356 results about "Mass transfer resistance" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of all-vanadium redox flow batteries, in particular to a covalent organic framework cross-linked sulfonated polybenzimidazole proton exchange membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The proton exchange membrane structurally comprises a polymer main chain, a sulfonic acid group, a connecting agent and a cross-linking agent molecule, a sulfonated polybenzimidazole polymer, a COF cross-linking agent and the connecting agent are dissolved in N-methyl pyrrolidone, and the COF cross-linked sulfonated polybenzimidazole proton exchange membrane is obtained after treatment. Aiming at the problems that vanadium ions of a positive electrode and a negative electrode of an all-vanadium redox flow battery are crossed, the capacity of the all-vanadium redox flow battery fades and the energy efficiency is low, the hydrophilicity of the sulfonated polybenzimidazole proton exchange membrane is improved through sulfonation treatment, and the mass transfer resistance is reduced. After the covalent organic framework is introduced, the increased free volume is beneficial to construction of a rapid proton transmission channel and can accommodate water molecules to limit swelling of the membrane material.

The invention relates to a membrane electrode with high oxygen permeability and a preparation method thereof, the membrane electrode comprises a proton exchange membrane, an anode catalyst layer and a cathode catalyst layer, the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer are arranged on two sides of the proton exchange membrane, and anode catalyst slurry comprises an anode catalyst, an ionomer and a dispersing solvent in a mass ratio of 1: (1-10): (10-1000); the cathode catalyst slurry comprises a cathode catalyst, an ionomer, an ionic liquid and a dispersing solvent in a mass ratio of 1: (1-10): (1-10): (10-1000). Compared with the prior art, in order to solve the problem that oxygen mass transfer of a porous carbon carrier in a fuel cell catalyst layer is difficult, the method that ionic liquid and ionomer are mixed in advance, then slurry is prepared, and the slurry is sprayed to prepare the membrane electrode is adopted, so that a compact structure formed by an ionomer membrane on the surface of a catalyst is weakened, and the distribution uniformity of the ionomer membrane is improved; the local oxygen mass transfer resistance is obviously reduced, and the performance of the fuel cell under high current density is improved.

The invention discloses a screen cloth enhanced polybenzimidazole porous membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: fully mixing polybenzimidazole, a polar solvent and a template to obtain a mixed solution, coating a base material with the mixed solution, placing a polymer mesh on the previous base material, and carrying out in-situ compounding, polar solvent removal and film formation to obtain a compact mesh reinforced polybenzimidazole film; and then carrying out in-situ etching treatment to prepare the screen cloth enhanced polybenzimidazole porous membrane. The size and connectivity of ion channels in the membrane can be regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the type and content of templates in the membrane casting process, and the polybenzimidazole porous layer can be ultrathin by combining the effect of enhancing the mechanical property of the polymer mesh cloth, so that the mass transfer resistance of the polybenzimidazole porous separation layer is remarkably reduced, and the performance of the membrane is improved. The mesh-reinforced polybenzimidazole porous membrane has good dimensional stability and pore uniformity, and has the characteristics of high ion selectivity, high ion conductivity and high stability.

The invention provides a porous fiber membrane with a multistage pore channel structure and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that soluble polymers are dissolved in corresponding solvents, then dispersed EVOH nanofibers are added, and a mixed solution of the polymer solution and the EVOH nanofibers is obtained; injecting the mixed solution into a rotationally stirred non-solvent coagulating bath containing a cross-linking agent at a certain rate by using an injector, performing phase separation on the mixed solution, forming porous fibers under the action of centrifugal force, and dispersing the porous fibers in a non-solvent to obtain a porous fiber dispersion liquid; and finally, coating the porous fiber dispersion liquid on a non-woven base material, performing auxiliary film formation under the action of negative pressure, and drying to obtain the porous fiber film with the multilevel pore channel structure. The prepared porous fiber membrane with the hierarchical porous channel structure not only has micron-sized porous channels, but also has nano-sized porous channels with different sizes on the surfaces of the porous fibers forming the membrane channels, shows higher loading capacity and lower mass transfer resistance, and is suitable for the field of adsorption separation.

The invention relates to the technical field of air electrode preparation, in particular to a metal-loaded super-hydrophobic air electrode, a preparation method and chlorine production application, the air electrode comprises a high-hydrophobicity gas diffusion layer obtained through polytetrafluoroethylene modification, and the metal-loaded super-hydrophobic air electrode is prepared through a corona etching and electrochemical in-situ deposition technology. A uniform and highly-dispersed metal catalyst layer directly grows on the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene substrate, so that the gas diffusion electrode with excellent mass transfer performance and an efficient catalytic function is obtained; the prepared electrode is used for carrying out electrochemical catalysis on a water body containing chloride ions by adopting a cyclic voltammetry method, and active chlorine can be efficiently generated in situ; the prepared metal-loaded super-hydrophobic air electrode has the advantages of being low in oxygen mass transfer resistance, high in catalyst utilization rate, free of generation of by-products, capable of efficiently generating active chlorine and the like, and has wide application potential in actual water environment disinfection.

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy materials, and discloses a gradient porous three-dimensional interpenetrating network direct ammonia fuel cell membrane electrode. The gradient porous three-dimensional interpenetrating network direct ammonia fuel cell membrane electrode comprises an exchange membrane, an anode catalyst layer, a cathode catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer, wherein the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer have gradient pore size distribution from the exchange membrane side to the gas diffusion layer side; wherein the interiors of the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer are provided with three-dimensional interpenetrating network structures. According to the invention, the utilization rate of the catalyst is improved by 30-50%, the mass transfer resistance is reduced by 40-60%, the interface contact is improved, the controllability of the preparation process is improved, the structural stability is enhanced, the power density of the direct ammonia fuel cell reaches 250-300mW / cm < 2 >, the performance retention rate after 5000 cycles can reach 85% or more, and the method has remarkable technical advantages and application prospects.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a catalyst, a pore forming agent, an ionomer and a solvent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in an ice-water bath until the mixture is uniformly dispersed, then coating a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane with the mixture to obtain a catalytic layer, and then carrying out hot pressing and transferring the catalytic layer to two sides of a proton exchange membrane to obtain the membrane electrode. The catalyst layer of the prepared membrane electrode has a cross-linked porous network structure formed in situ when the pore forming agent is pyrolyzed and separated in the hot-pressing transfer printing process, so that the specific surface area of a three-phase interface and the utilization rate of a noble metal catalyst are increased, the gas and liquid mass transfer resistance of the membrane electrode is reduced, and the material transmission capability is improved; the performance of the membrane electrode is improved, and the membrane electrode has more excellent stability.

The invention relates to an asymmetric ceramic hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane and a preparation method thereof. The asymmetric ceramic hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane is sequentially provided with a ceramic hollow fiber membrane matrix, a gamma-mesoporous middle layer and a microporous separation layer from inside to outside, the pipe diameter of the ceramic hollow fiber membrane matrix is 1.5-2mm, the thickness of the ceramic hollow fiber membrane matrix is 300-400mu m, the average aperture of the ceramic hollow fiber membrane matrix is 150-300nm, the thickness of the gamma-mesoporous middle layer is 1-5mu m, the average aperture of the gamma-mesoporous middle layer is 5-10nm, the thickness of the microporous separation layer is 100-500nm, and the thickness of the microporous separation layer is 100-500nm. And the average pore size is 1-1.6 nm. The asymmetric ceramic hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane provided by the invention can reduce mass transfer resistance in a separation process while providing larger loading density and specific surface area. According to the preparation method of the asymmetric ceramic hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane, the asymmetric ceramic hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane which can provide larger loading density and specific surface area and can reduce mass transfer resistance in the separation process can be prepared.

The invention belongs to the technical field of membrane separation, and particularly relates to a low-pressure high-flux polyamide / polysulfone hollow fiber composite nanofiltration membrane and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the composite nanofiltration membrane comprises the following steps: dissolving sulfonated polysulfone, poly (1-vinyl-3-butylimidazole) bromide and polyvinylpyrrolidone to prepare a spinning solution, and spinning to obtain a base membrane; carrying out hydrophilic modification on the base membrane by using 1, 3-propane sultone; then, an aqueous phase solution containing poly (gamma-glutamic acid) and triethylene tetramine and an organic phase solution containing trimesoyl chloride and 3, 5-diaminobenzoic acid are subjected to interfacial polymerization in the inner cavity of the modified base membrane to form a polyamide separation layer; and finally, carrying out heat treatment to obtain the composite nanofiltration membrane. Through the synergistic effect of zwitterionic ionization of the base membrane and biomacromolecule construction of the separation layer, the mass transfer resistance of water is remarkably reduced, unification of high flux and high selectivity is achieved, and good structural stability is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of material measurement methods, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the mass transfer resistance of a mesoporous carbon internal pore catalyst, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, analyzing the mass transfer resistance of a single pore, determining the mass transfer resistance type and mutual relation of the single pore, and constructing a micro model of platinum nanoparticles covered by a water film to obtain the mass transfer resistance of the mesoporous carbon internal pore catalyst. And the mass transfer resistance value of the mesoporous carbon internal pore catalyst is obtained by combining the concentration and mass transfer flux change rule of oxygen in pores. According to the method, the mass transfer resistance value in a single pore can be obtained, and theoretical guidance is provided for reducing the loading capacity of the platinum nanoparticles and promoting commercialization of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

The invention discloses a method for extracting ginsenoside based on a supercritical extraction method, and relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction. The ginsenoside is extracted through a supercritical extraction method, the extraction process is convenient and efficient, the purity of the ginsenoside is high, organic solvent residues are avoided, the method is green and environmentally friendly, carbon dioxide can be recycled, and the operation cost is low; through degreasing pretreatment, fat-soluble components in ginseng powder are removed, the extraction purity of saponin is increased, the solid loading capacity of supercritical extraction is reduced, the mass transfer resistance is reduced, and the extraction efficiency is improved; the ginsenoside is purified in a post-treatment mode of resin adsorption and elution, polar impurities can be further removed, glutamine is adopted for surface functionalization of the resin, acylamino and carboxyl are introduced to the surface of the resin and can form hydrogen bonds with phenolic hydroxyl groups in the ginsenoside, functional adsorption is achieved, meanwhile, impurities are removed, and the content of the ginsenoside is increased. Reaction conditions are simple and mild, and adsorption efficiency is high.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by photothermal catalytic decomposition of seawater / sewage, and particularly relates to a construction method of a gas-gas-solid interface seawater desalination / sewage purification and in-situ hydrogen production reaction system. The reaction system consists of a bifunctional photo-thermal catalysis / evaporation material and a reaction device, solar energy is taken as an energy source, and seawater / sewage is taken as a reactant to carry out gas-steam-solid interface seawater desalination / sewage purification and photo-thermal decomposition of water to produce hydrogen. The bacterial cellulose hydrogel is used as a supporting substrate of a water supply substrate and a photo-thermal evaporation material, and the photo-thermal catalytic material is limited on an air-water interface, so that the stability of the photo-thermal catalyst is improved, and the defects of underwater light attenuation, large hydrogen mass transfer resistance and the like of a traditional liquid phase reaction system are overcome. Seawater desalination / sewage purification is synchronously realized, hydrogen is produced through in-situ decomposition of desalted water vapor, and the synchronous improvement of the seawater desalination / sewage purification rate and the in-situ water decomposition hydrogen production rate is promoted through the design of a gas-steam-solid interface reaction system.

The invention belongs to the technical field of membrane separation, and discloses an organic metal armored MXene membrane and preparation and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that S1, lithium salt and an acid solution are mixed, a three-dimensional layered MAX raw material is added, stirring, centrifugal washing, ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation are conducted, and a two-dimensional MXene nanosheet dispersion liquid is obtained; and S2, adding an organic metal salt into the two-dimensional MXene nanosheet dispersion liquid, carrying out stirring reaction to carry out organic metal salt modification on MXene nanosheets, and carrying out vacuum filtration or blade coating or spin coating on a porous substrate with a modified MXene nanosheet colloidal solution to obtain the organic metal armored MXene film. MXene is modified through organic metal, interaction between solvent molecules and the MXene membrane is weakened and interlayer spacing and solvent mass transfer behavior are regulated and controlled by means of stable combination of the organic metal and the MXene, so that separation performance and swelling resistance are remarkably improved, and the technical problems that a traditional MXene membrane material is large in swelling and mass transfer resistance, low in separation efficiency and the like are solved.

The invention discloses a hydrophobic carbon-based monatomic catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The hydrophobic carbon-based monatomic catalyst comprises a carbon skeleton of a core-shell structure, a metal monatomic active site fixed on the carbon skeleton by forming a coordinate bond with N on the carbon skeleton, and an alkyl chain grafted on the carbon skeleton through a covalent bond. The alkyl chain is grafted through the covalent bond, chemical stable regulation and control of the hydrophobicity of the carbon-based nickel monatomic catalyst are achieved, covalent bond modification avoids the defects of a physical method, long-term stability of hydrophobicity is ensured, and efficient hydrophobic modification is achieved on the premise that monatomic sites are not damaged; a stable three-phase interface is formed on the hydrophobic surface, physical enrichment of CO2 near the catalyst is promoted, mass transfer resistance is reduced, CO2 diffusion is further accelerated through the hollow structure of the carbon skeleton, and the mass transfer capacity is improved.

The invention discloses an anion exchange membrane electrode and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new energy material and catalytic electrode preparation, the method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing an anode catalyst slurry comprising a hydrophobic covalent organic framework material, an anode catalyst, an anion exchange ionomer and a solvent; s2, preparing a cathode catalyst slurry of which the components comprise a cathode catalyst, an anion exchange ionomer and a solvent; and S3, respectively spraying or coating the anode catalyst slurry and the cathode catalyst slurry on two side surfaces of an anion exchange membrane or a gas diffusion layer, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the anion exchange membrane electrode. The method provided by the invention can solve the problems of large gas-liquid-ion three-phase mass transfer resistance, easy shielding of active catalytic sites by ionomers and unbalanced water management in the membrane electrode assembly in the existing AEMWE device.

The invention discloses an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic cell active area height design method. The electrolytic cell comprises a first end plate; the first end plate and the second end plate are horizontally arranged; the electrolytic cell core is arranged between the first end plate and the second end plate, and the electrolytic cell core comprises a cathode side polar plate, a membrane electrode and an anode side polar plate which are arranged in the horizontal direction. The invention discloses a method for designing the height of an active region of an electrolysis cell. The method comprises the following steps: according to an oxygen production volume equation # imgabs0 # of the electrolysis cell and a relational expression V (t) < pi * a * R2 + d * N according to the minimum volume of the cell filled with bubbles and the oxygen production of a cross section, wherein the relational expression is as follows: V (t) < pi * a * R2 + d * N; according to the method, bubbles can be effectively discharged, the mass transfer resistance is reduced, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the relation between the height of the active region and different current densities and the height of the header pipe is given, so that the height of the active region of the small chamber is quantitatively designed.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional porous sulfur-doped tin-antimony-nickel electrode and a preparation method and application thereof.The specific operation process includes the steps that a carrier is pretreated, the titanium carrier is used as a substrate, a sulfur-containing surfactant and tin-antimony-nickel metal salt are used as precursors, absolute ethyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid are used as solvents, and the three-dimensional porous sulfur-doped tin-antimony-nickel electrode is obtained; loading a sulfur-containing nanoparticle precursor material on the surface of the titanium carrier through a hydrothermal method; and drying the hydrothermal precursor material, and roasting in a muffle furnace to finally obtain the three-dimensional porous sulfur-doped tin-antimony-nickel-titanium substrate electrode. The catalyst disclosed by the invention has a three-dimensional porous spherical structure, the active specific surface area is obviously increased, the path of diffusing reactants to active sites is effectively shortened, the mass transfer resistance is reduced, the transfer of electrons and protons is promoted, and the reaction performance is improved. Sulfur doping not only improves the electrochemical reaction rate, conductivity and stability, but also shows high activity and high Faraday efficiency in electrocatalytic ozone production and chlorine evolution reactions.

Provided in the present invention are a spherical catalyst for hydrogen peroxide synthesis via an anthraquinone process and a preparation method therefor, belonging to the technical fields of catalytic materials and catalyst preparation. The method comprises: reacting a first aluminum source, which has P123 mixed therein, with a precipitant to obtain an aluminum oxide precursor, redispersing the aluminum oxide precursor in P123 and assembling to obtain a porous aluminum oxide precursor; dispersing the porous aluminum oxide precursor and a second aluminum source in deionized water, and adding a solution of a palladium-containing compound and an additive-containing compound to prepare a catalyst precursor slurry; adding gelatin and gum arabic to the catalyst precursor slurry and uniformly mixing same to prepare a composite colloidal solution, adding the colloidal solution dropwise to a liquid column consisting of an upper-layer oil phase and a lower-layer curing agent, and then carrying out aging, drying, calcining, and reduction to obtain the spherical catalyst. The present invention is doped with the porous aluminum oxide precursor, thereby improving the pore structure of the catalyst, increasing the utilization rate of the interior of spherical aluminum oxide, and reducing the mass transfer resistance of the reaction.

The invention discloses an integrated gas diffusion layer with a hydrophilic and hydrophobic structure and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells. The integrated gas diffusion layer structure comprises a hydrophilic layer and a hydrophobic layer, the hydrophilic layer is a planar layer, the hydrophobic layer is a mixed layer with ridges I and grooves I, no transition layer exists between the hydrophilic layer and the hydrophobic layer, the hydrophilic layer is located between the hydrophobic layer and a fuel cell membrane electrode catalyst layer, and the hydrophobic layer is located between a fuel cell bipolar plate and the hydrophilic layer. The preparation method of the integrated gas diffusion layer comprises the following steps: sequentially blade-coating hydrophobic layer slurry and hydrophilic layer slurry into a mold with a ridge II and a groove II, and finally demolding to obtain the integrated gas diffusion layer. The integrated gas diffusion layer is used for the gas diffusion layer of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the hydrophobic layer has a larger contact angle, gas transmission and discharge of generated water are facilitated, the hydrophilic layer separates out the water through capillary action, the mass transfer resistance is reduced, and the performance of a membrane electrode is improved.

The invention relates to a flat tube type SOFC anode with gradient pores and a preparation method of the flat tube type SOFC anode, and belongs to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells. Comprising an anode substrate, an anode diffusion layer and an anode functional layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein fuel pore channels with pore diameters of 1-1.5 mm are uniformly distributed on the anode substrate; the porosity of each layer of structure is different, so that a gradient pore anode structure is formed; the problem of low discharge power caused by too large gas mass transfer resistance due to too low porosity in a flat tube type solid oxide fuel cell due to single porosity is solved. In the preparation process, in order to better compound the three layers of anodes, a multi-platform-slow sintering procedure is adopted, and finally, the three-layer anode structure with gradient pores is successfully prepared.

The invention discloses a fly ash washing dechlorination and resource utilization method. The method comprises the steps of fly ash pretreatment, size mixing treatment, enhanced washing and solid-liquid separation, filter cake treatment and mixed washing liquid purification and salt separation crystallization. Through a multi-dimensional synergistic strengthening means, the fly ash dechlorination efficiency is remarkably improved, resource utilization is achieved, the sodium citrate and lauryl sodium sulfate composite additive is adopted, Zeta potential real-time monitoring and pulse type supplementing are combined, fly ash particles are effectively dispersed, mass transfer resistance is destroyed, dissolution of chloride ions is promoted, and the dechlorination effect of the fly ash is improved. Moreover, gradient heating, electric field assistance and redox potential regulation are introduced, so that heavy metal dissolution is inhibited while efficient dechlorination is performed.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of ultrasonic gas-liquid purification, and provides ultrasonic gas-liquid purification equipment and a working method thereof.The ultrasonic gas-liquid purification equipment comprises a mounting assembly, a gas outlet is formed in the top of the mounting assembly, a gas inlet is formed in the side wall of the mounting assembly, and an absorption assembly is arranged in the mounting assembly; the absorption assembly is communicated with the air inlet, one side of the absorption assembly is provided with a liquid inlet assembly, the bottom of the absorption assembly is provided with a liquid collecting tank, one side of the liquid collecting tank is provided with a liquid outlet assembly, the liquid outlet assembly is communicated with the liquid collecting tank, and the absorption assembly comprises a mixing cavity; three groups of ultrasonic mechanisms are uniformly arranged in the mixing cavity, a flow guide pipe is arranged at the bottom of the mixing cavity, and the ultrasonic mechanisms are arranged, so that the turbulence degree of a gas-liquid interface can be enhanced, the mass transfer resistance can be reduced and the dissolution and diffusion of waste gas in liquid can be promoted under the vibration action of ultrasonic waves, and thus the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency is improved.

The invention provides a membrane electrode, a fuel cell and a method for measuring a mass transfer diffusion coefficient of gas in a catalytic layer of the fuel cell, relates to the technical field of cells, and aims to solve the problem of low precision of mass transfer resistance of the gas in the catalytic layer in the fuel cell. The membrane electrode comprises a proton exchange membrane and a first catalyst layer arranged on the surface of one side of the proton exchange membrane; the first catalytic layer comprises a first catalytic sub-layer and a second catalytic sub-layer, and the first catalytic sub-layer is located between the proton exchange membrane and the second catalytic sub-layer; wherein the type of the catalyst in the first catalytic sub-layer is the same as that of the catalyst in the second catalytic sub-layer, but the catalyst in the second catalytic sub-layer is an inactivated catalyst; according to the membrane electrode, the inactivated catalyst is adopted, so that the reconstructed second catalytic sublayer is closer to the first catalytic sublayer in structure, the mass transfer resistance of gas in the membrane electrode can be reflected more truly, and the measured gas mass transfer diffusion coefficient is more accurate.

The invention discloses a carbon-coated platinum-based catalyst for a fuel cell and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing a carbon carrier and a surfactant in a water-alcohol solution to obtain a carbon carrier solution; preparing a platinum-containing precursor solution; the mass of platinum in the platinum-containing precursor is 30-70% of the mass of the carbon carrier; mixing the carbon carrier solution and the platinum-containing precursor solution, and removing the solvent to obtain platinum-loaded carbon carrier particles; immersing the platinum-loaded carbon carrier particles into a weakly alkaline buffer solution, and adding dopamine hydrochloride to form polydopamine to coat the surfaces of the platinum-loaded carbon carrier particles; the reaction product is placed in reducing gas for carbonization treatment, and the carbon-coated platinum-based catalyst is obtained. According to the prepared catalyst, the poisoning effect of sulfonic acid groups of ionomers on Pt is avoided, the problem of large oxygen mass transfer resistance is solved, and stable electric energy output provided by a fuel cell is facilitated.

The invention discloses a conductive aeration membrane cathode electro-Fenton sewage treatment device and method based on iron circulation and application. The invention belongs to the technical field of electro-Fenton sewage treatment. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low O2 utilization rate, poor ferrous cyclic regeneration performance and poor selective degradation effect in the current electro-Fenton complex water treatment technology. The nano confinement conductive gas diffusion film is composed of a base film and an active layer, wherein the active layer is composed of fractured CNT and internal BN. An aeration membrane assembly is arranged in the reaction chamber of the device, and the surface, adjacent to the anode, of the assembly is composed of the gas diffusion membrane. By means of the design, oxygen directly makes contact with the catalyst layer through the gas diffusion film and is consumed immediately, and mass transfer resistance generated by water when the oxygen is diffused to the catalyst layer is avoided while 100% utilization of the oxygen is achieved. The nanometer confinement conductive aeration membrane cathode is high in ferrous cyclic regeneration capacity and has a good treatment effect in actual nanofiltration concentrated water, and selective degradation of ECs is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing a biomass-based carbon material by coupling activation through a molten salt method, which comprises the following steps: (1) crushing a biomass raw material into powder, and pre-carbonizing at high temperature in an inert atmosphere to obtain biochar; (2) mixing biochar, chlorate molten salt and an activating agent, and calcining at high temperature in an inert atmosphere to obtain a carbon material; and (3) washing the obtained carbon material with water, carrying out suction filtration after water washing, then carrying out acid washing, carrying out suction filtration after acid washing, then carrying out water washing until eluate is neutral, and then drying to obtain the biomass-based carbon material. The invention also discloses an application of the carbon material prepared by the method in preparation of a supercapacitor. The biomass-based capacitor carbon material prepared by the invention has a graded porous structure, micropores are beneficial to improving the surface adsorption capacity of ions, mesopores can provide more active sites and enhance the ionic conductivity, and macropores can provide a rapid substance transmission channel and reduce the mass transfer resistance; through an electrochemical performance test, when the material is used as a supercapacitor electrode material, the material has excellent capacity and cycling stability.

The invention provides a membrane electrode, a preparation method thereof and a fuel cell, the preparation method of the membrane electrode adopts a double-layer coating die head to coat catalyst layer slurry and intermediate dielectric layer slurry on the surface of a transfer printing membrane at the same time, and then the transfer printing membrane coated with the catalyst layer slurry and the intermediate dielectric layer slurry is transferred to the surface of a proton exchange membrane. The preparation process of the membrane electrode is simple and efficient, the coating time is saved, and the preparation process can be realized by slightly transforming an existing production line, so that the industrial large-scale production is facilitated. Moreover, the membrane electrode prepared by the invention is excellent in performance, and can improve the water management of the membrane module, so that the membrane module has relatively low mass transfer resistance.

The present application discloses a carrier material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing a template in a metal salt mixed solution to obtain a first product of a specific concentration; performing low-temperature vacuum drying on the first product to obtain a second product; mixing an organic carbon source with the second product to obtain a third product; performing a first heat treatment on the third product under vacuum or inert gas conditions to obtain a fourth product; washing and drying the fourth product in an acid wash solution to obtain a fifth product; performing a second heat treatment on the fifth product to obtain a carrier material; wherein the pore characteristic value of the carrier material is less than the cavity characteristic value of the carrier material. The beneficial effect of the present application is that it provides a carrier material and a preparation method thereof that improves the mass transfer resistance of a membrane electrode composed of a carrier material by controlling the pore characteristic value and the cavity characteristic value.

This application provides a method for preparing ferrocoke using zinc-containing dust and lean coal, belonging to the fields of iron and steel metallurgy and low-carbon ironmaking technology. The method uses zinc-containing dust and lean coal as raw materials, adding 10% medium-temperature coal tar pitch as a binder by weight of the total ferrocoke. During the ferrocoke preparation process, the metallic elements and their oxides in the zinc-containing dust can promote the reaction between carbon and CO2 at high temperatures, making carbon more easily consumed. Simultaneously, Zn volatilizes and migrates under high-temperature reducing conditions, making the local carbon structure loose and gradually forming interconnected pore structures around the dust particles. These pores facilitate the entry of CO2 gas into the ferrocoke to participate in the reaction, while also helping the generated gas to be discharged in a timely manner, thereby reducing mass transfer resistance. Through this effect, not only is the gasification reaction process accelerated, but the overall reaction performance of the ferrocoke is also improved, giving it higher gasification efficiency, making it suitable for blast furnaces, reducing the coke ratio, and improving smelting efficiency.

The invention discloses a battery pole piece baking parameter prediction method, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery manufacturing. The method comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring wind field data based on oven CFD simulation and processing the wind field data into convective heat transfer and mass transfer boundary conditions; s2, calculating a pole piece temperature field and residual solvent content by using a heat and mass transfer resistance model and an energy equation; s3, judging the fluidity of the slurry according to the solvent content: solving a momentum equation considering gravity, wind shear force and surface tension when the content is high, and calculating capillary seepage of the porous medium when the content is low; and S4, explicit iterative calculation is carried out until a pole piece parameter estimated value is output. According to the method, the problem of macroscopic and microscopic scale coupling calculation is avoided through step-by-step decoupling, and the dynamic drying process of the slurry can be accurately reflected.