Multi-branch battery system current sensor address automatic distribution system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-branch battery system current sensor address automatic distribution system and method, the system comprises a battery management system, a low-voltage wire harness and current sensors on each branch, and the battery management system communicates with each current sensor through a CAN bus; the battery management system and each current sensor form a series loop through a low-voltage wire harness; the method is started when the battery system is powered on for the first time after the battery system is assembled, the battery management system recognizes that at least one current sensor address is not configured or an upper computer of the battery management system actively initiates current sensor address allocation, an address allocation mode entering instruction is broadcasted through a CAN bus, and address allocation is conducted on the current sensors connected in series in sequence. According to the method, addresses are automatically allocated when all battery branches use one current sensor and are electrified for the first time after assembly is completed, so that the production process of the current sensor can be simplified, the assembly process of a multi-branch battery system is optimized, and meanwhile, the after-sales spare part cost of a battery system manufacturer is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery system technology, specifically relating to an automatic address allocation system and method for current sensors in a multi-branch battery system. Background Technology

[0002] In a multi-branch architecture of a battery management system, a current sensor needs to be deployed in each battery branch to achieve accurate current monitoring. Traditional solutions require pre-assigning a unique CAN ID to each sensor and distinguishing their installation location using different part numbers. This approach has significant drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Sensors need to be produced, labeled, and packaged differently based on the number of branches, increasing upstream management costs;

[0004] 2. Operators must strictly match the sensor part number with the branch position; mismatch will cause system communication disorder.

[0005] 3. Spare parts need to be stored independently according to branch type, resulting in a surge in inventory types and capital tied up.

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have proposed dynamic address allocation schemes. For example, Chinese invention patent CN113028667B discloses a CANID allocation method for a transportation refrigeration system. After the sensor is installed and powered on, it actively sends its unique identification code to the control unit. Upon receiving this code, the control unit dynamically assigns a unique CAN ID and binds this CAN ID to the sensor's identification code. While this scheme simplifies the installation process, it still has the following drawbacks:

[0007] 1. Each sensor needs to be pre-programmed with a unique ID, which increases hardware costs; if duplicate IDs are found, the system requires manual intervention to replace the sensor.

[0008] 2. The mapping between the identification code and the refrigeration cavity needs to be additionally marked and maintained, which is prone to errors during on-site operation.

[0009] 3. Relying on CAN bus communication to report IDs, registration messages may be lost in battery systems with strong electromagnetic interference.

[0010] Therefore, a new CAN ID allocation mechanism is needed to eliminate the differences in sensor production, bind physical location to communication address, and adapt to high-interference environments such as battery systems. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic address allocation system and method for current sensors in multi-branch battery systems, which enables all battery branches to use a single current sensor to automatically allocate addresses upon first power-on after assembly. This simplifies the production process of current sensors, optimizes the assembly process of multi-branch battery systems, and reduces the cost of after-sales spare parts for battery system manufacturers.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an automatic address allocation system for current sensors in a multi-branch battery system, including a battery management system, a low-voltage wiring harness, and current sensors on each branch. The battery management system communicates with each current sensor via a CAN bus.

[0013] The battery management system and each current sensor form a series circuit through a low-voltage wiring harness.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the battery management system and each current sensor are equipped with at least one DI interface and one DO interface. Adjacent current sensors in the series circuit are connected to the DO interface through the DI interface. The DI interface of the first current sensor is connected to the DO interface of the battery management system, and the DO interface of the last current sensor is connected to the DI interface of the battery management system.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides an automatic allocation method based on the above-mentioned multi-branch battery system current sensor address automatic allocation system. When the battery system is assembled and powered on for the first time, and the battery management system detects that at least one current sensor address is not configured or the host computer of the battery management system actively initiates a current sensor address allocation, the battery management system starts the current sensor address allocation process:

[0016] S1. Broadcast the command to enter the addressing mode via the CAN bus. All current sensors stop sending service messages and enter the addressing mode. All current sensor DO interfaces are set to low level, and DI interfaces are also detected to be low level.

[0017] S2. The DO of the battery management system is set to high level, and the addressing command of the current sensor 1 is sent. The DI interface of the current sensor 1 detects the high level and its own DO interface is low level. Then it receives the addressing command, writes the address in the command into the non-volatile memory unit, replies with a CAN message to indicate that the addressing is successful after writing, and pulls its own DO interface high.

[0018] S3. When the battery management system receives a successful addressing of current sensor 1, it sends an addressing instruction for current sensor 2. The addressing response process of current sensor 2 is the same as that of current sensor 1, and the address configuration of all current sensors is completed in sequence.

[0019] S4. After the last current sensor is addressed, its own DO interface outputs a high level to the DI interface of the battery management system. The battery management system determines that all current sensors have completed address allocation based on the high level state of the DI interface. The battery management system sets its own DO interface to a low level and sends a broadcast command indicating that the addressing is complete. After receiving the broadcast command indicating that the addressing is complete, all current sensors set their own DO interfaces to a low level, exit the addressing mode, and begin sending their own service messages according to the configured address cycle.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: In S3, during the address allocation process, if a current sensor fails to be addressed, it will report the address failure status to the battery management system. After receiving the address failure status or the address success message times out, the battery management system will set its own DO interface to low level, send a broadcast command for address failure, report the location of the address failure to the host computer, set its own fault status bit, and report the current sensor address failure fault. After receiving the address failure command, all current sensors will set their own DO interface to low level and exit the addressing mode.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention achieves comprehensive optimization of production, assembly, and after-sales processes by automatically assigning a unique communication address to each branch current sensor when the battery system is assembled and powered on for the first time.

[0023] This invention eliminates the cumbersome address allocation, labeling, and packaging processes in the development and production of current sensors, significantly simplifying the upstream supply chain and reducing labor costs.

[0024] This invention forms a "hardware relay chain" through DI / DO interfaces. Each sensor only responds to the allocation command when it detects a high level upstream and its own DO is low, naturally avoiding address conflicts. The address allocation order is determined by the hardware connection order, and the address strictly corresponds to the physical location, completely eliminating mismatches caused by manual intervention. Using the physical connection order as the basis for address allocation fundamentally solves the address management problem of multi-node systems. This design has a disruptive advantage in battery branches.

[0025] This invention eliminates the need for pre-programming unique IDs, thus removing the steps of ID management, labeling, and repackaging. In the battery system assembly process, thanks to the complete standardization of all current sensors at the material level, operators only need to perform standardized "plug-and-play" installation, without needing to worry about the correspondence between sensors and battery branch numbers. This significantly improves assembly efficiency and accuracy, effectively preventing the risk of rework due to mismatches.

[0026] Furthermore, for after-sales service, the spare parts management strategy is greatly simplified because the current sensors are physically and functionally identical. The required spare parts quantity is optimized from "one spare part for each branch" to "only one universal sensor needs to be prepared for the entire system", significantly reducing the types of spare parts and inventory costs. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic address allocation system for current sensors in a multi-branch battery system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, an automatic address allocation system for current sensors in a multi-branch battery system includes a battery management system (or other controllers that need to receive current values ​​from current sensors), a low-voltage wiring harness, and current sensors on each branch. The battery management system communicates with each current sensor via a CAN bus. The current sensors periodically send current values ​​collected by the current sensors to the CAN bus.

[0030] The battery management system and each current sensor form a series circuit through a low-voltage wiring harness.

[0031] Furthermore, the battery management system and each current sensor have at least one DI interface and one DO interface. Adjacent current sensors in the series circuit are connected to the DO interface through the DI interface. The DI interface of the first current sensor is connected to the DO interface of the battery management system, and the DO interface of the last current sensor is connected to the DI interface of the battery management system.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the DO interface of the battery management system is connected to the DI interface of current sensor 1 through a low-voltage wiring harness; the DO interface of current sensor 1 is connected to the DI interface of current sensor 2; the DO interface of current sensor n-1 is connected to the DI interface of current sensor n; and the DO interface of current sensor n is connected to the DI interface of the battery management system.

[0033] An automatic address allocation method based on the above-mentioned multi-branch battery system current sensor address automatic allocation system, wherein when the battery system is assembled and powered on for the first time, the battery management system detects that at least one current sensor address is not configured or the host computer of the battery management system actively initiates a current sensor address allocation, the battery management system starts the current sensor address allocation process:

[0034] S1. Broadcast the command to enter the addressing mode via the CAN bus. All current sensors stop sending service messages and enter the addressing mode. All current sensor DO interfaces are set to low level, and DI interfaces are also detected to be low level.

[0035] CAN bus communication can support multiple nodes. Each node receives the data it needs to receive. Therefore, when each current sensor detects that its own DI jumps to a high level, it starts to receive the addressing command. After successful addressing, it sends back a success message and pulls its own DO high to the next current sensor battery system to be addressed.

[0036] S2. The DO of the battery management system is set to high level, and the addressing command of the current sensor 1 is sent. The DI interface of the current sensor 1 detects the high level and its own DO interface is low level. Then it receives the addressing command, writes the address in the command into the non-volatile memory unit, replies with a CAN message to indicate that the addressing is successful after writing, and pulls its own DO interface high.

[0037] S3. When the battery management system receives a successful addressing of current sensor 1, it sends an addressing command for current sensor 2. The addressing response process of current sensor 2 is the same as that of current sensor 1: if the DI interface of current sensor 2 detects a high level and its own DO interface is low, it receives the addressing command, writes the address in the command into the non-volatile memory unit, replies with a successful addressing status after writing, and pulls its own DO interface high; and completes the address configuration for all current sensors in sequence.

[0038] Furthermore, during the address allocation process, if a current sensor fails to be addressed, it will report the address failure status to the battery management system. After receiving the address failure status or the address success message times out, the battery management system will set its own DO interface to low level, send a broadcast command for address failure, report the location of the address failure to the host computer, set its own fault status bit, and report the current sensor address failure. After receiving the address failure command, all current sensors will set their own DO interface to low level and exit the addressing mode.

[0039] S4. After the last current sensor n is addressed, its own DO interface outputs a high level to the battery management system's DI interface. The battery management system determines that all current sensors have completed address allocation based on the high level state of the DI interface. The battery management system sets its own DO interface to a low level and sends a broadcast command indicating that the addressing is complete. After receiving the broadcast command indicating that the addressing is complete, all current sensors set their own DO interfaces to a low level, exit the addressing mode, and begin sending their own service messages according to the configured address cycle.

Claims

1. An automatic address allocation system for current sensors in a multi-branch battery system, characterized in that, It includes a battery management system, a low-voltage wiring harness, and current sensors on each branch. The battery management system communicates with each current sensor via a CAN bus. The battery management system and each current sensor form a series circuit through a low-voltage wiring harness.

2. The automatic address allocation system for current sensors in a multi-branch battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery management system and each current sensor have at least one DI interface and one DO interface. Adjacent current sensors in the series circuit are connected to the DO interface through the DI interface. The DI interface of the first current sensor is connected to the DO interface of the battery management system, and the DO interface of the last current sensor is connected to the DI interface of the battery management system.

3. An automatic allocation method based on the automatic address allocation system for current sensors in a multi-branch battery system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the battery system is assembled and powered on for the first time, if the battery management system detects that at least one current sensor address is not configured, or if the host computer of the battery management system actively initiates a current sensor address allocation, the battery management system will start the current sensor address allocation process: S1. Broadcast the command to enter the addressing mode via the CAN bus. All current sensors stop sending service messages and enter the addressing mode. All current sensor DO interfaces are set to low level, and DI interfaces are also detected to be low level. S2. The DO of the battery management system is set to high level, and the addressing command of the current sensor 1 is sent. The DI interface of the current sensor 1 detects the high level and its own DO interface is low level. Then it receives the addressing command, writes the address in the command into the non-volatile memory unit, replies with a CAN message to indicate that the addressing is successful after writing, and pulls its own DO interface high. S3. When the battery management system receives a successful addressing of current sensor 1, it sends an addressing instruction for current sensor 2. The addressing response process of current sensor 2 is the same as that of current sensor 1, and the address configuration of all current sensors is completed in sequence. S4. After the last current sensor is addressed, its own DO interface outputs a high level to the DI interface of the battery management system. The battery management system determines that all current sensors have completed address allocation based on the high level state of the DI interface. The battery management system sets its own DO interface to a low level and sends a broadcast command indicating that the addressing is complete. After receiving the broadcast command indicating that the addressing is complete, all current sensors set their own DO interfaces to a low level, exit the addressing mode, and begin sending their own service messages according to the configured address cycle.

4. The automatic address allocation method for current sensors in a multi-branch battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S3, if a current sensor fails to be addressed during the addressing process, it will report the addressing failure status to the battery management system. After receiving the addressing failure status or the addressing success message times out, the battery management system will set its own DO interface to low level, send a broadcast command for addressing failure, report the location of the addressing failure to the host computer, set its own fault status bit, and report the current sensor addressing failure. After all current sensors receive the addressing failure command, they will set their own DO interface to low level and exit the addressing mode.

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