A columnar NFC assembly and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses a columnar NFC assembly and an electronic device, which comprises a transmitting component and a receiving component. The transmitting component comprises a first column and a first antenna. The first antenna comprises a first flexible substrate and a transmitting winding. The first flexible substrate is arranged around a first surface of the first column. The receiving component comprises a second column and a second antenna. The second antenna comprises a second flexible substrate and a receiving winding. The second flexible substrate is arranged around a second surface of the second column. The wires of the receiving winding are respectively routed on two opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate to form induced current according to the magnetic field change generated by the transmitting winding. The second column and the first column are arranged in a nested manner. The second surface is arranged opposite to the first surface to enable the receiving winding and the transmitting winding to communicate. The application realizes the adaptation of the curved surface structure under the NFC columnar nested structure, avoids the magnetic field cancellation, and realizes stable signal transmission without affecting the original instrument structure, and is especially suitable for the precise nested scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to a columnar NFC component and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as medical treatment, laboratory testing, and precision instruments, there is a large demand for cylindrical consumables (e.g., cylindrical, slender cylindrical, polygonal prism shapes), such as pre-filled pen syringes, disposable sampling tubes, specialized reagent bottles, and replaceable probes for medical devices. These consumables often require specific equipment for use, making their authenticity verification, traceability management, and security encryption crucial for ensuring normal equipment operation, preventing the misuse of substandard consumables, and guaranteeing medical or laboratory safety. Traditional identification and encryption methods primarily employ contact-based identification and mechanical coding identification. Both methods suffer from mechanical wear, complex structural designs, and low flexibility.

[0003] Traditional contactless identification, such as that using Near Field Communication (NFC) technology, achieves identification through wireless communication between the tag and the reader. Conventional NFC tags are mostly placed on flat surfaces. When applied to thin cylindrical surfaces, the limited space at both ends of the cylinder, or the need for other connecting components, prevents the NFC antenna from being accommodated, necessitating the antenna to be positioned around the side of the cylinder. However, directly surrounding the cylinder with a conventional antenna, according to the law of electromagnetic induction, results in significant magnetic field cancellation, leading to poor signal stability or even communication failure. Furthermore, identification is prone to interruption when there is relative rotation or positional shift between the consumable and the device.

[0004] Therefore, given the characteristics of cylindrical consumables, there is an urgent need for an encrypted identification scheme that is compatible with curved surface structures and has stable communication, in order to solve the problems of antenna layout being difficult to adapt to curved surface structures and signal instability in existing technologies, and to meet the stringent requirements of medical and other fields for consumable encryption, anti-counterfeiting and traceability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, embodiments of the present invention provide a columnar NFC component and electronic device that can adapt to curved surface structures within a columnar nested structure, avoid magnetic field cancellation, ensure stable signal transmission, and not affect the original device structure.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a columnar NFC component is provided, including a transmitting component and a receiving component. The transmitting component includes a first column and a first antenna. The first antenna includes a first flexible substrate and a transmitting winding. The first flexible substrate is disposed around a first surface of the first column. The transmitting winding is formed by spirally winding a wire around the surface of the first flexible substrate with a point as the center. The arc length between the two furthest positions of the transmitting winding along the circumference of the first column is less than the circumference of the end face of the first column.

[0007] The receiving component includes a second column and a second antenna. The second antenna includes a second flexible substrate and a receiving winding. The second flexible substrate is disposed around the second surface of the second column. The wires of the receiving winding are respectively routed on two opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate to generate an induced current according to the magnetic field change generated by the transmitting winding. The arc length of the receiving winding between the two farthest positions along the circumference of the second column is greater than half the circumference of the end face of the second column.

[0008] The second column is nested within the first column, and the second surface is positioned opposite to the first surface, so that the receiving winding and the transmitting winding can communicate.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the receiving winding includes a first winding and a second winding, the first winding and the second winding being located on opposite sides of the second flexible substrate respectively; the first winding and the second winding are formed by the same wire wound around the opposite two surfaces of the second flexible substrate, and both the first winding and the second winding include multiple turns of coils wrapped around the inner and outer sides.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, one surface of the second flexible substrate is designated as the front side and the other surface is designated as the back side; the first winding is formed by a wire spirally wound around a point on the front side, and the wire penetrates from the front side to the back side and spirally wound around a point on the back side to form the second winding, wherein the winding directions of the first winding and the second winding are opposite.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the receiving winding includes a first winding and a second winding, the first winding and the second winding being located on the same side surface of the second flexible substrate respectively; the first winding and the second winding are alternately wound on the same side surface of the second flexible substrate by the same wire, and both the first winding and the second winding include multiple turns of coils with inner and outer loops.

[0012] In one alternative embodiment, both the first winding and the second winding are formed by multiple turns of coil wrapped around the inside and outside to form a rectangle, a circle, or a polygon;

[0013] Alternatively, the first winding and the second winding together form an "8" shape.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the second antenna further includes a through-hole disposed on the second flexible substrate, and the first winding is connected to the second winding through the through-hole.

[0015] In one alternative, the first winding and the second winding have the same number of turns, and the first winding and the second winding have the same enclosed area on opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate.

[0016] In one alternative approach, the first surface is an inner surface and the second surface is an outer surface; or the first surface is an outer surface and the second surface is an inner surface.

[0017] In one alternative embodiment, the transmitting component further includes a power supply and a transmitting circuit, and the receiving component further includes a receiving circuit. The transmitting circuit is connected to the power supply and the first antenna, and the receiving circuit is connected to the second antenna. The power supply is used to power the transmitting circuit, and the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit communicate through the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device including the columnar NFC component described in any of the above alternative embodiments.

[0019] This application provides a columnar NFC component. A transmitting winding is spirally wound around a first flexible substrate with an arc length smaller than the circumference of the first column's end face, and the first flexible substrate surrounds the first column. A receiving winding is alternately wound forward and backward on a second flexible substrate with a circumference greater than half the circumference of the second column's end face, and surrounds the second column. The two columns are nested so that the transmitting and receiving surfaces face each other. This achieves an NFC columnar nested structure that adapts to curved surfaces, avoids magnetic field cancellation, ensures stable signal transmission, and does not affect the original device structure, making it particularly suitable for precision nesting scenarios. It solves the problems of antenna layout difficulty adapting to curved surfaces and signal instability due to magnetic field cancellation in existing technologies, meeting the stringent requirements of medical and other fields for consumable encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and traceability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a columnar NFC component in a separated state provided in this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a columnar NFC component provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a circuit structure layout plan view of a receiving winding provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a circuit structure layout plan view of another receiving winding provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a circuit structure layout plan view of another receiving winding provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a columnar NFC component in its combined state, as provided in this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 10 - Launching components;

[0029] 110 - First pillar; 120 - First antenna; 121 - First flexible substrate; 122 - Transmitting winding; 130 - First surface; 140 - Transmitting circuit;

[0030] 20 - Receiving component;

[0031] 210 - Second pillar; 220 - Second antenna; 221 - Second flexible substrate; 222 - Receiving winding; 223 - Through hole;

[0032] 2221 - First winding; 22211 - First turn coil; 22212 - Second turn coil; 22213 - Third turn coil; 22214 - Fourth turn coil; 22215 - Ninth turn coil; 22216 - Tenth turn coil;

[0033] 2222 - Second winding; 22221 - Fifth turn; 22222 - Sixth turn; 22223 - Seventh turn; 22224 - Eighth turn; 22225 - Eleventh turn; 22226 - Twelfth turn;

[0034] 230 - Second surface; 240 - Receiver circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings are used to distinguish different objects and not to describe a particular order.

[0036] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0038] NFC (Near Field Communication) is a short-range wireless communication technology based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Specifically, when two NFC devices (such as a tag and a reader) are close together (usually ≤10cm), the transmitter (reader) generates an alternating magnetic field through its antenna. The receiver (tag) generates an induced current due to electromagnetic induction, which powers itself and receives the data signal loaded in the magnetic field. At the same time, it modulates the magnetic field by changing its own load and sends data back to the transmitter, thus completing two-way information exchange.

[0039] In fields such as medical treatment, laboratory testing, and precision instruments, there is a large number of cylindrical (e.g., cylindrical, slender cylindrical, polygonal prism) consumables, such as pre-filled pen syringes, disposable sampling tubes, special reagent bottles, and replaceable probes for medical devices. These consumables often need to be used with specific equipment, and their authenticity verification, traceability management, and security encryption are crucial to ensuring the normal operation of equipment, preventing the misuse of substandard consumables, and ensuring medical or laboratory safety.

[0040] Currently, the identification and encryption of columnar consumables mainly adopt the following methods:

[0041] Contact-based identification: This method uses metal contacts on consumables and devices to establish electrical connections and transmit encrypted information. However, this method is prone to identification failure due to contact wear, contamination, or poor contact. Furthermore, in scenarios with high cleanliness requirements, such as medical settings, the cost of cleaning and maintaining the contacts is high, and there is a risk of cross-contamination.

[0042] Mechanical coding recognition: This method matches consumables with equipment through specific mechanical structures or coding patterns. However, this method is inflexible, difficult to cope with complex encryption requirements, and the mechanical structure requires high processing precision, making it prone to recognition failure due to wear.

[0043] Traditional contactless identification, such as using Near Field Communication (NFC) technology, achieves identification through wireless communication between the tag and the reader. Conventional NFC tags are mostly placed on flat surfaces. When applied to thin cylindrical surfaces, the limited space at both ends of the cylinder or the need for other connecting components prevents the NFC antenna from being accommodated, necessitating the antenna to be positioned around the side of the cylinder. However, directly surrounding the cylinder with a conventional antenna, according to the law of electromagnetic induction, results in significant magnetic field cancellation, leading to poor signal stability or even communication failure. Furthermore, identification is prone to interruption when there is relative rotation or positional shift between the consumable and the device.

[0044] Therefore, given the characteristics of cylindrical consumables, there is an urgent need for an encrypted identification scheme that is compatible with curved surface structures and has stable communication, in order to solve the problems of antenna layout being difficult to adapt to curved surface structures and signal instability in existing technologies, and to meet the stringent requirements of medical and other fields for consumable encryption, anti-counterfeiting and traceability.

[0045] To solve the above problems, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a columnar NFC component in a separated state, as provided in this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a columnar NFC component in its combined state, as provided in this application. This embodiment of the invention provides a columnar NFC component, including a transmitting component 10 and a receiving component 20. The transmitting component 10 includes a first column 110 and a first antenna 120. The first antenna 120 includes a first flexible substrate 121 and a transmitting winding 122. The first flexible substrate 121 is disposed around a first surface 130 of the first column 110. The transmitting winding 122 is formed by spirally winding a wire around the surface of the first flexible substrate 121 with a point as the center. The arc length between the two furthest points of the transmitting winding 122 along the circumference of the first column 110 is less than the circumference of the end face of the first column 110.

[0046] The receiving component 20 includes a second column 210 and a second antenna 220. The second antenna 220 includes a second flexible substrate 221 and a receiving winding 222. The second flexible substrate 221 is disposed around the second surface 230 of the second column 210. The wires of the receiving winding 222 are respectively routed on two opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate 221 to generate an induced current according to the magnetic field change generated by the transmitting winding 122. The arc length between the two farthest positions of the receiving winding 222 along the circumference of the second column 210 is greater than half the circumference of the end face of the second column 210.

[0047] The second column 210 is nested with the first column 110, and the second surface 230 is opposite to the first surface 130, so that the receiving winding 222 and the transmitting winding 122 can communicate.

[0048] It should be noted that the above-mentioned columnar NFC component can be cylindrical, cylindrical, or a multi-faceted prism or other columnar shape, and this application embodiment does not limit it.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the transmitting component 10 can be a hollow cylinder with a nested opening at one end, and the receiving component 20 can be a cylinder with one end matching the hollow cylinder of the transmitting component 10. The receiving component 20 and the transmitting component 10 are movably connected.

[0050] In some other embodiments, the receiving member 20 may also be a hollow cylinder with a nested opening at one end, and the transmitting member 10 may also be a cylinder with one end that matches the hollow cylinder of the receiving member 20. The embodiments of this application are not limited here.

[0051] With the above settings, it is possible to easily replace the receiving component 20 or the transmitting component 10, which can be flexibly applied to various scenarios that require component replacement.

[0052] In other embodiments, the receiving component 20 and the transmitting component 10 may also be fixedly connected by means of plug-in components or snap-fit ​​components, which is not limited here.

[0053] In some implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first column 110 is a hollow cylinder with a nested opening at one end. The first antenna 120 is arranged around the inner surface of the hollow cylinder of the first column 110. The first flexible substrate 121 can be arranged around the hollow cylinder in a full circle, or it can be arranged only in half a circle or other lengths. This application does not limit this.

[0054] In some embodiments, the second column 210 is a cylinder with one end matching the hollow cylinder of the first column 110. The second antenna 220 is arranged around the outer surface of the second column 210. The second flexible substrate 221 can be arranged around the hollow cylinder, or it can be of other lengths that can accommodate the receiving winding 222. This application does not limit it here.

[0055] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a columnar NFC component provided in this application. A first flexible substrate 121 surrounds a hollow cylinder halfway around, and a transmitting winding 122 is spirally wound on one side of the first flexible substrate 121.

[0056] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a circuit structure layout plan view of a receiving winding 222 provided in this application. The second flexible substrate 221 surrounds the cylinder once, and the receiving winding 222 is spirally wound on two opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate 221. The winding directions of the two opposite surfaces are opposite, one can be clockwise and the other can be counterclockwise. The overlapping part of the two windings is minimized to increase the effective magnetic field coupling area.

[0057] It should be noted that in electromagnetic induction, the induced electromotive force (EMF) generated at the receiving end (such as the receiving winding 222) is directly related to the effective coupling area. The magnitude of the induced EMF is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux, and the magnetic flux is equal to the product of the magnetic induction intensity and the effective area of ​​the winding (the projected area perpendicular to the magnetic field direction). In the NFC scenario, when the transmitting end generates an alternating magnetic field, the larger the effective area of ​​the receiving winding 222, the higher the rate of change of magnetic flux passing through the winding, the stronger the induced EMF, and the higher the energy and signal transmission efficiency.

[0058] Therefore, for an NFC component with a columnar nested structure, when the arc length of the transmitting winding 122 is less than half the circumference of the end face of the first column 110, the magnetic fields generated by the transmitting winding 122 will not cancel each other out; when it is equal to half the circumference of the end face of the first column 110, the magnetic field strength generated by the transmitting winding 122 is the highest; when it is greater than half the circumference of the end face of the first column 110, the magnetic fields generated by the transmitting winding 122 will cancel each other out; when it is equal to the circumference of the end face of the first column 110, the magnetic fields generated by the transmitting winding 122 will completely cancel each other out.

[0059] In the columnar nested structure, the alternating magnetic field generated by the transmitting winding 122 is distributed along the curved surface of the column, and the direction of the magnetic field will vary with the position by a certain curvature. If the receiving winding 222 is only wound in one direction, the direction of cutting the magnetic field lines in different parts may differ due to the curvature of the surface, resulting in the magnetic field induced in some areas being in opposite directions, thus canceling each other out and weakening the overall induction effect.

[0060] In this embodiment, the arc length between the two furthest positions of the transmitting winding 122 along the circumference of the first column can be designed to be equal to half the circumference of the end face of the first column 110. The receiving winding 222 can be wound in opposite directions on both sides. When the magnetic field generated by the transmitting winding 122 passes through the flexible substrate, the front winding (e.g., clockwise winding) and the back winding (e.g., counterclockwise winding) on ​​the column will induce currents in opposite directions, but because the winding directions are opposite, the induced magnetic fields generated by the two windings are in the same direction (right-hand screw rule). This design allows the magnetic fields induced by the two windings at different positions on the curved surface to superimpose rather than cancel each other out, thereby adapting to the magnetic field distribution characteristics of the columnar structure and enhancing the overall coupling efficiency and signal stability.

[0061] In this embodiment, the receiving winding 222 is designed with its front and back sides staggered to reduce overlap. The core purpose is to avoid mutual interference from local magnetic field induction and to maximize the use of cylindrical space to improve coupling efficiency. In the cylindrical nested structure, the magnetic field generated by the transmitting winding 122 is distributed in an arc shape along the cylindrical surface, and the direction of the magnetic field varies slightly at different locations. If the two windings overlap too much, the magnetic field in the overlapping area will pass through both the front and back windings simultaneously. Because the winding directions are opposite, the current induced in the overlapping part, although in opposite directions, will form a "cancelling interference" locally (similar to how changes in magnetic flux in the same area are repeatedly induced by both windings, resulting in energy loss).

[0062] The staggered design allows the two windings to cover different areas of the cylinder, each capturing the corresponding magnetic field component. This avoids interference from overlapping areas and, through "distributed coverage," adapts to the arc-shaped distribution of the cylinder's magnetic field, increasing the overall effective coupling area and thus improving the stability and efficiency of signal transmission.

[0063] This application provides a columnar NFC component. A transmitting winding 122 is spirally wound around a first flexible substrate 121 with an arc length smaller than the circumference of the end face of a first column 110, and the first flexible substrate 121 surrounds the first column 110. A receiving winding 222 is alternately wound forward and reverse on the second flexible substrate 221 with a length greater than half the circumference of the end face of a second column 210, and surrounds the second column 210. The two columns are nested so that the transmitting and receiving surfaces are opposite, achieving a columnar nested structure that adapts to curved surfaces, avoiding magnetic field cancellation, ensuring stable signal transmission without affecting the original device structure, and is particularly suitable for precision nesting scenarios. This solves the problems of antenna layout difficulty adapting to curved surfaces and signal instability due to magnetic field cancellation in the prior art, meeting the stringent requirements of medical and other fields for consumable encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and traceability.

[0064] It should be noted that the first surface 130 of the first column 110 can be either the outer surface or the inner surface of the first column 110, and the second surface 230 of the second column 210 can be either the outer surface or the inner surface of the second column 210.

[0065] It should be noted that the first flexible substrate 121 and the second flexible substrate 221 can be made of materials such as polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and ultra-thin glass fiber cloth. The transmitting winding 122 and the receiving winding 222 can be made of flexible conductive materials such as copper foil, silver paste, aluminum foil, or graphene ink, and are manufactured using circuit board technology.

[0066] In some embodiments, the receiving winding 222 includes a first winding 2221 and a second winding 2222, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 being located on opposite sides of the second flexible substrate 221 respectively; the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 are formed by the same wire wound on opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate 221, and both the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 include multiple turns of coils with inner and outer loops.

[0067] Specifically, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 are formed by spirally winding the same wire on two opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate 221, and the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 are spirally wound in opposite directions.

[0068] It should be noted that in slender cylindrical products, due to the limited radial dimensions, the induced magnetic flux required for NFC communication is difficult to meet with conventional local windings. Often, the receiving winding 222 needs to be wound around the entire circumference of the cylinder to expand the effective coupling area. In this embodiment, the receiving winding 222 is wound in both directions on the two sides of the second flexible substrate 221 with an arc length greater than half the circumference of the cylinder, and partially overlaps. This not only adapts to the magnetic flux requirement of full-circumference winding through a sufficient winding range, but also offsets the induction cancellation problem caused by the difference in magnetic field direction on the curved surface of the slender cylinder through the design of forward and reverse winding. At the same time, in conjunction with the nested layout with the transmitting component 10, stable magnetic field coupling is achieved in a limited space, perfectly meeting the dual requirements of magnetic flux and communication reliability in the slender cylindrical scenario.

[0069] This embodiment employs a first winding 2221 and a second winding 2222 formed by alternating windings of a single conductor. Because they are wound in opposite directions and are continuous as a single unit, the electromotive forces induced by the two windings can be superimposed in the alternating magnetic field of the slender cylindrical surface, thereby improving magnetic flux utilization and meeting the magnetic flux requirements of the slender cylindrical scenario. Since the same conductor is used for alternating winding, the number of turns in the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 can be equal or unequal. However, if different conductors are used to wind the two windings and then connected in parallel, when the number of turns in the two windings is unequal, the induced electromotive forces generated by the two windings will be unequal, causing circulating currents within the two windings. This will lead to rapid heating of the windings, posing a risk of communication failure or even burnout.

[0070] It should be noted that due to the limitations of the winding wiring structure, there is a small amount of unavoidable overlap. The design minimizes this overlap to achieve distributed coverage of the receiving winding 222. This integrated design avoids connection problems and, combined with distributed coverage, adapts to the radial space limitations of the column while reducing interference and ensuring uniform coupling. This effectively enhances structural stability and communication reliability during nested insertion and removal, making it suitable for precision scenarios such as medical fine-diameter probes.

[0071] It should be noted that the antenna winding line width can be 0.1mm - 2mm, and the line spacing can also be 0.1mm - 2mm. Depending on the actual scenario, the line width and line spacing can also be any other values. This application does not make any specific limitations here.

[0072] In some embodiments, one surface of the second flexible substrate 221 is referred to as the front side and the other surface is referred to as the back side; the first winding 2221 is formed by a wire spirally wound around a point on the front side, and the wire penetrates from the front side to the back side and spirally wound around a point on the back side to form the second winding 2222, and the winding directions of the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 are opposite.

[0073] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the receiving winding 222 is continuously processed using a single wire. The wire begins on the front side of the second flexible substrate 221 and is spirally wound clockwise to form the first winding 2221 (e.g., 4 turns, wire width 0.5 mm, spacing 0.5 mm). When it reaches the interior of the first winding, the wire penetrates the substrate to the reverse side and is spirally wound counterclockwise to form the second winding 2222 (e.g., also 4 turns, wire width and spacing consistent with the first winding 2221), minimizing overlap between the second winding 2222 and the first winding 2221 on the substrate. Finally, the wire returns to the front side of the substrate to complete the winding, forming a continuous closed winding structure.

[0074] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first winding 2221 includes a first coil 22211, a second coil 22212, a third coil 22213, and a fourth coil 22214 from the outside to the inside. The second winding 2222 includes a fifth coil 22221, a sixth coil 22222, a seventh coil 22223, and an eighth coil 22224 from the outside to the inside. Specifically, the winding method is as follows: starting from the first coil 22211 of the first winding 2221, the winding proceeds clockwise. When the winding reaches the end of the fourth coil 22214 of the first winding 2221, it passes through the second flexible substrate 221 to transition to the back side for winding the second winding 2222. Starting from the fifth coil 22221 of the second winding 2222, the winding proceeds counterclockwise. When the winding reaches the end of the eighth coil 22224 of the second winding 2222, it again passes through the second flexible substrate 221 to transition to the front side to end the winding.

[0075] This implementation utilizes a printing process with a fixed line width (0.5mm) and line spacing (0.5mm) to achieve a regular and highly consistent winding structure: the alternating winding direction of "clockwise on the front and counterclockwise on the back," combined with a 90% misalignment design, retains only a small amount of unavoidable overlap in certain areas, significantly reducing magnetic field interference between windings. The uniform line width and line spacing ensure stable current distribution, and the turn arrangement from the outside in maximizes the coupling area within the limited space of the thin cylindrical body, allowing the induced electromotive forces of the positive and negative windings to superimpose, enhancing the overall magnetic flux. Simultaneously, the printing process is suitable for mass production; the excellent conductivity of copper (or aluminum) wire combined with the flexibility of the PET substrate ensures communication stability in nested scenarios while reducing the manufacturing cost of precision components.

[0076] In some implementations, it can also be as follows: Figure 4 The winding method shown is as follows: Figure 4This is another circuit structure layout plan view of the receiving winding provided by the present application. The first winding 2221 includes a first turn coil 22211 and a second turn coil 22212 from the outside to the inside. The second winding 2222 includes a fifth turn coil 22221 and a sixth turn coil 22222 from the outside to the inside. The end of the first turn coil 22211 is connected to the start of the fifth turn coil 22221. The end of the fifth turn coil 22221 is connected to the start of the second turn coil 22212. The end of the second turn coil 22212 is connected to the start of the sixth turn coil 22222.

[0077] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, the first winding 2221 further includes a third turn coil 22213 and a fourth turn coil 22214 from the outside to the inside. The second winding 2222 further includes a seventh turn coil 22223 and an eighth turn coil 22224 from the outside to the inside. The end of the sixth turn coil 22222 is connected to the start of the third turn coil 22213 on the front side through a via hole. The end of the third turn coil 22213 is connected to the start of the seventh turn coil 22223 on the back side through a via hole. The end of the seventh turn coil 22223 is connected to the start of the fourth turn coil 22214 on the front side through a via hole. The end of the fourth turn coil 22214 is connected to the start of the eighth turn coil 22224 on the back side through a via hole, finally forming a printed circuit winding with four turns alternately distributed on the front and back sides, and the wiring reduces the overlapping area between the two windings as much as possible.

[0078] In the above embodiments, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 can both adopt the "square" type winding method and be alternately wound in a spiral manner.

[0079] Furthermore, the transition area can be processed in the coil corner area to make the corners as smooth as possible. Especially at the four right angles of the "square" type winding, 45° bevel or arc transition processing can be adopted to reduce impedance mutation and energy loss and ensure signal transmission efficiency.

[0080] Specifically, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the receiving winding 222 can be fabricated on a 0.15mm thick PET flexible substrate using 0.5mm thick printed copper wire (or aluminum wire). The first winding 2221 (front side) is formed by screen printing, with the first turn of coil 22211 (0.5mm wire width, 0.5mm wire spacing) wound clockwise starting from the outside of the substrate, and the end is connected to the reverse side through a via on the substrate. The second winding 2222 on the reverse side is wound counterclockwise with the fifth turn of coil 22221 (0.5mm wire width, 0.5mm wire spacing, position offset from the first turn by 90%, with only 5% overlap), and its beginning is connected to the end of the first turn through a via. The end of the fifth turn returns to the front side through another through hole, and the second turn coil 22212 (located inside the first turn, 0.5mm away from the first turn) is wound clockwise, with the first end connected to the end of the fifth turn; the end of the second turn then transitions to the reverse side through a through hole, and the sixth turn coil 22222 (located inside the fifth turn, 0.5mm away from the fifth turn) is wound counterclockwise, with the first end connected to the end of the second turn.

[0081] In some embodiments, the receiving winding 222 includes a first winding 2221 and a second winding 2222, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 being located on the same side surface of the second flexible substrate 221 respectively; the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 are alternately wound on the same side surface of the second flexible substrate 221 by the same wire, and both the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 include multiple turns of coils with inner and outer windings.

[0082] In this embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a circuit structure layout plan view of another receiving winding 222 provided in this application. The first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 can be alternately spirally wound in a figure-eight pattern.

[0083] Specifically, the first winding 2221 includes a first turn coil 22211 and a second turn coil 22212 from the outside to the inside, and the second winding 2222 includes a fifth turn coil 22221 and a sixth turn coil 22222 from the inside to the outside. The end of the first turn coil 22211 is connected to the beginning of the fifth turn coil 22221, the end of the fifth turn coil 22221 is connected to the beginning of the second turn coil 22212, and the end of the second turn coil 22212 is connected to the beginning of the sixth turn coil 22222.

[0084] In some embodiments, the first winding 2221 further includes a third turn 22213 and a fourth turn 22214 from the outside to the inside, and the second winding 2222 further includes a seventh turn 22223 and an eighth turn 22224 from the inside to the outside. The sixth turn 22222 is wound to the back side through a through-hole, and then returns to the front side through another through-hole, connecting to the beginning of the third turn 22213 wound from the outside to the inside on the front side. The third turn 22213 is wound clockwise, starting from the inside of the seventh winding in a horizontal figure-eight pattern, and the seventh turn 22223 is wound counterclockwise. The seventh turn 22223 is wound to the back side through a through-hole, and then returns to the front side through another through-hole, connecting to the beginning of the fourth turn 22214 wound from the outside to the inside on the front side. Wind the fourth turn of coil 22214 clockwise, and then, starting from the inside of the eighth winding, wind the eighth turn of coil 22224 counterclockwise using the same horizontal figure-eight winding method. This will ultimately form two printed circuit windings in a figure-eight shape, each with four turns, and the wiring should minimize the overlap between the two windings.

[0085] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the receiving winding 222 can be fabricated on a 0.15mm thick PET flexible substrate using 0.5mm thick printed copper wire, with a wire width and spacing of 0.5mm. The first winding 2221 (front side) starts from the outside of the substrate, winding the first turn 22211 clockwise. Then, starting from the inside of the second winding 2222, the fifth turn 22221 is wound counter-clockwise using a horizontal figure-eight winding pattern. The fifth turn 22221 is wound from the inside out, with its end passing through a hole to the back side for winding, and then through another hole back to the front side, connecting to the beginning of the second turn 22212 wound from the outside in on the front side. The second turn 22212 is wound clockwise, and similarly, starting from the inside of the sixth winding, the sixth turn 22222 is wound counter-clockwise using a horizontal figure-eight winding pattern.

[0086] In some embodiments, the first winding 2221 further includes a ninth turn 22215 and a tenth turn 22216 from the outside to the inside, and the second winding 2222 further includes an eleventh turn 22225 and a twelfth turn 22226 from the inside to the outside. The winding method of the coils is the same as in the embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] like Figure 5As shown, the figure-eight winding method in this embodiment is designed with the front side as the main focus, maximizing the use of space on a single side and reducing signal loss caused by the transition between the front and back sides. The winding direction of the first winding 2221 (outer-inner) and the second winding 2222 (inner-outer) complements each other, making the directions of the induced magnetic fields of the left and right parts of the figure-eight structure complementary, and the superposition enhances the overall magnetic flux. Only a small amount of reverse winding is achieved through the central via, which not only meets the anti-interference requirements of alternating winding, but also limits the overlapping area to the vicinity of the via, avoiding magnetic field cancellation. The regular layout with a line width and spacing of 0.5mm, combined with the printing process, adapts to the space of thin cylinders while ensuring signal stability and coupling efficiency during nested communication, making it particularly suitable for precision scenarios that prefer a single-sided layout.

[0088] In some embodiments, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 are both formed by multiple turns of coil wrapped around the inside and outside to form a rectangle, a circle or a polygon; or, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 together form an "8" shape.

[0089] In this embodiment, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 adopt a rectangular, circular, polygonal, or figure-eight design, which can flexibly adapt to the cross-sectional shape of different columnar carriers (e.g., a square column is adapted to a rectangular winding, and a circular column is adapted to a circular or figure-eight winding), improving space utilization and sensing uniformity. This further optimizes the signal transmission stability and anti-interference capability under different columnar scenarios.

[0090] In some embodiments, the second antenna 220 further includes a through hole 223, which is disposed on the second flexible substrate 221, and the first winding 2221 is connected to the second winding 2222 through the through hole 223.

[0091] This embodiment replaces the substrate edge transition with a through-hole 223 connection method, avoiding the mechanical stress and breakage risk caused by wire bending at the edge, and improving the stability of the winding structure. At the same time, the through-hole 223 can accurately locate the winding connection point, reduce the overlap area of ​​the windings on both sides, reduce magnetic field interference, and make the wire path shorter, reducing resistance loss. Combined with the curved surface layout of the columnar nesting scenario, it further enhances the reliability and efficiency of NFC communication.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 have the same number of turns, and the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 have the same enclosed area on the two opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate 221.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 can be configured to have the same number of turns and the same enclosed area. This ensures that the electromotive force induced by the two windings in the alternating magnetic field of the cylindrical curved surface is symmetrical. Combined with the opposite winding direction design, the magnetic field energy can be maximized and superimposed, avoiding induction imbalance caused by differences in the number of turns or area. At the same time, the symmetrical structure makes the capture ability of the cylindrical magnetic field of the two windings balanced, reducing local magnetic flux loss. It can stably maintain coupling efficiency during nested communication, and is especially suitable for space-constrained scenarios such as thin cylinders where the balance of magnetic field utilization is required, further improving the communication stability and consistency of the NFC component.

[0094] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first winding 2221 surrounding the second column 210 is disposed opposite to the second winding 2222.

[0095] In some implementations, adjusting the relative areas (projected overlap ratio) of the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 has the following effect on the magnetic field coupling effect:

[0096] For example, when the relative area is 30% (low proportion), only the edge areas are opposite, and most of the windings are staggered. At this time, the magnetic field induction superposition area is limited, and the overall magnetic flux density is low. However, because there are many staggered areas, the interference between windings is small, and the signal fluctuation is relatively smooth when the cylinder rotates significantly. This is suitable for scenarios where stability requirements are higher than coupling efficiency.

[0097] At a relative area of ​​60% (medium proportion), the middle turns are completely opposite, while the upper and lower turns are partially opposite. The magnetic field superposition effect in the opposite regions is significant, resulting in a substantial increase in magnetic flux density, while maintaining a certain offset area to balance interference. Even with a slight axial shift of the cylinder, the opposite regions can still maintain effective coupling, achieving a balance between efficiency and stability, and adapting to most nested communication scenarios.

[0098] At a relative area of ​​90% (high proportion), they are almost completely opposite, with only a small number of edge areas offset. The magnetic field superposition effect is the strongest, and the magnetic flux density reaches its maximum value. However, the parasitic capacitance between the windings increases, the high-frequency signal loss increases slightly, and once the column deviates from its relative position when rotating, the signal will fluctuate violently due to the sudden reduction in coupling area. It is suitable for fixed nesting scenarios with no relative motion.

[0099] Therefore, the relative area needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the priority of "coupling efficiency requirements" and "anti-offset capability" in the application. For example, in fields such as precision instruments, due to the limited space of thin cylindrical devices, the size of the antenna needs to be as small as possible. In this case, it is required to maximize the magnetic field superposition effect within a limited antenna area, so a high ratio of relative area is the optimal choice.

[0100] In this embodiment, the first winding 2221 and the second winding 2222 are arranged in a completely opposite or partially opposite configuration, which can flexibly adapt to the magnetic field coupling requirements according to the scenario. When completely opposite, the number of turns and the enclosed area are equal, so that the projected areas of the two can completely overlap. The magnetic field induction generated by the opposite winding direction is maximized and the magnetic flux density is significantly improved. In fixed nesting scenarios without relative motion, high-strength coupling can be stably maintained, reducing energy loss. When partially opposite, a certain magnetic field superposition is achieved through the relative area to ensure basic coupling efficiency, while the non-relative area reduces interference between windings. In scenarios where the column has slight rotation or offset, signal fluctuations can be reduced and communication continuity can be maintained. The various configuration methods take into account both "efficient coupling" and "anti-offset stability", so that the component can flexibly adapt to the needs of different nesting scenarios and broaden the application range.

[0101] In some embodiments, the first surface 130 is an inner surface and the second surface 230 is an outer surface; or the first surface 130 is an outer surface and the second surface 230 is an inner surface.

[0102] It should be noted that the first column 110 can be a hollow cylinder with a nested opening at one end, and the second column 210 can be a cylinder with one end that matches the hollow cylinder of the first column 110.

[0103] In some other embodiments, the second column 210 may be a hollow cylinder with a nested opening at one end, and the first column 110 may be a cylinder with a hollow cylinder at one end that matches the second column 210. This application embodiment does not limit the specific embodiment.

[0104] In this embodiment, the first surface 130 and the second surface 230 can be flexibly switched as inner or outer surfaces, allowing the windings to dynamically adjust their layout according to the nesting relationship between the pillars and external devices. When the transmitting winding 122 is located inside the first pillar 110, placing the receiving winding 222 on the outer surface of the second pillar 210 can shorten the distance to the transmitting end and enhance coupling. When the transmitting winding 122 is located outside the first pillar 110 (such as in a sleeve-type structure), placing the receiving winding 222 on the inner surface of the second pillar 210 can increase the distance between the transmitting winding 122 and the receiving winding 222, providing sufficient space for the placement of other components in the product. This bidirectional adaptability, combined with the relatively arranged winding layout, ensures the magnetic field coupling effect under different nesting scenarios and maintains performance stability through a unified number of turns and relative area design, significantly broadening the application range of the component.

[0105] In some embodiments, the transmitting component 10 further includes a power supply and a transmitting circuit 140, and the receiving component 20 further includes a receiving circuit 240. The transmitting circuit 140 is connected to the power supply and the first antenna 120, and the receiving circuit 240 is connected to the second antenna 220. The power supply is used to supply power to the transmitting circuit 140, and the transmitting circuit 140 and the receiving circuit 240 communicate through the first antenna 120 and the second antenna 220.

[0106] In this application, the power supply serves as the core power source, providing continuous and stable power to the transmitting circuit 140. The transmitting circuit 140 integrates a radio frequency processing unit, capable of modulating the digital signal to be transmitted into a radio frequency signal conforming to the NFC frequency band. Through its connection with the first antenna 120, the radio frequency signal is loaded onto the first antenna 120, causing the first antenna 120 to generate an alternating magnetic field. The first antenna 120 is wound onto the surface of a hollow cylinder, its shape adapted to the cylindrical structure, enabling efficient radiation of magnetic field energy.

[0107] The receiving component 20 includes a receiving circuit 240 and a second antenna 220. When the first antenna 120 of the transmitting end is working, the second antenna 220 generates an induced electromotive force through an induced alternating magnetic field and transmits the electromotive force to the receiving circuit 240. The receiving circuit 240 integrates a demodulation and signal processing unit, which can demodulate, filter, and amplify the induced signal from the second antenna 220 to extract the original digital signal, thus completing the reception and reconstruction of the signal.

[0108] Specifically, based on the aforementioned columnar NFC component, encrypted applications can be implemented through the collaborative processing of the transmitting circuit 140 and the receiving circuit 240. The specific process is as follows:

[0109] In the transmitting end, before modulating the digital signal into a radio frequency signal, the transmitting circuit 140 first encrypts the original data using a built-in encryption module (such as using the AES algorithm or the NFC standard encryption protocol). The encryption module can perform operations such as obfuscation and permutation on the data based on a preset key or a dynamically generated session key to form encrypted ciphertext. Subsequently, the transmitting circuit 140 modulates the ciphertext into a radio frequency signal and radiates it out through the first antenna 120 in the form of an alternating magnetic field.

[0110] After the second antenna 220 at the receiving end senses the magnetic field, it transmits the induced signal to the receiving circuit 240. Before demodulation and filtering, the receiving circuit 240 first activates the decryption module, which must match the encryption module at the transmitting end (e.g., pre-store the same key or support a key negotiation mechanism). The decryption module performs reverse processing on the ciphertext according to the corresponding algorithm to restore the original digital signal, thereby completing the secure transmission of encrypted data.

[0111] Meanwhile, the winding method and layout of the antenna of the component can ensure the stability of encrypted communication: no matter which direction the first antenna 120 of the transmitting end is located on the surface of the hollow cylinder, the second antenna 220 can maintain efficient coupling with the magnetic field of the transmitting end, reducing ciphertext errors caused by signal attenuation, while the anti-interference design of the circuit module can reduce the interference of external electromagnetic noise on the encrypted signal, further improving the security of data transmission and meeting the encryption scenario requirements such as data privacy of medical devices and anti-counterfeiting of industrial instructions.

[0112] This application also provides an electronic device that includes the columnar NFC component described in any of the above embodiments.

[0113] The electronic device with columnar NFC components provided in this application can be applied to scenarios such as medical interventional devices, industrial precision sleeves, and smart wearable devices.

[0114] In medical interventional devices, such as endoscopes and catheters, the components are integrated at the end. The transmitting component 10 is built into the hollow sleeve of the control console (the transmitting winding 122 is on the inner surface of the sleeve), and the receiving component 20 is at the front end of the device (the receiving winding 222 is adapted to the outer surface). It can transmit real-time parameters such as pressure and temperature through encrypted communication.

[0115] In the field of laboratory testing, an automatic testing device suitable for cylindrical sample tubes has a transmitting winding 122 located inside the cylindrical sample slot of the testing instrument, and a receiving winding 222 integrated into the cylindrical marking area at the top of the sample tube. The sample information (such as number and testing parameters) is wirelessly read through the inductive coupling of the components. Encrypted communication is used to prevent sample data tampering. At the same time, the relative setting design of the antenna ensures stable identification as soon as the sample tube is inserted, thereby improving the automation efficiency of the testing process.

[0116] In the field of precision instruments, such as columnar rotary encoders, the transmitting winding 122 is located on the outer surface of the instrument's fixed sleeve, and the receiving winding 222 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft and maintains efficient coupling with the transmitting end through surface switching. It can wirelessly transmit precise parameters such as angle and speed, replacing traditional brushes or cable connections, reducing errors caused by mechanical wear, and the encryption function prevents key parameters from being maliciously intercepted or tampered with, ensuring the accuracy and security of the instrument's operation.

[0117] These electronic devices, thanks to their miniaturized component design, encrypted communication capabilities, and stable coupling characteristics, can meet space constraints and ensure secure and efficient data transmission in special structural scenarios such as slender and nested structures. They avoid cable interference, overcome wiring limitations, improve usage security, and expand the application boundaries of NFC technology in special equipment.

[0118] The electronic devices in this embodiment may be, for example, portable electronic devices, medical electronic devices, emergency electronic devices, energy storage network devices, sensor network devices, and other electronic devices.

[0119] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. Similarly, for the sake of brevity and to aid in understanding one or more aspects of the invention, in the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention above, various features of the embodiments are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. The claims, which follow the detailed description, are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the invention.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more apparatuses different from those of the embodiments. Modules, units, or components in the embodiments can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and further, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components, except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive.

[0121] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the invention and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware.

Claims

1. A columnar NFC component, characterized in that, The device includes a transmitting component and a receiving component. The transmitting component includes a first column and a first antenna. The first antenna includes a first flexible substrate and a transmitting winding. The first flexible substrate is disposed around a first surface of the first column. The transmitting winding is formed by spirally winding a wire around the surface of the first flexible substrate with a point as the center. The arc length between the two farthest positions of the transmitting winding along the circumference of the first column is less than the circumference of the end face of the first column. The receiving component includes a second column and a second antenna. The second antenna includes a second flexible substrate and a receiving winding. The second flexible substrate is disposed around the second surface of the second column. The wires of the receiving winding are respectively routed on two opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate to generate an induced current according to the magnetic field change generated by the transmitting winding. The arc length of the receiving winding between the two farthest positions along the circumference of the second column is greater than half the circumference of the end face of the second column. The second column is nested within the first column, and the second surface is positioned opposite to the first surface, so that the receiving winding and the transmitting winding can communicate.

2. The columnar NFC component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving winding includes a first winding and a second winding, which are located on opposite sides of the second flexible substrate. The first winding and the second winding are formed by the same wire wound on opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate. Both the first winding and the second winding include multiple turns of coils that are wound inside and outside the substrate.

3. The columnar NFC component according to claim 2, characterized in that, One surface of the second flexible substrate is referred to as the front side, and the other surface is referred to as the back side. The first winding is formed by a wire spirally winding around a point on the front side, and the wire penetrates from the front side to the back side and spirally winding around a point on the back side to form the second winding. The winding directions of the first winding and the second winding are opposite.

4. The columnar NFC component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving winding includes a first winding and a second winding, which are located on the same side surface of the second flexible substrate. The first winding and the second winding are alternately wound on the same side surface of the second flexible substrate by the same wire, and both the first winding and the second winding include multiple turns of coils that are wound inside and outside.

5. The columnar NFC component according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the first winding and the second winding are formed by multiple turns of coil wrapped around the inside and outside to form a rectangle, circle or polygon; Alternatively, the first winding and the second winding together form an "8" shape.

6. The columnar NFC component according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second antenna also includes a through hole, which is disposed on the second flexible substrate, and the first winding is connected to the second winding through the through hole.

7. The columnar NFC component according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first winding and the second winding have the same number of turns, and the first winding and the second winding have the same enclosed area on opposite surfaces of the second flexible substrate.

8. The columnar NFC component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first surface is an inner surface and the second surface is an outer surface; or the first surface is an outer surface and the second surface is an inner surface.

9. The columnar NFC component according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The transmitting component further includes a power supply and a transmitting circuit, and the receiving component further includes a receiving circuit. The transmitting circuit is connected to the power supply and the first antenna, and the receiving circuit is connected to the second antenna. The power supply is used to power the transmitting circuit, and the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit communicate through the first antenna and the second antenna.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes the columnar NFC component as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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