High-density polyethylene composite material, preparation method and optical cable sheath

Abstract

The application discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, a preparation method and an optical cable sheath, and relates to the technical field of optical cables, wherein the high-density polyethylene composite material is prepared from the following raw materials: high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, a composite light stabilizer and an additive, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, the high-density polyethylene, the linear low-density polyethylene, the composite light stabilizer, an antioxidant, a lubricant and a dispersing agent are premixed in a high-speed mixer according to a certain proportion, and then the premixed material is fed into a double-screw extruder to be melt-kneaded; S2, the extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled in a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by using an air cooling device; S3, the cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by using a traction machine; and S4, the shaped optical cable sheath material is cut or wound according to customer requirements. The application can effectively improve the ultraviolet aging resistance of the optical cable sheath.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of optical cables, and in particular to a high-density polyethylene composite material, its preparation method, and an optical cable sheath. Background Technology

[0002] In today's information age, the importance of communication networks is increasingly prominent. As a key infrastructure of communication networks, the safe and stable operation of optical cables is crucial. Optical cable sheaths, as important components protecting optical cables, bear the heavy responsibility of resisting damage to optical cables from external environmental factors (such as mechanical stress, chemical corrosion, humidity, and temperature changes), and are widely used in various fields such as communications, power, and broadcasting.

[0003] With the booming development of emerging technologies such as 5G and the Internet of Things, the requirements for the quantity and quality of optical cables are constantly increasing, and higher standards are also being set for the performance of optical cable sheaths.

[0004] Currently, among the common optical cable sheathing materials on the market, high-density polyethylene has become one of the commonly used materials for optical cable sheathing due to its good corrosion resistance, insulation, flexibility and relatively low cost.

[0005] High-density polyethylene has poor aging resistance and is prone to cracking when exposed to sunlight for a long time, which can damage the optical cable sheath. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to improve the UV aging resistance of high-density polyethylene, thereby extending the service life of high-density polyethylene optical cable sheaths and reducing the adverse effects of UV aging on optical cable sheaths, this application provides a high-density polyethylene composite material, a preparation method, and an optical cable sheath.

[0007] In the first aspect, this application provides a high-density polyethylene composite material, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 50-70 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20-30 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 2-5 parts of composite light stabilizer, and 3-7 parts of additives. The composite light stabilizer is light absorber modified titanium dioxide supported on black silica particles.

[0009] By employing the above technical solutions, the high crystallinity of HDPE endows the material with excellent rigidity and tensile strength, while the short-chain branched structure of LLDPE significantly improves impact resistance and elongation at break. The molecular chain entanglement characteristics of LLDPE combined with the dense crystalline structure of HDPE effectively resist the penetration of chemical media. The HDPE / LLDPE blend system exhibits co-crystallization, expanding the wafer thickness distribution range and thus enhancing the material's thermal stability. By using black silica and light absorbers to absorb and scatter ultraviolet light, the oxidative damage to high-density polyethylene composites caused by light is effectively reduced. Titanium dioxide serves as the intermediate core and load-bearing body, and the black silica is then linked by light absorbers, thereby improving overall stability.

[0010] Preferably, the composite light stabilizer is prepared by the following steps:

[0011] S1. Urea, tetrabutyl titanate and light absorber were added to anhydrous ethanol in sequence and dissolved. The mixture was then heated to 100°C and reacted for 48 hours. The product was then washed with distilled water and ethanol, and dried to obtain light absorber modified porous titanium dioxide.

[0012] S2. Add carbon black particles to deionized water and sonicate to disperse the carbon black particles evenly in the deionized water. Add tetraethyl orthosilicate and then add a 25% ammonia solution by volume. Stir and mix for 30 minutes.

[0013] Then, the light absorber modified porous titanium dioxide prepared in S1 was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. After adding anhydrous ethanol, the mixture was centrifuged and washed repeatedly. The composite light stabilizer was then obtained by freeze drying.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, a light absorber is first combined with titanium dioxide particles to obtain titanium dioxide that can absorb ultraviolet light. Then, black silicon dioxide particles are formed on the surface of titanium dioxide, and the outer black silicon dioxide is used as a protective layer and a light absorption layer.

[0015] Firstly, during the preparation of high-density polyethylene composite materials, black silica protects the light absorber, reducing the amount of light absorber that decomposes under high-temperature conditions. Secondly, ultraviolet rays not absorbed by the black silica layer cause high-density polyethylene to generate active free radicals, which the light absorber captures and stabilizes. Finally, the long chains of the light absorber itself have an adsorption effect on carbon black nanoparticles, and because a dense black silica layer is not formed on the surface of titanium dioxide, the composite light stabilizer can more easily capture the active free radicals.

[0016] Preferably, the composite light stabilizer is further surface-treated with a coupling agent after preparation.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the surface of the composite light stabilizer is treated with a silane coupling agent, thereby improving the compatibility of the composite light stabilizer in high-density polyethylene composite materials, and thus improving the overall performance of high-density polyethylene composite materials.

[0018] Preferably, the surface treatment of the coupling agent includes the following operations: adding the composite light stabilizer and silane coupling agent to anhydrous ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:5:10, reacting at 50°C for 6 hours, centrifuging, and then drying to complete the surface treatment.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the composite light stabilizer and silane coupling agent react at 50°C using anhydrous ethanol as a medium, thereby grafting the surface of the composite light stabilizer. The treated composite light stabilizer can exist stably in high-density polyethylene composite materials, improving the overall stability.

[0020] Preferably, the additive includes an antioxidant, a lubricant, and a dispersant, wherein the weight ratio of the antioxidant, lubricant, and dispersant is (1-3):(1-2):(1-2).

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, the role of antioxidants is to improve the oxidation resistance and thermal stability of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composite materials. Lubricants can reduce the surface friction coefficient and improve demolding performance during HDPE processing. Dispersants can improve the uniformity of dispersion of raw materials such as composite light stabilizers in HDPE and enhance the interfacial bonding ability between various additives and HDPE.

[0022] Limiting and adjusting the amount of antioxidants, lubricants, and dispersants can reduce performance degradation caused by excessive additives or failure of high-density polyethylene composites to achieve expected performance levels due to insufficient additives.

[0023] Preferably, the antioxidant comprises tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) in a weight ratio of 1:2.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite is used as an auxiliary antioxidant, and 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) is used as the main antioxidant. The two are used in combination to exert a synergistic effect and further improve the thermal stability of the composite material.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a high-density polyethylene composite material, employing the following technical solution:

[0026] The process includes the following steps: S1, premixing high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, composite light stabilizer, antioxidant, lubricant and dispersant in a certain proportion in a high-speed mixer, and then feeding them into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0027] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled by a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device.

[0028] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, and the traction speed and extrusion speed are controlled at 1:1-1:1.5.

[0029] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0030] Preferably, the parameters in S1 are as follows: screw speed: 200-400 rpm, feeding section: 180-200℃, compression section: 200-220℃, melting section: 210-230℃, venting section: 200-220℃, homogenization section: 200-220℃, die head / mold: 200-220℃, main machine torque: 30-50%, and die head pressure: 8-15 MPa.

[0031] Preferably, the temperature of the cooling water in S2 is 15-25℃, and the wind speed for air cooling is 2-5m / s.

[0032] Thirdly, this application provides an optical cable sheath made of the aforementioned high-density polyethylene composite material.

[0033] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0034] 1. When the optical cable sheath is exposed to ultraviolet light for a long time, the composite light stabilizer absorbs the ultraviolet light, thereby effectively improving the UV aging resistance of high-density polyethylene, reducing the damage of ultraviolet light to the optical cable sheath, and thus extending the service life of the optical cable sheath.

[0035] 2. After fixing the light absorber with titanium dioxide, a black silica protective layer is formed on the surface of the titanium dioxide. In addition to absorbing ultraviolet rays, the black silica protective layer can also protect the light absorber during the processing of the optical cable sheath, reducing the amount of damage to the light absorber during processing, thereby improving the effect of the light absorber. Furthermore, the dispersion of black titanium dioxide in the raw materials promotes the uniform dispersion of the light absorber, allowing the light absorber to better capture active free radicals and improve overall stability. At the same time, because the black silica does not form a dense protective layer, some of the ultraviolet rays that pass through the black silica will also be absorbed by the titanium dioxide, thereby further eliminating the adverse effects of ultraviolet radiation on the optical cable sheath. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and comparative examples.

[0037] All raw materials used in this application were obtained commercially.

[0038] Both high-density polyethylene and linear low-density polyethylene are injection molding grade.

[0039] The light absorber is 4-benzoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine.

[0040] The coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane.

[0041] The antioxidants are tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol).

[0042] The lubricant is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0043] The dispersant is stearic acid.

[0044] The carbon black particles have a particle size of 50 nm.

[0045] This application describes the preparation of different composite light stabilizers through preparation examples.

[0046] Preparation Example 1

[0047] This preparation example discloses a composite light stabilizer, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0048] S1. Urea, tetrabutyl titanate, and light absorber were added sequentially to anhydrous ethanol in a weight ratio of 10:10:1 and dissolved. The mixture was then heated to 100°C and reacted for 48 hours. The product was then washed with distilled water and ethanol, and dried to obtain light absorber-modified porous titanium dioxide.

[0049] S2. Add 0.5g of carbon black particles to 500mL of deionized water and sonicate to disperse the carbon black particles evenly in the deionized water. Add 60mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate and then add 5mL of 25% ammonia solution. Stir and mix for 30min.

[0050] Then, 0.5g of the light absorber-modified porous titanium dioxide prepared in S1 was added, stirred at room temperature for 12h, anhydrous ethanol was added, centrifuged and washed repeatedly, and then freeze-dried to obtain the composite light stabilizer.

[0051] Preparation Example 2

[0052] This preparation example discloses a composite light stabilizer, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0053] Urea, tetrabutyl titanate, and a light absorber were added sequentially to anhydrous ethanol in a weight ratio of 10:10:1 and dissolved. The mixture was then heated to 100°C and reacted for 48 hours. The product was then washed with distilled water and ethanol, and dried to obtain light absorber-modified porous titanium dioxide, which served as a composite light stabilizer.

[0054] Preparation Example 3

[0055] This preparation example discloses a composite light stabilizer, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0056] S1. Urea and tetrabutyl titanate were added sequentially to anhydrous ethanol in a 1:1 weight ratio and dissolved. The mixture was then heated to 100°C and reacted for 48 hours. The product was then washed with distilled water and ethanol, and dried to obtain light-absorbing modified porous titanium dioxide.

[0057] S2. Add 0.5g of carbon black particles to 500mL of deionized water and sonicate to disperse the carbon black particles evenly in the deionized water. Add 60mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate and then add 5mL of 25% ammonia solution. Stir and mix for 30min.

[0058] Then, 0.5g of the light absorber-modified porous titanium dioxide prepared in S1 was added, stirred at room temperature for 12h, anhydrous ethanol was added, centrifuged and washed repeatedly, and then freeze-dried to obtain the composite light stabilizer.

[0059] Preparation Example 4

[0060] This preparation example discloses a composite light stabilizer, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0061] Add 0.5g of carbon black granules to 500mL of deionized water and sonicate to disperse the carbon black granules evenly in the deionized water. Add 60mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate and then add 5mL of 25% ammonia solution. Stir and mix for 30min.

[0062] Then, 0.5g of light absorber was added, stirred at room temperature for 12 hours, anhydrous ethanol was added, centrifuged and washed repeatedly, and then freeze-dried to obtain the composite light stabilizer.

[0063] Preparation Example 5

[0064] This preparation example discloses a composite light stabilizer, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0065] Urea and tetrabutyl titanate were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol in a 1:1 weight ratio, and then the mixture was heated to 100°C and reacted for 48 hours. The product was then washed with distilled water and ethanol, and dried to obtain porous titanium dioxide, which was used as a composite light stabilizer.

[0066] Preparation Example 6

[0067] This preparation example discloses a composite light stabilizer, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0068] Add 0.5g of carbon black granules to 500mL of deionized water and sonicate to disperse the carbon black granules evenly in the deionized water. Add 60mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate and then add 5mL of 25% ammonia solution. Stir and mix for 30min.

[0069] The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours, then anhydrous ethanol was added, followed by centrifugation and repeated washing. The composite light stabilizer was then freeze-dried.

[0070] Preparation Example 7

[0071] This preparation example discloses a composite light stabilizer, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0072] S1. Urea, tetrabutyl titanate, and light absorber were added sequentially to anhydrous ethanol in a weight ratio of 10:10:1 and dissolved. The mixture was then heated to 100°C and reacted for 48 hours. The product was then washed with distilled water and ethanol, and dried to obtain light absorber-modified porous titanium dioxide.

[0073] S2. Add 0.5g of carbon black particles to 500mL of deionized water and sonicate to disperse the carbon black particles evenly in the deionized water. Add 60mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate and then add 5mL of 25% ammonia solution. Stir and mix for 30min.

[0074] Then, 0.5g of the light absorber-modified porous titanium dioxide prepared in S1 was added, stirred at room temperature for 12h, anhydrous ethanol was added, centrifuged and washed repeatedly, and then freeze-dried to obtain the composite light stabilizer.

[0075] S3. Add the composite light stabilizer and silane coupling agent to anhydrous ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:5:10, react at 50°C for 6 hours, centrifuge and dry to complete the surface treatment.

[0076] The following are examples of the preparation of high-density polyethylene composite materials.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] This embodiment discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The sheath is prepared by the following steps:

[0079] S1. 50 kg of high-density polyethylene, 20 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 2 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 1, 0.5 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 0.5 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0080] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0081] Screw speed: 200 rpm

[0082] Feeding section: 180℃

[0083] Compression section: 200℃

[0084] Melting section: 210℃

[0085] Exhaust section: 200℃

[0086] Homogenization section: 200℃

[0087] Machine head / mold: 200℃

[0088] Main unit torque: 30%

[0089] Head pressure: 8MPa

[0090] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 15℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 2m / s.

[0091] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.

[0092] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] This embodiment discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The sheath is prepared by the following steps:

[0095] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 1, 1 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0096] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0097] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0098] Feeding section: 190℃

[0099] Compression section: 210℃

[0100] Melting section: 220℃

[0101] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0102] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0103] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0104] Main unit torque: 40%

[0105] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0106] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0107] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0108] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0109] Example 3

[0110] This embodiment discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The sheath is prepared by the following steps:

[0111] S1. 70 kg of high-density polyethylene, 30 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 1, 1.5 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1.5 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 2 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0112] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0113] Screw speed: 400 rpm

[0114] Feeding section: 200℃

[0115] Compression section: 220℃

[0116] Melting section: 230℃

[0117] Exhaust section: 220℃

[0118] Homogenization section: 220℃

[0119] Machine head / mold: 220℃

[0120] Main unit torque: 50%

[0121] Head pressure: 15MPa

[0122] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 25℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 5m / s.

[0123] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.5.

[0124] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0125] Example 4

[0126] This embodiment discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The sheath is prepared by the following steps:

[0127] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 7, 1 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0128] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0129] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0130] Feeding section: 190℃

[0131] Compression section: 210℃

[0132] Melting section: 220℃

[0133] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0134] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0135] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0136] Main unit torque: 40%

[0137] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0138] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0139] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0140] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0141] Example 5

[0142] This embodiment discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The sheath is prepared by the following steps:

[0143] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 1, 2 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0144] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0145] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0146] Feeding section: 190℃

[0147] Compression section: 210℃

[0148] Melting section: 220℃

[0149] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0150] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0151] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0152] Main unit torque: 40%

[0153] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0154] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0155] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0156] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0157] Example 6

[0158] This embodiment discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The sheath is prepared by the following steps:

[0159] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 1, 2 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0160] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0161] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0162] Feeding section: 190℃

[0163] Compression section: 210℃

[0164] Melting section: 220℃

[0165] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0166] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0167] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0168] Main unit torque: 40%

[0169] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0170] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0171] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0172] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0173] Example 7

[0174] This embodiment discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The sheath is prepared by the following steps:

[0175] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 1, 2.5 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and 2.5 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0176] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0177] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0178] Feeding section: 190℃

[0179] Compression section: 210℃

[0180] Melting section: 220℃

[0181] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0182] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0183] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0184] Main unit torque: 40%

[0185] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0186] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0187] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0188] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0189] Example 8

[0190] This embodiment discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The sheath is prepared by the following steps:

[0191] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 1 and 5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0192] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0193] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0194] Feeding section: 190℃

[0195] Compression section: 210℃

[0196] Melting section: 220℃

[0197] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0198] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0199] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0200] Main unit torque: 40%

[0201] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0202] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0203] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0204] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0205] Example 9

[0206] This embodiment discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The sheath is prepared by the following steps:

[0207] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 1 and 5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0208] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0209] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0210] Feeding section: 190℃

[0211] Compression section: 210℃

[0212] Melting section: 220℃

[0213] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0214] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0215] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0216] Main unit torque: 40%

[0217] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0218] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0219] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0220] S4. Cut or rewind the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0221] The following are comparative examples of the preparation of high-density polyethylene composite materials.

[0222] Comparative Example 1

[0223] This comparative example discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The material is prepared by the following steps:

[0224] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 2, 1 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0225] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0226] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0227] Feeding section: 190℃

[0228] Compression section: 210℃

[0229] Melting section: 220℃

[0230] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0231] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0232] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0233] Main unit torque: 40%

[0234] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0235] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0236] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0237] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0238] Comparative Example 2

[0239] This comparative example discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The material is prepared by the following steps:

[0240] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 3, 1 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0241] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0242] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0243] Feeding section: 190℃

[0244] Compression section: 210℃

[0245] Melting section: 220℃

[0246] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0247] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0248] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0249] Main unit torque: 40%

[0250] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0251] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0252] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0253] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0254] Comparative Example 3

[0255] This comparative example discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The material is prepared by the following steps:

[0256] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 4, 1 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0257] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0258] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0259] Feeding section: 190℃

[0260] Compression section: 210℃

[0261] Melting section: 220℃

[0262] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0263] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0264] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0265] Main unit torque: 40%

[0266] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0267] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0268] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0269] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0270] Comparative Example 4

[0271] This comparative example discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The material is prepared by the following steps:

[0272] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 5, 1 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0273] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0274] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0275] Feeding section: 190℃

[0276] Compression section: 210℃

[0277] Melting section: 220℃

[0278] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0279] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0280] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0281] Main unit torque: 40%

[0282] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0283] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0284] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0285] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0286] Comparative Example 5

[0287] This comparative example discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The material is prepared by the following steps:

[0288] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of the composite light stabilizer prepared in Example 6, 1 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0289] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0290] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0291] Feeding section: 190℃

[0292] Compression section: 210℃

[0293] Melting section: 220℃

[0294] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0295] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0296] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0297] Main unit torque: 40%

[0298] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0299] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0300] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0301] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0302] Comparative Example 6

[0303] This comparative example discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The material is prepared by the following steps:

[0304] S1. 60 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 3.5 kg of light absorber, 1 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1 kg of 4,4'-methylene bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0305] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0306] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0307] Feeding section: 190℃

[0308] Compression section: 210℃

[0309] Melting section: 220℃

[0310] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0311] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0312] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0313] Main unit torque: 40%

[0314] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0315] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0316] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0317] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0318] Comparative Example 7

[0319] This comparative example discloses a high-density polyethylene composite material, which is used to make an optical cable sheath. The material is prepared by the following steps:

[0320] S1. 63.5 kg of high-density polyethylene, 25 kg of linear low-density polyethylene, 1 kg of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1 kg of 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5 kg of stearic acid are premixed in a high-speed mixer and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing.

[0321] The specific parameters are as follows:

[0322] Screw speed: 300 rpm

[0323] Feeding section: 190℃

[0324] Compression section: 210℃

[0325] Melting section: 220℃

[0326] Exhaust section: 210℃

[0327] Homogenization section: 210℃

[0328] Machine head / mold: 210℃

[0329] Main unit torque: 40%

[0330] Head pressure: 12MPa

[0331] S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled by an air cooling device. The temperature of the cooling water is 20℃, and the air speed of the air cooling is 3m / s.

[0332] S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, with the traction speed and extrusion speed controlled at 1:1.3.

[0333] S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

[0334] Table 1. Raw material composition (kg) for the examples and comparative examples

[0335]

[0336] Inspection and testing data

[0337] Aging resistance:

[0338] Referring to GB / T 18950-2023 Rubber and Plastic Hoses - Laboratory Light Source Exposure Test Method - Determination of Changes in Color, Appearance and Other Physical Properties, 5.1.1 Sample Type 2 in Table 1;

[0339] Six samples were prepared using the same materials as in the examples or comparative examples. Three of these samples were taken to test their tensile strength and elongation at break. The average value was recorded as the data before aging.

[0340] The remaining three samples were then aged, and their tensile strength and elongation at break were tested again and recorded as the data after aging.

[0341] Calculate the aging change rate (%):

[0342] Change rate = (pre-aging test value - post-aging test value) / pre-aging test value * 100%;

[0343] Aging conditions

[0344] 6.3, Method A in Table 4: Artificial climate aging, humidity 50±5%, exposure time 1440 hours.

[0345] Elongation at break: Tested according to GB / T 1040.3-2018, unit is %

[0346] Tensile strength: Tested in accordance with GB / T 1040.3-2018, unit is MPa.

[0347] Table 2. Test data for examples and comparative examples

[0348]

[0349] Comparing Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-7 with the data in Table 2, it can be seen that after fixing the light absorber with titanium dioxide, a black silica protective layer is formed on the surface of the titanium dioxide. In addition to absorbing ultraviolet rays, the black silica protective layer can also protect the light absorber during the processing of the optical cable sheath, reducing the amount of damage to the light absorber during processing, thereby improving the effect of the light absorber. Furthermore, the dispersion of black titanium dioxide in the raw materials promotes the uniform dispersion of the light absorber, allowing the light absorber to better capture active free radicals and improve overall stability. At the same time, because the black silica does not form a dense protective layer, some of the ultraviolet rays that pass through the black silica will also be absorbed by the titanium dioxide, thereby further eliminating the adverse effects of ultraviolet irradiation on the optical cable sheath.

[0350] Comparing Example 2 and Example 5 with Table 2, it can be seen that treating the surface of the composite light stabilizer with a silane coupling agent improves the compatibility of the composite light stabilizer in the high-density polyethylene composite material, thereby improving the overall performance of the high-density polyethylene composite material.

[0351] Comparing Examples 2, 5, and 6 with Table 2, it can be seen that the addition of two antioxidants, 4,4'-methylene bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) as the main component and tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite as the auxiliary component, effectively exerts the synergistic effect of the two, improves the effect of the antioxidant, and thus effectively enhances the performance of the high-density polyethylene composite material.

[0352] Comparing Examples 2, 7, 8 and 9 with Table 2, it can be seen that adding appropriate amounts of antioxidants, lubricants and dispersants can effectively improve the performance of high-density polyethylene composite materials.

[0353] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-density polyethylene composite material, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 50-70 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20-30 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 2-5 parts of composite light stabilizer, and 3-7 parts of additives. The composite light stabilizer is light absorber modified titanium dioxide supported on black silica particles. The composite light stabilizer is prepared by the following steps: S1. Urea, tetrabutyl titanate and light absorber were added to anhydrous ethanol in sequence and dissolved. The mixture was then heated to 100°C and reacted for 48 hours. The product was then washed with distilled water and ethanol, and dried to obtain light absorber modified porous titanium dioxide. S2. Add carbon black particles to deionized water and sonicate to disperse the carbon black particles evenly in the deionized water. Add tetraethyl orthosilicate and then add a 25% ammonia solution by volume. Stir and mix for 30 minutes. Then, the light absorber modified porous titanium dioxide prepared in S1 was added, stirred at room temperature for 12 hours, anhydrous ethanol was added, centrifuged and washed repeatedly, and then freeze-dried to obtain the composite light stabilizer. The additives include antioxidants, lubricants and dispersants, and the weight ratio of the antioxidants, lubricants and dispersants is (1-3):(1-2):(1-2).

2. The high-density polyethylene composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite light stabilizer is then surface-treated using a coupling agent after preparation.

3. The high-density polyethylene composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface treatment of the coupling agent includes the following operations: adding the composite light stabilizer and silane coupling agent to anhydrous ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:5:10, reacting at 50°C for 6 hours, centrifuging, and then drying to complete the surface treatment.

4. The high-density polyethylene composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant comprises tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) in a weight ratio of 1:

2.

5. A method for preparing the high-density polyethylene composite material according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. High-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, composite light stabilizer, antioxidant, lubricant and dispersant are premixed in a high-speed mixer in a certain proportion, and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt mixing. S2. The extruded optical cable sheath material is rapidly cooled through a water cooling tank, and then further cooled using an air cooling device. S3. The cooled optical cable sheath material is stretched and shaped by a traction machine, and the traction speed and extrusion speed are controlled at 1:1-1:1.

5. S4. Cut or roll up the shaped optical cable sheath material according to customer requirements.

6. The method for preparing a high-density polyethylene composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The parameters in S1 are, Screw speed: 200-400 rpm Feeding section: 180-200℃ Compression section: 200-220℃ Melting zone: 210-230℃ Exhaust section: 200-220℃ Homogenization section: 200-220℃, Machine head / mold: 200-220℃ Main unit torque: 30-50%, Head pressure: 8-15MPa.

7. The method for preparing a high-density polyethylene composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature of the cooling water in S2 is 15-25℃, and the air velocity for air cooling is 2-5m / s.

8. An optical cable sheath, characterized in that: It is made from the high-density polyethylene composite material as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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