically adjusting the computing resource allocation ratio of each node based on real-time network load changes. Specifically, this can be achieved by combining load balancing algorithms with containerized deployment technology, dynamically allocating computing tasks by monitoring transaction queue length and processing latency. Prioritizing renewable energy power supply means setting priority weights for renewable energy in the energy dispatch strategy. This can be achieved by integrating a smart grid interface with an energy management system, acquiring the supply status of clean energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power in real time, and automatically switching power sources.

[0026] Specifically, during high-frequency transaction processing, the dynamic energy management module continuously collects network load indicators. When the number of transaction requests exceeds a preset threshold, it automatically switches the computing resources of redundant nodes to sleep mode and centrally allocates computing tasks to high-efficiency nodes. Regarding energy supply, the system interacts with the smart grid through a cross-chain gateway to monitor renewable energy generation in real time. When clean energy supply is sufficient, it prioritizes using renewable energy from the local microgrid to power the blockchain nodes, switching to traditional grid power only when renewable energy is insufficient.

[0027] Compared to existing technologies, traditional blockchain systems employ a fixed computing power allocation model, resulting in a large amount of idle computing resources under low load. Furthermore, their reliance on a single energy supply source fails to meet the low-carbon requirements of the power industry. Existing technologies typically rely on a global consensus mechanism, leading to continuous high energy consumption across all nodes. In contrast, this solution, through dynamic resource allocation and energy priority management, ensures transaction processing efficiency while maximizing the on-demand supply of computing resources and the utilization of clean energy.

[0028] Through the above technical solutions, this embodiment effectively reduces the redundant energy consumption of blockchain nodes in high-concurrency transaction scenarios, solves the energy waste problem caused by the rigid allocation of computing power in traditional blockchain architecture, and reduces fossil energy consumption through the renewable energy priority supply mechanism, thus meeting the technical requirements of the electricity spot market for low-carbon operation.

[0029] The smart contract module includes: The contract template unit contains several built-in contract templates; The data-driven execution unit is used to complete transactions, verify smart contracts, and generate on-chain credentials; The exception handling unit terminates the transaction when it detects data anomalies.

[0030] In this embodiment, the contract template unit refers to a functional module that stores a variety of preset contract rule frameworks. Specifically, it can be implemented using a template engine based on configurable parameters. By predefining electricity price calculation rules, settlement cycle parameters, and triggering conditions, it provides a standardized contract framework for different transaction scenarios.

[0031] Among them, the data-driven execution unit refers to the module that automatically triggers contract logic based on input data. Specifically, it can be implemented by using an event-driven architecture combined with on-chain data verification algorithms. By splitting the transaction process into three stages—data verification, rule execution, and certificate generation—atomic operation of each transaction link is ensured.

[0032] The anomaly handling unit is a module that monitors the integrity of transaction data in real time. Specifically, it can be implemented using a threshold-based circuit breaker mechanism. By comparing the deviation rate between the transaction data and the on-chain historical records, the transaction process is terminated immediately when an anomaly is detected.

[0033] Specifically, the contract template unit provides a switchable rule framework for dynamic electricity pricing scenarios through three types of pre-set templates: peak-valley electricity price contracts, real-time electricity price contracts, and long-term agreement electricity price contracts. After receiving electricity data, the data-driven execution unit first cross-validates the benchmark electricity price data stored on the blockchain, then generates the settlement amount according to the calculation rules in the contract template, and finally writes the transaction hash value to the blockchain to generate an immutable settlement certificate. During the data verification phase, the anomaly handling unit monitors the logical correlation between electricity data and grid load data in real time. When a sudden change in electricity value exceeds a preset threshold, the transaction status is immediately frozen and an alarm log is triggered.

[0034] Compared to existing technologies, traditional smart contracts in electricity trading employ a single, fixed settlement rule, which cannot adapt to complex scenarios such as time-of-use pricing and real-time bidding. Furthermore, when data anomalies occur, they only record the error without interrupting the process, leading to dirty data on the blockchain in subsequent settlement stages. This embodiment decouples the rule framework from the execution logic through a modular contract architecture, supports rapid switching between dynamic electricity pricing models, and introduces a proactive circuit breaker mechanism for the transaction process to prevent abnormal data from polluting the blockchain ledger.

[0035] Through the above technical solutions, this application achieves flexible rule configuration for smart contracts in dynamic electricity price scenarios, solving the contract reconstruction problem caused by electricity price mode switching in traditional solutions. By employing a structured transaction process and real-time monitoring mechanism, it prevents settlement process interruptions caused by data anomalies, ensuring the integrity and reliability of on-chain data in high-frequency trading environments.

[0036] The external data interface is a flexible access interface, which connects to smart meters, IoT devices, and distributed energy resources. The flexible access interface refers to a standardized access component that supports multi-protocol conversion and dynamic adaptation capabilities. Specifically, it can be implemented using protocol conversion modules and dynamic adapters to eliminate heterogeneous protocol differences between smart meters, IoT devices, and distributed energy resources. Smart meters are electricity metering devices with bidirectional communication capabilities, specifically smart meters supporting DLMS / COSEM protocols, used to collect user electricity consumption data in real time and transmit it to the blockchain system. Distributed energy resources are energy facilities with independent power generation capabilities, specifically photovoltaic power generation systems or energy storage devices, used to submit power generation data to the blockchain system through the flexible access interface.

[0037] The cross-chain gateway mentioned above is a cross-chain gateway that supports the interconnection of heterogeneous blockchains.

[0038] Heterogeneous blockchain interconnection refers to establishing data and value transfer channels between blockchain systems with different underlying architectures. This can be achieved using cross-chain protocol conversion modules and atomic swap mechanisms. By parsing the communication protocols and transaction formats of different blockchains, instruction conversion and transaction consistency between heterogeneous chains are realized. Specifically, the synchronous settlement function of the cross-chain gateway refers to the real-time matching of electricity bill settlement instructions and fund flow information across multiple blockchain networks. This can be achieved using hash time-locked contracts and relay chain verification mechanisms. Through multi-chain transaction status monitoring and smart contract trigger conditions, the settlement operation is ensured to be accurately executed on the target chain.

[0039] Specifically, when the power generator and the power consumer are on different blockchain systems, the cross-chain gateway first identifies the differences in the underlying protocols of the two chains, such as the differences in the operating environments of the Ethereum Virtual Machine and Hyperledger Chaincode. The protocol conversion module converts the electricity bill settlement instructions into a data structure recognizable by the target chain, and simultaneously verifies the legality of the transaction through a relay chain verification node. In the fund transfer process, a hash time lock contract generates cross-chain payment conditions. Once the settlement voucher on the power generator's chain is verified, the cross-chain gateway automatically triggers the fund release instruction on the power consumer's chain, achieving atomic synchronization of electricity bills and fund flows between heterogeneous chains.

[0040] A method for electricity bill settlement in the electricity spot market that integrates blockchain technology, and an electricity bill settlement system for the electricity spot market based on blockchain technology, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: The power generator and the power consumer initiate a transaction request through the blockchain platform. The transaction data is uploaded to the high-frequency transaction processing layer. The transaction data includes electricity and load data. The smart contract module verifies the consistency of transaction data and calls an external oracle to obtain the grid load status, triggering the electricity bill settlement instruction; The core settlement layer generates on-chain settlement vouchers, and transmits instructions to a third-party system through the cross-chain gateway of the high-frequency trading layer to complete the fund transfer.

[0041] After power generators and consumers complete identity authentication on the blockchain platform, they submit transaction requests containing electricity and load data to the high-frequency transaction processing layer. This processing layer preprocesses the transaction data using off-chain caching technology, such as merging multiple transactions into batch data packets before uploading them to the main blockchain for storage. The smart contract module performs dual verification on the transaction data: first, it checks the logical correlation between electricity and load data, such as whether load fluctuations match electricity demand; second, it calls an external oracle to obtain real-time grid operating parameters, such as line capacity or node voltage data, to ensure that the transaction complies with grid physical constraints. After successful verification, the core settlement layer generates an on-chain certificate containing the transaction hash value and timestamp. The cross-chain gateway converts this certificate into an instruction format recognizable by the third-party payment system, triggering fund transfer operations between bank accounts. The on-chain certificate and fund flow operations are synchronized through an atomic swap mechanism; if either party fails, the entire transaction process is automatically rolled back.

[0042] Compared to existing technologies, traditional electricity bill settlement relies on manual review and centralized system integration, resulting in settlement delays and data silos. Existing blockchain solutions often employ a single-chain structure for transaction processing, which is limited by the performance of consensus mechanisms, making it difficult to support high-frequency trading scenarios. This solution separates transaction processing and settlement verification through off-chain caching and cross-chain collaboration mechanisms, improving system throughput while ensuring data immutability. Compared to traditional centralized systems, the blockchain platform achieves full traceability of transaction data; compared to a single-chain architecture, the combined design of a high-frequency transaction processing layer and a cross-chain gateway solves performance bottlenecks and the interoperability challenges of heterogeneous systems.

[0043] Through the above technical solutions, this embodiment achieves end-to-end automated processing of electricity spot market transaction settlement, shortening the settlement cycle from several days in the traditional model to minutes. The atomic operation of on-chain credentials and off-chain fund flows eliminates the time lag between accounting and funds, avoiding settlement disputes caused by system asynchrony. The introduction of external oracles ensures dynamic matching of transaction data with the actual operating status of the power grid, preventing settlement errors caused by local data distortion. The standardized interface design of the cross-chain gateway is compatible with existing financial infrastructure, meeting the compliance and regulatory requirements of the power industry for payment systems.

[0044] Before the transaction data is uploaded to the high-frequency trading processing layer, the legality of the transaction is verified by zero-knowledge proof.

[0045] In this embodiment, zero-knowledge proof refers to a cryptographic method that allows the verifier to confirm the validity of a transaction without needing to obtain the specific content of the transaction. Specifically, it can be implemented using zk-SNARKs or Bulletproofs algorithms, generating a concise mathematical proof file to verify that the transaction meets preset rules. The high-frequency transaction processing layer refers to a module that processes high-frequency transactions using off-chain caching technology. Specifically, it can be implemented using an in-memory database and an asynchronous communication protocol, used to temporarily store transaction data and upload it in batches to the core settlement layer.

[0046] Specifically, when a power generator and a power consumer initiate a transaction request, they must generate a zero-knowledge proof containing the transaction amount and load data. This proof uses a mathematical verification process to confirm that the transaction parameters comply with market rules, such as the electricity amount being within the contractually allowed range and the load data not exceeding the grid's carrying capacity threshold. After successful verification, only the encrypted transaction data and the proof document are uploaded to the high-frequency trading processing layer; the original transaction data remains locally. The high-frequency trading processing layer verifies the integrity of the zero-knowledge proof, filters out legitimate transactions for subsequent processing, and discards illegitimate transactions.

[0047] Compared to existing technologies, traditional centralized verification requires transmitting complete transaction data in plaintext to a third-party institution for verification, posing a risk of sensitive information leakage and incurring significant processing delays. Existing blockchain solutions employ a full-node consensus mechanism to verify transactions, requiring the disclosure of transaction details and consuming substantial computing resources. This solution uses zero-knowledge proofs to decouple transaction legitimacy verification from data processing, preventing the exposure of raw data during the verification phase and reducing redundant checks on invalid data by the high-frequency transaction processing layer.

[0048] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment can complete the legality verification for privacy protection before transaction data is uploaded to the system, effectively preventing the leakage of sensitive information such as electricity volume and load during transmission and processing. Illegal transactions are filtered before entering the high-frequency trading processing layer, reducing the system's processing load on abnormal data and improving settlement efficiency. The lightweight verification mechanism of zero-knowledge proof and the off-chain caching technology of the high-frequency trading processing layer work together to meet the dual needs of the electricity spot market for real-time processing of high-frequency transactions and data confidentiality.

[0049] The electricity spot market electricity bill settlement method that integrates blockchain technology also homomorphically encrypts the electricity and load data, making the electricity and load data invisible during the settlement process.

[0050] Homomorphic encryption is a cryptographic method that allows direct computation on encrypted data. Specifically, it can be implemented using the Paillier algorithm or fully homomorphic encryption algorithm, enabling smart contracts to perform addition and subtraction operations on ciphertext electricity data and complete the electricity bill calculation without decryption.

[0051] In this embodiment, "invisible during settlement" means that the data remains encrypted throughout the entire process from uploading to the high-frequency trading processing layer to generating settlement vouchers. This can be achieved through key fragmentation management and ciphertext transmission protocols, ensuring that trading participants can only obtain the calculation results and cannot access the original plaintext data.

[0052] Specifically, when the electricity data collected by smart meters is transmitted through the elastic access interface, the data is first converted into homomorphic encrypted ciphertext. After receiving the encrypted data, the high-frequency trading processing layer directly executes the electricity cost calculation rules on the ciphertext, such as multiplying the encrypted electricity value by the dynamic electricity price ciphertext. When the core settlement layer generates on-chain settlement vouchers, it only outputs the calculation results in the encrypted state. After the fund transfer instruction is transmitted to the third-party payment system through the cross-chain gateway, the authorized node uses its private key to decrypt the final settlement amount. Thus, sensitive information such as the actual electricity consumption and load curves of the power generator and the power consumer are not exposed in plaintext during the transmission, verification, and settlement stages.

[0053] Compared to existing technologies, traditional power trading systems employ transport layer encryption, requiring data to be decrypted upon arrival at the trading platform before processing, posing a risk of data leakage in the intermediate stages. This solution, however, achieves a balance between data availability and privacy through homomorphic encryption. It avoids the decryption requirement of traditional encryption technologies and resolves trust issues when sharing data between consortium blockchain nodes. Existing blockchain electricity billing solutions largely rely on data anonymization or access control, failing to support the real-time encrypted computation requirements of high-frequency trading scenarios.

[0054] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves full lifecycle data protection in high-frequency trading scenarios in the electricity spot market, preventing unauthorized parties from accessing electricity data during transmission, storage, and computation, while ensuring that blockchain nodes can properly verify the validity of transactions. This solution eliminates the risk of commercial information leakage due to plaintext data exposure while meeting the requirement of second-level settlement timeliness, thus complying with the power industry's requirements for user privacy and trade secrets.

[0055] The high-frequency transaction processing layer adopts a dynamic group consensus mechanism, which groups nodes and verifies transactions, introduces a decay factor, and dynamically reduces redundant consensus rounds based on network load.

[0056] Among them, the dynamic group consensus mechanism refers to dividing the verification nodes in the blockchain network into several independently operating groups. Each group is responsible for processing different batches of transactions in parallel. Specifically, it can be implemented by clustering algorithms based on node geographical location or computing power level. Group verification reduces the communication overhead of broadcasting across the entire network.

[0057] The decay factor refers to the control parameter used to dynamically adjust the consensus rounds. Specifically, it can be implemented using a mathematical model based on network latency, transaction queue length, or node resource utilization, and the current optimal consensus strength can be automatically calculated based on real-time load indicators.

[0058] Specifically, in high-frequency trading scenarios, the system divides nodes into multiple verification groups according to preset rules, with each group independently executing transaction verification and block generation. When network load reaches a threshold, a decay factor triggers a consensus round reduction mechanism, for example, compressing a process that originally required three rounds of confirmation into two rounds, while maintaining a minimum number of secure nodes within each group. After the load decreases, the decay factor automatically returns to its baseline value, ensuring data reliability in the consensus process. This mechanism achieves an adaptive balance between transaction processing efficiency and system stability by dynamically adjusting the verification strength.

[0059] Compared to existing technologies, traditional blockchain consensus mechanisms require all nodes to participate in the global verification of each transaction, resulting in communication latency increasing linearly with the number of nodes. In contrast, the dynamic grouping mechanism, through local verification and parallel processing, limits communication overhead to the group scope. Simultaneously, the attenuation factor dynamically optimizes resource allocation based on load, avoiding the waste of computing power caused by fixed-round consensus under high load.

[0060] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment effectively reduces consensus latency and computing resource consumption in high-frequency power trading scenarios, and adapts to the dual requirements of real-time settlement and low-carbon operation in the power spot market while ensuring the immutability of transactions.

[0061] The dynamic energy management module dynamically adjusts the node computing power allocation based on network load, and prioritizes the use of renewable energy power supply when performing high-frequency transaction processing.

[0062] Dynamically adjusting node computing power allocation refers to automatically adjusting the proportion of computing resources allocated to blockchain nodes based on real-time network load changes. This can be achieved by combining load balancing algorithms with resource scheduling strategies, dynamically enabling or suspending some computing nodes by monitoring transaction queue length and processing latency data. Prioritizing renewable energy power supply involves establishing an energy type identification mechanism in the electricity consumption process. This can be achieved using an energy supply priority strategy and a real-time clean energy monitoring system. When the high-frequency transaction processing module starts, it automatically accesses real-time power supply data from photovoltaic power plants or wind farms and prioritizes the allocation of clean energy quotas.

[0063] Specifically, when network load is at its peak, the number of active nodes is increased through an elastic scaling mechanism to maintain transaction processing speed, while non-core business nodes are shut down according to preset energy consumption thresholds. When the load drops to a baseline level, node hibernation mode is automatically triggered to reduce idle power consumption. During high-frequency transaction processing, the energy dispatch unit obtains real-time data on the proportion of renewable energy in the regional power grid. When the clean energy supply reaches a preset threshold, a forced switch to the renewable energy power supply link is initiated. If the clean energy supply is insufficient, energy storage devices are activated to supplement the power supply gap.

[0064] Compared to existing technologies, traditional blockchain nodes typically employ a fixed computing power allocation model, resulting in significant energy waste during low-load periods. Furthermore, the lack of an energy type selection mechanism forces high-computing-power operations to rely on traditional thermal power. This solution, through dynamic resource allocation and energy supply path optimization, achieves dual control over total energy consumption and carbon emission intensity while ensuring transaction processing efficiency.

[0065] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment effectively solves the contradiction between the volatility of computing power demand and the stability of energy consumption in the blockchain electricity bill settlement system. While maintaining high-frequency transaction processing capabilities, it significantly reduces unnecessary energy consumption during system operation through intelligent flexible allocation of computing power and priority call mechanism for clean energy, while ensuring that carbon emissions during high-load periods are within a controllable range.

[0066] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein.

[0067] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electricity spot market electricity fee settlement system integrating blockchain technology, characterized by: include: The core settlement layer stores electricity price and user identity data and executes electricity bill settlement rules through a built-in smart contract module. The high-frequency trading processing layer processes transactions through off-chain caching technology and uploads the data during the transaction process to the core settlement module. The high-frequency trading processing module integrates an external data interface on one side for real-time acquisition of electricity and load data, and a cross-chain gateway on the other side for synchronous settlement of electricity fees and cash flow.

2. The electricity spot market electricity fee settlement system integrating blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a dynamic energy management module, which dynamically adjusts the allocation of node computing power based on network load and prioritizes the use of renewable energy for power supply when performing high-frequency transaction processing.

3. The electricity spot market electricity fee settlement system integrating blockchain technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The smart contract module includes: The contract template unit contains several built-in contract templates. The data-driven execution unit is used to complete transactions, verify smart contracts, and generate on-chain credentials; The exception handling unit terminates the transaction when it detects data anomalies.

4. The electricity spot market electricity fee settlement system integrating blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external data interface is a flexible access interface, which connects to smart meters, IoT devices, and distributed energy sources.

5. The electricity spot market electricity fee settlement system integrating blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-chain gateway mentioned above is a cross-chain gateway that supports the interconnection of heterogeneous blockchains.

6. A method for electricity spot market settlement integrating blockchain technology, based on the electricity spot market settlement system integrating blockchain technology as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The power generator and the power consumer initiate a transaction request through the blockchain platform. The transaction data is uploaded to the high-frequency transaction processing layer. The transaction data includes electricity and load data. The smart contract module verifies the consistency of transaction data and calls an external oracle to obtain the grid load status, triggering the electricity bill settlement instruction; The core settlement layer generates on-chain settlement vouchers, and transmits instructions to a third-party system through the cross-chain gateway of the high-frequency trading layer to complete the fund transfer.

7. The electricity spot market electricity fee settlement method integrating blockchain technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before the transaction data is uploaded to the high-frequency trading processing layer, the legality of the transaction is verified by zero-knowledge proof.

8. The electricity spot market electricity fee settlement method integrating blockchain technology according to claim 7, characterized in that, Furthermore, the electricity and load data are homomorphically encrypted, making them invisible during the settlement process.

9. The electricity spot market electricity fee settlement method integrating blockchain technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The high-frequency transaction processing layer adopts a dynamic group consensus mechanism, which groups nodes and verifies transactions, introduces a decay factor, and dynamically reduces redundant consensus rounds based on network load.

10. The electricity spot market electricity fee settlement method integrating blockchain technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dynamic energy management module dynamically adjusts the node computing power allocation based on network load, and prioritizes the use of renewable energy power supply when performing high-frequency transaction processing.

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