A laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer

Abstract

The present application relates to a laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer applied to the field of water treatment, wherein a gas permeable membrane is arranged between the annular cylinder and the filter core, and a negative pressure suction mechanism is communicated with the annular cylinder, so as to perform negative pressure suction on the impurity gas in the filter core during the dechlorination process, reduce the occupation of the activated carbon pore adsorption sites by the impurity gas, improve the physical adsorption and chemical adsorption efficiency of free chlorine and combined chlorine, and reduce the mass transfer resistance of the activated carbon filler. Meanwhile, a plurality of composite activated carbon layers are arranged along the axial direction of the filter core, and exhaust gaps are arranged between the composite activated carbon layers, so that the water flow and the gas flow are alternately flowed between the activated carbon layers and the exhaust gaps. Compared with the integrally formed whole activated carbon filler, the contact probability of the bubbles and the activated carbon filler is reduced, the probability of the bubbles blocking the activated carbon pores is further reduced, and the utilization rate of the activated carbon pores is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a dechlorination device, and more particularly to a laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer for use in the field of water treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Chlorine exists in water mainly in two forms: free chlorine (such as Cl2, HOCl, OCl⁻) and bound chlorine (such as chloramine NH2Cl, NHCl2). During the chlorine removal process of composite activated carbon, physical adsorption traps chlorine substances through the pore structure, while chemical adsorption relies on the functional groups on the surface of activated carbon to catalyze the decomposition reaction of free and bound chlorine. In the chemical adsorption stage, free and bound chlorine may generate gaseous products such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen under catalysis. It is worth noting that the dissolved chlorine gas remaining in tap water will enter the activated carbon filter with the water flow. The impurity gas generated by this gas not only easily clogs the pore structure of activated carbon, but also competes with the target chlorine substances for adsorption sites, resulting in a decrease in pore utilization, an increase in mass transfer resistance, and ultimately weakening the overall adsorption efficiency of activated carbon.

[0003] The existing patent with publication number CN222498710U discloses a drinking water filtration and dechlorination device that achieves step-by-step water purification by sequentially arranging a filtration chamber, an activated carbon filter, and a heating chamber within the casing: the filtration chamber first removes particulate impurities from the water; the activated carbon filter efficiently removes free and bound chlorine using a dual mechanism of physical adsorption and chemical catalytic decomposition; and the heating chamber uses a heating plate to raise the temperature, causing residual chlorine and impurity gases to evaporate and escape. Ultimately, this device achieves multiple benefits, including improving the purity of drinking water, reducing chlorine residue, and ensuring water safety. Furthermore, the combination of a temperature sensor and a display screen ensures controllable heating, optimizing the device's ease of operation and processing efficiency.

[0004] The aforementioned prior art discloses a multi-stage treatment mechanism to improve the dechlorination effect, but it does not solve the problem that impurity gases generated when activated carbon adsorbs free chlorine and bound chlorine can easily clog the pores of activated carbon. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the activated carbon adsorption layer of the existing dechlorination device is easily blocked by impurity gases generated by chemical adsorption.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer, comprising an outer shell, a filter cylinder extending above the upper part of the outer shell, a filter disc fixedly connected to the lower end of the filter cylinder, the filter disc being used to filter suspended particles in tap water; an annular cylinder fixedly connected inside the filter cylinder, a filter element penetrating the annular cylinder fixedly connected to the center of the annular cylinder, the filter element being filled with activated carbon packing, a retaining net fixedly connected to the outer side of the annular cylinder, a breathable membrane fixedly connected between the retaining net and the filter element, a suction chamber formed between the retaining net and the inner wall of the annular cylinder, the suction chamber being connected to a negative pressure suction mechanism, the negative pressure suction mechanism and the breathable membrane cooperating to perform negative pressure suction of impurity gases in the filter element and discharge them into the atmosphere; a drain pipe fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the filter cylinder, and a water inlet pipe fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer shell.

[0007] In the aforementioned laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer, the impurity gas inside the filter element is drawn in by a breathable membrane and a negative pressure suction mechanism placed between the annular cylinder and the filter element, thereby reducing the probability of gas clogging the pores of the activated carbon.

[0008] As a further improvement of this application, the activated carbon packing includes a multi-layer composite activated carbon layer arranged along the axial direction of the filter element, with a support mesh fixedly connected to both sides of the composite activated carbon layer. The support mesh is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter element, and an exhaust gap is formed between adjacent support meshes.

[0009] As a further improvement of this application, the negative pressure suction mechanism includes multiple suction pipes that are fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular cylinder and are evenly distributed in a circular pattern. The upper end of the suction pipe is fixedly connected to an end plate that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder. Above the end plate is a suction plate that is fixed to the inner wall of the filter cylinder. A first one-way valve is fixedly connected to the center of the suction plate. Above the suction plate is a piston disc that slides against the inner wall of the filter cylinder. The upper end of the piston disc is fixedly connected to the movable end of an electric push rod. The fixed end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the filter cylinder. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the filter cylinder. A second one-way valve is fixedly connected to the connection between the exhaust pipe and the filter cylinder.

[0010] As a further improvement of this application, the suction pipe passes through the end plate and extends to the upper end face of the end plate. The end plate is located above the connection port between the drain pipe and the filter cylinder. The exhaust pipe is located above the suction plate. A through hole for installing the first one-way valve is opened at the center of the suction plate.

[0011] As a further improvement of this application, the filter element is cylindrical and its surface is provided with uniformly distributed mesh holes, and the enclosure mesh is a cylindrical structure with openings at both the top and bottom and uniformly distributed mesh holes on its surface.

[0012] As a further improvement of this application, the breathable membrane is made of either polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene, and the composite activated carbon layer is made of activated carbon-molecular sieve composite material.

[0013] As a further improvement of this application, the water inlet pipe is tangentially connected to the outer shell, and an hourglass cover fitted on the outside of the filter cylinder is fixedly connected inside the outer shell. A drain pipe is fixedly connected to the lower part of the outer shell, and the drain pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the hourglass cover.

[0014] As a further improvement of this application, a scraper frame is slidably abutted against the lower end of the filter disc, and a hydraulic impeller is fixedly connected to the upper end of the scraper frame and rotatably connected to the outer wall of the filter cylinder. The hydraulic impeller is positioned opposite to the inlet pipe and the outer casing.

[0015] As a further improvement to this application, a heating device is fixedly connected inside the hourglass cover.

[0016] As a further improvement of this application, an ultraviolet lamp is fixedly connected inside the filter element, and the ultraviolet lamp penetrates multiple composite activated carbon layers.

[0017] In summary, this invention utilizes a breathable membrane positioned between the annular cylinder and the filter element, along with a negative pressure suction mechanism connected to the annular cylinder, to extract impurity gases from the filter element during the dechlorination process. This reduces the occupation of adsorption sites on the activated carbon pores by impurity gases, improving the physical and chemical adsorption efficiency of free and bound chlorine, reducing the mass transfer resistance of the activated carbon packing, and increasing the flow dechlorination efficiency of tap water. Furthermore, the multi-layered composite activated carbon layer arranged along the axial direction of the filter element allows water and air to flow alternately between the activated carbon layer and the exhaust gap, improving exhaust efficiency and further reducing the probability of air bubbles clogging the activated carbon pores, thus increasing the utilization rate of the activated carbon pores. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter cartridge in this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional assembly structure diagram of the filter cartridge in this application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded assembly structure of this application;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of water and air within the casing in this application;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter element in this application;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of water and air within the filter element in this application.

[0027] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0028] 1. Outer shell; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Filter cartridge; 4. Drain pipe; 5. Filter disc; 6. Sewage pipe; 7. Annular cylinder; 701. Suction chamber; 8. Filter element; 9. Enclosure net; 10. Breathable membrane; 11. Activated carbon packing; 1101. Composite activated carbon layer; 1102. Support net; 1103. Exhaust gap; 12. Suction pipe; 13. End plate; 14. Suction plate; 15. First check valve; 16. Piston disc; 17. Electric push rod; 18. Exhaust pipe; 19. Second check valve; 20. Ultraviolet lamp; 21. Hourglass cover; 22. Scraper frame; 23. Hydraulic impeller; 24. Heating device. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The two embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Implementation method 1:

[0031] Figures 1-7 This invention discloses a laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer, comprising a housing 1, a filter cylinder 3 extending above the housing 1, a filter disc 5 fixedly connected to the lower end of the filter cylinder 3 for filtering suspended particles in tap water; an annular cylinder 7 fixedly connected inside the filter cylinder 3, a filter element 8 penetrating the annular cylinder 7 fixedly connected to the center of the annular cylinder 7, the filter element 8 being filled with activated carbon filler 11, a retaining net 9 fixedly connected to the annular cylinder 7 outside the filter element 8, a breathable membrane 10 fixedly connected between the retaining net 9 and the filter element 8, and a suction chamber 701 formed between the retaining net 9 and the inner wall of the annular cylinder 7, the suction chamber 701 being connected to a negative pressure suction mechanism, the negative pressure suction mechanism and the breathable membrane 10 cooperating to perform negative pressure suction of impurity gases in the filter element 8 and discharge them into the atmosphere; a drain pipe 4 fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the filter cylinder 3, and a water inlet pipe 2 fixedly connected to the side wall of the housing 1.

[0032] For details, please refer to Figure 7During the dechlorination treatment of laboratory tap water, tap water enters the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 through the inlet pipe 2, and then enters the filter cylinder 3 after being filtered by the filter plate 5. The tap water in the filter cylinder 3 then enters the filter element 8, where the activated carbon packing 11 dechlorinates the tap water. Dechlorinated water is obtained after dechlorination and is discharged through the drain pipe 4. While the filter element 8 is performing dechlorination, the external negative pressure suction mechanism is activated, which forces the airflow into the suction chamber 701. The suction chamber 701 is under negative pressure. The suction chamber 701 extracts impurity gases (a small amount of chlorine dissolved in tap water, free chlorine and bound chlorine, which are products of the catalytic decomposition of the two, which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail in this application) from the filter element 8 through the breathable membrane 10. This reduces the competition of impurity gases for the adsorption sites of activated carbon, reduces the impact of impurity gases on the catalytic decomposition reaction and mass transfer resistance, improves the efficiency of physical and chemical adsorption, and increases the adsorption capacity and service life of the filter element 8.

[0033] Compared to traditional laboratory dechlorination devices, this invention uses a breathable membrane 10 placed between the annular cylinder 7 and the filter element 8, along with a negative pressure suction mechanism connected to the annular cylinder 7, to extract impurity gases from the filter element 8 during the dechlorination process. This reduces the occupation of adsorption sites in the activated carbon pores by impurity gases, improves the physical and chemical adsorption efficiency of free and bound chlorine, reduces the mass transfer resistance of the activated carbon packing 11, and improves the flow dechlorination efficiency of tap water.

[0034] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The negative pressure suction mechanism includes multiple suction pipes 12 that are uniformly distributed in a circle and are fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular cylinder 7. The upper end of the suction pipe 12 is fixedly connected to an end plate 13 that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder 3. Above the end plate 13, there is a suction plate 14 that is fixed to the inner wall of the filter cylinder 3. A first one-way valve 15 is fixedly connected to the center of the suction plate 14. Above the suction plate 14, there is a piston disc 16 that slides against the inner wall of the filter cylinder 3. The upper end of the piston disc 16 is fixedly connected to the movable end of an electric push rod 17. The fixed end of the electric push rod 17 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the filter cylinder 3. An exhaust pipe 18 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the filter cylinder 3. A second one-way valve 19 is fixedly connected to the connection between the exhaust pipe 18 and the filter cylinder 3.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 The suction pipe 12 passes through the end plate 13 and extends to the upper end face of the end plate 13. The end plate 13 is located above the connection between the drain pipe 4 and the filter cylinder 3. The exhaust pipe 18 is located above the suction plate 14. The suction plate 14 has a through hole at its center for installing the first one-way valve 15.

[0036] Specifically, during negative pressure suction operation, the electric push rod 17 drives the piston disc 16 to move up and down in the cavity of the filter cartridge 3 located above the suction plate 14. When the piston disc 16 moves upward, the first one-way valve 15 of the suction plate 14 opens, and the gas in the suction chamber 701 enters the cavity between the piston disc 16 and the suction plate 14 through the suction pipe 12 and the first one-way valve 15. When the piston disc 16 moves downward, the gas between the piston disc 16 and the suction plate 14 is discharged into the outside atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 18 and the second one-way valve 19.

[0037] Please see Figure 4 The filter element 8 is cylindrical and has evenly distributed mesh holes on its surface. The enclosure net 9 is a cylindrical structure with openings at both the top and bottom and evenly distributed mesh holes on its surface.

[0038] Specifically, the impurities in the filter element 8 come into contact with the breathable membrane 10 after passing through the mesh on the surface of the filter element 8. The impurities in the breathable membrane 10 then enter the suction chamber 701 through the mesh of the enclosure net 9. In addition, tap water enters the filter element 8 through the mesh at the lower end of the filter element 8 after passing through the filter disc 5. It then exits from the mesh at the upper end of the filter element 8 into the cavity below the end plate 13 and then exits from the drain pipe 4.

[0039] In this embodiment, the breathable membrane 10 is made of either polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0040] Specifically, the breathable membrane 10, made of either polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene, has a hydrophobic and breathable function, allowing impurities in the filter element 8 to pass through the breathable membrane 10.

[0041] Please see Figure 2 The water inlet pipe 2 is tangentially connected to the outer shell 1. An hourglass cover 21 is fixedly connected inside the outer shell 1 and sleeved on the outside of the filter cylinder 3. A drain pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the outer shell 1 and is connected to the inner cavity of the hourglass cover 21.

[0042] Specifically, under the action of the hourglass cover 21 and the filter cylinder 3, the tap water entering the outer shell 1 forms a swirling flow in the hourglass cover 21, which accelerates the aggregation and sedimentation of suspended impurities in the tap water, settles the suspended particles in the tap water, reduces the blockage of the activated carbon filler 11 by suspended particles, and facilitates the discharge of sediment through the drain pipe 6.

[0043] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 6 The lower end of the filter disc 5 slides against a scraper frame 22, and the upper end of the scraper frame 22 is fixedly connected to a hydraulic impeller 23 that is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the filter cylinder 3. The hydraulic impeller 23 is positioned opposite to the inlet pipe 2 and the outer casing 1.

[0044] Specifically, tap water entering the outer casing 1 through the water inlet pipe 2 drives the hydraulic impeller 23 to rotate, and the hydraulic impeller 23 drives the scraper frame 22 to rotate. The scraper frame 22 rotates and scrapes away the impurities accumulated on the lower end face of the filter disc 5, further reducing the situation where the filter disc 5 is blocked by impurities.

[0045] The second implementation method:

[0046] Figure 8 and Figure 9 A laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer is shown. Based on the first embodiment, the activated carbon packing 11 includes a multi-layer composite activated carbon layer 1101 arranged along the axial direction of the filter element 8. Support nets 1102 are fixedly connected to both sides of the composite activated carbon layer 1101. The support nets 1102 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter element 8. An exhaust gap 1103 is formed between adjacent support nets 1102.

[0047] For details, please refer to Figure 9 The activated carbon packing 11 is divided into multiple layers by the exhaust gap 1103, so that when tap water passes through the activated carbon packing 11, it alternates between multiple composite activated carbon layers 1101 and exhaust gap 1103. Compared with the traditional integral packing, it makes it easier for bubbles to be discharged, reduces the contact time between bubbles and activated carbon pores, and thus improves the efficiency of impurity gas discharge.

[0048] Please see Figure 2 A heating device 24 is fixedly connected inside the hourglass cover 21. The heating device 24 heats the tap water that forms a swirling flow, making it easier for the gas in the tap water to expand and overflow, thus facilitating negative pressure suction.

[0049] It should be noted that the heating device 24 is a heating wire or a heating plate, which is existing technology.

[0050] Please see Figure 8 The filter element 8 is fixedly connected to an ultraviolet lamp 20, which penetrates multiple composite activated carbon layers 1101.

[0051] Specifically, ultraviolet irradiation accelerates the catalytic decomposition rate of free and bound chlorine, thereby improving the chemisorption efficiency.

[0052] In this embodiment, the composite activated carbon layer 1101 is made of activated carbon-molecular sieve composite material.

[0053] Specifically, the composite activated carbon layer 1101 made of activated carbon-molecular sieve composite material has a better selective adsorption effect and a higher adsorption capacity than ordinary activated carbon. It has a better selective adsorption effect on both free chlorine and bound chlorine. The activated carbon-molecular sieve composite material and the composite activated carbon prepared from it are both existing materials, and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0054] In light of current practical needs, the above-described embodiments adopted in this application are not limited to these. Any changes made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer, characterized in that, The system includes an outer shell (1), a filter cylinder (3) extending above the upper part of the outer shell (1), a filter disc (5) fixedly connected to the lower end of the filter cylinder (3), and the filter disc (5) used to filter suspended particles in tap water; an annular cylinder (7) is fixedly connected inside the filter cylinder (3), a filter core (8) penetrating the annular cylinder (7) is fixedly connected at the center of the annular cylinder (7), the filter core (8) is filled with activated carbon filler (11), and a surrounding ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the annular cylinder (7) of the filter core (8). A breathable membrane (10) is fixedly connected between the baffle (9), the enclosure net (9) and the filter element (8). A suction chamber (701) is formed between the enclosure net (9) and the inner wall of the annular cylinder (7). The suction chamber (701) is connected to a negative pressure suction mechanism. The negative pressure suction mechanism and the breathable membrane (10) work together to perform negative pressure suction of the impurity gas in the filter element (8) and discharge it into the atmosphere. A drain pipe (4) is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the filter cylinder (3), and a water inlet pipe (2) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer shell (1). The activated carbon filler (11) includes a multi-layer composite activated carbon layer (1101) arranged along the axial direction of the filter core (8). Support mesh (1102) is fixedly connected to both sides of the composite activated carbon layer (1101). The support mesh (1102) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter core (8). An exhaust gap (1103) is formed between adjacent support meshes (1102). The breathable membrane (10) is made of either polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene. The composite activated carbon layer (1101) is made of activated carbon-molecular sieve composite material. An ultraviolet lamp (20) is fixedly connected inside the filter core (8). The ultraviolet lamp (20) penetrates multiple composite activated carbon layers (1101).

2. The laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure suction mechanism includes multiple suction pipes (12) that are fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular cylinder (7) and are evenly distributed in a circle. The upper end of the suction pipe (12) is fixedly connected to an end plate (13) that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter cylinder (3). Above the end plate (13) is a suction plate (14) that is fixed to the inner wall of the filter cylinder (3). A first one-way valve (15) is fixedly connected to the center of the suction plate (14). Above the suction plate (14) is a piston disc (16) that slides against the inner wall of the filter cylinder (3). The upper end of the piston disc (16) is fixedly connected to the movable end of an electric push rod (17). The fixed end of the electric push rod (17) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the filter cylinder (3). The side wall of the filter cylinder (3) is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe (18). A second one-way valve (19) is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe (18) and the filter cylinder (3).

3. The laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The suction pipe (12) passes through the end plate (13) and extends to the upper end face of the end plate (13). The end plate (13) is located above the connection between the drain pipe (4) and the filter cylinder (3). The exhaust pipe (18) is located above the suction plate (14). The suction plate (14) has a through hole at the center for installing the first one-way valve (15).

4. The laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter core (8) is cylindrical and has uniformly distributed mesh holes on its surface. The enclosure net (9) is a cylindrical structure with openings at both the top and bottom and has uniformly distributed mesh holes on its surface.

5. A laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet pipe (2) is tangentially connected to the outer shell (1). An hourglass cover (21) is fixedly connected inside the outer shell (1) and sleeved on the outside of the filter cylinder (3). A drain pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the outer shell (1), and the drain pipe (6) is connected to the inner cavity of the hourglass cover (21).

6. A laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end of the filter disc (5) is slidably abutted against a scraper frame (22), and the upper end of the scraper frame (22) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic impeller (23) that is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the filter cylinder (3). The hydraulic impeller (23) is arranged opposite to the water inlet pipe (2) and the outer shell (1).

7. A laboratory tap water dechlorination device based on a composite activated carbon layer according to claim 5, characterized in that, A heating device (24) is fixedly connected inside the hourglass cover (21).

Images